1/* 2 * Copyright (C) 1995, 1997 Wolfgang Solfrank 3 * Copyright (c) 1995 Martin Husemann 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by Martin Husemann 16 * and Wolfgang Solfrank. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 23 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 24 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 25 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 26 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 27 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 28 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 29 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 30 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 34#include <sys/cdefs.h> 35#ifndef lint 36__RCSID("$NetBSD: boot.c,v 1.9 2003/07/24 19:25:46 ws Exp $"); 37static const char rcsid[] = 38 "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/boot.c,v 1.4.28.1 2009/04/15 03:14:26 kensmith Exp $"; 39#endif /* not lint */ 40 41#include <stdlib.h> 42#include <string.h> 43#include <ctype.h> 44#include <stdio.h> 45#include <unistd.h> 46 47#include "ext.h" 48#include "fsutil.h" 49 50int 51readboot(dosfs, boot) 52 int dosfs; 53 struct bootblock *boot; 54{ 55 u_char block[DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE]; 56 u_char fsinfo[2 * DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE]; 57 u_char backup[DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE]; 58 int ret = FSOK; 59 60 if (read(dosfs, block, sizeof block) < sizeof block) { 61 perror("could not read boot block"); 62 exit(2); 63 } 64 65 if (block[510] != 0x55 || block[511] != 0xaa) { 66 pfatal("Invalid signature in boot block: %02x%02x", block[511], block[510]); 67 exit(2); 68 } 69 70 memset(boot, 0, sizeof *boot); 71 boot->ValidFat = -1; 72 73 /* decode bios parameter block */ 74 boot->BytesPerSec = block[11] + (block[12] << 8); 75 boot->SecPerClust = block[13]; 76 boot->ResSectors = block[14] + (block[15] << 8); 77 boot->FATs = block[16]; 78 boot->RootDirEnts = block[17] + (block[18] << 8); 79 boot->Sectors = block[19] + (block[20] << 8); 80 boot->Media = block[21]; 81 boot->FATsmall = block[22] + (block[23] << 8); 82 boot->SecPerTrack = block[24] + (block[25] << 8); 83 boot->Heads = block[26] + (block[27] << 8); 84 boot->HiddenSecs = block[28] + (block[29] << 8) + (block[30] << 16) + (block[31] << 24); 85 boot->HugeSectors = block[32] + (block[33] << 8) + (block[34] << 16) + (block[35] << 24); 86 87 boot->FATsecs = boot->FATsmall; 88 89 if (!boot->RootDirEnts) 90 boot->flags |= FAT32; 91 if (boot->flags & FAT32) { 92 boot->FATsecs = block[36] + (block[37] << 8) 93 + (block[38] << 16) + (block[39] << 24); 94 if (block[40] & 0x80) 95 boot->ValidFat = block[40] & 0x0f; 96 97 /* check version number: */ 98 if (block[42] || block[43]) { 99 /* Correct? XXX */ 100 pfatal("Unknown file system version: %x.%x", 101 block[43], block[42]); 102 exit(2); 103 } 104 boot->RootCl = block[44] + (block[45] << 8) 105 + (block[46] << 16) + (block[47] << 24); 106 boot->FSInfo = block[48] + (block[49] << 8); 107 boot->Backup = block[50] + (block[51] << 8); 108 109 if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET) 110 != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec 111 || read(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo) 112 != sizeof fsinfo) { 113 perror("could not read fsinfo block"); 114 return FSFATAL; 115 } 116 if (memcmp(fsinfo, "RRaA", 4) 117 || memcmp(fsinfo + 0x1e4, "rrAa", 4) 118 || fsinfo[0x1fc] 119 || fsinfo[0x1fd] 120 || fsinfo[0x1fe] != 0x55 121 || fsinfo[0x1ff] != 0xaa 122 || fsinfo[0x3fc] 123 || fsinfo[0x3fd] 124 || fsinfo[0x3fe] != 0x55 125 || fsinfo[0x3ff] != 0xaa) { 126 pwarn("Invalid signature in fsinfo block\n"); 127 if (ask(1, "fix")) { 128 memcpy(fsinfo, "RRaA", 4); 129 memcpy(fsinfo + 0x1e4, "rrAa", 4); 130 fsinfo[0x1fc] = fsinfo[0x1fd] = 0; 131 fsinfo[0x1fe] = 0x55; 132 fsinfo[0x1ff] = 0xaa; 133 fsinfo[0x3fc] = fsinfo[0x3fd] = 0; 134 fsinfo[0x3fe] = 0x55; 135 fsinfo[0x3ff] = 0xaa; 136 if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET) 137 != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec 138 || write(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo) 139 != sizeof fsinfo) { 140 perror("Unable to write FSInfo"); 141 return FSFATAL; 142 } 143 ret = FSBOOTMOD; 144 } else 145 boot->FSInfo = 0; 146 } 147 if (boot->FSInfo) { 148 boot->FSFree = fsinfo[0x1e8] + (fsinfo[0x1e9] << 8) 149 + (fsinfo[0x1ea] << 16) 150 + (fsinfo[0x1eb] << 24); 151 boot->FSNext = fsinfo[0x1ec] + (fsinfo[0x1ed] << 8) 152 + (fsinfo[0x1ee] << 16) 153 + (fsinfo[0x1ef] << 24); 154 } 155 156 if (lseek(dosfs, boot->Backup * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET) 157 != boot->Backup * boot->BytesPerSec 158 || read(dosfs, backup, sizeof backup) != sizeof backup) { 159 perror("could not read backup bootblock"); 160 return FSFATAL; 161 } 162 backup[65] = block[65]; /* XXX */ 163 if (memcmp(block + 11, backup + 11, 79)) { 164 char tmp[255]; 165 int i; 166 167 /* 168 * For now, lets not bail out if they don't match 169 * It seems a lot of sdcards are formatted with 170 * the backup either empty or containing garbage. 