linker.cpp revision c45087bffa528c0809f0df2e0a3708eba7018b33
1/* 2 * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 The Android Open Source Project 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 12 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 13 * distribution. 14 * 15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 16 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 17 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS 18 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE 19 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 20 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 21 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS 22 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED 23 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 24 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT 25 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26 * SUCH DAMAGE. 27 */ 28 29#include <dlfcn.h> 30#include <errno.h> 31#include <fcntl.h> 32#include <linux/auxvec.h> 33#include <pthread.h> 34#include <stdio.h> 35#include <stdlib.h> 36#include <string.h> 37#include <sys/atomics.h> 38#include <sys/mman.h> 39#include <sys/stat.h> 40#include <unistd.h> 41 42// Private C library headers. 43#include <private/bionic_tls.h> 44#include <private/KernelArgumentBlock.h> 45#include <private/ScopedPthreadMutexLocker.h> 46 47#include "linker.h" 48#include "linker_debug.h" 49#include "linker_environ.h" 50#include "linker_phdr.h" 51 52/* Assume average path length of 64 and max 8 paths */ 53#define LDPATH_BUFSIZE 512 54#define LDPATH_MAX 8 55 56#define LDPRELOAD_BUFSIZE 512 57#define LDPRELOAD_MAX 8 58 59/* >>> IMPORTANT NOTE - READ ME BEFORE MODIFYING <<< 60 * 61 * Do NOT use malloc() and friends or pthread_*() code here. 62 * Don't use printf() either; it's caused mysterious memory 63 * corruption in the past. 64 * The linker runs before we bring up libc and it's easiest 65 * to make sure it does not depend on any complex libc features 66 * 67 * open issues / todo: 68 * 69 * - are we doing everything we should for ARM_COPY relocations? 70 * - cleaner error reporting 71 * - after linking, set as much stuff as possible to READONLY 72 * and NOEXEC 73 */ 74 75static bool soinfo_link_image(soinfo* si); 76 77// We can't use malloc(3) in the dynamic linker. We use a linked list of anonymous 78// maps, each a single page in size. The pages are broken up into as many struct soinfo 79// objects as will fit, and they're all threaded together on a free list. 80#define SOINFO_PER_POOL ((PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(soinfo_pool_t*)) / sizeof(soinfo)) 81struct soinfo_pool_t { 82 soinfo_pool_t* next; 83 soinfo info[SOINFO_PER_POOL]; 84}; 85static struct soinfo_pool_t* gSoInfoPools = NULL; 86static soinfo* gSoInfoFreeList = NULL; 87 88static soinfo* solist = &libdl_info; 89static soinfo* sonext = &libdl_info; 90static soinfo* somain; /* main process, always the one after libdl_info */ 91 92static const char* const gSoPaths[] = { 93 "/vendor/lib", 94 "/system/lib", 95 NULL 96}; 97 98static char gLdPathsBuffer[LDPATH_BUFSIZE]; 99static const char* gLdPaths[LDPATH_MAX + 1]; 100 101static char gLdPreloadsBuffer[LDPRELOAD_BUFSIZE]; 102static const char* gLdPreloadNames[LDPRELOAD_MAX + 1]; 103 104static soinfo* gLdPreloads[LDPRELOAD_MAX + 1]; 105 106__LIBC_HIDDEN__ int gLdDebugVerbosity; 107 108__LIBC_HIDDEN__ abort_msg_t* gAbortMessage = NULL; // For debuggerd. 109 110enum RelocationKind { 111 kRelocAbsolute = 0, 112 kRelocRelative, 113 kRelocCopy, 114 kRelocSymbol, 115 kRelocMax 116}; 117 118#if STATS 119struct linker_stats_t { 120 int count[kRelocMax]; 121}; 122 123static linker_stats_t linker_stats; 124 125static void count_relocation(RelocationKind kind) { 126 ++linker_stats.count[kind]; 127} 128#else 129static void count_relocation(RelocationKind) { 130} 131#endif 132 133#if COUNT_PAGES 134static unsigned bitmask[4096]; 135#define MARK(offset) \ 136 do { \ 137 bitmask[((offset) >> 12) >> 3] |= (1 << (((offset) >> 12) & 7)); \ 138 } while(0) 139#else 140#define MARK(x) do {} while (0) 141#endif 142 143// You shouldn't try to call memory-allocating functions in the dynamic linker. 144// Guard against the most obvious ones. 145#define DISALLOW_ALLOCATION(return_type, name, ...) \ 146 return_type name __VA_ARGS__ \ 147 { \ 148 const char* msg = "ERROR: " #name " called from the dynamic linker!\n"; \ 149 __libc_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_FATAL, "linker", "%s", msg); \ 150 write(2, msg, strlen(msg)); \ 151 abort(); \ 152 } 153#define UNUSED __attribute__((unused)) 154DISALLOW_ALLOCATION(void*, malloc, (size_t u UNUSED)); 155DISALLOW_ALLOCATION(void, free, (void* u UNUSED)); 156DISALLOW_ALLOCATION(void*, realloc, (void* u1 UNUSED, size_t u2 UNUSED)); 157DISALLOW_ALLOCATION(void*, calloc, (size_t u1 UNUSED, size_t u2 UNUSED)); 158 159static char tmp_err_buf[768]; 160static char __linker_dl_err_buf[768]; 161 162char* linker_get_error_buffer() { 163 return &__linker_dl_err_buf[0]; 164} 165 166size_t linker_get_error_buffer_size() { 167 return sizeof(__linker_dl_err_buf); 168} 169 170/* 171 * This function is an empty stub where GDB locates a breakpoint to get notified 172 * about linker activity. 173 */ 174extern "C" void __attribute__((noinline)) __attribute__((visibility("default"))) rtld_db_dlactivity(); 175 176static r_debug _r_debug = {1, NULL, &rtld_db_dlactivity, RT_CONSISTENT, 0}; 177static link_map_t* r_debug_tail = 0; 178 179static pthread_mutex_t gDebugMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; 180 181static void insert_soinfo_into_debug_map(soinfo * info) { 182 // Copy the necessary fields into the debug structure. 183 link_map_t* map = &(info->link_map); 184 map->l_addr = info->base; 185 map->l_name = (char*) info->name; 186 map->l_ld = (uintptr_t)info->dynamic; 187 188 /* Stick the new library at the end of the list. 189 * gdb tends to care more about libc than it does 190 * about leaf libraries, and ordering it this way 191 * reduces the back-and-forth over the wire. 192 */ 193 if (r_debug_tail) { 194 r_debug_tail->l_next = map; 195 map->l_prev = r_debug_tail; 196 map->l_next = 0; 197 } else { 198 _r_debug.r_map = map; 199 map->l_prev = 0; 200 map->l_next = 0; 201 } 202 r_debug_tail = map; 203} 204 205static void remove_soinfo_from_debug_map(soinfo* info) { 206 link_map_t* map = &(info->link_map); 207 208 if (r_debug_tail == map) { 209 r_debug_tail = map->l_prev; 210 } 211 212 if (map->l_prev) { 213 map->l_prev->l_next = map->l_next; 214 } 215 if (map->l_next) { 216 map->l_next->l_prev = map->l_prev; 217 } 218} 219 220static void notify_gdb_of_load(soinfo* info) { 221 if (info->flags & FLAG_EXE) { 222 // GDB already knows about the main executable 223 return; 224 } 225 226 ScopedPthreadMutexLocker locker(&gDebugMutex); 227 228 _r_debug.r_state = RT_ADD; 229 rtld_db_dlactivity(); 230 231 insert_soinfo_into_debug_map(info); 232 233 _r_debug.r_state = RT_CONSISTENT; 234 rtld_db_dlactivity(); 235} 236 237static void notify_gdb_of_unload(soinfo* info) { 238 if (info->flags & FLAG_EXE) { 239 // GDB already knows about the main executable 240 return; 241 } 242 243 ScopedPthreadMutexLocker locker(&gDebugMutex); 244 245 _r_debug.r_state = RT_DELETE; 246 rtld_db_dlactivity(); 247 248 remove_soinfo_from_debug_map(info); 249 250 _r_debug.r_state = RT_CONSISTENT; 251 rtld_db_dlactivity(); 252} 253 254void notify_gdb_of_libraries() { 255 _r_debug.r_state = RT_ADD; 256 rtld_db_dlactivity(); 257 _r_debug.r_state = RT_CONSISTENT; 258 rtld_db_dlactivity(); 259} 260 261static bool ensure_free_list_non_empty() { 262 if (gSoInfoFreeList != NULL) { 263 return true; 264 } 265 266 // Allocate a new pool. 267 soinfo_pool_t* pool = reinterpret_cast<soinfo_pool_t*>(mmap(NULL, sizeof(*pool), 268 PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, 269 MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, 0, 0)); 270 if (pool == MAP_FAILED) { 271 return false; 272 } 273 274 // Add the pool to our list of pools. 