1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17package android.net.nsd;
18
19import android.annotation.SdkConstant;
20import android.annotation.SdkConstant.SdkConstantType;
21import android.content.Context;
22import android.os.Binder;
23import android.os.IBinder;
24import android.os.Handler;
25import android.os.HandlerThread;
26import android.os.Looper;
27import android.os.Message;
28import android.os.RemoteException;
29import android.os.Messenger;
30import android.text.TextUtils;
31import android.util.Log;
32import android.util.SparseArray;
33
34import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
35
36import com.android.internal.util.AsyncChannel;
37import com.android.internal.util.Protocol;
38
39/**
40 * The Network Service Discovery Manager class provides the API to discover services
41 * on a network. As an example, if device A and device B are connected over a Wi-Fi
42 * network, a game registered on device A can be discovered by a game on device
43 * B. Another example use case is an application discovering printers on the network.
44 *
45 * <p> The API currently supports DNS based service discovery and discovery is currently
46 * limited to a local network over Multicast DNS. DNS service discovery is described at
47 * http://files.dns-sd.org/draft-cheshire-dnsext-dns-sd.txt
48 *
49 * <p> The API is asynchronous and responses to requests from an application are on listener
50 * callbacks on a seperate thread.
51 *
52 * <p> There are three main operations the API supports - registration, discovery and resolution.
53 * <pre>
54 *                          Application start
55 *                                 |
56 *                                 |
57 *                                 |                  onServiceRegistered()
58 *                     Register any local services  /
59 *                      to be advertised with       \
60 *                       registerService()            onRegistrationFailed()
61 *                                 |
62 *                                 |
63 *                          discoverServices()
64 *                                 |
65 *                      Maintain a list to track
66 *                        discovered services
67 *                                 |
68 *                                 |--------->
69 *                                 |          |
70 *                                 |      onServiceFound()
71 *                                 |          |
72 *                                 |     add service to list
73 *                                 |          |
74 *                                 |<----------
75 *                                 |
76 *                                 |--------->
77 *                                 |          |
78 *                                 |      onServiceLost()
79 *                                 |          |
80 *                                 |   remove service from list
81 *                                 |          |
82 *                                 |<----------
83 *                                 |
84 *                                 |
85 *                                 | Connect to a service
86 *                                 | from list ?
87 *                                 |
88 *                          resolveService()
89 *                                 |
90 *                         onServiceResolved()
91 *                                 |
92 *                     Establish connection to service
93 *                     with the host and port information
94 *
95 * </pre>
96 * An application that needs to advertise itself over a network for other applications to
97 * discover it can do so with a call to {@link #registerService}. If Example is a http based
98 * application that can provide HTML data to peer services, it can register a name "Example"
99 * with service type "_http._tcp". A successful registration is notified with a callback to
100 * {@link RegistrationListener#onServiceRegistered} and a failure to register is notified
101 * over {@link RegistrationListener#onRegistrationFailed}
102 *
103 * <p> A peer application looking for http services can initiate a discovery for "_http._tcp"
104 * with a call to {@link #discoverServices}. A service found is notified with a callback
105 * to {@link DiscoveryListener#onServiceFound} and a service lost is notified on
106 * {@link DiscoveryListener#onServiceLost}.
107 *
108 * <p> Once the peer application discovers the "Example" http srevice, and needs to receive data
109 * from the "Example" application, it can initiate a resolve with {@link #resolveService} to
110 * resolve the host and port details for the purpose of establishing a connection. A successful
111 * resolve is notified on {@link ResolveListener#onServiceResolved} and a failure is notified
112 * on {@link ResolveListener#onResolveFailed}.
113 *
114 * Applications can reserve for a service type at
115 * http://www.iana.org/form/ports-service. Existing services can be found at
116 * http://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xml
117 *
118 * Get an instance of this class by calling {@link android.content.Context#getSystemService(String)
119 * Context.getSystemService(Context.NSD_SERVICE)}.
120 *
121 * {@see NsdServiceInfo}
122 */
123public final class NsdManager {
124    private static final String TAG = "NsdManager";
125    INsdManager mService;
126
127    /**
128     * Broadcast intent action to indicate whether network service discovery is
129     * enabled or disabled. An extra {@link #EXTRA_NSD_STATE} provides the state
130     * information as int.
