usb_osx.c revision 5ae3f93f3bafbeb1fc9a3324475c58c725749c5e 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
12 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13 *    distribution.
14 *
15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
16 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
17 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
18 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
19 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
21 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
22 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
23 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
24 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
25 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26 * SUCH DAMAGE.
27 */
28
29#include <stdio.h>
30#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
31#include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>
32#include <IOKit/IOCFPlugIn.h>
33#include <IOKit/usb/IOUSBLib.h>
34#include <IOKit/IOMessage.h>
35#include <mach/mach_port.h>
36
37#include "usb.h"
38
39
40/*
41 * Internal helper functions and associated definitions.
42 */
43
44#if TRACE_USB
45#define WARN(x...) fprintf(stderr, x)
46#else
47#define WARN(x...)
48#endif
49
50#define ERR(x...) fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: " x)
51
52/** An open usb device */
53struct usb_handle
54{
55    int success;
56    ifc_match_func callback;
57    usb_ifc_info info;
58
59    UInt8 bulkIn;
60    UInt8 bulkOut;
61    IOUSBInterfaceInterface190 **interface;
62    unsigned int zero_mask;
63};
64
65/** Try out all the interfaces and see if there's a match. Returns 0 on
66 * success, -1 on failure. */
67static int try_interfaces(IOUSBDeviceInterface182 **dev, usb_handle *handle) {
68    IOReturn kr;
69    IOUSBFindInterfaceRequest request;
70    io_iterator_t iterator;
71    io_service_t usbInterface;
72    IOCFPlugInInterface **plugInInterface;
73    IOUSBInterfaceInterface190 **interface = NULL;
74    HRESULT result;
75    SInt32 score;
76    UInt8 interfaceNumEndpoints;
77    UInt8 endpoint;
78    UInt8 configuration;
79
80    // Placing the constant KIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare into the following
81    // fields of the IOUSBFindInterfaceRequest structure will allow us to
82    // find all of the interfaces
83    request.bInterfaceClass = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
84    request.bInterfaceSubClass = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
85    request.bInterfaceProtocol = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
86    request.bAlternateSetting = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
87
88    // SetConfiguration will kill an existing UMS connection, so let's
89    // not do this if not necessary.
90    configuration = 0;
91    (*dev)->GetConfiguration(dev, &configuration);
92    if (configuration != 1)
93        (*dev)->SetConfiguration(dev, 1);
94
95    // Get an iterator for the interfaces on the device
96    kr = (*dev)->CreateInterfaceIterator(dev, &request, &iterator);
97
98    if (kr != 0) {
99        ERR("Couldn't create a device interface iterator: (%08x)\n", kr);
100        return -1;
101    }
102
103    while ((usbInterface = IOIteratorNext(iterator))) {
104        // Create an intermediate plugin
105        kr = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService(
106                usbInterface,
107                kIOUSBInterfaceUserClientTypeID,
108                kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID,
109                &plugInInterface,
110                &score);
111
112        // No longer need the usbInterface object now that we have the plugin
113        (void) IOObjectRelease(usbInterface);
114
115        if ((kr != 0) || (!plugInInterface)) {
116            WARN("Unable to create plugin (%08x)\n", kr);
117            continue;
118        }
119
120        // Now create the interface interface for the interface
121        result = (*plugInInterface)->QueryInterface(
122                plugInInterface,
123                CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID),
124                (LPVOID) &interface);
125
126        // No longer need the intermediate plugin
127        (*plugInInterface)->Release(plugInInterface);
128
129        if (result || !interface) {
130            ERR("Couldn't create interface interface: (%08x)\n",
131               (unsigned int) result);
132            // continue so we can try the next interface
133            continue;
134        }
135
136        /*
137         * Now open the interface. This will cause the pipes
138         * associated with the endpoints in the interface descriptor
139         * to be instantiated.
140         */
141
142        /*
143         * TODO: Earlier comments here indicated that it was a bad
144         * idea to just open any interface, because opening "mass
145         * storage endpoints" is bad. However, the only way to find
146         * out if an interface does bulk in or out is to open it, and
147         * the framework in this application wants to be told about
148         * bulk in / out before deciding whether it actually wants to
149         * use the interface. Maybe something needs to be done about
150         * this situation.