275 pool->next = gSoInfoPools; 276 gSoInfoPools = pool; 277 278 // Chain the entries in the new pool onto the free list. 279 gSoInfoFreeList = &pool->info[0]; 280 soinfo* next = NULL; 281 for (int i = SOINFO_PER_POOL - 1; i >= 0; --i) { 282 pool->info[i].next = next; 283 next = &pool->info[i]; 284 } 285 286 return true; 287} 288 289static void set_soinfo_pool_protection(int protection) { 290 for (soinfo_pool_t* p = gSoInfoPools; p != NULL; p = p->next) { 291 if (mprotect(p, sizeof(*p), protection) == -1) { 292 abort(); // Can't happen. 293 } 294 } 295} 296 297static soinfo* soinfo_alloc(const char* name) { 298 if (strlen(name) >= SOINFO_NAME_LEN) { 299 DL_ERR("library name \"%s\" too long", name); 300 return NULL; 301 } 302 303 if (!ensure_free_list_non_empty()) { 304 DL_ERR("out of memory when loading \"%s\"", name); 305 return NULL; 306 } 307 308 // Take the head element off the free list. 309 soinfo* si = gSoInfoFreeList; 310 gSoInfoFreeList = gSoInfoFreeList->next; 311 312 // Initialize the new element. 313 memset(si, 0, sizeof(soinfo)); 314 strlcpy(si->name, name, sizeof(si->name)); 315 sonext->next = si; 316 sonext = si; 317 318 TRACE("name %s: allocated soinfo @ %p", name, si); 319 return si; 320} 321 322static void soinfo_free(soinfo* si) 323{ 324 if (si == NULL) { 325 return; 326 } 327 328 soinfo *prev = NULL, *trav; 329 330 TRACE("name %s: freeing soinfo @ %p", si->name, si); 331 332 for (trav = solist; trav != NULL; trav = trav->next) { 333 if (trav == si) 334 break; 335 prev = trav; 336 } 337 if (trav == NULL) { 338 /* si was not in solist */ 339 DL_ERR("name \"%s\" is not in solist!", si->name); 340 return; 341 } 342 343 /* prev will never be NULL, because the first entry in solist is 344 always the static libdl_info. 345 */ 346 prev->next = si->next; 347 if (si == sonext) { 348 sonext = prev; 349 } 350 si->next = gSoInfoFreeList; 351 gSoInfoFreeList = si; 352} 353 354 355static void parse_path(const char* path, const char* delimiters, 356 const char** array, char* buf, size_t buf_size, size_t max_count) { 357 if (path == NULL) { 358 return; 359 } 360 361 size_t len = strlcpy(buf, path, buf_size); 362 363 size_t i = 0; 364 char* buf_p = buf; 365 while (i < max_count && (array[i] = strsep(&buf_p, delimiters))) { 366 if (*array[i] != '\0') { 367 ++i; 368 } 369 } 370 371 // Forget the last path if we had to truncate; this occurs if the 2nd to 372 // last char isn't '\0' (i.e. wasn't originally a delimiter). 373 if (i > 0 && len >= buf_size && buf[buf_size - 2] != '\0') { 374 array[i - 1] = NULL; 375 } else { 376 array[i] = NULL; 377 } 378} 379 380static void parse_LD_LIBRARY_PATH(const char* path) { 381 parse_path(path, ":", gLdPaths, 382 gLdPathsBuffer, sizeof(gLdPathsBuffer), LDPATH_MAX); 383} 384 385static void parse_LD_PRELOAD(const char* path) { 386 // We have historically supported ':' as well as ' ' in LD_PRELOAD. 387 parse_path(path, " :", gLdPreloadNames, 388 gLdPreloadsBuffer, sizeof(gLdPreloadsBuffer), LDPRELOAD_MAX); 389} 390 391#ifdef ANDROID_ARM_LINKER 392 393/* For a given PC, find the .so that it belongs to. 394 * Returns the base address of the .ARM.exidx section 395 * for that .so, and the number of 8-byte entries 396 * in that section (via *pcount). 397 * 398 * Intended to be called by libc's __gnu_Unwind_Find_exidx(). 399 * 400 * This function is exposed via dlfcn.cpp and libdl.so. 401 */ 402_Unwind_Ptr dl_unwind_find_exidx(_Unwind_Ptr pc, int *pcount) 403{ 404 soinfo *si; 405 unsigned addr = (unsigned)pc; 406 407 for (si = solist; si != 0; si = si->next){ 408 if ((addr >= si->base) && (addr < (si->base + si->size))) { 409 *pcount = si->ARM_exidx_count; 410 return (_Unwind_Ptr)si->ARM_exidx; 411 } 412 } 413 *pcount = 0; 414 return NULL; 415} 416 417#elif defined(ANDROID_X86_LINKER) || defined(ANDROID_MIPS_LINKER) 418 419/* Here, we only have to provide a callback to iterate across all the 420 * loaded libraries. gcc_eh does the rest. */ 421int 422dl_iterate_phdr(int (*cb)(dl_phdr_info *info, size_t size, void *data), 423 void *data) 424{ 425 int rv = 0; 426 for (soinfo* si = solist; si != NULL; si = si->next) { 427 dl_phdr_info dl_info; 428 dl_info.dlpi_addr = si->link_map.l_addr; 429 dl_info.dlpi_name = si->link_map.l_name; 430 dl_info.dlpi_phdr = si->phdr; 431 dl_info.dlpi_phnum = si->phnum; 432 rv = cb(&dl_info, sizeof(dl_phdr_info), data); 433 if (rv != 0) { 434 break; 435 } 436 } 437 return rv; 438} 439 440#endif 441 442static Elf32_Sym* soinfo_elf_lookup(soinfo* si, unsigned hash, const char* name) { 443 Elf32_Sym* symtab = si->symtab; 444 const char* strtab = si->strtab; 445 446 TRACE_TYPE(LOOKUP, "SEARCH %s in %s@0x%08x %08x %d", 447 name, si->name, si->base, hash, hash % si->nbucket); 448 449 for (unsigned n = si->bucket[hash % si->nbucket]; n != 0; n = si->chain[n]) { 450 Elf32_Sym* s = symtab + n; 451 if (strcmp(strtab + s->st_name, name)) continue; 452 453 /* only concern ourselves with global and weak symbol definitions */ 454 switch(ELF32_ST_BIND(s->st_info)){ 455 case STB_GLOBAL: 456 case STB_WEAK: 457 if (s->st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF) { 458 continue; 459 } 460 461 TRACE_TYPE(LOOKUP, "FOUND %s in %s (%08x) %d", 462 name, si->name, s->st_value, s->st_size); 463 return s; 464 } 465 } 466 467 return NULL; 468} 469 470static unsigned elfhash(const char* _name) { 471 const unsigned char* name = (const unsigned char*) _name; 472 unsigned h = 0, g; 473 474 while(*name) { 475 h = (h << 4) + *name++; 476 g = h & 0xf0000000; 477 h ^= g; 478 h ^= g >> 24; 479 } 480 return h; 481} 482 483static Elf32_Sym* soinfo_do_lookup(soinfo* si, const char* name, soinfo** lsi, soinfo* needed[]) { 484 unsigned elf_hash = elfhash(name); 485 Elf32_Sym* s = NULL; 486 487 if (si != NULL && somain != NULL) { 488 489 /* 490 * Local scope is executable scope. Just start looking into it right away 491 * for the shortcut. 492 */ 493 494 if (si == somain) { 495 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(si, elf_hash, name); 496 if (s != NULL) { 497 *lsi = si; 498 goto done; 499 } 500 } else { 501 /* Order of symbol lookup is controlled by DT_SYMBOLIC flag */ 502 503 /* 504 * If this object was built with symbolic relocations disabled, the 505 * first place to look to resolve external references is the main 506 * executable. 507 */ 508 509 if (!si->has_DT_SYMBOLIC) { 510 DEBUG("%s: looking up %s in executable %s", 511 si->name, name, somain->name); 512 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(somain, elf_hash, name); 513 if (s != NULL) { 514 *lsi = somain; 515 goto done; 516 } 517 } 518 519 /* Look for symbols in the local scope (the object who is 520 * searching). This happens with C++ templates on i386 for some 521 * reason. 522 * 523 * Notes on weak symbols: 524 * The ELF specs are ambiguous about treatment of weak definitions in 525 * dynamic linking. Some systems return the first definition found 526 * and some the first non-weak definition. This is system dependent. 