memtest.cpp revision 48b40fefa1cd8b5371cb468dfcd79369a137566f
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#include <stdio.h>
18#include <stdlib.h>
19#include <string.h>
20#include <sys/time.h>
21#include <time.h>
22#include <unistd.h>
23#include <sched.h>
24#include <sys/resource.h>
25#include <sys/syscall.h>
26#include <sys/types.h>
27#include <sys/mman.h>
28
29#if 0
30const int DCACHE_SIZE = 8*1024;
31const int CPU_FREQ_EST = 195;
32const int BRANCH_CYCLE = 3;
33#else
34const int DCACHE_SIZE  = 32*1024;
35const int CPU_FREQ_EST = 384;
36const int BRANCH_CYCLE = 2;
37#endif
38
39//extern "C" void* xmemcpy(void*, void*, size_t);
40#define MEMCPY  memcpy
41
42typedef long long nsecs_t;
43
44static nsecs_t system_time()
45{
46    struct timespec t;
47    t.tv_sec = t.tv_nsec = 0;
48    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t);
49    return nsecs_t(t.tv_sec)*1000000000LL + t.tv_nsec;
50}
51
52nsecs_t loop_overhead(size_t count) __attribute__((noinline));
53nsecs_t loop_overhead(size_t count)
54{
55    nsecs_t overhead = -system_time();
56    do {
57        asm volatile ("":::"memory");
58    } while (--count);
59    overhead += system_time();
60    return overhead;
61}
62
63static void preload(volatile char* addr, size_t s)
64{
65    for (size_t i=0 ; i<s ; i+=32) {
66        char c = addr[i];
67        (void)c;
68    }
69}
70
71static void usage(char* p) {
72    printf( "Usage: %s <test> <options>\n"
73            "<test> is one of the following:\n"
74            "       cpufreq\n"
75            "       memcpy [perf [fast] | test]\n"
76            "       memset [perf | test]\n"
77            "       memcmp [perf | test]\n"
78            "       strlen [perf | test]\n"
79            "       malloc [fill]\n"
80            "       madvise\n"
81            "       resampler\n"
82            "       crash\n"
83            "       stack (stack smasher)\n"
84            "       crawl\n"
85            , p);
86}
87
88int cpufreq_test(int argc, char** argv);
89int memcpy_test(int argc, char** argv);
90int memset_test(int argc, char** argv);
91int memcmp_test(int argc, char** argv);
92int strlen_test(int argc, char** argv);
93int malloc_test(int argc, char** argv);
94int madvise_test(int argc, char** argv);
95int crash_test(int argc, char** argv);
96int stack_smasher_test(int argc, char** argv);
97int crawl_test(int argc, char** argv);
98
99#if 0
100#pragma mark -
101#pragma mark main
102#endif
103
104int main(int argc, char** argv)
105{
106    if (argc == 1) {
107        usage(argv[0]);
108        return 0;
109    }
110    int err = -1;
111    if      (!strcmp(argv[1], "cpufreq"))   err = cpufreq_test(argc-1, argv+1);
112    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "memcpy"))    err = memcpy_test(argc-1, argv+1);
113    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "memset"))    err = memset_test(argc-1, argv+1);
114    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "memcmp"))    err = memcmp_test(argc-1, argv+1);
115    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "strlen"))    err = strlen_test(argc-1, argv+1);
116    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "malloc"))    err = malloc_test(argc-1, argv+1);
117    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "madvise"))   err = madvise_test(argc-1, argv+1);
118    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "crash"))     err = crash_test(argc-1, argv+1);
