1/* $OpenBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.24 2010/07/22 19:31:53 blambert Exp $ */ 2/* $NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.15 2002/01/31 22:43:40 tv Exp $ */ 3 4/* 5 * Copyright (c) 2002 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com> 6 * 7 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 8 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 9 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 10 * 11 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 12 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 13 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 14 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 15 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 16 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 17 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 18 * 19 * Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects 20 * Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force 21 * Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512. 22 */ 23/*- 24 * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 25 * All rights reserved. 26 * 27 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation 28 * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner. 29 * 30 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 31 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 32 * are met: 33 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 34 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 35 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 36 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 37 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 38 * 39 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 40 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 41 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 42 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 43 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 44 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 45 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 46 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 47 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 48 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 49 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 50 */ 51 52#include <errno.h> 53#include <getopt.h> 54#include <stdio.h> 55#include <stdlib.h> 56#include <string.h> 57 58int opterr = 1; /* if error message should be printed */ 59int optind = 1; /* index into parent argv vector */ 60int optopt = '?'; /* character checked for validity */ 61int optreset; /* reset getopt */ 62char *optarg; /* argument associated with option */ 63 64#define PRINT_ERROR ((opterr) && (*options != ':')) 65 66#define FLAG_PERMUTE 0x01 /* permute non-options to the end of argv */ 67#define FLAG_ALLARGS 0x02 /* treat non-options as args to option "-1" */ 68#define FLAG_LONGONLY 0x04 /* operate as getopt_long_only */ 69 70/* return values */ 71#define BADCH (int)'?' 72#define BADARG ((*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?') 73#define INORDER (int)1 74 75#define EMSG "" 76 77static int getopt_internal(int, char * const *, const char *, 78 const struct option *, int *, int); 79static int parse_long_options(char * const *, const char *, 80 const struct option *, int *, int); 81static int gcd(int, int); 82static void permute_args(int, int, int, char * const *); 83 84static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */ 85 86/* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */ 87static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */ 88static int nonopt_end = -1; /* first option after non options (for permute) */ 89 90/* Error messages */ 91static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c"; 92static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s"; 93static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s"; 94static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s"; 95static const char illoptchar[] = "unknown option -- %c"; 96static const char illoptstring[] = "unknown option -- %s"; 97 98/* 99 * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b. 100 */ 101static int 102gcd(int a, int b) 103{ 104 int c; 105 106 c = a % b; 107 while (c != 0) { 108 a = b; 109 b = c; 110 c = a % b; 111 } 112 113 return (b); 114} 115 116/* 117 * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block 118 * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments 119 * in each block). 120 */ 121static void 122permute_args(int panonopt_start, int panonopt_end, int opt_end, 123 char * const *nargv) 124{ 125 int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos; 126 char *swap; 127 128 /* 129 * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles 130 */ 131 nnonopts = panonopt_end - panonopt_start; 132 nopts = opt_end - panonopt_end; 133 ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts); 134 cyclelen = (opt_end - panonopt_start) / ncycle; 135 136 for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) { 137 cstart = panonopt_end+i; 138 pos = cstart; 139 for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) { 140 if (pos >= panonopt_end) 141 pos -= nnonopts; 142 else 143 pos += nopts; 144 swap = nargv[pos]; 145 /* LINTED const cast */ 146 ((char **) nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart]; 147 /* LINTED const cast */ 148 ((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap; 149 } 150 } 151} 152 153/* 154 * parse_long_options -- 155 * Parse long options in argc/argv argument vector. 