527 * Here we return the first definition found for simplicity. */ 528 529 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(si, elf_hash, name); 530 if (s != NULL) { 531 *lsi = si; 532 goto done; 533 } 534 535 /* 536 * If this object was built with -Bsymbolic and symbol is not found 537 * in the local scope, try to find the symbol in the main executable. 538 */ 539 540 if (si->has_DT_SYMBOLIC) { 541 DEBUG("%s: looking up %s in executable %s after local scope", 542 si->name, name, somain->name); 543 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(somain, elf_hash, name); 544 if (s != NULL) { 545 *lsi = somain; 546 goto done; 547 } 548 } 549 } 550 } 551 552 /* Next, look for it in the preloads list */ 553 for (int i = 0; gLdPreloads[i] != NULL; i++) { 554 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(gLdPreloads[i], elf_hash, name); 555 if (s != NULL) { 556 *lsi = gLdPreloads[i]; 557 goto done; 558 } 559 } 560 561 for (int i = 0; needed[i] != NULL; i++) { 562 DEBUG("%s: looking up %s in %s", 563 si->name, name, needed[i]->name); 564 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(needed[i], elf_hash, name); 565 if (s != NULL) { 566 *lsi = needed[i]; 567 goto done; 568 } 569 } 570 571done: 572 if (s != NULL) { 573 TRACE_TYPE(LOOKUP, "si %s sym %s s->st_value = 0x%08x, " 574 "found in %s, base = 0x%08x, load bias = 0x%08x", 575 si->name, name, s->st_value, 576 (*lsi)->name, (*lsi)->base, (*lsi)->load_bias); 577 return s; 578 } 579 580 return NULL; 581} 582 583/* This is used by dlsym(3). It performs symbol lookup only within the 584 specified soinfo object and not in any of its dependencies. 585 586 TODO: Only looking in the specified soinfo seems wrong. dlsym(3) says 587 that it should do a breadth first search through the dependency 588 tree. This agrees with the ELF spec (aka System V Application 589 Binary Interface) where in Chapter 5 it discuss resolving "Shared 590 Object Dependencies" in breadth first search order. 591 */ 592Elf32_Sym* dlsym_handle_lookup(soinfo* si, const char* name) 593{ 594 return soinfo_elf_lookup(si, elfhash(name), name); 595} 596 597/* This is used by dlsym(3) to performs a global symbol lookup. If the 598 start value is null (for RTLD_DEFAULT), the search starts at the 599 beginning of the global solist. Otherwise the search starts at the 600 specified soinfo (for RTLD_NEXT). 601 */ 602Elf32_Sym* dlsym_linear_lookup(const char* name, soinfo** found, soinfo* start) { 603 unsigned elf_hash = elfhash(name); 604 605 if (start == NULL) { 606 start = solist; 607 } 608 609 Elf32_Sym* s = NULL; 610 for (soinfo* si = start; (s == NULL) && (si != NULL); si = si->next) { 611 s = soinfo_elf_lookup(si, elf_hash, name); 612 if (s != NULL) { 613 *found = si; 614 break; 615 } 616 } 617 618 if (s != NULL) { 619 TRACE_TYPE(LOOKUP, "%s s->st_value = 0x%08x, found->base = 0x%08x", 620 name, s->st_value, (*found)->base); 621 } 622 623 return s; 624} 625 626soinfo* find_containing_library(const void* p) { 627 Elf32_Addr address = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr>(p); 628 for (soinfo* si = solist; si != NULL; si = si->next) { 629 if (address >= si->base && address - si->base < si->size) { 630 return si; 631 } 632 } 633 return NULL; 634} 635 636Elf32_Sym* dladdr_find_symbol(soinfo* si, const void* addr) { 637 Elf32_Addr soaddr = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr>(addr) - si->base; 638 639 // Search the library's symbol table for any defined symbol which 640 // contains this address. 641 for (size_t i = 0; i < si->nchain; ++i) { 642 Elf32_Sym* sym = &si->symtab[i]; 643 if (sym->st_shndx != SHN_UNDEF && 644 soaddr >= sym->st_value && 645 soaddr < sym->st_value + sym->st_size) { 646 return sym; 647 } 648 } 649 650 return NULL; 651} 652 653#if 0 654static void dump(soinfo* si) 655{ 656 Elf32_Sym* s = si->symtab; 657 for (unsigned n = 0; n < si->nchain; n++) { 658 TRACE("%04d> %08x: %02x %04x %08x %08x %s", n, s, 659 s->st_info, s->st_shndx, s->st_value, s->st_size, 660 si->strtab + s->st_name); 661 s++; 662 } 663} 664#endif 665 666static int open_library_on_path(const char* name, const char* const paths[]) { 667 char buf[512]; 668 for (size_t i = 0; paths[i] != NULL; ++i) { 669 int n = __libc_format_buffer(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", paths[i], name); 670 if (n < 0 || n >= static_cast<int>(sizeof(buf))) { 671 PRINT("Warning: ignoring very long library path: %s/%s", paths[i], name); 672 continue; 673 } 674 int fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(buf, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)); 675 if (fd != -1) { 676 return fd; 677 } 678 } 679 return -1; 680} 681 682static int open_library(const char* name) { 683 TRACE("[ opening %s ]", name); 684 685 // If the name contains a slash, we should attempt to open it directly and not search the paths. 686 if (strchr(name, '/') != NULL) { 687 int fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(name, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)); 688 if (fd != -1) { 689 return fd; 690 } 691 // ...but nvidia binary blobs (at least) rely on this behavior, so fall through for now. 692 } 693 694 // Otherwise we try LD_LIBRARY_PATH first, and fall back to the built-in well known paths. 695 int fd = open_library_on_path(name, gLdPaths); 696 if (fd == -1) { 697 fd = open_library_on_path(name, gSoPaths); 698 } 699 return fd; 700} 701 702static soinfo* load_library(const char* name) { 703 // Open the file. 704 int fd = open_library(name); 705 if (fd == -1) { 706 DL_ERR("library \"%s\" not found", name); 707 return NULL; 708 } 709 710 // Read the ELF header and load the segments. 711 ElfReader elf_reader(name, fd); 712 if (!elf_reader.Load()) { 713 return NULL; 714 } 715 716 const char* bname = strrchr(name, '/'); 717 soinfo* si = soinfo_alloc(bname ? bname + 1 : name); 718 if (si == NULL) { 719 return NULL; 720 } 721 si->base = elf_reader.load_start(); 722 si->size = elf_reader.load_size(); 723 si->load_bias = elf_reader.load_bias(); 724 si->flags = 0; 725 si->entry = 0; 726 si->dynamic = NULL; 727 si->phnum = elf_reader.phdr_count(); 728 si->phdr = elf_reader.loaded_phdr(); 729 return si; 730} 731 732static soinfo *find_loaded_library(const char *name) 733{ 734 soinfo *si; 735 const char *bname; 736 737 // TODO: don't use basename only for determining libraries 738 // http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=6670 739 740 bname = strrchr(name, '/'); 741 bname = bname ? bname + 1 : name; 742 743 for (si = solist; si != NULL; si = si->next) { 744 if (!strcmp(bname, si->name)) { 745 return si; 746 } 747 } 748 return NULL; 749} 750 751static soinfo* find_library_internal(const char* name) { 752 if (name == NULL) { 753 return somain; 754 } 755 756 soinfo* si = find_loaded_library(name); 757 if (si != NULL) { 758 if (si->flags & FLAG_LINKED) { 759 return si; 760 } 761 DL_ERR("OOPS: recursive link to \"%s\"", si->name); 762 return NULL; 763 } 764 765 TRACE("[ '%s' has not been loaded yet. Locating...]", name); 766 si = load_library(name); 767 if (si == NULL) { 768 return NULL; 769 } 770 771 // At this point we know that whatever is loaded @ base is a valid ELF 772 // shared library whose segments are properly mapped in. 773 TRACE("[ init_library base=0x%08x sz=0x%08x name='%s' ]", 774 si->base, si->size, si->name); 775 776 if (!soinfo_link_image(si)) { 777 munmap(reinterpret_cast<void*>(si->base), si->size); 778 soinfo_free(si); 779 return NULL; 780 } 781 782 return si; 783} 784 785static soinfo* find_library(const char* name) { 786 