119    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "stack"))     err = stack_smasher_test(argc-1, argv+1);
120    else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "crawl"))     err = crawl_test(argc-1, argv+1);
121    if (err) {
122        usage(argv[0]);
123    }
124    return 0;
125}
126
127#if 0
128#pragma mark -
129#pragma mark memcpy
130#endif
131
132int validate_memcpy(char* s, char* d, size_t size);
133int validate_memset(char* s, char c, size_t size);
134
135int memcpy_test(int argc, char** argv)
136{
137    int option = 0;
138    if (argc >= 2) {
139        if (!strcmp(argv[1], "perf"))       option = 0;
140        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "test"))  option = 1;
141        else                                return -1;
142    }
143
144    const int MAX_SIZE = 1024*1024; // 1MB
145    const int CACHED_SPEED_EST = CPU_FREQ_EST*1024*1024; // 150 MB/s
146    const int UNCACHED_SPEED_EST = (CPU_FREQ_EST/4)*1024*1024; // 60 MB/s
147    char* src = (char*)malloc(MAX_SIZE+4+8+32);
148    char* dst = (char*)malloc(MAX_SIZE+4+8+32);
149    memset(src, 0, MAX_SIZE+4+8+32);
150    memset(dst, 0, MAX_SIZE+4+8+32);
151
152    if (option == 0) {
153        bool fast = (argc>=3 && !strcmp(argv[2], "fast"));
154        printf("memcpy() performance test is running, please wait...\n");
155        fflush(stdout);
156        usleep(10000);
157        setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -20);
158        static int FAST_SIZES[] = { 1024, DCACHE_SIZE/2, DCACHE_SIZE, DCACHE_SIZE*2, MAX_SIZE };
159
160        struct result_t { int size; float res; };
161        result_t* results = (result_t*)src;
162        int nbr = 0;
163        int size = 0;
164        for (int i=0 ; ; i++) {
165            if (!fast) {
166                if (size<128)          size += 8;
167                else if (size<1024)    size += 128;
168                else if (size<16384)   size += 1024;
169                else                   size <<= 1;
170            } else {
171                if (size_t(i) >= sizeof(FAST_SIZES)/sizeof(FAST_SIZES[0]))
172                    break;
173                size = FAST_SIZES[i];
174            }
175            if (size > MAX_SIZE) {
176                break;
177            }
178
179            const int REPEAT = (((size < DCACHE_SIZE) ?
180                        (CACHED_SPEED_EST) : (UNCACHED_SPEED_EST)) / size) / 2;
181                                // ~0.5 second per test
182
183            const nsecs_t overhead = loop_overhead(REPEAT);
184
185            // tweak to make it a bad case
186            char* ddd = (char*)((long(dst+31)&~31) + 4);
187            char* sss = (char*)((long(src+31)&~31) + 28);
188
189            for (int offset=0 ; offset<=2 ; offset +=2 ) {
190                memcpy(dst, src, size); // just make sure to load the caches I/D
191                nsecs_t t = -system_time();
192                register int count = REPEAT;
193                do {
194                    MEMCPY(ddd, sss+offset, size);
195                } while (--count);
196                t += system_time() - overhead;
197                const float throughput = (size*1000000000.0f*REPEAT) / (1024*1024*t);
198                results[nbr].size = size;
199                results[nbr].res = throughput;
200                nbr++;
201            }
202        }
203
