dex_instruction.cc revision 7dfb28c066159e6cde8181720f0c451a700ef966
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#include "dex_instruction-inl.h"
18
19#include "dex_file-inl.h"
20#include "utils.h"
21#include <iomanip>
22
23namespace art {
24
25const char* const Instruction::kInstructionNames[] = {
26#define INSTRUCTION_NAME(o, c, pname, f, r, i, a, v) pname,
27#include "dex_instruction_list.h"
28  DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST(INSTRUCTION_NAME)
29#undef DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST
30#undef INSTRUCTION_NAME
31};
32
33Instruction::Format const Instruction::kInstructionFormats[] = {
34#define INSTRUCTION_FORMAT(o, c, p, format, r, i, a, v) format,
35#include "dex_instruction_list.h"
36  DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST(INSTRUCTION_FORMAT)
37#undef DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST
38#undef INSTRUCTION_FORMAT
39};
40
41int const Instruction::kInstructionFlags[] = {
42#define INSTRUCTION_FLAGS(o, c, p, f, r, i, flags, v) flags,
43#include "dex_instruction_list.h"
44  DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST(INSTRUCTION_FLAGS)
45#undef DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST
46#undef INSTRUCTION_FLAGS
47};
48
49int const Instruction::kInstructionVerifyFlags[] = {
50#define INSTRUCTION_VERIFY_FLAGS(o, c, p, f, r, i, a, vflags) vflags,
51#include "dex_instruction_list.h"
52  DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST(INSTRUCTION_VERIFY_FLAGS)
53#undef DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST
54#undef INSTRUCTION_VERIFY_FLAGS
55};
56
57int const Instruction::kInstructionSizeInCodeUnits[] = {
58#define INSTRUCTION_SIZE(opcode, c, p, format, r, i, a, v) \
59    ((opcode == NOP)                        ? -1 : \
60     ((format >= k10x) && (format <= k10t)) ?  1 : \
61     ((format >= k20t) && (format <= k22c)) ?  2 : \
62     ((format >= k32x) && (format <= k3rc)) ?  3 : \
63      (format == k51l)                      ?  5 : -1),
64#include "dex_instruction_list.h"
65  DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST(INSTRUCTION_SIZE)
66#undef DEX_INSTRUCTION_LIST
67#undef INSTRUCTION_SIZE
68};
69
70/*
71 * Handy macros for helping decode instructions.
72 */
73#define FETCH(_offset)      (insns[(_offset)])
74#define FETCH_uint32(_offset)   (fetch_uint32_impl((_offset), insns))
75#define INST_A(_insn)       (((uint16_t)(_insn) >> 8) & 0x0f)
76#define INST_B(_insn)       ((uint16_t)(_insn) >> 12)
77#define INST_AA(_insn)      ((_insn) >> 8)
78
79/* Helper for FETCH_uint32, above. */
80static inline uint32_t fetch_uint32_impl(uint32_t offset, const uint16_t* insns) {
81  return insns[offset] | ((uint32_t) insns[offset+1] << 16);
82}
83
84
85bool Instruction::HasVRegC() const {
86  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
87    case k23x: return true;
88    case k35c: return true;
89    case k3rc: return true;
90    default: return false;
91  }
92}
93
94bool Instruction::HasVRegB() const {
95  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
96    case k12x: return true;
97    case k22b: return true;
98    case k22c: return true;
99    case k22s: return true;
100    case k22t: return true;
101    case k22x: return true;
102    case k23x: return true;
103    case k32x: return true;
104    default: return false;
105  }
106}
107
108bool Instruction::HasVRegA() const {
109  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
110    case k11n: return true;
111    case k11x: return true;
112    case k12x: return true;
113    case k21c: return true;
114    case k21h: return true;
115    case k21s: return true;
116    case k21t: return true;
117    case k22b: return true;
118    case k22c: return true;
119    case k22s: return true;
120    case k22t: return true;
121    case k22x: return true;
122    case k23x: return true;
123    case k31c: return true;
124    case k31i: return true;
125    case k31t: return true;
126    case k32x: return true;
127    case k51l: return true;
128    default: return false;
129  }
130}
131
132int32_t Instruction::VRegC() const {
133  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
134    case k23x: return VRegC_23x();
135    case k35c: return VRegC_35c();