soinfo* si = find_library_internal(name); 787 if (si != NULL) { 788 si->ref_count++; 789 } 790 return si; 791} 792 793static int soinfo_unload(soinfo* si) { 794 if (si->ref_count == 1) { 795 TRACE("unloading '%s'", si->name); 796 si->CallDestructors(); 797 798 for (Elf32_Dyn* d = si->dynamic; d->d_tag != DT_NULL; ++d) { 799 if (d->d_tag == DT_NEEDED) { 800 const char* library_name = si->strtab + d->d_un.d_val; 801 TRACE("%s needs to unload %s", si->name, library_name); 802 soinfo_unload(find_loaded_library(library_name)); 803 } 804 } 805 806 munmap(reinterpret_cast<void*>(si->base), si->size); 807 notify_gdb_of_unload(si); 808 soinfo_free(si); 809 si->ref_count = 0; 810 } else { 811 si->ref_count--; 812 TRACE("not unloading '%s', decrementing ref_count to %d", si->name, si->ref_count); 813 } 814 return 0; 815} 816 817void do_android_update_LD_LIBRARY_PATH(const char* ld_library_path) { 818 if (!get_AT_SECURE()) { 819 parse_LD_LIBRARY_PATH(ld_library_path); 820 } 821} 822 823soinfo* do_dlopen(const char* name, int flags) { 824 if ((flags & ~(RTLD_NOW|RTLD_LAZY|RTLD_LOCAL|RTLD_GLOBAL)) != 0) { 825 DL_ERR("invalid flags to dlopen: %x", flags); 826 return NULL; 827 } 828 set_soinfo_pool_protection(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); 829 soinfo* si = find_library(name); 830 if (si != NULL) { 831 si->CallConstructors(); 832 } 833 set_soinfo_pool_protection(PROT_READ); 834 return si; 835} 836 837int do_dlclose(soinfo* si) { 838 set_soinfo_pool_protection(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); 839 int result = soinfo_unload(si); 840 set_soinfo_pool_protection(PROT_READ); 841 return result; 842} 843 844/* TODO: don't use unsigned for addrs below. It works, but is not 845 * ideal. They should probably be either uint32_t, Elf32_Addr, or unsigned 846 * long. 847 */ 848static int soinfo_relocate(soinfo* si, Elf32_Rel* rel, unsigned count, 849 soinfo* needed[]) 850{ 851 Elf32_Sym* symtab = si->symtab; 852 const char* strtab = si->strtab; 853 Elf32_Sym* s; 854 Elf32_Rel* start = rel; 855 soinfo* lsi; 856 857 for (size_t idx = 0; idx < count; ++idx, ++rel) { 858 unsigned type = ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info); 859 unsigned sym = ELF32_R_SYM(rel->r_info); 860 Elf32_Addr reloc = static_cast<Elf32_Addr>(rel->r_offset + si->load_bias); 861 Elf32_Addr sym_addr = 0; 862 char* sym_name = NULL; 863 864 DEBUG("Processing '%s' relocation at index %d", si->name, idx); 865 if (type == 0) { // R_*_NONE 866 continue; 867 } 868 if (sym != 0) { 869 sym_name = (char *)(strtab + symtab[sym].st_name); 870 s = soinfo_do_lookup(si, sym_name, &lsi, needed); 871 if (s == NULL) { 872 /* We only allow an undefined symbol if this is a weak 873 reference.. */ 874 s = &symtab[sym]; 875 if (ELF32_ST_BIND(s->st_info) != STB_WEAK) { 876 DL_ERR("cannot locate symbol \"%s\" referenced by \"%s\"...", sym_name, si->name); 877 return -1; 878 } 879 880 /* IHI0044C AAELF 4.5.1.1: 881 882 Libraries are not searched to resolve weak references. 883 It is not an error for a weak reference to remain 884 unsatisfied. 885 886 During linking, the value of an undefined weak reference is: 887 - Zero if the relocation type is absolute 888 - The address of the place if the relocation is pc-relative 889 - The address of nominal base address if the relocation 890 type is base-relative. 891 */ 892 893 switch (type) { 894#if defined(ANDROID_ARM_LINKER) 895 case R_ARM_JUMP_SLOT: 896 case R_ARM_GLOB_DAT: 897 case R_ARM_ABS32: 898 case R_ARM_RELATIVE: /* Don't care. */ 899#elif defined(ANDROID_X86_LINKER) 900 case R_386_JMP_SLOT: 901 case R_386_GLOB_DAT: 902 case R_386_32: 903 case R_386_RELATIVE: /* Dont' care. */ 904#endif /* ANDROID_*_LINKER */ 905 /* sym_addr was initialized to be zero above or relocation 906 code below does not care about value of sym_addr. 907 No need to do anything. */ 908 break; 909 910#if defined(ANDROID_X86_LINKER) 911 case R_386_PC32: 912 sym_addr = reloc; 913 break; 914#endif /* ANDROID_X86_LINKER */ 915 916#if defined(ANDROID_ARM_LINKER) 917 case R_ARM_COPY: 918 /* Fall through. Can't really copy if weak symbol is 919 not found in run-time. */ 920#endif /* ANDROID_ARM_LINKER */ 921 default: 922 DL_ERR("unknown weak reloc type %d @ %p (%d)", 923 type, rel, (int) (rel - start)); 924 return -1; 925 } 926 } else { 927 /* We got a definition. */ 928#if 0 929 if ((base == 0) && (si->base != 0)) { 930 /* linking from libraries to main image is bad */ 931 DL_ERR("cannot locate \"%s\"...", 932 strtab + symtab[sym].st_name); 933 return -1; 934 } 935#endif 936 sym_addr = static_cast<Elf32_Addr>(s->st_value + lsi->load_bias); 937 } 938 count_relocation(kRelocSymbol); 939 } else { 940 s = NULL; 941 } 942 943/* TODO: This is ugly. Split up the relocations by arch into 944 * different files. 945 */ 946 switch(type){ 947#if defined(ANDROID_ARM_LINKER) 948 case R_ARM_JUMP_SLOT: 949 count_relocation(kRelocAbsolute); 950 MARK(rel->r_offset); 951 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO JMP_SLOT %08x <- %08x %s", reloc, sym_addr, sym_name); 952 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) = sym_addr; 953 break; 954 case R_ARM_GLOB_DAT: 955 count_relocation(kRelocAbsolute); 956 MARK(rel->r_offset); 957 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO GLOB_DAT %08x <- %08x %s", reloc, sym_addr, sym_name); 958 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) = sym_addr; 959 break; 960 case R_ARM_ABS32: 961 count_relocation(kRelocAbsolute); 962 MARK(rel->r_offset); 963 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO ABS %08x <- %08x %s", reloc, sym_addr, sym_name); 964 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += sym_addr; 965 break; 966 case R_ARM_REL32: 967 count_relocation(kRelocRelative); 968 MARK(rel->r_offset); 969 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO REL32 %08x <- %08x - %08x %s", 970 reloc, sym_addr, rel->r_offset, sym_name); 971 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += sym_addr - rel->r_offset; 972 break; 973#elif defined(ANDROID_X86_LINKER) 974 case R_386_JMP_SLOT: 975 count_relocation(kRelocAbsolute); 976 MARK(rel->r_offset); 977 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO JMP_SLOT %08x <- %08x %s", reloc, sym_addr, sym_name); 978 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) = sym_addr; 979 break; 980 case R_386_GLOB_DAT: 981 count_relocation(kRelocAbsolute); 982 MARK(rel->r_offset); 983 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO GLOB_DAT %08x <- %08x %s", reloc, sym_addr, sym_name); 984 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) = sym_addr; 985 break; 986#elif defined(ANDROID_MIPS_LINKER) 987 case R_MIPS_REL32: 988 count_relocation(kRelocAbsolute); 989 MARK(rel->r_offset); 990 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO REL32 %08x <- %08x %s", 991 reloc, sym_addr, (sym_name) ? sym_name : "*SECTIONHDR*"); 992 if (s) { 993 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += sym_addr; 994 } else { 995 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += si->base; 996 } 997 break; 998#endif /* ANDROID_*_LINKER */ 999 1000#if defined(ANDROID_ARM_LINKER) 1001 case R_ARM_RELATIVE: 1002#elif defined(ANDROID_X86_LINKER) 1003 case R_386_RELATIVE: 1004#endif /* ANDROID_*_LINKER */ 1005 count_relocation(kRelocRelative); 1006 MARK(rel->r_offset); 1007 if (sym) { 1008 DL_ERR("odd RELATIVE form..."); 1009 return -1; 1010 } 1011 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO RELATIVE %08x <- +%08x", reloc, si->base); 1012 