131     *
132     * @see #EXTRA_NSD_STATE
133     */
134    @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
135    public static final String ACTION_NSD_STATE_CHANGED =
136        "android.net.nsd.STATE_CHANGED";
137
138    /**
139     * The lookup key for an int that indicates whether network service discovery is enabled
140     * or disabled. Retrieve it with {@link android.content.Intent#getIntExtra(String,int)}.
141     *
142     * @see #NSD_STATE_DISABLED
143     * @see #NSD_STATE_ENABLED
144     */
145    public static final String EXTRA_NSD_STATE = "nsd_state";
146
147    /**
148     * Network service discovery is disabled
149     *
150     * @see #ACTION_NSD_STATE_CHANGED
151     */
152    public static final int NSD_STATE_DISABLED = 1;
153
154    /**
155     * Network service discovery is enabled
156     *
157     * @see #ACTION_NSD_STATE_CHANGED
158     */
159    public static final int NSD_STATE_ENABLED = 2;
160
161    private static final int BASE = Protocol.BASE_NSD_MANAGER;
162
163    /** @hide */
164    public static final int DISCOVER_SERVICES                       = BASE + 1;
165    /** @hide */
166    public static final int DISCOVER_SERVICES_STARTED               = BASE + 2;
167    /** @hide */
168    public static final int DISCOVER_SERVICES_FAILED                = BASE + 3;
169    /** @hide */
170    public static final int SERVICE_FOUND                           = BASE + 4;
171    /** @hide */
172    public static final int SERVICE_LOST                            = BASE + 5;
173
174    /** @hide */
175    public static final int STOP_DISCOVERY                          = BASE + 6;
176    /** @hide */
177    public static final int STOP_DISCOVERY_FAILED                   = BASE + 7;
178    /** @hide */
179    public static final int STOP_DISCOVERY_SUCCEEDED                = BASE + 8;
180
181    /** @hide */
182    public static final int REGISTER_SERVICE                        = BASE + 9;
183    /** @hide */
184    public static final int REGISTER_SERVICE_FAILED                 = BASE + 10;
185    /** @hide */
186    public static final int REGISTER_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED              = BASE + 11;
187
188    /** @hide */
189    public static final int UNREGISTER_SERVICE                      = BASE + 12;
190    /** @hide */
191    public static final int UNREGISTER_SERVICE_FAILED               = BASE + 13;
192    /** @hide */
193    public static final int UNREGISTER_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED            = BASE + 14;
194
195    /** @hide */
196    public static final int RESOLVE_SERVICE                         = BASE + 18;
197    /** @hide */
198    public static final int RESOLVE_SERVICE_FAILED                  = BASE + 19;
199    /** @hide */
200    public static final int RESOLVE_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED               = BASE + 20;
201
202    /** @hide */
203    public static final int ENABLE                                  = BASE + 24;
204    /** @hide */
205    public static final int DISABLE                                 = BASE + 25;
206
207    /** @hide */
208    public static final int NATIVE_DAEMON_EVENT                     = BASE + 26;
209
210    /** Dns based service discovery protocol */
211    public static final int PROTOCOL_DNS_SD = 0x0001;
212
213    private Context mContext;
214
215    private static final int INVALID_LISTENER_KEY = 0;
216    private int mListenerKey = 1;
217    private final SparseArray mListenerMap = new SparseArray();
218    private final SparseArray<NsdServiceInfo> mServiceMap = new SparseArray<NsdServiceInfo>();
219    private final Object mMapLock = new Object();
220
221    private final AsyncChannel mAsyncChannel = new AsyncChannel();
222    private ServiceHandler mHandler;
223    private final CountDownLatch mConnected = new CountDownLatch(1);
224
225    /**
226     * Create a new Nsd instance. Applications use
227     * {@link android.content.Context#getSystemService Context.getSystemService()} to retrieve
228     * {@link android.content.Context#NSD_SERVICE Context.NSD_SERVICE}.
229     * @param service the Binder interface
230     * @hide - hide this because it takes in a parameter of type INsdManager, which
231     * is a system private class.