151         */
152
153        kr = (*interface)->USBInterfaceOpen(interface);
154
155        if (kr != 0) {
156            WARN("Could not open interface: (%08x)\n", kr);
157            (void) (*interface)->Release(interface);
158            // continue so we can try the next interface
159            continue;
160        }
161
162        // Get the number of endpoints associated with this interface.
163        kr = (*interface)->GetNumEndpoints(interface, &interfaceNumEndpoints);
164
165        if (kr != 0) {
166            ERR("Unable to get number of endpoints: (%08x)\n", kr);
167            goto next_interface;
168        }
169
170        // Get interface class, subclass and protocol
171        if ((*interface)->GetInterfaceClass(interface, &handle->info.ifc_class) != 0 ||
172            (*interface)->GetInterfaceSubClass(interface, &handle->info.ifc_subclass) != 0 ||
173            (*interface)->GetInterfaceProtocol(interface, &handle->info.ifc_protocol) != 0)
174        {
175            ERR("Unable to get interface class, subclass and protocol\n");
176            goto next_interface;
177        }
178
179        handle->info.has_bulk_in = 0;
180        handle->info.has_bulk_out = 0;
181
182        // Iterate over the endpoints for this interface and see if there
183        // are any that do bulk in/out.
184        for (endpoint = 0; endpoint <= interfaceNumEndpoints; endpoint++) {
185            UInt8   transferType;
186            UInt16  maxPacketSize;
187            UInt8   interval;
188            UInt8   number;
189            UInt8   direction;
190
191            kr = (*interface)->GetPipeProperties(interface, endpoint,
192                    &direction,
193                    &number, &transferType, &maxPacketSize, &interval);
194
195            if (kr == 0) {
196                if (transferType != kUSBBulk) {
197                    continue;
198                }
199
200                if (direction == kUSBIn) {
201                    handle->info.has_bulk_in = 1;
202                    handle->bulkIn = endpoint;
203                } else if (direction == kUSBOut) {
204                    handle->info.has_bulk_out = 1;
205                    handle->bulkOut = endpoint;
206                }
207
208                if (handle->info.ifc_protocol == 0x01) {
209                    handle->zero_mask = maxPacketSize - 1;
210                }
211            } else {
212                ERR("could not get pipe properties\n");
213            }
214
215            if (handle->info.has_bulk_in && handle->info.has_bulk_out) {
216                break;
217            }
218        }
219
220        if (handle->callback(&handle->info) == 0) {
221            handle->interface = interface;
222            handle->success = 1;
223
224            /*
225             * Clear both the endpoints, because it has been observed
226             * that the Mac may otherwise (incorrectly) start out with
227             * them in bad state.
228             */
229
230            if (handle->info.has_bulk_in) {
231                kr = (*interface)->ClearPipeStallBothEnds(interface,
232                        handle->bulkIn);
233                if (kr != 0) {
234                    ERR("could not clear input pipe; result %x, ignoring...\n", kr);
235                }
236            }
237
238            if (handle->info.has_bulk_out) {
239                kr = (*interface)->ClearPipeStallBothEnds(interface,
240                        handle->bulkOut);
241                if (kr != 0) {
242                    ERR("could not clear output pipe; result %x, ignoring....\n", kr);
243                }
244            }
245
246            return 0;
247        }
248
249next_interface:
250        (*interface)->USBInterfaceClose(interface);
251        (*interface)->Release(interface);
252    }
253
254    return 0;
255}
256
257/** Try out the given device and see if there's a match. Returns 0 on
258 * success, -1 on failure.
259 */
260static int try_device(io_service_t device, usb_handle *handle) {
261    kern_return_t kr;
262    IOCFPlugInInterface **plugin = NULL;
263    IOUSBDeviceInterface182 **dev = NULL;
264    SInt32 score;
265    HRESULT result;
266    UInt8 serialIndex;
267
268    // Create an intermediate plugin.