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += si->base; 1013 break; 1014 1015#if defined(ANDROID_X86_LINKER) 1016 case R_386_32: 1017 count_relocation(kRelocRelative); 1018 MARK(rel->r_offset); 1019 1020 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO R_386_32 %08x <- +%08x %s", reloc, sym_addr, sym_name); 1021 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += sym_addr; 1022 break; 1023 1024 case R_386_PC32: 1025 count_relocation(kRelocRelative); 1026 MARK(rel->r_offset); 1027 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO R_386_PC32 %08x <- +%08x (%08x - %08x) %s", 1028 reloc, (sym_addr - reloc), sym_addr, reloc, sym_name); 1029 *reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr*>(reloc) += (sym_addr - reloc); 1030 break; 1031#endif /* ANDROID_X86_LINKER */ 1032 1033#ifdef ANDROID_ARM_LINKER 1034 case R_ARM_COPY: 1035 if ((si->flags & FLAG_EXE) == 0) { 1036 /* 1037 * http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ihi0044d/IHI0044D_aaelf.pdf 1038 * 1039 * Section 4.7.1.10 "Dynamic relocations" 1040 * R_ARM_COPY may only appear in executable objects where e_type is 1041 * set to ET_EXEC. 1042 * 1043 * TODO: FLAG_EXE is set for both ET_DYN and ET_EXEC executables. 1044 * We should explicitly disallow ET_DYN executables from having 1045 * R_ARM_COPY relocations. 1046 */ 1047 DL_ERR("%s R_ARM_COPY relocations only supported for ET_EXEC", si->name); 1048 return -1; 1049 } 1050 count_relocation(kRelocCopy); 1051 MARK(rel->r_offset); 1052 TRACE_TYPE(RELO, "RELO %08x <- %d @ %08x %s", reloc, s->st_size, sym_addr, sym_name); 1053 if (reloc == sym_addr) { 1054 Elf32_Sym *src = soinfo_do_lookup(NULL, sym_name, &lsi, needed); 1055 1056 if (src == NULL) { 1057 DL_ERR("%s R_ARM_COPY relocation source cannot be resolved", si->name); 1058 return -1; 1059 } 1060 if (lsi->has_DT_SYMBOLIC) { 1061 DL_ERR("%s invalid R_ARM_COPY relocation against DT_SYMBOLIC shared " 1062 "library %s (built with -Bsymbolic?)", si->name, lsi->name); 1063 return -1; 1064 } 1065 if (s->st_size < src->st_size) { 1066 DL_ERR("%s R_ARM_COPY relocation size mismatch (%d < %d)", 1067 si->name, s->st_size, src->st_size); 1068 return -1; 1069 } 1070 memcpy((void*)reloc, (void*)(src->st_value + lsi->load_bias), src->st_size); 1071 } else { 1072 DL_ERR("%s R_ARM_COPY relocation target cannot be resolved", si->name); 1073 return -1; 1074 } 1075 break; 1076#endif /* ANDROID_ARM_LINKER */ 1077 1078 default: 1079 DL_ERR("unknown reloc type %d @ %p (%d)", 1080 type, rel, (int) (rel - start)); 1081 return -1; 1082 } 1083 } 1084 return 0; 1085} 1086 1087#ifdef ANDROID_MIPS_LINKER 1088static int mips_relocate_got(soinfo* si, soinfo* needed[]) { 1089 unsigned *got; 1090 unsigned local_gotno, gotsym, symtabno; 1091 Elf32_Sym *symtab, *sym; 1092 unsigned g; 1093 1094 got = si->plt_got; 1095 local_gotno = si->mips_local_gotno; 1096 gotsym = si->mips_gotsym; 1097 symtabno = si->mips_symtabno; 1098 symtab = si->symtab; 1099 1100 /* 1101 * got[0] is address of lazy resolver function 1102 * got[1] may be used for a GNU extension 1103 * set it to a recognizable address in case someone calls it 1104 * (should be _rtld_bind_start) 1105 * FIXME: maybe this should be in a separate routine 1106 */ 1107 1108 if ((si->flags & FLAG_LINKER) == 0) { 1109 g = 0; 1110 got[g++] = 0xdeadbeef; 1111 if (got[g] & 0x80000000) { 1112 got[g++] = 0xdeadfeed; 1113 } 1114 /* 1115 * Relocate the local GOT entries need to be relocated 1116 */ 1117 for (; g < local_gotno; g++) { 1118 got[g] += si->load_bias; 1119 } 1120 } 1121 1122 /* Now for the global GOT entries */ 1123 sym = symtab + gotsym; 1124 got = si->plt_got + local_gotno; 1125 for (g = gotsym; g < symtabno; g++, sym++, got++) { 1126 const char* sym_name; 1127 Elf32_Sym* s; 1128 soinfo* lsi; 1129 1130 /* This is an undefined reference... try to locate it */ 1131 sym_name = si->strtab + sym->st_name; 1132 s = soinfo_do_lookup(si, sym_name, &lsi, needed); 1133 if (s == NULL) { 1134 /* We only allow an undefined symbol if this is a weak 1135 reference.. */ 1136 s = &symtab[g]; 1137 if (ELF32_ST_BIND(s->st_info) != STB_WEAK) { 1138 DL_ERR("cannot locate \"%s\"...", sym_name); 1139 return -1; 1140 } 1141 *got = 0; 1142 } 1143 else { 1144 /* FIXME: is this sufficient? 1145 * For reference see NetBSD link loader 1146 * http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/src/libexec/ld.elf_so/arch/mips/mips_reloc.c?rev=1.53&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup 1147 */ 1148 *got = lsi->load_bias + s->st_value; 1149 } 1150 } 1151 return 0; 1152} 1153#endif 1154 1155void soinfo::CallArray(const char* array_name UNUSED, linker_function_t* functions, size_t count, bool reverse) { 1156 if (functions == NULL) { 1157 return; 1158 } 1159 1160 TRACE("[ Calling %s (size %d) @ %p for '%s' ]", array_name, count, functions, name); 1161 1162 int begin = reverse ? (count - 1) : 0; 1163 int end = reverse ? -1 : count; 1164 int step = reverse ? -1 : 1; 1165 1166 for (int i = begin; i != end; i += step) { 1167 TRACE("[ %s[%d] == %p ]", array_name, i, functions[i]); 1168 CallFunction("function", functions[i]); 1169 } 1170 1171 TRACE("[ Done calling %s for '%s' ]", array_name, name); 1172} 1173 1174void soinfo::CallFunction(const char* function_name UNUSED, linker_function_t function) { 1175 if (function == NULL || reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(function) == static_cast<uintptr_t>(-1)) { 1176 return; 1177 } 1178 1179 TRACE("[ Calling %s @ %p for '%s' ]", function_name, function, name); 1180 function(); 1181 TRACE("[ Done calling %s @ %p for '%s' ]", function_name, function, name); 1182 1183 // The function may have called dlopen(3) or dlclose(3), so we need to ensure our data structures 1184 // are still writable. This happens with our debug malloc (see http://b/7941716). 1185 set_soinfo_pool_protection(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE); 1186} 1187 1188void soinfo::CallPreInitConstructors() { 1189 // DT_PREINIT_ARRAY functions are called before any other constructors for executables, 1190 // but ignored in a shared library. 1191 CallArray("DT_PREINIT_ARRAY", preinit_array, preinit_array_count, false); 1192} 1193 1194void soinfo::CallConstructors() { 1195 if (constructors_called) { 1196 return; 1197 } 1198 1199 // We set constructors_called before actually calling the constructors, otherwise it doesn't 1200 // protect against recursive constructor calls. One simple example of constructor recursion 1201 // is the libc debug malloc, which is implemented in libc_malloc_debug_leak.so: 1202 // 1. The program depends on libc, so libc's constructor is called here. 1203 // 2. The libc constructor calls dlopen() to load libc_malloc_debug_leak.so. 1204 // 3. dlopen() calls the constructors on the newly created 1205 // soinfo for libc_malloc_debug_leak.so. 1206 // 4. The debug .so depends on libc, so CallConstructors is 1207 // called again with the libc soinfo. If it doesn't trigger the early- 1208 // out above, the libc constructor will be called again (recursively!). 1209 constructors_called = true; 1210 1211 if ((flags & FLAG_EXE) == 0 && preinit_array != NULL) { 1212 // The GNU dynamic linker silently ignores these, but we warn the developer. 