156 * Returns -1 if short_too is set and the option does not match long_options. 157 */ 158static int 159parse_long_options(char * const *nargv, const char *options, 160 const struct option *long_options, int *idx, int short_too) 161{ 162 char *current_argv, *has_equal; 163 size_t current_argv_len; 164 int i, match; 165 166 current_argv = place; 167 match = -1; 168 169 optind++; 170 171 if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) { 172 /* argument found (--option=arg) */ 173 current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv; 174 has_equal++; 175 } else 176 current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv); 177 178 for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) { 179 /* find matching long option */ 180 if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name, 181 current_argv_len)) 182 continue; 183 184 if (strlen(long_options[i].name) == current_argv_len) { 185 /* exact match */ 186 match = i; 187 break; 188 } 189 /* 190 * If this is a known short option, don't allow 191 * a partial match of a single character. 192 */ 193 if (short_too && current_argv_len == 1) 194 continue; 195 196 if (match == -1) /* partial match */ 197 match = i; 198 else { 199 /* ambiguous abbreviation */ 200 if (PRINT_ERROR) 201 fprintf(stderr, ambig, (int)current_argv_len, 202 current_argv); 203 optopt = 0; 204 return (BADCH); 205 } 206 } 207 if (match != -1) { /* option found */ 208 if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument 209 && has_equal) { 210 if (PRINT_ERROR) 211 fprintf(stderr, noarg, (int)current_argv_len, 212 current_argv); 213 /* 214 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag 215 */ 216 if (long_options[match].flag == NULL) 217 optopt = long_options[match].val; 218 else 219 optopt = 0; 220 return (BADARG); 221 } 222 if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument || 223 long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) { 224 if (has_equal) 225 optarg = has_equal; 226 else if (long_options[match].has_arg == 227 required_argument) { 228 /* 229 * optional argument doesn't use next nargv 230 */ 231 optarg = nargv[optind++]; 232 } 233 } 234 if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument) 235 && (optarg == NULL)) { 236 /* 237 * Missing argument; leading ':' indicates no error 238 * should be generated. 239 */ 240 if (PRINT_ERROR) 241 fprintf(stderr, recargstring, 242 current_argv); 243 /* 244 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag 245 */ 246 if (long_options[match].flag == NULL) 247 optopt = long_options[match].val; 248 else 249 optopt = 0; 250 --optind; 251 return (BADARG); 252 } 253 } else { /* unknown option */ 254 if (short_too) { 255 --optind; 256 return (-1); 257 } 258 if (PRINT_ERROR) 259 fprintf(stderr, illoptstring, current_argv); 260 optopt = 0; 261 return (BADCH); 262 } 263 if (idx) 264 *idx = match; 265 if (long_options[match].flag) { 266 *long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val; 267 return (0); 268 } else 269 return (long_options[match].val); 270} 271 272/* 273 * getopt_internal -- 274 * Parse argc/argv argument vector. Called by user level routines. 275 */ 276static int 277getopt_internal(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options, 278 const struct option *long_options, int *idx, int flags) 279{ 280 char *oli; /* option letter list index */ 281 int optchar, short_too; 282 static int posixly_correct = -1; 283 284 if (options == NULL) 285 return (-1); 286 287 /* 288 * Disable GNU extensions if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set or options 289 * string begins with a '+'. 290 */ 291 if (posixly_correct == -1) 292 posixly_correct = (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL); 293 if (posixly_correct || *options == '+') 294 flags &= ~FLAG_PERMUTE; 295 else if (*options == '-') 296 flags |= FLAG_ALLARGS; 297 if (*options == '+' || *options == '-') 298 options++; 299 300 /* 301 * XXX Some GNU programs (like cvs) set optind to 0 instead of 302 * XXX using optreset. Work around this braindamage. 303 */ 304 if (optind == 0) 305 optind = optreset = 1; 306 307 optarg = NULL; 308 if (optreset) 309 nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1; 310start: 311 if (optreset || !