204        printf("%9s %9s %9s\n", "size", "MB/s", "MB/s (nc)");
205        for (int i=0 ; i<nbr ; i+=2) {
206            printf("%9d %9ld %9ld\n", results[i].size, (long)results[i].res, (long)results[i+1].res);
207        }
208    } else if (option == 1) {
209        printf("memcpy() validation test is running, please wait...\n");
210        fflush(stdout);
211        char* curr = (char*)src;
212        for (int i=0 ; i<MAX_SIZE ; i++) {
213            char c = rand();
214            *curr++ = c != 0x55 ? c : 0xAA;
215        }
216        char* s = src + 1024;
217        char* d = dst + 1024;
218        int nb = 0;
219        for (int size=0 ; size<4096 && !nb ; size++) {
220            nb += validate_memcpy(s, d, size);
221            for (int o=1 ; o<32 && !nb ; o++) {
222                nb += validate_memcpy(s+o, d, size);
223                nb += validate_memcpy(s, d+o, size);
224                nb += validate_memcpy(s+o, d+o, size);
225            }
226        }
227        if (nb) printf("%d error(s) found\n", nb);
228        else    printf("success!\n");
229    }
230    fflush(stdout);
231    free(dst);
232    free(src);
233    return 0;
234}
235
236int validate_memcpy(char* s, char* d, size_t size)
237{
238    int nberr = 0;
239    memset(d-4, 0x55, size+8);
240    MEMCPY(s, d, size);
241    if (memcmp(s,d,size)) {
242        printf("*** memcpy(%p,%p,%lu) destination != source\n",s,d,size);
243        nberr++;
244    }
245    bool r = (d[size]==0x55)&&(d[size+1]==0x55)&&(d[size+2]==0x55)&&(d[size+3]==0x55);
246    if (!r) {
247        printf("*** memcpy(%p,%p,%lu) clobbered past end of destination!\n",s,d,size);
248        nberr++;
249    }
250    r = (d[-1]==0x55)&&(d[-2]==0x55)&&(d[-3]==0x55)&&(d[-4]==0x55);
251    if (!r) {
252        printf("*** memcpy(%p,%p,%lu) clobbered before start of destination!\n",s,d,size);
253        nberr++;
254    }
255    return nberr;
256}
257
258
259#if 0
260#pragma mark -
261#pragma mark memset
262#endif
263
264int memset_test(int argc, char** argv)
265{
266    int option = 0;
267    if (argc >= 2) {
268        if (!strcmp(argv[1], "perf"))       option = 0;
269        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "test"))  option = 1;
270        else                                return -1;
271    }
272
273    const int MAX_SIZE = 1024*1024; // 1MB
274    const int CACHED_SPEED_EST = CPU_FREQ_EST*1024*1024; // 195 MB/s
275    const int UNCACHED_SPEED_EST = CPU_FREQ_EST*1024*1024; // 195 MB/s
276    char* dst = (char*)malloc(MAX_SIZE+4+8);
277
278    if (option == 0) {
279        printf("memset() performance test is running, please wait...\n");
280        fflush(stdout);
281        usleep(10000);
282        setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -20);
283
284        static int FAST_SIZES[] = { 1024, DCACHE_SIZE/2, DCACHE_SIZE, DCACHE_SIZE*2, MAX_SIZE };
285        const size_t FAST_SIZES_COUNT = sizeof(FAST_SIZES)/sizeof(FAST_SIZES[0]);
286        struct result_t { int size; float res; };
287        result_t results[FAST_SIZES_COUNT*2];
288        int nbr = 0;
289        int size = 0;
290        for (int i=0 ; ; i++) {
291            if (size_t(i) >= sizeof(FAST_SIZES)/sizeof(FAST_SIZES[0]))
292                break;
293            size = FAST_SIZES[i];
294            if (size > MAX_SIZE) {
295                break;
296            }
297            const int REPEAT = (((size < DCACHE_SIZE) ?