1213 PRINT("\"%s\": ignoring %d-entry DT_PREINIT_ARRAY in shared library!", 1214 name, preinit_array_count); 1215 } 1216 1217 if (dynamic != NULL) { 1218 for (Elf32_Dyn* d = dynamic; d->d_tag != DT_NULL; ++d) { 1219 if (d->d_tag == DT_NEEDED) { 1220 const char* library_name = strtab + d->d_un.d_val; 1221 TRACE("\"%s\": calling constructors in DT_NEEDED \"%s\"", name, library_name); 1222 find_loaded_library(library_name)->CallConstructors(); 1223 } 1224 } 1225 } 1226 1227 TRACE("\"%s\": calling constructors", name); 1228 1229 // DT_INIT should be called before DT_INIT_ARRAY if both are present. 1230 CallFunction("DT_INIT", init_func); 1231 CallArray("DT_INIT_ARRAY", init_array, init_array_count, false); 1232} 1233 1234void soinfo::CallDestructors() { 1235 TRACE("\"%s\": calling destructors", name); 1236 1237 // DT_FINI_ARRAY must be parsed in reverse order. 1238 CallArray("DT_FINI_ARRAY", fini_array, fini_array_count, true); 1239 1240 // DT_FINI should be called after DT_FINI_ARRAY if both are present. 1241 CallFunction("DT_FINI", fini_func); 1242} 1243 1244/* Force any of the closed stdin, stdout and stderr to be associated with 1245 /dev/null. */ 1246static int nullify_closed_stdio() { 1247 int dev_null, i, status; 1248 int return_value = 0; 1249 1250 dev_null = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/null", O_RDWR)); 1251 if (dev_null < 0) { 1252 DL_ERR("cannot open /dev/null: %s", strerror(errno)); 1253 return -1; 1254 } 1255 TRACE("[ Opened /dev/null file-descriptor=%d]", dev_null); 1256 1257 /* If any of the stdio file descriptors is valid and not associated 1258 with /dev/null, dup /dev/null to it. */ 1259 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { 1260 /* If it is /dev/null already, we are done. */ 1261 if (i == dev_null) { 1262 continue; 1263 } 1264 1265 TRACE("[ Nullifying stdio file descriptor %d]", i); 1266 status = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(i, F_GETFL)); 1267 1268 /* If file is opened, we are good. */ 1269 if (status != -1) { 1270 continue; 1271 } 1272 1273 /* The only error we allow is that the file descriptor does not 1274 exist, in which case we dup /dev/null to it. */ 1275 if (errno != EBADF) { 1276 DL_ERR("fcntl failed: %s", strerror(errno)); 1277 return_value = -1; 1278 continue; 1279 } 1280 1281 /* Try dupping /dev/null to this stdio file descriptor and 1282 repeat if there is a signal. Note that any errors in closing 1283 the stdio descriptor are lost. */ 1284 status = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(dev_null, i)); 1285 if (status < 0) { 1286 DL_ERR("dup2 failed: %s", strerror(errno)); 1287 return_value = -1; 1288 continue; 1289 } 1290 } 1291 1292 /* If /dev/null is not one of the stdio file descriptors, close it. */ 1293 if (dev_null > 2) { 1294 TRACE("[ Closing /dev/null file-descriptor=%d]", dev_null); 1295 status = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(close(dev_null)); 1296 if (status == -1) { 1297 DL_ERR("close failed: %s", strerror(errno)); 1298 return_value = -1; 1299 } 1300 } 1301 1302 return return_value; 1303} 1304 1305static bool soinfo_link_image(soinfo* si) { 1306 /* "base" might wrap around UINT32_MAX. */ 1307 Elf32_Addr base = si->load_bias; 1308 const Elf32_Phdr *phdr = si->phdr; 1309 int phnum = si->phnum; 1310 bool relocating_linker = (si->flags & FLAG_LINKER) != 0; 1311 1312 /* We can't debug anything until the linker is relocated */ 1313 if (!relocating_linker) { 1314 INFO("[ linking %s ]", si->name); 1315 DEBUG("si->base = 0x%08x si->flags = 0x%08x", si->base, si->flags); 1316 } 1317 1318 /* Extract dynamic section */ 1319 size_t dynamic_count; 1320 Elf32_Word dynamic_flags; 1321 phdr_table_get_dynamic_section(phdr, phnum, base, &si->dynamic, 1322 &dynamic_count, &dynamic_flags); 1323 if (si->dynamic == NULL) { 1324 if (!relocating_linker) { 1325 DL_ERR("missing PT_DYNAMIC in \"%s\"", si->name); 1326 } 1327 return false; 1328 } else { 1329 if (!relocating_linker) { 1330 DEBUG("dynamic = %p", si->dynamic); 1331 } 1332 } 1333 1334#ifdef ANDROID_ARM_LINKER 1335 (void) phdr_table_get_arm_exidx(phdr, phnum, base, 1336 &si->ARM_exidx, &si->ARM_exidx_count); 1337#endif 1338 1339 // Extract useful information from dynamic section. 1340 uint32_t needed_count = 0; 1341 for (Elf32_Dyn* d = si->dynamic; d->d_tag != DT_NULL; ++d) { 1342 DEBUG("d = %p, d[0](tag) = 0x%08x d[1](val) = 0x%08x", d, d->d_tag, d->d_un.d_val); 1343 switch(d->d_tag){ 1344 case DT_HASH: 1345 si->nbucket = ((unsigned *) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr))[0]; 1346 si->nchain = ((unsigned *) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr))[1]; 1347 si->bucket = (unsigned *) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr + 8); 1348 si->chain = (unsigned *) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr + 8 + si->nbucket * 4); 1349 break; 1350 case DT_STRTAB: 1351 si->strtab = (const char *) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1352 break; 1353 case DT_SYMTAB: 1354 si->symtab = (Elf32_Sym *) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1355 break; 1356 case DT_PLTREL: 1357 if (d->d_un.d_val != DT_REL) { 1358 DL_ERR("unsupported DT_RELA in \"%s\"", si->name); 1359 return false; 1360 } 1361 break; 1362 case DT_JMPREL: 1363 si->plt_rel = (Elf32_Rel*) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1364 break; 1365 case DT_PLTRELSZ: 1366 si->plt_rel_count = d->d_un.d_val / sizeof(Elf32_Rel); 1367 break; 1368 case DT_REL: 1369 si->rel = (Elf32_Rel*) (base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1370 break; 1371 case DT_RELSZ: 1372 si->rel_count = d->d_un.d_val / sizeof(Elf32_Rel); 1373 break; 1374 case DT_PLTGOT: 1375 /* Save this in case we decide to do lazy binding. We don't yet. */ 1376 si->plt_got = (unsigned *)(base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1377 break; 1378 case DT_DEBUG: 1379 // Set the DT_DEBUG entry to the address of _r_debug for GDB 1380 // if the dynamic table is writable 1381 if ((dynamic_flags & PF_W) != 0) { 1382 d->d_un.d_val = (int) &_r_debug; 1383 } 1384 break; 1385 case DT_RELA: 1386 DL_ERR("unsupported DT_RELA in \"%s\"", si->name); 1387 return false; 1388 case DT_INIT: 1389 si->init_func = reinterpret_cast<linker_function_t>(base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1390 DEBUG("%s constructors (DT_INIT) found at %p", si->name, si->init_func); 1391 break; 1392 case DT_FINI: 1393 si->fini_func = reinterpret_cast<linker_function_t>(base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1394 DEBUG("%s destructors (DT_FINI) found at %p", si->name, si->fini_func); 1395 break; 1396 case DT_INIT_ARRAY: 1397 si->init_array = reinterpret_cast<linker_function_t*>(base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1398 DEBUG("%s constructors (DT_INIT_ARRAY) found at %p", si->name, si->init_array); 1399 break; 1400 case DT_INIT_ARRAYSZ: 1401 si->init_array_count = ((unsigned)d->d_un.d_val) / sizeof(Elf32_Addr); 1402 break; 1403 case DT_FINI_ARRAY: 1404 si->fini_array = reinterpret_cast<linker_function_t*>(base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1405 DEBUG("%s destructors (DT_FINI_ARRAY) found at %p", si->name, si->fini_array); 1406 break; 1407 case DT_FINI_ARRAYSZ: 1408 si->fini_array_count = ((unsigned)d->d_un.d_val) / sizeof(Elf32_Addr); 1409 break; 1410 case DT_PREINIT_ARRAY: 1411 si->preinit_array = reinterpret_cast<linker_function_t*>(base + d->d_un.d_ptr); 1412 DEBUG("%s constructors (DT_PREINIT_ARRAY) found at %p", si->name, si->preinit_array); 1413 break; 1414 case DT_PREINIT_ARRAYSZ: 1415 si->preinit_array_count = ((unsigned)d->d_un.d_val) / sizeof(Elf32_Addr); 1416 break; 1417 case DT_TEXTREL: 1418 si->has_text_relocations = true; 1419 break; 1420 case DT_SYMBOLIC: 1421 si->has_DT_SYMBOLIC = true; 1422 break; 1423 case DT_NEEDED: 1424 ++needed_count; 1425 break; 1426#if defined DT_FLAGS 1427 // TODO: why is DT_FLAGS not defined? 