/*
 * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.conscrypt;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;

/**
 * File-based cache implementation. Only one process should access the
 * underlying directory at a time.
 */
public class FileClientSessionCache {
    public static final int MAX_SIZE = 12; // ~72k

    private FileClientSessionCache() {}

    /**
     * This cache creates one file per SSL session using "host.port" for
     * the file name. Files are created or replaced when session data is put
     * in the cache (see {@link #putSessionData}). Files are read on
     * cache hits, but not on cache misses.
     *
     * <p>When the number of session files exceeds MAX_SIZE, we delete the
     * least-recently-used file. We don't current persist the last access time,
     * so the ordering actually ends up being least-recently-modified in some
     * cases and even just "not accessed in this process" if the filesystem
     * doesn't track last modified times.
     */
    static class Impl implements SSLClientSessionCache {

        /** Directory to store session files in. */
        final File directory;

        /**
         * Map of name -> File. Keeps track of the order files were accessed in.
         */
        Map<String, File> accessOrder = newAccessOrder();

        /** The number of files on disk. */
        int size;

        /**
         * The initial set of files. We use this to defer adding information
         * about all files to accessOrder until necessary.
         */
        String[] initialFiles;

        /**
         * Constructs a new cache backed by the given directory.
         */
        Impl(File directory) throws IOException {
            boolean exists = directory.exists();
            if (exists && !directory.isDirectory()) {
                throw new IOException(directory + " exists but is not a directory.");
            }

            if (exists) {
                // Read and sort initial list of files. We defer adding
                // information about these files to accessOrder until necessary
                // (see indexFiles()). Sorting the list enables us to detect
                // cache misses in getSessionData().
                // Note: Sorting an array here was faster than creating a
                // HashSet on Dalvik.
                initialFiles = directory.list();
                if (initialFiles == null) {
                    // File.list() will return null in error cases without throwing IOException
                    // http://b/3363561
                    throw new IOException(directory + " exists but cannot list contents.");
                }
                Arrays.sort(initialFiles);
                size = initialFiles.length;
            } else {
                // Create directory.
                if (!directory.mkdirs()) {
                    throw new IOException("Creation of " + directory + " directory failed.");
                }
                size = 0;
            }

            this.directory = directory;
        }

        /**
         * Creates a new access-ordered linked hash map.
         */
        private static Map<String, File> newAccessOrder() {
            return new LinkedHashMap<String, File>(
                    MAX_SIZE, 0.75f, true /* access order */);
        }

        /**
         * Gets the file name for the given host and port.
         */
        private static String fileName(String host, int port) {
            if (host == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("host == null");
            }
            return host + "." + port;
        }

        @Override
        public synchronized byte[] getSessionData(String host, int port) {
            /*
             * Note: This method is only called when the in-memory cache
             * in SSLSessionContext misses, so it would be unnecessarily
             * redundant for this cache to store data in memory.
             */

            String name = fileName(host, port);
            File file = accessOrder.get(name);

            if (file == null) {
                // File wasn't in access order. Check initialFiles...
                if (initialFiles == null) {
                    // All files are in accessOrder, so it doesn't exist.
                    return null;
                }

                // Look in initialFiles.
                if (Arrays.binarySearch(initialFiles, name) < 0) {
                    // Not found.
                    return null;
                }

                // The file is on disk but not in accessOrder yet.
                file = new File(directory, name);
                accessOrder.put(name, file);
            }

            FileInputStream in;
            try {
                in = new FileInputStream(file);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                logReadError(host, file, e);
                return null;
            }
            try {
                int size = (int) file.length();
                byte[] data = new byte[size];
                new DataInputStream(in).readFully(data);
                return data;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logReadError(host, file, e);
                return null;
            } finally {
                if (in != null) {
                    try {
                        in.close();
                    } catch (RuntimeException rethrown) {
                        throw rethrown;
                    } catch (Exception ignored) {
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        static void logReadError(String host, File file, Throwable t) {
            System.err.println("FileClientSessionCache: Error reading session data for " + host + " from " + file + ".");
            t.printStackTrace();
        }

        @Override
        public synchronized void putSessionData(SSLSession session,
                byte[] sessionData) {
            String host = session.getPeerHost();
            if (sessionData == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("sessionData == null");
            }

            String name = fileName(host, session.getPeerPort());
            File file = new File(directory, name);