136    case k3rc: return VRegC_3rc();
137    default: LOG(FATAL) << "Tried to access vC of instruction " << Name() <<
138        " which has no C operand.";
139  }
140  return -1;
141}
142
143int32_t Instruction::VRegB() const {
144  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
145    case k12x: return VRegB_12x();
146    case k22b: return VRegB_22b();
147    case k22c: return VRegB_22c();
148    case k22s: return VRegB_22s();
149    case k22t: return VRegB_22t();
150    case k22x: return VRegB_22x();
151    case k23x: return VRegB_23x();
152    case k32x: return VRegB_32x();
153    default: LOG(FATAL) << "Tried to access vB of instruction " << Name() <<
154        " which has no B operand.";
155  }
156  return -1;
157}
158
159int32_t Instruction::VRegA() const {
160  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
161    case k11n: return VRegA_11n();
162    case k11x: return VRegA_11x();
163    case k12x: return VRegA_12x();
164    case k21c: return VRegA_21c();
165    case k21h: return VRegA_21h();
166    case k21s: return VRegA_21s();
167    case k21t: return VRegA_21t();
168    case k22b: return VRegA_22b();
169    case k22c: return VRegA_22c();
170    case k22s: return VRegA_22s();
171    case k22t: return VRegA_22t();
172    case k22x: return VRegA_22x();
173    case k23x: return VRegA_23x();
174    case k31c: return VRegA_31c();
175    case k31i: return VRegA_31i();
176    case k31t: return VRegA_31t();
177    case k32x: return VRegA_32x();
178    case k51l: return VRegA_51l();
179    default: LOG(FATAL) << "Tried to access vA of instruction " << Name() <<
180        " which has no A operand.";
181  }
182  return -1;
183}
184
185int32_t Instruction::GetTargetOffset() const {
186  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
187    // Cases for conditional branches follow.
188    case k22t: return VRegC_22t();
189    case k21t: return VRegB_21t();
190    // Cases for unconditional branches follow.
191    case k10t: return VRegA_10t();
192    case k20t: return VRegA_20t();
193    case k30t: return VRegA_30t();
194    default: LOG(FATAL) << "Tried to access the branch offset of an instruction " << Name() <<
195        " which does not have a target operand.";
196  }
197  return 0;
198}
199
200bool Instruction::CanFlowThrough() const {
201  const uint16_t* insns = reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(this);
202  uint16_t insn = *insns;
203  Code opcode = static_cast<Code>(insn & 0xFF);
204  return  FlagsOf(opcode) & Instruction::kContinue;
205}
206
207void Instruction::Decode(uint32_t &vA, uint32_t &vB, uint64_t &vB_wide, uint32_t &vC, uint32_t arg[]) const {
208  const uint16_t* insns = reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(this);
209  uint16_t insn = *insns;
210  Code opcode = static_cast<Code>(insn & 0xFF);
211
212  switch (FormatOf(opcode)) {
213    case k10x:       // op
214      /* nothing to do; copy the AA bits out for the verifier */
215      vA = INST_AA(insn);
216      break;
217    case k12x:       // op vA, vB
218      vA = INST_A(insn);
219      vB = INST_B(insn);
220      break;
221    case k11n:       // op vA, #+B
222      vA = INST_A(insn);
223      vB = (int32_t) (INST_B(insn) << 28) >> 28;  // sign extend 4-bit value
224      break;
225    case k11x:       // op vAA
226      vA = INST_AA(insn);
227      break;
228    case k10t:       // op +AA
229      vA = (int8_t) INST_AA(insn);              // sign-extend 8-bit value
230      break;
231    case k20t:       // op +AAAA
232      vA = (int16_t) FETCH(1);                   // sign-extend 16-bit value
233      break;
234    case k21c:       // op vAA, thing@BBBB
235    case k22x:       // op vAA, vBBBB
236      vA = INST_AA(insn);
237      vB = FETCH(1);
238      break;
239    case k21s:       // op vAA, #+BBBB
240    case k21t:       // op vAA, +BBBB
241      vA = INST_AA(insn);
242      vB = (int16_t) FETCH(1);                   // sign-extend 16-bit value
243      break;
244    case k21h:       // op vAA, #+BBBB0000[00000000]
245      vA = INST_AA(insn);
246      /*
247       * The value should be treated as right-zero-extended, but we don't
248       * actually do that here. Among other things, we don't know if it's
249       * the top bits of a 32- or 64-bit value.