1428 case DT_FLAGS: 1429 if (d->d_un.d_val & DF_TEXTREL) { 1430 si->has_text_relocations = true; 1431 } 1432 if (d->d_un.d_val & DF_SYMBOLIC) { 1433 si->has_DT_SYMBOLIC = true; 1434 } 1435 break; 1436#endif 1437#if defined(ANDROID_MIPS_LINKER) 1438 case DT_STRSZ: 1439 case DT_SYMENT: 1440 case DT_RELENT: 1441 break; 1442 case DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP: 1443 // Set the DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP entry to the address of _r_debug for GDB. 1444 { 1445 r_debug** dp = (r_debug**) d->d_un.d_ptr; 1446 *dp = &_r_debug; 1447 } 1448 break; 1449 case DT_MIPS_RLD_VERSION: 1450 case DT_MIPS_FLAGS: 1451 case DT_MIPS_BASE_ADDRESS: 1452 case DT_MIPS_UNREFEXTNO: 1453 break; 1454 1455 case DT_MIPS_SYMTABNO: 1456 si->mips_symtabno = d->d_un.d_val; 1457 break; 1458 1459 case DT_MIPS_LOCAL_GOTNO: 1460 si->mips_local_gotno = d->d_un.d_val; 1461 break; 1462 1463 case DT_MIPS_GOTSYM: 1464 si->mips_gotsym = d->d_un.d_val; 1465 break; 1466 1467 default: 1468 DEBUG("Unused DT entry: type 0x%08x arg 0x%08x", d->d_tag, d->d_un.d_val); 1469 break; 1470#endif 1471 } 1472 } 1473 1474 DEBUG("si->base = 0x%08x, si->strtab = %p, si->symtab = %p", 1475 si->base, si->strtab, si->symtab); 1476 1477 // Sanity checks. 1478 if (relocating_linker && needed_count != 0) { 1479 DL_ERR("linker cannot have DT_NEEDED dependencies on other libraries"); 1480 return false; 1481 } 1482 if (si->nbucket == 0) { 1483 DL_ERR("empty/missing DT_HASH in \"%s\" (built with --hash-style=gnu?)", si->name); 1484 return false; 1485 } 1486 if (si->strtab == 0) { 1487 DL_ERR("empty/missing DT_STRTAB in \"%s\"", si->name); 1488 return false; 1489 } 1490 if (si->symtab == 0) { 1491 DL_ERR("empty/missing DT_SYMTAB in \"%s\"", si->name); 1492 return false; 1493 } 1494 1495 // If this is the main executable, then load all of the libraries from LD_PRELOAD now. 1496 if (si->flags & FLAG_EXE) { 1497 memset(gLdPreloads, 0, sizeof(gLdPreloads)); 1498 size_t preload_count = 0; 1499 for (size_t i = 0; gLdPreloadNames[i] != NULL; i++) { 1500 soinfo* lsi = find_library(gLdPreloadNames[i]); 1501 if (lsi != NULL) { 1502 gLdPreloads[preload_count++] = lsi; 1503 } else { 1504 // As with glibc, failure to load an LD_PRELOAD library is just a warning. 1505 DL_WARN("could not load library \"%s\" from LD_PRELOAD for \"%s\"; caused by %s", 1506 gLdPreloadNames[i], si->name, linker_get_error_buffer()); 1507 } 1508 } 1509 } 1510 1511 soinfo** needed = (soinfo**) alloca((1 + needed_count) * sizeof(soinfo*)); 1512 soinfo** pneeded = needed; 1513 1514 for (Elf32_Dyn* d = si->dynamic; d->d_tag != DT_NULL; ++d) { 1515 if (d->d_tag == DT_NEEDED) { 1516 const char* library_name = si->strtab + d->d_un.d_val; 1517 DEBUG("%s needs %s", si->name, library_name); 1518 soinfo* lsi = find_library(library_name); 1519 if (lsi == NULL) { 1520 strlcpy(tmp_err_buf, linker_get_error_buffer(), sizeof(tmp_err_buf)); 1521 DL_ERR("could not load library \"%s\" needed by \"%s\"; caused by %s", 1522 library_name, si->name, tmp_err_buf); 1523 return false; 1524 } 1525 *pneeded++ = lsi; 1526 } 1527 } 1528 *pneeded = NULL; 1529 1530 if (si->has_text_relocations) { 1531 /* Unprotect the segments, i.e. make them writable, to allow 1532 * text relocations to work properly. We will later call 1533 * phdr_table_protect_segments() after all of them are applied 1534 * and all constructors are run. 1535 */ 1536 DL_WARN("%s has text relocations. This is wasting memory and is " 1537 "a security risk. Please fix.", si->name); 1538 if (phdr_table_unprotect_segments(si->phdr, si->phnum, si->load_bias) < 0) { 1539 DL_ERR("can't unprotect loadable segments for \"%s\": %s", 1540 si->name, strerror(errno)); 1541 return false; 1542 } 1543 } 1544 1545 if (si->plt_rel != NULL) { 1546 DEBUG("[ relocating %s plt ]", si->name ); 1547 if (soinfo_relocate(si, si->plt_rel, si->plt_rel_count, needed)) { 1548 return false; 1549 } 1550 } 1551 if (si->rel != NULL) { 1552 DEBUG("[ relocating %s ]", si->name ); 1553 if (soinfo_relocate(si, si->rel, si->rel_count, needed)) { 1554 return false; 1555 } 1556 } 1557 1558#ifdef ANDROID_MIPS_LINKER 1559 if (mips_relocate_got(si, needed)) { 1560 return false; 1561 } 1562#endif 1563 1564 si->flags |= FLAG_LINKED; 1565 DEBUG("[ finished linking %s ]", si->name); 1566 1567 if (si->has_text_relocations) { 1568 /* All relocations are done, we can protect our segments back to 1569 * read-only. */ 1570 if (phdr_table_protect_segments(si->phdr, si->phnum, si->load_bias) < 0) { 1571 DL_ERR("can't protect segments for \"%s\": %s", 1572 si->name, strerror(errno)); 1573 return false; 1574 } 1575 } 1576 1577 /* We can also turn on GNU RELRO protection */ 1578 if (phdr_table_protect_gnu_relro(si->phdr, si->phnum, si->load_bias) < 0) { 1579 DL_ERR("can't enable GNU RELRO protection for \"%s\": %s", 1580 si->name, strerror(errno)); 1581 return false; 1582 } 1583 1584 notify_gdb_of_load(si); 1585 return true; 1586} 1587 1588/* 1589 * This function add vdso to internal dso list. 1590 * It helps to stack unwinding through signal handlers. 1591 * Also, it makes bionic more like glibc. 1592 */ 1593static void add_vdso(KernelArgumentBlock& args UNUSED) { 1594#ifdef AT_SYSINFO_EHDR 1595 Elf32_Ehdr* ehdr_vdso = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Ehdr*>(args.getauxval(AT_SYSINFO_EHDR)); 1596 1597 soinfo* si = soinfo_alloc("[vdso]"); 1598 si->phdr = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Phdr*>(reinterpret_cast<char*>(ehdr_vdso) + ehdr_vdso->e_phoff); 1599 si->phnum = ehdr_vdso->e_phnum; 1600 si->link_map.l_name = si->name; 1601 for (size_t i = 0; i < si->phnum; ++i) { 1602 if (si->phdr[i].p_type == PT_LOAD) { 1603 si->link_map.l_addr = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr>(ehdr_vdso) - si->phdr[i].p_vaddr; 1604 break; 1605 } 1606 } 1607#endif 1608} 1609 1610/* 1611 * This code is called after the linker has linked itself and 1612 * fixed it's own GOT. It is safe to make references to externs 1613 * and other non-local data at this point. 1614 */ 1615static Elf32_Addr __linker_init_post_relocation(KernelArgumentBlock& args, Elf32_Addr linker_base) { 1616 /* NOTE: we store the args pointer on a special location 1617 * of the temporary TLS area in order to pass it to 1618 * the C Library's runtime initializer. 1619 * 1620 * The initializer must clear the slot and reset the TLS 1621 * to point to a different location to ensure that no other 1622 * shared library constructor can access it. 1623 */ 1624 __libc_init_tls(args); 1625 1626#if TIMING 1627 struct timeval t0, t1; 1628 gettimeofday(&t0, 0); 1629#endif 1630 1631 // Initialize environment functions, and get to the ELF aux vectors table. 1632 linker_env_init(args); 1633 1634 // If this is a setuid/setgid program, close the security hole described in 1635 // ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio.asc 1636 if (get_AT_SECURE()) { 1637 nullify_closed_stdio(); 1638 } 1639 1640 debuggerd_init(); 1641 1642 // Get a few environment variables. 1643 const char* LD_DEBUG = linker_env_get("LD_DEBUG"); 1644 if (LD_DEBUG != NULL) { 1645 gLdDebugVerbosity = atoi(LD_DEBUG); 1646 } 1647 1648 // Normally, these are cleaned by linker_env_init, but the test 1649 // doesn't cost us anything. 