*place) { /* update scanning pointer */ 312 optreset = 0; 313 if (optind >= nargc) { /* end of argument vector */ 314 place = EMSG; 315 if (nonopt_end != -1) { 316 /* do permutation, if we have to */ 317 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, 318 optind, nargv); 319 optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start; 320 } 321 else if (nonopt_start != -1) { 322 /* 323 * If we skipped non-options, set optind 324 * to the first of them. 325 */ 326 optind = nonopt_start; 327 } 328 nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1; 329 return (-1); 330 } 331 if (*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-' || 332 (place[1] == '\0' && strchr(options, '-') == NULL)) { 333 place = EMSG; /* found non-option */ 334 if (flags & FLAG_ALLARGS) { 335 /* 336 * GNU extension: 337 * return non-option as argument to option 1 338 */ 339 optarg = nargv[optind++]; 340 return (INORDER); 341 } 342 if (!(flags & FLAG_PERMUTE)) { 343 /* 344 * If no permutation wanted, stop parsing 345 * at first non-option. 346 */ 347 return (-1); 348 } 349 /* do permutation */ 350 if (nonopt_start == -1) 351 nonopt_start = optind; 352 else if (nonopt_end != -1) { 353 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, 354 optind, nargv); 355 nonopt_start = optind - 356 (nonopt_end - nonopt_start); 357 nonopt_end = -1; 358 } 359 optind++; 360 /* process next argument */ 361 goto start; 362 } 363 if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1) 364 nonopt_end = optind; 365 366 /* 367 * If we have "-" do nothing, if "--" we are done. 368 */ 369 if (place[1] != '\0' && *++place == '-' && place[1] == '\0') { 370 optind++; 371 place = EMSG; 372 /* 373 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped 374 * non-options, we have to permute. 375 */ 376 if (nonopt_end != -1) { 377 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, 378 optind, nargv); 379 optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start; 380 } 381 nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1; 382 return (-1); 383 } 384 } 385 386 /* 387 * Check long options if: 388 * 1) we were passed some 389 * 2) the arg is not just "-" 390 * 3) either the arg starts with -- we are getopt_long_only() 391 */ 392 if (long_options != NULL && place != nargv[optind] && 393 (*place == '-' || (flags & FLAG_LONGONLY))) { 394 short_too = 0; 395 if (*place == '-') 396 place++; /* --foo long option */ 397 else if (*place != ':' && strchr(options, *place) != NULL) 398 short_too = 1; /* could be short option too */ 399 400 optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options, 401 idx, short_too); 402 if (optchar != -1) { 403 place = EMSG; 404 return (optchar); 405 } 406 } 407 408 if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' || 409 (optchar == (int)'-' && *place != '\0') || 410 (oli = strchr(options, optchar)) == NULL) { 411 /* 412 * If the user specified "-" and '-' isn't listed in 413 * options, return -1 (non-option) as per POSIX. 414 * Otherwise, it is an unknown option character (or ':'). 415 */ 416 if (optchar == (int)'-' && *place == '\0') 417 return (-1); 418 if (!*place) 419 ++optind; 420 if (PRINT_ERROR) 421 fprintf(stderr, illoptchar, optchar); 422 optopt = optchar; 423 return (BADCH); 424 } 425 if (long_options != NULL && optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') { 426 /* -W long-option */ 427 if (*place) /* no space */ 428 /* NOTHING */; 429 else if (++optind >= nargc) { /* no arg */ 430 place = EMSG; 431 if (PRINT_ERROR) 432 fprintf(stderr, recargchar, optchar); 433 optopt = optchar; 434 return (BADARG); 435 } else /* white space */ 436 place = nargv[optind]; 437 optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options, 438 idx, 0); 439 place = EMSG; 440 return (optchar); 441 } 442 if (*++oli != ':') { /* doesn't take argument */ 443 if (!*place) 444 ++optind; 445 } else { /* takes (optional) argument */ 446 optarg = NULL; 447 if (*place) /* no white space */ 448 optarg = place; 449 else if (oli[1] != ':') { /* arg not optional */ 450 if (++optind >= nargc) { /* no arg */ 451 place = EMSG; 452 if (PRINT_ERROR) 453 fprintf(stderr, recargchar, optchar); 454 optopt = optchar; 455 return (BADARG); 456 } else 457 optarg = nargv[optind]; 458 } 459 place = EMSG; 460 ++optind; 461 } 462 /* dump back option letter */ 463 return (optchar); 464} 465 466/* 467 * getopt -- 468 * Parse argc/argv argument vector. 469 * 470 * [eventually this will replace the BSD getopt] 471 */ 472int 473getopt(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options) 474{ 475 476 /* 477 * We don't pass FLAG_PERMUTE to getopt_internal() since 478 * the BSD getopt(3) (unlike GNU) has never done this. 479 * 480 * Furthermore, since many privileged programs call getopt() 481 * before dropping privileges it makes sense to keep things 482 * as simple (and bug-free) as possible. 483 */ 484 return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, NULL, NULL, 0)); 485} 486 487/* 488 * getopt_long -- 489 * Parse argc/argv argument vector. 490 */ 491int 492getopt_long(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options, 493 const struct option *long_options, int *idx) 494{ 495 496 return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx, 497 FLAG_PERMUTE)); 498} 499 500/* 501 * getopt_long_only -- 502 * Parse argc/argv argument vector. 503 */ 504int 505getopt_long_only(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options, 506 const struct option *long_options, int *idx) 507{ 508 509 return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx, 510 FLAG_PERMUTE|FLAG_LONGONLY)); 511} 512