ui/gfx/icon_util.cc

// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "ui/gfx/icon_util.h"

#include "base/file_util.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/memory/scoped_ptr.h"
#include "base/win/scoped_handle.h"
#include "skia/ext/image_operations.h"
#include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkBitmap.h"
#include "ui/gfx/size.h"

namespace {
struct ScopedICONINFO : ICONINFO {
  ScopedICONINFO() {
    hbmColor = NULL;
    hbmMask = NULL;
  }

  ~ScopedICONINFO() {
    if (hbmColor)
      ::DeleteObject(hbmColor);
    if (hbmMask)
      ::DeleteObject(hbmMask);
  }
};
}

// Defining the dimensions for the icon images. We store only one value because
// we always resize to a square image; that is, the value 48 means that we are
// going to resize the given bitmap to a 48 by 48 pixels bitmap.
//
// The icon images appear in the icon file in same order in which their
// corresponding dimensions appear in the |icon_dimensions_| array, so it is
// important to keep this array sorted. Also note that the maximum icon image
// size we can handle is 255 by 255.
const int IconUtil::icon_dimensions_[] = {
  8,    // Recommended by the MSDN as a nice to have icon size.
  10,   // Used by the Shell (e.g. for shortcuts).
  14,   // Recommended by the MSDN as a nice to have icon size.
  16,   // Toolbar, Application and Shell icon sizes.
  22,   // Recommended by the MSDN as a nice to have icon size.
  24,   // Used by the Shell (e.g. for shortcuts).
  32,   // Toolbar, Dialog and Wizard icon size.
  40,   // Quick Launch.
  48,   // Alt+Tab icon size.
  64,   // Recommended by the MSDN as a nice to have icon size.
  96,   // Recommended by the MSDN as a nice to have icon size.
  128   // Used by the Shell (e.g. for shortcuts).
};

HICON IconUtil::CreateHICONFromSkBitmap(const SkBitmap& bitmap) {
  // Only 32 bit ARGB bitmaps are supported. We also try to perform as many
  // validations as we can on the bitmap.
  SkAutoLockPixels bitmap_lock(bitmap);
  if ((bitmap.config() != SkBitmap::kARGB_8888_Config) ||
      (bitmap.width() <= 0) || (bitmap.height() <= 0) ||
      (bitmap.getPixels() == NULL))
    return NULL;

  // We start by creating a DIB which we'll use later on in order to create
  // the HICON. We use BITMAPV5HEADER since the bitmap we are about to convert
  // may contain an alpha channel and the V5 header allows us to specify the
  // alpha mask for the DIB.
  BITMAPV5HEADER bitmap_header;
  InitializeBitmapHeader(&bitmap_header, bitmap.width(), bitmap.height());
  void* bits;
  HDC hdc = ::GetDC(NULL);
  HBITMAP dib;
  dib = ::CreateDIBSection(hdc, reinterpret_cast<BITMAPINFO*>(&bitmap_header),
                           DIB_RGB_COLORS, &bits, NULL, 0);
  DCHECK(dib);
  ::ReleaseDC(NULL, hdc);
  memcpy(bits, bitmap.getPixels(), bitmap.width() * bitmap.height() * 4);

  // Icons are generally created using an AND and XOR masks where the AND
  // specifies boolean transparency (the pixel is either opaque or
  // transparent) and the XOR mask contains the actual image pixels. If the XOR
  // mask bitmap has an alpha channel, the AND monochrome bitmap won't
  // actually be used for computing the pixel transparency. Even though all our
  // bitmap has an alpha channel, Windows might not agree when all alpha values
  // are zero. So the monochrome bitmap is created with all pixels transparent
  // for this case. Otherwise, it is created with all pixels opaque.
  bool bitmap_has_alpha_channel = PixelsHaveAlpha(
      static_cast<const uint32*>(bitmap.getPixels()),
      bitmap.width() * bitmap.height());

  scoped_array<uint8> mask_bits;
  if (!bitmap_has_alpha_channel) {
    // Bytes per line with paddings to make it word alignment.
    size_t bytes_per_line = (bitmap.width() + 0xF) / 16 * 2;
    size_t mask_bits_size = bytes_per_line * bitmap.height();

    mask_bits.reset(new uint8[mask_bits_size]);
    DCHECK(mask_bits.get());

    // Make all pixels transparent.
    memset(mask_bits.get(), 0xFF, mask_bits_size);
  }