298                        (CACHED_SPEED_EST) : (UNCACHED_SPEED_EST)) / size);
299                                // ~0.5 second per test
300
301            const nsecs_t overhead = loop_overhead(REPEAT);
302
303            for (int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++) {
304                if (j==0)   preload(dst, DCACHE_SIZE*4);   // flush D
305                else        preload(dst, size);            // load D
306                nsecs_t t = -system_time();
307                size_t count = REPEAT;
308                do {
309                    memset(dst, 0, size);
310                } while (--count);
311                t += system_time() - overhead;
312
313                const float throughput = (size*1000000000.0f*REPEAT) / (1024*1024*t);
314                results[nbr].size = size;
315                results[nbr].res = throughput;
316                nbr++;
317            }
318        }
319
320        printf("%9s %9s %9s\n", "size", "MB/s", "MB/s (cached)");
321        for (int i=0 ; i<nbr ; i+=2) {
322            printf("%9d %9ld %9ld\n", results[i].size, (long)results[i].res, (long)results[i+1].res);
323        }
324    } else if (option == 1) {
325        printf("memset() validation test is running, please wait...\n");
326        fflush(stdout);
327        char* d = dst + 1024;
328        int nb = 0;
329        for (int o=1 ; o<32 ; o++) {
330            for (int size=0 ; size<4096 && !nb ; size++) {
331                nb += validate_memset(d, char(o), size);
332                nb += validate_memset(d+o, char(o), size);
333            }
334        }
335        if (nb) printf("%d error(s) found\n", nb);
336        else    printf("success!\n");
337    }
338    fflush(stdout);
339    free(dst);
340    return 0;
341}
342
343int validate_memset(char* d, char c, size_t size)
344{
345    int nberr = 0;
346    for (size_t i=0; i<size ; d[i++]=0xaa) ;
347    d[-1] = 0x55;
348    d[size+1] = 0x55;
349    memset(d, c, size);
350    if (d[size+1]!=0x55) {
351        printf("*** memset(%p,%02x,%lu) clobbered past end of destination!\n",d,(int)c,size);
352        nberr++;
353    }
354    if (d[-1]!=0x55) {
355        printf("*** memset(%p,%02x,%lu) clobbered before start of destination!\n",d,(int)c,size);
356        nberr++;
357    }
358    for (size_t i=0 ; i<size ; i++) {
359        if (d[i] != c) {
360            printf("*** memset(%p,%02x,%lu) failed at offset %lu\n",d,(int)c,size, i);
361            nberr++;
362            break;
363        }
364    }
365    return nberr;
366}
367
368#if 0
369#pragma mark -
370#pragma mark memcmp
371#endif
372
373static int ref_memcmp(const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t n)
374{
375  const unsigned char *c1 = (const unsigned char *)s1, *c2 = (const unsigned char *)s2;
376  int d = 0;
377
378  while ( n-- ) {
379    d = (int)*c1++ - (int)*c2++;
380    if ( d )
381      break;
382  }
383
384  return (d < 0 ? -1 : (d > 0 ? 1 : 0));
385}
386
387int validate_memcmp(const char* s, const char* d, size_t size)
388{
389
390    int a = ref_memcmp(s, d, size);
391    int b = memcmp(s, d, size);
392    b = (b < 0 ? -1 : (b > 0 ? 1 : 0));
393    //printf("%d, %d\n", a, b);
394    if (a != b) {
395        printf("*** memcmp(%p,%p,%lu) failed %d should be %d\n",s,d,size,b,a);
396        return 1;
397    }
398    return 0;
399}
400
401int memcmp_test(int argc, char** argv)
402{
403    int option = 0;
404    if (argc >= 2) {
405        if (!strcmp(argv[1], "perf"))       option = 0;
406        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "test"))  option = 1;
407        else                                return -1;
408    }
409
410    const int MAX_SIZE = 1024*1024; // 1MB
411    const int CACHED_SPEED_EST = CPU_FREQ_EST*1024*1024; // 150 MB/s
412    const int UNCACHED_SPEED_EST = (CPU_FREQ_EST/4)*1024*1024; // 60 MB/s
413    char* src = (char*)malloc(MAX_SIZE+4+8+32);
414    char* dst = (char*)malloc(MAX_SIZE+4+8+32);
415
416    if (option == 0) {
417        printf("memcmp() performance test is running, please wait...\n");
418        fflush(stdout);
419        usleep(10000);
420        setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -20);
421
422        static int FAST_SIZES[] = { 1024, DCACHE_SIZE/2, DCACHE_SIZE, DCACHE_SIZE*2, MAX_SIZE };
423
424        struct result_t { int size; float res; };
425        result_t* results = (result_t*)src;
426        int nbr = 0;
427        int size = 0;
428        for (int i=0 ; ; i++) {
429            if (size_t(i) >= sizeof(FAST_SIZES)/sizeof(FAST_SIZES[0]))
430                break;
431            size = FAST_SIZES[i];
432            if (size > MAX_SIZE) {
433                break;
434            }
435
436            const int REPEAT = (((size < DCACHE_SIZE) ?