232     */
233    public NsdManager(Context context, INsdManager service) {
234        mService = service;
235        mContext = context;
236        init();
237    }
238
239    /**
240     * Failures are passed with {@link RegistrationListener#onRegistrationFailed},
241     * {@link RegistrationListener#onUnregistrationFailed},
242     * {@link DiscoveryListener#onStartDiscoveryFailed},
243     * {@link DiscoveryListener#onStopDiscoveryFailed} or {@link ResolveListener#onResolveFailed}.
244     *
245     * Indicates that the operation failed due to an internal error.
246     */
247    public static final int FAILURE_INTERNAL_ERROR               = 0;
248
249    /**
250     * Indicates that the operation failed because it is already active.
251     */
252    public static final int FAILURE_ALREADY_ACTIVE              = 3;
253
254    /**
255     * Indicates that the operation failed because the maximum outstanding
256     * requests from the applications have reached.
257     */
258    public static final int FAILURE_MAX_LIMIT                   = 4;
259
260    /** Interface for callback invocation for service discovery */
261    public interface DiscoveryListener {
262
263        public void onStartDiscoveryFailed(String serviceType, int errorCode);
264
265        public void onStopDiscoveryFailed(String serviceType, int errorCode);
266
267        public void onDiscoveryStarted(String serviceType);
268
269        public void onDiscoveryStopped(String serviceType);
270
271        public void onServiceFound(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo);
272
273        public void onServiceLost(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo);
274
275    }
276
277    /** Interface for callback invocation for service registration */
278    public interface RegistrationListener {
279
280        public void onRegistrationFailed(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo, int errorCode);
281
282        public void onUnregistrationFailed(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo, int errorCode);
283
284        public void onServiceRegistered(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo);
285
286        public void onServiceUnregistered(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo);
287    }
288
289    /** Interface for callback invocation for service resolution */
290    public interface ResolveListener {
291
292        public void onResolveFailed(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo, int errorCode);
293
294        public void onServiceResolved(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo);
295    }
296
297    private class ServiceHandler extends Handler {
298        ServiceHandler(Looper looper) {
299            super(looper);
300        }
301
302        @Override
303        public void handleMessage(Message message) {
304            Object listener = getListener(message.arg2);
305            boolean listenerRemove = true;
306            switch (message.what) {
307                case AsyncChannel.CMD_CHANNEL_HALF_CONNECTED:
308                    mAsyncChannel.sendMessage(AsyncChannel.CMD_CHANNEL_FULL_CONNECTION);
309                    break;
310                case AsyncChannel.CMD_CHANNEL_FULLY_CONNECTED:
311                    mConnected.countDown();
312                    break;
313                case AsyncChannel.CMD_CHANNEL_DISCONNECTED:
314                    Log.e(TAG, "Channel lost");
315                    break;
316                case DISCOVER_SERVICES_STARTED:
317                    String s = ((NsdServiceInfo) message.obj).getServiceType();
318                    ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onDiscoveryStarted(s);
319                    // Keep listener until stop discovery
320                    listenerRemove = false;
321                    break;
322                case DISCOVER_SERVICES_FAILED:
323                    ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onStartDiscoveryFailed(
324                            getNsdService(message.arg2).getServiceType(), message.arg1);
325                    break;
326                case SERVICE_FOUND:
327                    ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onServiceFound((NsdServiceInfo) message.obj);
328                    // Keep listener until stop discovery
329                    listenerRemove = false;
330                    break;
331                case SERVICE_LOST:
332                    ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onServiceLost((NsdServiceInfo) message.obj);
333                    // Keep listener until stop discovery
334                    listenerRemove = false;
335                    break;
336                case STOP_DISCOVERY_FAILED:
337                    ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onStopDiscoveryFailed(
338                            getNsdService(message.arg2).getServiceType(), message.arg1);
339                    break;
340                case STOP_DISCOVERY_SUCCEEDED:
341                    ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onDiscoveryStopped(
342                            getNsdService(message.arg2).getServiceType());
343                    break;
344                case REGISTER_SERVICE_FAILED:
345                    ((RegistrationListener) listener).onRegistrationFailed(
346                            getNsdService(message.arg2), message.arg1);
347                    break;
348                case REGISTER_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED:
349                    ((RegistrationListener) listener).onServiceRegistered(