  HBITMAP mono_bitmap = ::CreateBitmap(bitmap.width(), bitmap.height(), 1, 1,
      reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(mask_bits.get()));
  DCHECK(mono_bitmap);

  ICONINFO icon_info;
  icon_info.fIcon = TRUE;
  icon_info.xHotspot = 0;
  icon_info.yHotspot = 0;
  icon_info.hbmMask = mono_bitmap;
  icon_info.hbmColor = dib;
  HICON icon = ::CreateIconIndirect(&icon_info);
  ::DeleteObject(dib);
  ::DeleteObject(mono_bitmap);
  return icon;
}

SkBitmap* IconUtil::CreateSkBitmapFromHICON(HICON icon, const gfx::Size& s) {
  // We start with validating parameters.
  if (!icon || s.IsEmpty())
    return NULL;
  ScopedICONINFO icon_info;
  if (!::GetIconInfo(icon, &icon_info))
    return NULL;
  if (!icon_info.fIcon)
    return NULL;
  return new SkBitmap(CreateSkBitmapFromHICONHelper(icon, s));
}

SkBitmap* IconUtil::CreateSkBitmapFromHICON(HICON icon) {
  // We start with validating parameters.
  if (!icon)
    return NULL;

  ScopedICONINFO icon_info;
  BITMAP bitmap_info = { 0 };

  if (!::GetIconInfo(icon, &icon_info))
    return NULL;

  if (!::GetObject(icon_info.hbmMask, sizeof(bitmap_info), &bitmap_info))
    return NULL;

  gfx::Size icon_size(bitmap_info.bmWidth, bitmap_info.bmHeight);
  return new SkBitmap(CreateSkBitmapFromHICONHelper(icon, icon_size));
}

SkBitmap IconUtil::CreateSkBitmapFromHICONHelper(HICON icon,
                                                 const gfx::Size& s) {
  DCHECK(icon);
  DCHECK(!s.IsEmpty());

  // Allocating memory for the SkBitmap object. We are going to create an ARGB
  // bitmap so we should set the configuration appropriately.
  SkBitmap bitmap;
  bitmap.setConfig(SkBitmap::kARGB_8888_Config, s.width(), s.height());
  bitmap.allocPixels();
  bitmap.eraseARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
  SkAutoLockPixels bitmap_lock(bitmap);

  // Now we should create a DIB so that we can use ::DrawIconEx in order to
  // obtain the icon's image.
  BITMAPV5HEADER h;
  InitializeBitmapHeader(&h, s.width(), s.height());
  HDC hdc = ::GetDC(NULL);
  uint32* bits;
  HBITMAP dib = ::CreateDIBSection(hdc, reinterpret_cast<BITMAPINFO*>(&h),
      DIB_RGB_COLORS, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&bits), NULL, 0);
  DCHECK(dib);
  HDC dib_dc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
  ::ReleaseDC(NULL, hdc);
  DCHECK(dib_dc);
  HGDIOBJ old_obj = ::SelectObject(dib_dc, dib);

  // Windows icons are defined using two different masks. The XOR mask, which
  // represents the icon image and an AND mask which is a monochrome bitmap
  // which indicates the transparency of each pixel.
  //
  // To make things more complex, the icon image itself can be an ARGB bitmap
  // and therefore contain an alpha channel which specifies the transparency
  // for each pixel. Unfortunately, there is no easy way to determine whether
  // or not a bitmap has an alpha channel and therefore constructing the bitmap
  // for the icon is nothing but straightforward.
  //
  // The idea is to read the AND mask but use it only if we know for sure that
  // the icon image does not have an alpha channel. The only way to tell if the
  // bitmap has an alpha channel is by looking through the pixels and checking
  // whether there are non-zero alpha bytes.
  //
  // We start by drawing the AND mask into our DIB.
  size_t num_pixels = s.GetArea();
  memset(bits, 0, num_pixels * 4);
  ::DrawIconEx(dib_dc, 0, 0, icon, s.width(), s.height(), 0, NULL, DI_MASK);

  // Capture boolean opacity. We may not use it if we find out the bitmap has
  // an alpha channel.
  scoped_array<bool> opaque(new bool[num_pixels]);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_pixels; ++i)
    opaque[i] = !bits[i];