437                        (CACHED_SPEED_EST) : (UNCACHED_SPEED_EST)) / size) / 2;
438                                // ~0.5 second per test
439
440            const nsecs_t overhead = loop_overhead(REPEAT);
441
442            // tweak to make it a bad case
443            char* ddd = (char*)((long(dst+31)&~31) + 4);
444            char* sss = (char*)((long(src+31)&~31) + 28);
445
446            for (int offset=0 ; offset<=2 ; offset +=2 ) {
447                memcpy(ddd, sss+offset, size); // just make sure to load the caches I/D
448                nsecs_t t = -system_time();
449                register int count = REPEAT;
450                char c;
451                c = memcmp(ddd, sss+offset, size);
452                //printf("size %d, memcmp -> %d\n", size, (int)c);
453                do {
454                    c = memcmp(ddd, sss+offset, size);
455                    asm volatile (""::"r"(c):"memory");
456                } while (--count);
457                t += system_time() - overhead;
458                const float throughput = (size*1000000000.0f*REPEAT) / (1024*1024*t);
459                results[nbr].size = size;
460                results[nbr].res = throughput;
461                nbr++;
462            }
463        }
464
465        printf("%9s %9s %9s\n", "size", "MB/s", "MB/s (nc)");
466        for (int i=0 ; i<nbr ; i+=2) {
467            printf("%9d %9ld %9ld\n", results[i].size, (long)results[i].res, (long)results[i+1].res);
468        }
469    } else {
470        printf("memcmp() validation test is running, please wait...\n");
471        fflush(stdout);
472
473        const char* const s = (const char*)src + 1024;
474        const char* const d = (const char*)dst + 1024;
475        int nb = 0;
476        for (int j=0 ; j<32 ; j++) {
477
478            char *curr0 = (char*)src;
479            char *curr1 = (char*)dst;
480            for (int i=0 ; i<MAX_SIZE ; i++) {
481                char c = rand();
482                *curr0++ = c;
483                *curr1++ = c;
484            }
485            if (j) {
486                src[1024 + j] ^= 0xFF;
487            }
488
489
490            for (int size=0 ; size<32 && !nb ; size++) {
491                for (int o=0 ; o<4 ; o++) {
492                    nb += validate_memcmp(s+o, d+o, size);
493                }
494               // memmove((char*)d+1, d, size);
495                for (int o=0 ; o<4 ; o++) {
496                    nb += validate_memcmp(s, d+o, size);
497                }
498            }
499        }
500        if (nb) printf("%d error(s) found\n", nb);
501        else    printf("success!\n");
502    }
503    fflush(stdout);
504    free(dst);
505    free(src);
506    return 0;
507}
508
509#if 0
510#pragma mark -
511#pragma mark strlen
512#endif
513
514int strlen_test(int argc, char** argv)
515{
516    int option = 0;
517    if (argc >= 2) {
518        if (!strcmp(argv[1], "perf"))       option = 0;
519        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "test"))  option = 1;
520        else                                return -1;
521    }
522
523    const int MAX_SIZE = 1024*1024; // 1MB
524    const int CACHED_SPEED_EST = CPU_FREQ_EST*1024*1024; // 195 MB/s
525    const int UNCACHED_SPEED_EST = CPU_FREQ_EST*1024*1024; // 195 MB/s
526    char* str = (char*)calloc(MAX_SIZE+4+8, 1);
527
528    if (option == 0) {
529        printf("strlen() performance test is running, please wait...\n");
530        fflush(stdout);
531        usleep(10000);
532        setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -20);
533
534        static int FAST_SIZES[] = { 1024, DCACHE_SIZE/2, DCACHE_SIZE, DCACHE_SIZE*2, MAX_SIZE };
535        const size_t FAST_SIZES_COUNT = sizeof(FAST_SIZES)/sizeof(FAST_SIZES[0]);
536        struct result_t { int size; float res; };
537        result_t results[FAST_SIZES_COUNT*2];
538        int nbr = 0;
539        int size = 0;
540        for (int i=0 ; ; i++) {
541            if (size_t(i) >= sizeof(FAST_SIZES)/sizeof(FAST_SIZES[0]))
542                break;
543            size = FAST_SIZES[i];
544            if (size > MAX_SIZE) {
545                break;
546            }
547            const int REPEAT = (((size < DCACHE_SIZE) ?