            // Used to keep track of whether or not we're expanding the cache.
            boolean existedBefore = file.exists();

            FileOutputStream out;
            try {
                out = new FileOutputStream(file);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                // We can't write to the file.
                logWriteError(host, file, e);
                return;
            }

            // If we expanded the cache (by creating a new file)...
            if (!existedBefore) {
                size++;

                // Delete an old file if necessary.
                makeRoom();
            }

            boolean writeSuccessful = false;
            try {
                out.write(sessionData);
                writeSuccessful = true;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logWriteError(host, file, e);
            } finally {
                boolean closeSuccessful = false;
                try {
                    out.close();
                    closeSuccessful = true;
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    logWriteError(host, file, e);
                } finally {
                    if (!writeSuccessful || !closeSuccessful) {
                        // Storage failed. Clean up.
                        delete(file);
                    } else {
                        // Success!
                        accessOrder.put(name, file);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * Deletes old files if necessary.
         */
        private void makeRoom() {
            if (size <= MAX_SIZE) {
                return;
            }

            indexFiles();

            // Delete LRUed files.
            int removals = size - MAX_SIZE;
            Iterator<File> i = accessOrder.values().iterator();
            do {
                delete(i.next());
                i.remove();
            } while (--removals > 0);
        }

        /**
         * Lazily updates accessOrder to know about all files as opposed to
         * just the files accessed since this process started.
         */
        private void indexFiles() {
            String[] initialFiles = this.initialFiles;
            if (initialFiles != null) {
                this.initialFiles = null;

                // Files on disk only, sorted by last modified time.
                // TODO: Use last access time.
                Set<CacheFile> diskOnly = new TreeSet<CacheFile>();
                for (String name : initialFiles) {
                    // If the file hasn't been accessed in this process...
                    if (!accessOrder.containsKey(name)) {
                        diskOnly.add(new CacheFile(directory, name));
                    }
                }

                if (!diskOnly.isEmpty()) {
                    // Add files not accessed in this process to the beginning
                    // of accessOrder.
                    Map<String, File> newOrder = newAccessOrder();
                    for (CacheFile cacheFile : diskOnly) {
                        newOrder.put(cacheFile.name, cacheFile);
                    }
                    newOrder.putAll(accessOrder);

                    this.accessOrder = newOrder;
                }
            }
        }

        @SuppressWarnings("ThrowableInstanceNeverThrown")
        private void delete(File file) {
            if (!file.delete()) {
                new IOException("FileClientSessionCache: Failed to delete " + file + ".").printStackTrace();
            }
            size--;
        }

        static void logWriteError(String host, File file, Throwable t) {
            System.err.println("FileClientSessionCache: Error writing session data for " + host + " to " + file + ".");
            t.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Maps directories to the cache instances that are backed by those
     * directories. We synchronize access using the cache instance, so it's
     * important that everyone shares the same instance.
     */
    static final Map<File, FileClientSessionCache.Impl> caches
            = new HashMap<File, FileClientSessionCache.Impl>();

    /**
     * Returns a cache backed by the given directory. Creates the directory
     * (including parent directories) if necessary. This cache should have
     * exclusive access to the given directory.
     *
     * @param directory to store files in
     * @return a cache backed by the given directory
     * @throws IOException if the file exists and is not a directory or if
     *  creating the directories fails
     */
    public static synchronized SSLClientSessionCache usingDirectory(
            File directory) throws IOException {
        FileClientSessionCache.Impl cache = caches.get(directory);
        if (cache == null) {
            cache = new FileClientSessionCache.Impl(directory);
            caches.put(directory, cache);
        }
        return cache;
    }

    /** For testing. */
    static synchronized void reset() {
        caches.clear();
    }

    /** A file containing a piece of cached data. */
    static class CacheFile extends File {

        final String name;

        CacheFile(File dir, String name) {
            super(dir, name);
            this.name = name;
        }

        long lastModified = -1;

        @Override
        public long lastModified() {
            long lastModified = this.lastModified;
            if (lastModified == -1) {
                lastModified = this.lastModified = super.lastModified();
            }
            return lastModified;
        }

        @Override
        public int compareTo(File another) {
            // Sort by last modified time.
            long result = lastModified() - another.lastModified();
            if (result == 0) {
                return super.compareTo(another);
            }
            return result < 0 ? -1 : 1;
        }
    }
}