  // Then draw the image itself which is really the XOR mask.
  memset(bits, 0, num_pixels * 4);
  ::DrawIconEx(dib_dc, 0, 0, icon, s.width(), s.height(), 0, NULL, DI_NORMAL);
  memcpy(bitmap.getPixels(), static_cast<void*>(bits), num_pixels * 4);

  // Finding out whether the bitmap has an alpha channel.
  bool bitmap_has_alpha_channel = PixelsHaveAlpha(
      static_cast<const uint32*>(bitmap.getPixels()), num_pixels);

  // If the bitmap does not have an alpha channel, we need to build it using
  // the previously captured AND mask. Otherwise, we are done.
  if (!bitmap_has_alpha_channel) {
    uint32* p = static_cast<uint32*>(bitmap.getPixels());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_pixels; ++p, ++i) {
      DCHECK_EQ((*p & 0xff000000), 0u);
      if (opaque[i])
        *p |= 0xff000000;
      else
        *p &= 0x00ffffff;
    }
  }

  ::SelectObject(dib_dc, old_obj);
  ::DeleteObject(dib);
  ::DeleteDC(dib_dc);

  return bitmap;
}

bool IconUtil::CreateIconFileFromSkBitmap(const SkBitmap& bitmap,
                                          const FilePath& icon_path) {
  // Only 32 bit ARGB bitmaps are supported. We also make sure the bitmap has
  // been properly initialized.
  SkAutoLockPixels bitmap_lock(bitmap);
  if ((bitmap.config() != SkBitmap::kARGB_8888_Config) ||
      (bitmap.height() <= 0) || (bitmap.width() <= 0) ||
      (bitmap.getPixels() == NULL))
    return false;

  // We start by creating the file.
  base::win::ScopedHandle icon_file(::CreateFile(icon_path.value().c_str(),
       GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL));

  if (!icon_file.IsValid())
    return false;

  // Creating a set of bitmaps corresponding to the icon images we'll end up
  // storing in the icon file. Each bitmap is created by resizing the given
  // bitmap to the desired size.
  std::vector<SkBitmap> bitmaps;
  CreateResizedBitmapSet(bitmap, &bitmaps);
  DCHECK(!bitmaps.empty());
  size_t bitmap_count = bitmaps.size();

  // Computing the total size of the buffer we need in order to store the
  // images in the desired icon format.
  size_t buffer_size = ComputeIconFileBufferSize(bitmaps);
  unsigned char* buffer = new unsigned char[buffer_size];
  DCHECK(buffer != NULL);
  memset(buffer, 0, buffer_size);

  // Setting the information in the structures residing within the buffer.
  // First, we set the information which doesn't require iterating through the
  // bitmap set and then we set the bitmap specific structures. In the latter
  // step we also copy the actual bits.
  ICONDIR* icon_dir = reinterpret_cast<ICONDIR*>(buffer);
  icon_dir->idType = kResourceTypeIcon;
  icon_dir->idCount = bitmap_count;
  size_t icon_dir_count = bitmap_count - 1;  // Note DCHECK(!bitmaps.empty())!
  size_t offset = sizeof(ICONDIR) + (sizeof(ICONDIRENTRY) * icon_dir_count);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < bitmap_count; i++) {
    ICONIMAGE* image = reinterpret_cast<ICONIMAGE*>(buffer + offset);
    DCHECK_LT(offset, buffer_size);
    size_t icon_image_size = 0;
    SetSingleIconImageInformation(bitmaps[i], i, icon_dir, image, offset,
                                  &icon_image_size);
    DCHECK_GT(icon_image_size, 0U);
    offset += icon_image_size;
  }
  DCHECK_EQ(offset, buffer_size);

  // Finally, writing the data info the file.
  DWORD bytes_written;
  bool delete_file = false;
  if (!WriteFile(icon_file.Get(), buffer, buffer_size, &bytes_written, NULL) ||
      bytes_written != buffer_size)
    delete_file = true;

  ::CloseHandle(icon_file.Take());
  delete [] buffer;
  if (delete_file) {
    bool success = file_util::Delete(icon_path, false);
    DCHECK(success);
  }

  return !delete_file;
}

bool IconUtil::PixelsHaveAlpha(const uint32* pixels, size_t num_pixels) {
  for (const uint32* end = pixels + num_pixels; pixels != end; ++pixels) {
    if ((*pixels & 0xff000000) != 0)
      return true;
  }

  return false;
}

void IconUtil::InitializeBitmapHeader(BITMAPV5HEADER* header, int width,
                                      int height) {
  DCHECK(header);
  memset(header, 0, sizeof(BITMAPV5HEADER));
  header->bV5Size = sizeof(BITMAPV5HEADER);