171 */ 172 173 pwarn("Primary/Backup bootblock miscompare\n"); 174 175 strcpy(tmp, ""); 176 pwarn("Primary:\n"); 177 for (i = 0; i < 79; i++) { 178 char tmp2[16]; 179 snprintf(tmp2, sizeof(tmp2), "%.2x ", block[11 + i]); 180 strcat(tmp, tmp2); 181 } 182 pwarn("%s\n", tmp); 183 184 strcpy(tmp, ""); 185 pwarn("Backup:\n"); 186 for (i = 0; i < 79; i++) { 187 char tmp2[16]; 188 snprintf(tmp2, sizeof(tmp2), "%.2x ", backup[11 + i]); 189 strcat(tmp, tmp2); 190 } 191 pwarn("%s\n", tmp); 192 } 193 /* Check backup FSInfo? XXX */ 194 } 195 196 if (boot->BytesPerSec % DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE != 0) { 197 pfatal("Invalid sector size: %u", boot->BytesPerSec); 198 return FSFATAL; 199 } 200 if (boot->SecPerClust == 0) { 201 pfatal("Invalid cluster size: %u", boot->SecPerClust); 202 return FSFATAL; 203 } 204 if (boot->BytesPerSec == 0) { 205 pfatal("Invalid sector size: %u", boot->BytesPerSec); 206 return FSFATAL; 207 } 208 if (boot->FATs == 0) { 209 pfatal("Invalid number of FATs: %u", boot->FATs); 210 return FSFATAL; 211 } 212 if (boot->Sectors) { 213 boot->HugeSectors = 0; 214 boot->NumSectors = boot->Sectors; 215 } else 216 boot->NumSectors = boot->HugeSectors; 217 218 boot->ClusterOffset = (boot->RootDirEnts * 32 + boot->BytesPerSec - 1) 219 / boot->BytesPerSec 220 + boot->ResSectors 221 + boot->FATs * boot->FATsecs 222 - CLUST_FIRST * boot->SecPerClust; 223 224 boot->NumClusters = (boot->NumSectors - boot->ClusterOffset) / boot->SecPerClust; 225 226 if (boot->flags&FAT32) 227 boot->ClustMask = CLUST32_MASK; 228 else if (boot->NumClusters < (CLUST_RSRVD&CLUST12_MASK)) 229 boot->ClustMask = CLUST12_MASK; 230 else if (boot->NumClusters < (CLUST_RSRVD&CLUST16_MASK)) 231 boot->ClustMask = CLUST16_MASK; 232 else { 233 pfatal("Filesystem too big (%u clusters) for non-FAT32 partition", 234 boot->NumClusters); 235 return FSFATAL; 236 } 237 238 switch (boot->ClustMask) { 239 case CLUST32_MASK: 240 boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) / 4; 241 break; 242 case CLUST16_MASK: 243 boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) / 2; 244 break; 245 default: 246 boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec * 2) / 3; 247 break; 248 } 249 250 if (boot->NumFatEntries < boot->NumClusters) { 251 pfatal("FAT size too small, %u entries won't fit into %u sectors\n", 252 boot->NumClusters, boot->FATsecs); 253 return FSFATAL; 254 } 255 boot->ClusterSize = boot->BytesPerSec * boot->SecPerClust; 256 257 boot->NumFiles = 1; 258 boot->NumFree = 0; 259 260 return ret; 261} 262 263int 264writefsinfo(dosfs, boot) 265 int dosfs; 266 struct bootblock *boot; 267{ 268 u_char fsinfo[2 * DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE]; 269 270 if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET) 271 != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec 272 || read(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo) != sizeof fsinfo) { 273 perror("could not read fsinfo block"); 274 return FSFATAL; 275 } 276 fsinfo[0x1e8] = (u_char)boot->FSFree; 277 fsinfo[0x1e9] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 8); 278 fsinfo[0x1ea] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 16); 279 fsinfo[0x1eb] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 24); 280 fsinfo[0x1ec] = (u_char)boot->FSNext; 281 fsinfo[0x1ed] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 8); 282 fsinfo[0x1ee] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 16); 283 fsinfo[0x1ef] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 24); 284 if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET) 285 != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec 286 || write(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo) 287 != sizeof fsinfo) { 288 perror("Unable to write FSInfo"); 289 return FSFATAL; 290 } 291 /* 292 * Technically, we should return FSBOOTMOD here. 293 * 294 * However, since Win95 OSR2 (the first M$ OS that has 295 * support for FAT32) doesn't maintain the FSINFO block 296 * correctly, it has to be fixed pretty often. 297 * 298 * Therefor, we handle the FSINFO block only informally, 299 * fixing it if necessary, but otherwise ignoring the 300 * fact that it was incorrect. 301 */ 302 return 0; 303} 304