548                        (CACHED_SPEED_EST) : (UNCACHED_SPEED_EST)) / size);
549                                // ~0.5 second per test
550
551            const nsecs_t overhead = loop_overhead(REPEAT);
552
553            for (int j=0 ; j<2 ; j++) {
554                memset(str, 'A', size-1);
555                if (j==0)   preload(str, DCACHE_SIZE*4);   // flush D
556                else        preload(str, size);            // load D
557
558                nsecs_t t = -system_time();
559                size_t count = REPEAT;
560                int c=0;
561                do {
562                    c = strlen(str);
563                    asm volatile (""::"r"(c):"memory");
564                } while (--count);
565                t += system_time() - overhead;
566
567                const float throughput = (size*1000000000.0f*REPEAT) / (1024*1024*t);
568                results[nbr].size = size;
569                results[nbr].res = throughput;
570                nbr++;
571            }
572        }
573
574        printf("%9s %9s %9s\n", "size", "MB/s", "MB/s (cached)");
575        for (int i=0 ; i<nbr ; i+=2) {
576            printf("%9d %9ld %9ld\n", results[i].size, (long)results[i].res, (long)results[i+1].res);
577        }
578    }
579
580    fflush(stdout);
581    free(str);
582    return 0;
583}
584
585
586#if 0
587#pragma mark -
588#pragma mark malloc
589#endif
590
591int malloc_test(int argc, char** argv)
592{
593    bool fill = (argc>=2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "fill"));
594    size_t total = 0;
595    size_t size = 0x40000000;
596    while (size) {
597        void* addr = malloc(size);
598        if (addr == 0) {
599            printf("size = %9lu failed\n", size);
600            size >>= 1;
601        } else {
602            total += size;
603            printf("size = %9lu, addr = %p (total = %9lu (%lu MB))\n",
604                    size, addr, total, total / (1024*1024));
605            if (fill) {
606                printf("filling...\n");
607                fflush(stdout);
608                memset(addr, 0, size);
609            }
610            size = size + size>>1;
611        }
612    }
613    printf("done. allocated %lu MB\n", total / (1024*1024));
614    return 0;
615}
616
617#if 0
618#pragma mark -
619#pragma mark madvise
620#endif
621
622int madvise_test(int argc, char** argv)
623{
624    for (int i=0 ; i<2 ; i++) {
625        size_t size = i==0 ? 4096 : 48*1024*1024; // 48 MB
626        printf("Allocating %lu MB... ", size/(1024*1024)); fflush(stdout);
627        void* addr1 = mmap(0, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
628        printf("%p (%s)\n", addr1, addr1==(void*)-1 ? "failed" : "OK"); fflush(stdout);
629
630        printf("touching %p...\n", addr1); fflush(stdout);
631        memset(addr1, 0x55, size);
632
633        printf("advising DONTNEED...\n"); fflush(stdout);
634        madvise(addr1, size, MADV_DONTNEED);
635
636        printf("reading back %p...\n", addr1); fflush(stdout);
637        if (*(long*)addr1 == 0) {
638            printf("madvise freed some pages\n");
639        } else if (*(long*)addr1 == 0x55555555) {
640            printf("pages are still there\n");
641        } else {
642            printf("getting garbage back\n");
643        }
644
645        printf("Allocating %lu MB... ", size/(1024*1024)); fflush(stdout);
646        void* addr2 = mmap(0, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
647        printf("%p (%s)\n", addr2, addr2==(void*)-1 ? "failed" : "OK"); fflush(stdout);
648
649        printf("touching %p...\n", addr2); fflush(stdout);