250       */
251      vB = FETCH(1);
252      break;
253    case k23x:       // op vAA, vBB, vCC
254      vA = INST_AA(insn);
255      vB = FETCH(1) & 0xff;
256      vC = FETCH(1) >> 8;
257      break;
258    case k22b:       // op vAA, vBB, #+CC
259      vA = INST_AA(insn);
260      vB = FETCH(1) & 0xff;
261      vC = (int8_t) (FETCH(1) >> 8);            // sign-extend 8-bit value
262      break;
263    case k22s:       // op vA, vB, #+CCCC
264    case k22t:       // op vA, vB, +CCCC
265      vA = INST_A(insn);
266      vB = INST_B(insn);
267      vC = (int16_t) FETCH(1);                   // sign-extend 16-bit value
268      break;
269    case k22c:       // op vA, vB, thing@CCCC
270      vA = INST_A(insn);
271      vB = INST_B(insn);
272      vC = FETCH(1);
273      break;
274    case k30t:       // op +AAAAAAAA
275      vA = FETCH_uint32(1);                     // signed 32-bit value
276      break;
277    case k31t:       // op vAA, +BBBBBBBB
278    case k31c:       // op vAA, string@BBBBBBBB
279      vA = INST_AA(insn);
280      vB = FETCH_uint32(1);                     // 32-bit value
281      break;
282    case k32x:       // op vAAAA, vBBBB
283      vA = FETCH(1);
284      vB = FETCH(2);
285      break;
286    case k31i:       // op vAA, #+BBBBBBBB
287      vA = INST_AA(insn);
288      vB = FETCH_uint32(1);                     // signed 32-bit value
289      break;
290    case k35c:       // op {vC, vD, vE, vF, vG}, thing@BBBB
291      {
292        /*
293         * Note that the fields mentioned in the spec don't appear in
294         * their "usual" positions here compared to most formats. This
295         * was done so that the field names for the argument count and
296         * reference index match between this format and the corresponding
297         * range formats (3rc and friends).
298         *
299         * Bottom line: The argument count is always in vA, and the
300         * method constant (or equivalent) is always in vB.
301         */
302        uint16_t regList;
303        int count;
304
305        vA = INST_B(insn);  // This is labeled A in the spec.
306        vB = FETCH(1);
307        regList = FETCH(2);
308
309        count = vA;
310
311        /*
312         * Copy the argument registers into the arg[] array, and
313         * also copy the first argument (if any) into vC. (The
314         * DecodedInstruction structure doesn't have separate
315         * fields for {vD, vE, vF, vG}, so there's no need to make
316         * copies of those.) Note that cases 5..2 fall through.
317         */
318        switch (count) {
319        case 5: arg[4] = INST_A(insn);
320        case 4: arg[3] = (regList >> 12) & 0x0f;
321        case 3: arg[2] = (regList >> 8) & 0x0f;
322        case 2: arg[1] = (regList >> 4) & 0x0f;
323        case 1: vC = arg[0] = regList & 0x0f; break;
324        case 0: break;  // Valid, but no need to do anything.
325        default:
326          LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid arg count in 35c (" << count << ")";
327          return;
328        }
329      }
330      break;
331    case k3rc:       // op {vCCCC .. v(CCCC+AA-1)}, meth@BBBB
332      vA = INST_AA(insn);
333      vB = FETCH(1);
334      vC = FETCH(2);
335        break;
336    case k51l:       // op vAA, #+BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
337      vA = INST_AA(insn);
338      vB_wide = FETCH_uint32(1) | ((uint64_t) FETCH_uint32(3) << 32);
339      break;
340    default:
341      LOG(ERROR) << "Can't decode unexpected format " << FormatOf(opcode) << " (op=" << opcode << ")";
342      return;
343  }
344}
345
346size_t Instruction::SizeInCodeUnitsComplexOpcode() const {
347  const uint16_t* insns = reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(this);
348  // Handle special NOP encoded variable length sequences.