269    kr = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService(device,
270            kIOUSBDeviceUserClientTypeID,
271            kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID,
272            &plugin, &score);
273
274    if ((kr != 0) || (plugin == NULL)) {
275        ERR("Unable to create a plug-in (%08x)\n", kr);
276        goto error;
277    }
278
279    // Now create the device interface.
280    result = (*plugin)->QueryInterface(plugin,
281            CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID), (LPVOID) &dev);
282    if ((result != 0) || (dev == NULL)) {
283        ERR("Couldn't create a device interface (%08x)\n", (int) result);
284        goto error;
285    }
286
287    /*
288     * We don't need the intermediate interface after the device interface
289     * is created.
290     */
291    IODestroyPlugInInterface(plugin);
292
293    // So, we have a device, finally. Grab its vitals.
294
295    kr = (*dev)->GetDeviceVendor(dev, &handle->info.dev_vendor);
296    if (kr != 0) {
297        ERR("GetDeviceVendor");
298        goto error;
299    }
300
301    kr = (*dev)->GetDeviceProduct(dev, &handle->info.dev_product);
302    if (kr != 0) {
303        ERR("GetDeviceProduct");
304        goto error;
305    }
306
307    kr = (*dev)->GetDeviceClass(dev, &handle->info.dev_class);
308    if (kr != 0) {
309        ERR("GetDeviceClass");
310        goto error;
311    }
312
313    kr = (*dev)->GetDeviceSubClass(dev, &handle->info.dev_subclass);
314    if (kr != 0) {
315        ERR("GetDeviceSubClass");
316        goto error;
317    }
318
319    kr = (*dev)->GetDeviceProtocol(dev, &handle->info.dev_protocol);
320    if (kr != 0) {
321        ERR("GetDeviceProtocol");
322        goto error;
323    }
324
325    kr = (*dev)->USBGetSerialNumberStringIndex(dev, &serialIndex);
326
327    if (serialIndex > 0) {
328        IOUSBDevRequest req;
329        UInt16  buffer[256];
330
331        req.bmRequestType = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn, kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice);
332        req.bRequest = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
333        req.wValue = (kUSBStringDesc << 8) | serialIndex;
334        //language ID (en-us) for serial number string
335        req.wIndex = 0x0409;
336        req.pData = buffer;
337        req.wLength = sizeof(buffer);
338        kr = (*dev)->DeviceRequest(dev, &req);
339
340        if (kr == kIOReturnSuccess && req.wLenDone > 0) {
341            int i, count;
342
343            // skip first word, and copy the rest to the serial string, changing shorts to bytes.
344            count = (req.wLenDone - 1) / 2;
345            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
346              handle->info.serial_number[i] = buffer[i + 1];
347            handle->info.serial_number[i] = 0;
348        }
349    } else {
350        // device has no serial number
351        handle->info.serial_number[0] = 0;
352    }
353    handle->info.writable = 1;
354
355    if (try_interfaces(dev, handle)) {
356        goto error;
357    }
358
359    (*dev)->Release(dev);
360    return 0;
361
362    error:
363
364    if (dev != NULL) {
365        (*dev)->Release(dev);
366    }
367
368    return -1;
369}
370
371
372/** Initializes the USB system. Returns 0 on success, -1 on error. */
373static int init_usb(ifc_match_func callback, usb_handle **handle) {
374    int ret = -1;
375    CFMutableDictionaryRef matchingDict;
376    kern_return_t result;
377    io_iterator_t iterator;
378    usb_handle h;
379
380    h.success = 0;
381    h.callback = callback;
382
383    /*
384     * Create our matching dictionary to find appropriate devices.
385     * IOServiceAddMatchingNotification consumes the reference, so we
386     * do not need to release it.