650        memset(addr2, 0xAA, size);
651
652        printf("unmap %p ...\n", addr2); fflush(stdout);
653        munmap(addr2, size);
654
655        printf("touching %p...\n", addr1); fflush(stdout);
656        memset(addr1, 0x55, size);
657
658        printf("unmap %p ...\n", addr1); fflush(stdout);
659        munmap(addr1, size);
660    }
661
662    printf("Done\n"); fflush(stdout);
663    return 0;
664}
665
666#if 0
667#pragma mark -
668#pragma mark cpufreq
669#endif
670
671int cpufreq_test(int argc, char** argv)
672{
673    struct timespec res;
674    clock_getres(CLOCK_REALTIME, &res);
675    printf("CLOCK_REALTIME  resolution: %lu ns\n", res.tv_nsec);
676    clock_getres(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &res);
677    printf("CLOCK_MONOTONIC resolution: %lu ns\n", res.tv_nsec);
678    clock_getres(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &res);
679    printf("CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID resolution: %lu ns\n", res.tv_nsec);
680    clock_getres(CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID, &res);
681    printf("CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID  resolution: %lu ns\n", res.tv_nsec);
682
683    if (clock_getres(CLOCK_REALTIME_HR, &res) != 0)
684        printf("CLOCK_REALTIME_HR   resolution: %lu ns\n", res.tv_nsec);
685    else
686        printf("CLOCK_REALTIME_HR   not supported\n");
687
688    if (clock_getres(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_HR, &res) != 0)
689        printf("CLOCK_MONOTONIC_HR  resolution: %lu ns\n", res.tv_nsec);
690    else
691        printf("CLOCK_MONOTONIC_HR  not supported\n");
692
693    printf("\nEstimating the CPU frequency, please wait...\n");
694    fflush(stdout);
695    usleep(10000);
696    setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -20);
697
698    const int LOOP_CYCLES = 1+BRANCH_CYCLE; // 1 cycle + 3 cycles for the branch
699    const size_t REPEAT = CPU_FREQ_EST*1000000;   // ~4 seconds (4cycles/loop)
700    register size_t count = REPEAT;
701    nsecs_t t = system_time();
702    do { // this loop generates 1+3 cycles
703        asm volatile ("":::"memory");
704    } while (--count);
705    t = system_time() - t;
706    const float freq = t ? (1000.0f*float(REPEAT)*LOOP_CYCLES) / t : 0;
707    printf("this CPU frequency: %ld MHz\n", long(freq+0.5f));
708    return 0;
709}
710
711#if 0
712#pragma mark -
713#pragma mark crash_test
714#endif
715
716int crash_test(int argc, char** argv)
717{
718    printf("about to crash...\n");
719    asm volatile(
720        "mov r0,  #0 \n"
721        "mov r1,  #1 \n"
722        "mov r2,  #2 \n"
723        "mov r3,  #3 \n"
724        "ldr r12, [r0] \n"
725    );
726
727    return 0;
728}
729
730int stack_smasher_test(int argc, char** argv)
731{
732    int dummy = 0;
733    printf("corrupting our stack...\n");
734    *(volatile long long*)&dummy = 0;
735    return 0;
736}
737
738// --------------------------------------------------------------------
739
740extern "C" void thumb_function_1(int*p);
741extern "C" void thumb_function_2(int*p);
742extern "C" void arm_function_3(int*p);
743extern "C" void arm_function_2(int*p);
744extern "C" void arm_function_1(int*p);
745
746void arm_function_3(int*p) {
747    int a = 0;
748    thumb_function_2(&a);
749}
750
751void arm_function_2(int*p) {
752    int a = 0;
753    thumb_function_1(&a);
754}
755
756void arm_function_1(int*p) {
757    int a = 0;
758    arm_function_2(&a);
759}
760
761int crawl_test(int argc, char** argv)
762{
763    int a = 0;
764    arm_function_1(&a);
765    return 0;
766}
767
768