349  switch (*insns) {
350    case kPackedSwitchSignature:
351      return (4 + insns[1] * 2);
352    case kSparseSwitchSignature:
353      return (2 + insns[1] * 4);
354    case kArrayDataSignature: {
355      uint16_t element_size = insns[1];
356      uint32_t length = insns[2] | (((uint32_t)insns[3]) << 16);
357      // The plus 1 is to round up for odd size and width.
358      return (4 + (element_size * length + 1) / 2);
359    }
360    default:
361      if ((*insns & 0xFF) == 0) {
362        return 1;  // NOP.
363      } else {
364        LOG(FATAL) << "Unreachable: " << DumpString(NULL);
365        return 0;
366      }
367  }
368}
369
370std::string Instruction::DumpHex(size_t code_units) const {
371  size_t inst_length = SizeInCodeUnits();
372  if (inst_length > code_units) {
373    inst_length = code_units;
374  }
375  std::ostringstream os;
376  const uint16_t* insn = reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(this);
377  for (size_t i = 0; i < inst_length; i++) {
378    os << StringPrintf("0x%04x", insn[i]) << " ";
379  }
380  for (size_t i = inst_length; i < code_units; i++) {
381    os << "       ";
382  }
383  return os.str();
384}
385
386std::string Instruction::DumpString(const DexFile* file) const {
387  std::ostringstream os;
388  const char* opcode = kInstructionNames[Opcode()];
389  switch (FormatOf(Opcode())) {
390    case k10x:  os << opcode; break;
391    case k12x:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d", opcode, VRegA_12x(), VRegB_12x()); break;
392    case k11n:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, #%+d", opcode, VRegA_11n(), VRegB_11n()); break;
393    case k11x:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d", opcode, VRegA_11x()); break;
394    case k10t:  os << StringPrintf("%s %+d", opcode, VRegA_10t()); break;
395    case k20t:  os << StringPrintf("%s %+d", opcode, VRegA_20t()); break;
396    case k22x:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d", opcode, VRegA_22x(), VRegB_22x()); break;
397    case k21t:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, %+d", opcode, VRegA_21t(), VRegB_21t()); break;
398    case k21s:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, #%+d", opcode, VRegA_21s(), VRegB_21s()); break;
399    case k21h: {
400        // op vAA, #+BBBB0000[00000000]
401        if (Opcode() == CONST_HIGH16) {
402          uint32_t value = VRegB_21h() << 16;
403          os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, #int %+d // 0x%x", opcode, VRegA_21h(), value, value);
404        } else {
405          uint64_t value = static_cast<uint64_t>(VRegB_21h()) << 48;
406          os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, #long %+lld // 0x%llx", opcode, VRegA_21h(), value, value);
407        }
408      }
409      break;
410    case k21c: {
411      switch (Opcode()) {
412        case CONST_STRING:
413          if (file != NULL) {
414            uint32_t string_idx = VRegB_21c();
415            os << StringPrintf("const-string v%d, %s // string@%d", VRegA_21c(),
416                               PrintableString(file->StringDataByIdx(string_idx)).c_str(), string_idx);
417            break;
418          }  // else fall-through
419        case CHECK_CAST:
420        case CONST_CLASS:
421        case NEW_INSTANCE:
422          if (file != NULL) {
423            uint32_t type_idx = VRegB_21c();
424            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_21c()) << ", " << PrettyType(type_idx, *file)
425               << " // type@" << type_idx;
426            break;
427          }  // else fall-through
428        case SGET:
429        case SGET_WIDE:
430        case SGET_OBJECT:
431        case SGET_BOOLEAN:
432        case SGET_BYTE:
433        case SGET_CHAR:
434        case SGET_SHORT:
435          if (file != NULL) {
436            uint32_t field_idx = VRegB_21c();
437            os << opcode << "  v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_21c()) << ", " << PrettyField(field_idx, *file, true)
438               << " // field@" << field_idx;
439            break;