1650 const char* ldpath_env = NULL; 1651 const char* ldpreload_env = NULL; 1652 if (!get_AT_SECURE()) { 1653 ldpath_env = linker_env_get("LD_LIBRARY_PATH"); 1654 ldpreload_env = linker_env_get("LD_PRELOAD"); 1655 } 1656 1657 INFO("[ android linker & debugger ]"); 1658 1659 soinfo* si = soinfo_alloc(args.argv[0]); 1660 if (si == NULL) { 1661 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1662 } 1663 1664 /* bootstrap the link map, the main exe always needs to be first */ 1665 si->flags |= FLAG_EXE; 1666 link_map_t* map = &(si->link_map); 1667 1668 map->l_addr = 0; 1669 map->l_name = args.argv[0]; 1670 map->l_prev = NULL; 1671 map->l_next = NULL; 1672 1673 _r_debug.r_map = map; 1674 r_debug_tail = map; 1675 1676 /* gdb expects the linker to be in the debug shared object list. 1677 * Without this, gdb has trouble locating the linker's ".text" 1678 * and ".plt" sections. Gdb could also potentially use this to 1679 * relocate the offset of our exported 'rtld_db_dlactivity' symbol. 1680 * Don't use soinfo_alloc(), because the linker shouldn't 1681 * be on the soinfo list. 1682 */ 1683 { 1684 static soinfo linker_soinfo; 1685 strlcpy(linker_soinfo.name, "/system/bin/linker", sizeof(linker_soinfo.name)); 1686 linker_soinfo.flags = 0; 1687 linker_soinfo.base = linker_base; 1688 1689 /* 1690 * Set the dynamic field in the link map otherwise gdb will complain with 1691 * the following: 1692 * warning: .dynamic section for "/system/bin/linker" is not at the 1693 * expected address (wrong library or version mismatch?) 1694 */ 1695 Elf32_Ehdr *elf_hdr = (Elf32_Ehdr *) linker_base; 1696 Elf32_Phdr *phdr = (Elf32_Phdr*)((unsigned char*) linker_base + elf_hdr->e_phoff); 1697 phdr_table_get_dynamic_section(phdr, elf_hdr->e_phnum, linker_base, 1698 &linker_soinfo.dynamic, NULL, NULL); 1699 insert_soinfo_into_debug_map(&linker_soinfo); 1700 } 1701 1702 // Extract information passed from the kernel. 1703 si->phdr = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Phdr*>(args.getauxval(AT_PHDR)); 1704 si->phnum = args.getauxval(AT_PHNUM); 1705 si->entry = args.getauxval(AT_ENTRY); 1706 1707 /* Compute the value of si->base. We can't rely on the fact that 1708 * the first entry is the PHDR because this will not be true 1709 * for certain executables (e.g. some in the NDK unit test suite) 1710 */ 1711 si->base = 0; 1712 si->size = phdr_table_get_load_size(si->phdr, si->phnum); 1713 si->load_bias = 0; 1714 for (size_t i = 0; i < si->phnum; ++i) { 1715 if (si->phdr[i].p_type == PT_PHDR) { 1716 si->load_bias = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr>(si->phdr) - si->phdr[i].p_vaddr; 1717 si->base = reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr>(si->phdr) - si->phdr[i].p_offset; 1718 break; 1719 } 1720 } 1721 si->dynamic = NULL; 1722 si->ref_count = 1; 1723 1724 // Use LD_LIBRARY_PATH and LD_PRELOAD (but only if we aren't setuid/setgid). 1725 parse_LD_LIBRARY_PATH(ldpath_env); 1726 parse_LD_PRELOAD(ldpreload_env); 1727 1728 somain = si; 1729 1730 if (!soinfo_link_image(si)) { 1731 __libc_format_fd(2, "CANNOT LINK EXECUTABLE: %s\n", linker_get_error_buffer()); 1732 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1733 } 1734 1735 add_vdso(args); 1736 1737 si->CallPreInitConstructors(); 1738 1739 for (size_t i = 0; gLdPreloads[i] != NULL; ++i) { 1740 gLdPreloads[i]->CallConstructors(); 1741 } 1742 1743 /* After the link_image, the si->load_bias is initialized. 1744 * For so lib, the map->l_addr will be updated in notify_gdb_of_load. 1745 * We need to update this value for so exe here. So Unwind_Backtrace 1746 * for some arch like x86 could work correctly within so exe. 1747 */ 1748 map->l_addr = si->load_bias; 1749 si->CallConstructors(); 1750 1751#if TIMING 1752 gettimeofday(&t1,NULL); 1753 PRINT("LINKER TIME: %s: %d microseconds", args.argv[0], (int) ( 1754 (((long long)t1.tv_sec * 1000000LL) + (long long)t1.tv_usec) - 1755 (((long long)t0.tv_sec * 1000000LL) + (long long)t0.tv_usec) 1756 )); 1757#endif 1758#if STATS 1759 PRINT("RELO STATS: %s: %d abs, %d rel, %d copy, %d symbol", args.argv[0], 1760 linker_stats.count[kRelocAbsolute], 1761 linker_stats.count[kRelocRelative], 1762 linker_stats.count[kRelocCopy], 1763 linker_stats.count[kRelocSymbol]); 1764#endif 1765#if COUNT_PAGES 1766 { 1767 unsigned n; 1768 unsigned i; 1769 unsigned count = 0; 1770 for (n = 0; n < 4096; n++) { 1771 if (bitmask[n]) { 1772 unsigned x = bitmask[n]; 1773 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { 1774 if (x & 1) { 1775 count++; 1776 } 1777 x >>= 1; 1778 } 1779 } 1780 } 1781 PRINT("PAGES MODIFIED: %s: %d (%dKB)", args.argv[0], count, count * 4); 1782 } 1783#endif 1784 1785#if TIMING || STATS || COUNT_PAGES 1786 fflush(stdout); 1787#endif 1788 1789 TRACE("[ Ready to execute '%s' @ 0x%08x ]", si->name, si->entry); 1790 return si->entry; 1791} 1792 1793/* Compute the load-bias of an existing executable. This shall only 1794 * be used to compute the load bias of an executable or shared library 1795 * that was loaded by the kernel itself. 1796 * 1797 * Input: 1798 * elf -> address of ELF header, assumed to be at the start of the file. 1799 * Return: 1800 * load bias, i.e. add the value of any p_vaddr in the file to get 1801 * the corresponding address in memory. 1802 */ 1803static Elf32_Addr get_elf_exec_load_bias(const Elf32_Ehdr* elf) { 1804 Elf32_Addr offset = elf->e_phoff; 1805 const Elf32_Phdr* phdr_table = (const Elf32_Phdr*)((char*)elf + offset); 1806 const Elf32_Phdr* phdr_end = phdr_table + elf->e_phnum; 1807 1808 for (const Elf32_Phdr* phdr = phdr_table; phdr < phdr_end; phdr++) { 1809 if (phdr->p_type == PT_LOAD) { 1810 return reinterpret_cast<Elf32_Addr>(elf) + phdr->p_offset - phdr->p_vaddr; 1811 } 1812 } 1813 return 0; 1814} 1815 1816/* 1817 * This is the entry point for the linker, called from begin.S. This 1818 * method is responsible for fixing the linker's own relocations, and 1819 * then calling __linker_init_post_relocation(). 1820 * 1821 * Because this method is called before the linker has fixed it's own 1822 * relocations, any attempt to reference an extern variable, extern 1823 * function, or other GOT reference will generate a segfault. 1824 */ 1825extern "C" Elf32_Addr __linker_init(void* raw_args) { 1826 KernelArgumentBlock args(raw_args); 1827 1828 Elf32_Addr linker_addr = args.getauxval(AT_BASE); 1829 1830 Elf32_Ehdr* elf_hdr = (Elf32_Ehdr*) linker_addr; 1831 Elf32_Phdr* phdr = (Elf32_Phdr*)((unsigned char*) linker_addr + elf_hdr->e_phoff); 1832 1833 soinfo linker_so; 1834 memset(&linker_so, 0, sizeof(soinfo)); 1835 1836 linker_so.base = linker_addr; 1837 linker_so.size = phdr_table_get_load_size(phdr, elf_hdr->e_phnum); 1838 linker_so.load_bias = get_elf_exec_load_bias(elf_hdr); 1839 linker_so.dynamic = NULL; 1840 linker_so.phdr = phdr; 1841 linker_so.phnum = elf_hdr->e_phnum; 1842 linker_so.flags |= FLAG_LINKER; 1843 1844 if (!soinfo_link_image(&linker_so)) { 1845 // It would be nice to print an error message, but if the linker 1846 // can't link itself, there's no guarantee that we'll be able to 1847 // call write() (because it involves a GOT reference). 1848 // 1849 // This situation should never occur unless the linker itself 1850 // is corrupt. 1851 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1852 } 1853 1854 // We have successfully fixed our own relocations. It's safe to run 1855 // the main part of the linker now. 1856 args.abort_message_ptr = &gAbortMessage; 1857 Elf32_Addr start_address = __linker_init_post_relocation(args, linker_addr); 1858 1859 set_soinfo_pool_protection(PROT_READ); 1860 1861 // Return the address that the calling assembly stub should jump to. 1862 return start_address; 1863} 1864