350                            (NsdServiceInfo) message.obj);
351                    // Keep listener until unregister
352                    listenerRemove = false;
353                    break;
354                case UNREGISTER_SERVICE_FAILED:
355                    ((RegistrationListener) listener).onUnregistrationFailed(
356                            getNsdService(message.arg2), message.arg1);
357                    break;
358                case UNREGISTER_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED:
359                    ((RegistrationListener) listener).onServiceUnregistered(
360                            getNsdService(message.arg2));
361                    break;
362                case RESOLVE_SERVICE_FAILED:
363                    ((ResolveListener) listener).onResolveFailed(
364                            getNsdService(message.arg2), message.arg1);
365                    break;
366                case RESOLVE_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED:
367                    ((ResolveListener) listener).onServiceResolved((NsdServiceInfo) message.obj);
368                    break;
369                default:
370                    Log.d(TAG, "Ignored " + message);
371                    break;
372            }
373            if (listenerRemove) {
374                removeListener(message.arg2);
375            }
376        }
377    }
378
379    private int putListener(Object listener, NsdServiceInfo s) {
380        if (listener == null) return INVALID_LISTENER_KEY;
381        int key;
382        synchronized (mMapLock) {
383            do {
384                key = mListenerKey++;
385            } while (key == INVALID_LISTENER_KEY);
386            mListenerMap.put(key, listener);
387            mServiceMap.put(key, s);
388        }
389        return key;
390    }
391
392    private Object getListener(int key) {
393        if (key == INVALID_LISTENER_KEY) return null;
394        synchronized (mMapLock) {
395            return mListenerMap.get(key);
396        }
397    }
398
399    private NsdServiceInfo getNsdService(int key) {
400        synchronized (mMapLock) {
401            return mServiceMap.get(key);
402        }
403    }
404
405    private void removeListener(int key) {
406        if (key == INVALID_LISTENER_KEY) return;
407        synchronized (mMapLock) {
408            mListenerMap.remove(key);
409            mServiceMap.remove(key);
410        }
411    }
412
413    private int getListenerKey(Object listener) {
414        synchronized (mMapLock) {
415            int valueIndex = mListenerMap.indexOfValue(listener);
416            if (valueIndex != -1) {
417                return mListenerMap.keyAt(valueIndex);
418            }
419        }
420        return INVALID_LISTENER_KEY;
421    }
422
423
424    /**
425     * Initialize AsyncChannel
426     */
427    private void init() {
428        final Messenger messenger = getMessenger();
429        if (messenger == null) throw new RuntimeException("Failed to initialize");
430        HandlerThread t = new HandlerThread("NsdManager");
431        t.start();
432        mHandler = new ServiceHandler(t.getLooper());
433        mAsyncChannel.connect(mContext, mHandler, messenger);
434        try {
435            mConnected.await();
436        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
437            Log.e(TAG, "interrupted wait at init");
438        }
439    }
440
441    /**
442     * Register a service to be discovered by other services.
443     *
444     * <p> The function call immediately returns after sending a request to register service
445     * to the framework. The application is notified of a success to initiate
446     * discovery through the callback {@link RegistrationListener#onServiceRegistered} or a failure
447     * through {@link RegistrationListener#onRegistrationFailed}.
448     *
449     * @param serviceInfo The service being registered
450     * @param protocolType The service discovery protocol
451     * @param listener The listener notifies of a successful registration and is used to
452     * unregister this service through a call on {@link #unregisterService}. Cannot be null.
453     */
454    public void registerService(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo, int protocolType,
455            RegistrationListener listener) {
456        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceName()) ||
457                TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceType())) {
458            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Service name or type cannot be empty");
459        }
460        if (serviceInfo.getPort() <= 0) {
461            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid port number");
462        }
463        if (listener == null) {
464            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null");
465        }
466        if (protocolType != PROTOCOL_DNS_SD) {
467            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported protocol");
468        }
469        mAsyncChannel.sendMessage(REGISTER_SERVICE, 0, putListener(listener, serviceInfo),
470                serviceInfo);
471    }
472
473    /**
474     * Unregister a service registered through {@link #registerService}. A successful
475     * unregister is notified to the application with a call to
476     * {@link RegistrationListener#onServiceUnregistered}.
477     *
478     * @param listener This should be the listener object that was passed to
479     * {@link #registerService}. It identifies the service that should be unregistered
480     * and notifies of a successful unregistration.