440          }  // else fall-through
441        case SPUT:
442        case SPUT_WIDE:
443        case SPUT_OBJECT:
444        case SPUT_BOOLEAN:
445        case SPUT_BYTE:
446        case SPUT_CHAR:
447        case SPUT_SHORT:
448          if (file != NULL) {
449            uint32_t field_idx = VRegB_21c();
450            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_21c()) << ", " << PrettyField(field_idx, *file, true)
451               << " // field@" << field_idx;
452            break;
453          }  // else fall-through
454        default:
455          os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, thing@%d", opcode, VRegA_21c(), VRegB_21c());
456          break;
457      }
458      break;
459    }
460    case k23x:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d, v%d", opcode, VRegA_23x(), VRegB_23x(), VRegC_23x()); break;
461    case k22b:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d, #%+d", opcode, VRegA_22b(), VRegB_22b(), VRegC_22b()); break;
462    case k22t:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d, %+d", opcode, VRegA_22t(), VRegB_22t(), VRegC_22t()); break;
463    case k22s:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d, #%+d", opcode, VRegA_22s(), VRegB_22s(), VRegC_22s()); break;
464    case k22c: {
465      switch (Opcode()) {
466        case IGET:
467        case IGET_WIDE:
468        case IGET_OBJECT:
469        case IGET_BOOLEAN:
470        case IGET_BYTE:
471        case IGET_CHAR:
472        case IGET_SHORT:
473          if (file != NULL) {
474            uint32_t field_idx = VRegC_22c();
475            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_22c()) << ", v" << static_cast<int>(VRegB_22c()) << ", "
476               << PrettyField(field_idx, *file, true) << " // field@" << field_idx;
477            break;
478          }  // else fall-through
479        case IGET_QUICK:
480        case IGET_OBJECT_QUICK:
481          if (file != NULL) {
482            uint32_t field_idx = VRegC_22c();
483            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_22c()) << ", v" << static_cast<int>(VRegB_22c()) << ", "
484               << "// offset@" << field_idx;
485            break;
486          }  // else fall-through
487        case IPUT:
488        case IPUT_WIDE:
489        case IPUT_OBJECT:
490        case IPUT_BOOLEAN:
491        case IPUT_BYTE:
492        case IPUT_CHAR:
493        case IPUT_SHORT:
494          if (file != NULL) {
495            uint32_t field_idx = VRegC_22c();
496            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_22c()) << ", v" << static_cast<int>(VRegB_22c()) << ", "
497               << PrettyField(field_idx, *file, true) << " // field@" << field_idx;
498            break;
499          }  // else fall-through
500        case IPUT_QUICK:
501        case IPUT_OBJECT_QUICK:
502          if (file != NULL) {
503            uint32_t field_idx = VRegC_22c();
504            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_22c()) << ", v" << static_cast<int>(VRegB_22c()) << ", "
505               << "// offset@" << field_idx;
506            break;
507          }  // else fall-through
508        case INSTANCE_OF:
509          if (file != NULL) {
510            uint32_t type_idx = VRegC_22c();
511            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_22c()) << ", v" << static_cast<int>(VRegB_22c()) << ", "
512               << PrettyType(type_idx, *file) << " // type@" << type_idx;
513            break;
514          }
515        case NEW_ARRAY:
516          if (file != NULL) {
517            uint32_t type_idx = VRegC_22c();
518            os << opcode << " v" << static_cast<int>(VRegA_22c()) << ", v" << static_cast<int>(VRegB_22c()) << ", "
519               << PrettyType(type_idx, *file) << " // type@" << type_idx;
520            break;
521          }  // else fall-through
522        default:
523          os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d, thing@%d", opcode, VRegA_22c(), VRegB_22c(), VRegC_22c());
524          break;
525      }
526      break;
527    }
