SignedBytes.java revision bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dc
1bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor/*
2bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * Copyright (C) 2009 Google Inc.
3bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor *
4bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor *
8bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor *
10bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * limitations under the License.
15bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor */
16bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
17bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnorpackage com.google.common.primitives;
18bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
19bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnorimport com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
20bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
21bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnorimport java.util.Comparator;
22bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
23bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnorimport static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
24bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnorimport static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
25bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
26bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor/**
27bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * Static utility methods pertaining to {@code byte} primitives that
28bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * interpret values as signed. The corresponding methods that treat the values
29bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * as unsigned are found in {@link UnsignedBytes}, and the methods for which
30bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * signedness is not an issue are in {@link Bytes}.
31bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor *
32bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * @author Kevin Bourrillion
33bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor * @since 2009.09.15 <b>tentative</b>
34bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor */
35bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor@GwtCompatible
36bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnorpublic final class SignedBytes {
37bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  private SignedBytes() {}
38bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
39bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
40bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Returns the {@code byte} value that is equal to {@code value}, if possible.
41bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
42bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param value any value in the range of the {@code byte} type
43bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @return the {@code byte} value that equals {@code value}
44bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code value} is greater than {@link
45bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     Byte#MAX_VALUE} or less than {@link Byte#MIN_VALUE}
46bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
47bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static byte checkedCast(long value) {
48bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    byte result = (byte) value;
49bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    checkArgument(result == value, "Out of range: %s", value);
50bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return result;
51bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
52bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
53bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
54bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Returns the {@code byte} nearest in value to {@code value}.
55bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
56bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param value any {@code long} value
57bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @return the same value cast to {@code byte} if it is in the range of the
58bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     {@code byte} type, {@link Byte#MAX_VALUE} if it is too large,
59bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     or {@link Byte#MIN_VALUE} if it is too small
60bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
61bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static byte saturatedCast(long value) {
62bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    if (value > Byte.MAX_VALUE) {
63bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      return Byte.MAX_VALUE;
64bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
65bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    if (value < Byte.MIN_VALUE) {
66bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      return Byte.MIN_VALUE;
67bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
68bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return (byte) value;
69bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
70bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
71bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
72bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Compares the two specified {@code byte} values. The sign of the value
73bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * returned is the same as that of {@code ((Byte) a).compareTo(b)}.
74bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
75bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param a the first {@code byte} to compare
76bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param b the second {@code byte} to compare
77bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @return a negative value if {@code a} is less than {@code b}; a positive
78bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     value if {@code a} is greater than {@code b}; or zero if they are equal
79bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
80bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static int compare(byte a, byte b) {
81bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return a - b; // safe due to restricted range
82bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
83bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
84bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
85bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Returns the least value present in {@code array}.
86bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
87bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param array a <i>nonempty</i> array of {@code byte} values
88bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @return the value present in {@code array} that is less than or equal to
89bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     every other value in the array
90bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code array} is empty
91bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
92bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static byte min(byte... array) {
93bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    checkArgument(array.length > 0);
94bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    byte min = array[0];
95bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
96bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      if (array[i] < min) {
97bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor        min = array[i];
98bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      }
99bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
100bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return min;
101bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
102bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
103bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
104bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Returns the greatest value present in {@code array}.
105bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
106bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param array a <i>nonempty</i> array of {@code byte} values
107bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @return the value present in {@code array} that is greater than or equal to
108bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     every other value in the array
109bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code array} is empty
110bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
111bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static byte max(byte... array) {
112bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    checkArgument(array.length > 0);
113bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    byte max = array[0];
114bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
115bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      if (array[i] > max) {
116bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor        max = array[i];
117bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      }
118bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
119bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return max;
120bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
121bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
122bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
123bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Returns a string containing the supplied {@code byte} values separated
124bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * by {@code separator}. For example, {@code join(":", 0x01, 0x02, -0x01)}
125bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * returns the string {@code "1:2:-1"}.
126bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
127bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param separator the text that should appear between consecutive values in
128bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     the resulting string (but not at the start or end)
129bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @param array an array of {@code byte} values, possibly empty
130bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
131bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static String join(String separator, byte... array) {
132bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    checkNotNull(separator);
133bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    if (array.length == 0) {
134bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      return "";
135bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
136bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
137bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    // For pre-sizing a builder, just get the right order of magnitude
138bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(array.length * 5);
139bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    builder.append(array[0]);
140bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
141bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      builder.append(separator).append(array[i]);
142bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
143bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return builder.toString();
144bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
145bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
146bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  /**
147bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Returns a comparator that compares two {@code byte} arrays
148bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * lexicographically. That is, it compares, using {@link
149bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * #compare(byte, byte)}), the first pair of values that follow any common
150bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * prefix, or when one array is a prefix of the other, treats the shorter
151bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * array as the lesser. For example, {@code [] < [0x01] < [0x01, 0x80] <
152bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * [0x01, 0x7F] < [0x02]}. Values are treated as signed.
153bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
154bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * <p>The returned comparator is inconsistent with {@link
155bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * Object#equals(Object)} (since arrays support only identity equality), but
156bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * it is consistent with {@link java.util.Arrays#equals(byte[], byte[])}.
157bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *
158bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicographical_order">
159bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   *     Lexicographical order</a> article at Wikipedia
160bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   * @since 2010.01.04 <b>tentative</b>
161bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor   */
162bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  public static Comparator<byte[]> lexicographicalComparator() {
163bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    return LexicographicalComparator.INSTANCE;
164bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
165bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
166bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  private enum LexicographicalComparator implements Comparator<byte[]> {
167bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    INSTANCE;
168bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor
169bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    public int compare(byte[] left, byte[] right) {
170bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      int minLength = Math.min(left.length, right.length);
171bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      for (int i = 0; i < minLength; i++) {
172bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor        int result = SignedBytes.compare(left[i], right[i]);
173bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor        if (result != 0) {
174bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor          return result;
175bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor        }
176bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      }
177bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor      return left.length - right.length;
178bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor    }
179bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor  }
180bfe2dd089341dcb4c1fb65a5b6b077ad0ebbf6dcDan Egnor}
181