387     */
388    matchingDict = IOServiceMatching(kIOUSBDeviceClassName);
389
390    if (matchingDict == NULL) {
391        ERR("Couldn't create USB matching dictionary.\n");
392        return -1;
393    }
394
395    result = IOServiceGetMatchingServices(
396            kIOMasterPortDefault, matchingDict, &iterator);
397
398    if (result != 0) {
399        ERR("Could not create iterator.");
400        return -1;
401    }
402
403    for (;;) {
404        if (! IOIteratorIsValid(iterator)) {
405            /*
406             * Apple documentation advises resetting the iterator if
407             * it should become invalid during iteration.
408             */
409            IOIteratorReset(iterator);
410            continue;
411        }
412
413        io_service_t device = IOIteratorNext(iterator);
414
415        if (device == 0) {
416            break;
417        }
418
419        if (try_device(device, &h) != 0) {
420            IOObjectRelease(device);
421            ret = -1;
422            break;
423        }
424
425        if (h.success) {
426            *handle = calloc(1, sizeof(usb_handle));
427            memcpy(*handle, &h, sizeof(usb_handle));
428            ret = 0;
429            break;
430        }
431
432        IOObjectRelease(device);
433    }
434
435    IOObjectRelease(iterator);
436
437    return ret;
438}
439
440
441
442/*
443 * Definitions of this file's public functions.
444 */
445
446usb_handle *usb_open(ifc_match_func callback) {
447    usb_handle *handle = NULL;
448
449    if (init_usb(callback, &handle) < 0) {
450        /* Something went wrong initializing USB. */
451        return NULL;
452    }
453
454    return handle;
455}
456
457int usb_close(usb_handle *h) {
458    /* TODO: Something better here? */
459    return 0;
460}
461
462int usb_read(usb_handle *h, void *data, int len) {
463    IOReturn result;
464    UInt32 numBytes = len;
465
466    if (len == 0) {
467        return 0;
468    }
469
470    if (h == NULL) {
471        return -1;
472    }
473
474    if (h->interface == NULL) {
475        ERR("usb_read interface was null\n");
476        return -1;
477    }
478
479    if (h->bulkIn == 0) {
480        ERR("bulkIn endpoint not assigned\n");
481        return -1;
482    }
483
484    result = (*h->interface)->ReadPipe(
485            h->interface, h->bulkIn, data, &numBytes);
486
487    if (result == 0) {
488        return (int) numBytes;
489    } else {
490        ERR("usb_read failed with status %x\n", result);
491    }
492
493    return -1;
494}
495
496int usb_write(usb_handle *h, const void *data, int len) {
497    IOReturn result;
498
499    if (len == 0) {
500        return 0;
501    }
502
503    if (h == NULL) {
504        return -1;
505    }
506
507    if (h->interface == NULL) {
508        ERR("usb_write interface was null\n");
509        return -1;
510    }
511
512    if (h->bulkOut == 0) {
513        ERR("bulkOut endpoint not assigned\n");
514        return -1;
515    }
516
517#if 0
518    result = (*h->interface)->WritePipe(
519            h->interface, h->bulkOut, (void *)data, len);
520#else
521    /* Attempt to work around crashes in the USB driver that may be caused
522     * by trying to write too much data at once.  The kernel IOCopyMapper
523     * panics if a single iovmAlloc needs more than half of its mapper pages.
524     */
525    const int maxLenToSend = 1048576; // 1 MiB
526    int lenRemaining = len;
527    result = 0;
528    while (lenRemaining > 0) {
529        int lenToSend = lenRemaining > maxLenToSend
530            ? maxLenToSend : lenRemaining;
531
532        result = (*h->interface)->WritePipe(
533                h->interface, h->bulkOut, (void *)data, lenToSend);
534        if (result != 0) break;
535
536        lenRemaining -= lenToSend;
537        data = (const char*)data + lenToSend;
538    }
539#endif
540
541    #if 0
542    if ((result == 0) && (h->zero_mask)) {
543        /* we need 0-markers and our transfer */
544        if(!(len & h->zero_mask)) {
545            result = (*h->interface)->WritePipe(
546                    h->interface, h->bulkOut, (void *)data, 0);
547        }
548    }
549    #endif
550
551    if (result != 0) {
552        ERR("usb_write failed with status %x\n", result);
553        return -1;
554    }
555
556    return len;
557}
558