528    case k32x:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, v%d", opcode, VRegA_32x(), VRegB_32x()); break;
529    case k30t:  os << StringPrintf("%s %+d", opcode, VRegA_30t()); break;
530    case k31t:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, %+d", opcode, VRegA_31t(), VRegB_31t()); break;
531    case k31i:  os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, #%+d", opcode, VRegA_31i(), VRegB_31i()); break;
532    case k31c:
533      if (Opcode() == CONST_STRING_JUMBO) {
534        uint32_t string_idx = VRegB_31c();
535        if (file != NULL) {
536          os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, %s // string@%d", opcode, VRegA_31c(),
537                             PrintableString(file->StringDataByIdx(string_idx)).c_str(),
538                             string_idx);
539        } else {
540          os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, string@%d", opcode, VRegA_31c(), string_idx);
541        }
542      } else {
543        os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, thing@%d", opcode, VRegA_31c(), VRegB_31c()); break;
544      }
545      break;
546    case k35c: {
547      uint32_t arg[5];
548      GetArgs(arg);
549      switch (Opcode()) {
550        case INVOKE_VIRTUAL:
551        case INVOKE_SUPER:
552        case INVOKE_DIRECT:
553        case INVOKE_STATIC:
554        case INVOKE_INTERFACE:
555          if (file != NULL) {
556            os << opcode << " {";
557            uint32_t method_idx = VRegB_35c();
558            for (size_t i = 0; i < VRegA_35c(); ++i) {
559              if (i != 0) {
560                os << ", ";
561              }
562              os << "v" << arg[i];
563            }
564            os << "}, " << PrettyMethod(method_idx, *file) << " // method@" << method_idx;
565            break;
566          }  // else fall-through
567        case INVOKE_VIRTUAL_QUICK:
568          if (file != NULL) {
569            os << opcode << " {";
570            uint32_t method_idx = VRegB_35c();
571            for (size_t i = 0; i < VRegA_35c(); ++i) {
572              if (i != 0) {
573                os << ", ";
574              }
575              os << "v" << arg[i];
576            }
577            os << "},  // vtable@" << method_idx;
578            break;
579          }  // else fall-through
580        default:
581          os << opcode << " {v" << arg[0] << ", v" << arg[1] << ", v" << arg[2]
582                       << ", v" << arg[3] << ", v" << arg[4] << "}, thing@" << VRegB_35c();
583          break;
584      }
585      break;
586    }
587    case k3rc: {
588      switch (Opcode()) {
589        case INVOKE_VIRTUAL_RANGE:
590        case INVOKE_SUPER_RANGE:
591        case INVOKE_DIRECT_RANGE:
592        case INVOKE_STATIC_RANGE:
593        case INVOKE_INTERFACE_RANGE:
594          if (file != NULL) {
595            uint32_t method_idx = VRegB_3rc();
596            os << StringPrintf("%s, {v%d .. v%d}, ", opcode, VRegC_3rc(), (VRegC_3rc() + VRegA_3rc() - 1))
597               << PrettyMethod(method_idx, *file) << " // method@" << method_idx;
598            break;
599          }  // else fall-through
600        case INVOKE_VIRTUAL_RANGE_QUICK:
601          if (file != NULL) {
602            uint32_t method_idx = VRegB_3rc();
603            os << StringPrintf("%s, {v%d .. v%d}, ", opcode, VRegC_3rc(), (VRegC_3rc() + VRegA_3rc() - 1))
604               << "// vtable@" << method_idx;
605            break;
606          }  // else fall-through
607        default:
608          os << StringPrintf("%s, {v%d .. v%d}, thing@%d", opcode, VRegC_3rc(),
609                             (VRegC_3rc() + VRegA_3rc() - 1), VRegB_3rc());
610          break;
611      }
612      break;
613    }
614    case k51l: os << StringPrintf("%s v%d, #%+lld", opcode, VRegA_51l(), VRegB_51l()); break;
615    default: os << " unknown format (" << DumpHex(5) << ")"; break;
616  }
617  return os.str();
618}
619
620std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Instruction::Code& code) {
621  return os << Instruction::Name(code);
622}
623
624}  // namespace art
625