481     */
482    public void unregisterService(RegistrationListener listener) {
483        int id = getListenerKey(listener);
484        if (id == INVALID_LISTENER_KEY) {
485            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener not registered");
486        }
487        if (listener == null) {
488            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null");
489        }
490        mAsyncChannel.sendMessage(UNREGISTER_SERVICE, 0, id);
491    }
492
493    /**
494     * Initiate service discovery to browse for instances of a service type. Service discovery
495     * consumes network bandwidth and will continue until the application calls
496     * {@link #stopServiceDiscovery}.
497     *
498     * <p> The function call immediately returns after sending a request to start service
499     * discovery to the framework. The application is notified of a success to initiate
500     * discovery through the callback {@link DiscoveryListener#onDiscoveryStarted} or a failure
501     * through {@link DiscoveryListener#onStartDiscoveryFailed}.
502     *
503     * <p> Upon successful start, application is notified when a service is found with
504     * {@link DiscoveryListener#onServiceFound} or when a service is lost with
505     * {@link DiscoveryListener#onServiceLost}.
506     *
507     * <p> Upon failure to start, service discovery is not active and application does
508     * not need to invoke {@link #stopServiceDiscovery}
509     *
510     * @param serviceType The service type being discovered. Examples include "_http._tcp" for
511     * http services or "_ipp._tcp" for printers
512     * @param protocolType The service discovery protocol
513     * @param listener  The listener notifies of a successful discovery and is used
514     * to stop discovery on this serviceType through a call on {@link #stopServiceDiscovery}.
515     * Cannot be null.
516     */
517    public void discoverServices(String serviceType, int protocolType, DiscoveryListener listener) {
518        if (listener == null) {
519            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null");
520        }
521        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceType)) {
522            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Service type cannot be empty");
523        }
524
525        if (protocolType != PROTOCOL_DNS_SD) {
526            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported protocol");
527        }
528
529        NsdServiceInfo s = new NsdServiceInfo();
530        s.setServiceType(serviceType);
531        mAsyncChannel.sendMessage(DISCOVER_SERVICES, 0, putListener(listener, s), s);
532    }
533
534    /**
535     * Stop service discovery initiated with {@link #discoverServices}. An active service
536     * discovery is notified to the application with {@link DiscoveryListener#onDiscoveryStarted}
537     * and it stays active until the application invokes a stop service discovery. A successful
538     * stop is notified to with a call to {@link DiscoveryListener#onDiscoveryStopped}.
539     *
540     * <p> Upon failure to stop service discovery, application is notified through
541     * {@link DiscoveryListener#onStopDiscoveryFailed}.
542     *
543     * @param listener This should be the listener object that was passed to {@link #discoverServices}.
544     * It identifies the discovery that should be stopped and notifies of a successful stop.
545     */
546    public void stopServiceDiscovery(DiscoveryListener listener) {
547        int id = getListenerKey(listener);
548        if (id == INVALID_LISTENER_KEY) {
549            throw new IllegalArgumentException("service discovery not active on listener");
550        }
551        if (listener == null) {
552            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null");
553        }
554        mAsyncChannel.sendMessage(STOP_DISCOVERY, 0, id);
555    }
556
557    /**
558     * Resolve a discovered service. An application can resolve a service right before
559     * establishing a connection to fetch the IP and port details on which to setup
560     * the connection.
561     *
562     * @param serviceInfo service to be resolved
563     * @param listener to receive callback upon success or failure. Cannot be null.
564     */
565    public void resolveService(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo, ResolveListener listener) {
566        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceName()) ||
567                TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceType())) {
568            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Service name or type cannot be empty");
569        }
570        if (listener == null) {
571            throw new IllegalArgumentException("listener cannot be null");
572        }
573        mAsyncChannel.sendMessage(RESOLVE_SERVICE, 0, putListener(listener, serviceInfo),
574                serviceInfo);
575    }
576
577    /** Internal use only @hide */
578    public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
579        try {
580            mService.setEnabled(enabled);
581        } catch (RemoteException e) { }
582    }
583
584    /**
585     * Get a reference to NetworkService handler. This is used to establish
586     * an AsyncChannel communication with the service
587     *
588     * @return Messenger pointing to the NetworkService handler
589     */
590    private Messenger getMessenger() {
591        try {
592            return mService.getMessenger();
593        } catch (RemoteException e) {
594            return null;
595        }
596    }
597}
598