  // Note that icons are created using top-down DIBs so we must negate the
  // value used for the icon's height.
  header->bV5Width = width;
  header->bV5Height = -height;
  header->bV5Planes = 1;
  header->bV5Compression = BI_RGB;

  // Initializing the bitmap format to 32 bit ARGB.
  header->bV5BitCount = 32;
  header->bV5RedMask = 0x00FF0000;
  header->bV5GreenMask = 0x0000FF00;
  header->bV5BlueMask = 0x000000FF;
  header->bV5AlphaMask = 0xFF000000;

  // Use the system color space.  The default value is LCS_CALIBRATED_RGB, which
  // causes us to crash if we don't specify the approprite gammas, etc.  See
  // <http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536531(VS.85).aspx> and
  // <http://b/1283121>.
  header->bV5CSType = LCS_WINDOWS_COLOR_SPACE;

  // Use a valid value for bV5Intent as 0 is not a valid one.
  // <http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183381(VS.85).aspx>
  header->bV5Intent = LCS_GM_IMAGES;
}

void IconUtil::SetSingleIconImageInformation(const SkBitmap& bitmap,
                                             size_t index,
                                             ICONDIR* icon_dir,
                                             ICONIMAGE* icon_image,
                                             size_t image_offset,
                                             size_t* image_byte_count) {
  DCHECK(icon_dir != NULL);
  DCHECK(icon_image != NULL);
  DCHECK_GT(image_offset, 0U);
  DCHECK(image_byte_count != NULL);

  // We start by computing certain image values we'll use later on.
  size_t xor_mask_size, bytes_in_resource;
  ComputeBitmapSizeComponents(bitmap,
                              &xor_mask_size,
                              &bytes_in_resource);

  icon_dir->idEntries[index].bWidth = static_cast<BYTE>(bitmap.width());
  icon_dir->idEntries[index].bHeight = static_cast<BYTE>(bitmap.height());
  icon_dir->idEntries[index].wPlanes = 1;
  icon_dir->idEntries[index].wBitCount = 32;
  icon_dir->idEntries[index].dwBytesInRes = bytes_in_resource;
  icon_dir->idEntries[index].dwImageOffset = image_offset;
  icon_image->icHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);

  // The width field in the BITMAPINFOHEADER structure accounts for the height
  // of both the AND mask and the XOR mask so we need to multiply the bitmap's
  // height by 2. The same does NOT apply to the width field.
  icon_image->icHeader.biHeight = bitmap.height() * 2;
  icon_image->icHeader.biWidth = bitmap.width();
  icon_image->icHeader.biPlanes = 1;
  icon_image->icHeader.biBitCount = 32;

  // We use a helper function for copying to actual bits from the SkBitmap
  // object into the appropriate space in the buffer. We use a helper function
  // (rather than just copying the bits) because there is no way to specify the
  // orientation (bottom-up vs. top-down) of a bitmap residing in a .ico file.
  // Thus, if we just copy the bits, we'll end up with a bottom up bitmap in
  // the .ico file which will result in the icon being displayed upside down.
  // The helper function copies the image into the buffer one scanline at a
  // time.
  //
  // Note that we don't need to initialize the AND mask since the memory
  // allocated for the icon data buffer was initialized to zero. The icon we
  // create will therefore use an AND mask containing only zeros, which is OK
  // because the underlying image has an alpha channel. An AND mask containing
  // only zeros essentially means we'll initially treat all the pixels as
  // opaque.
  unsigned char* image_addr = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(icon_image);
  unsigned char* xor_mask_addr = image_addr + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
  CopySkBitmapBitsIntoIconBuffer(bitmap, xor_mask_addr, xor_mask_size);
  *image_byte_count = bytes_in_resource;
}

void IconUtil::CopySkBitmapBitsIntoIconBuffer(const SkBitmap& bitmap,
                                              unsigned char* buffer,
                                              size_t buffer_size) {
  SkAutoLockPixels bitmap_lock(bitmap);
  unsigned char* bitmap_ptr = static_cast<unsigned char*>(bitmap.getPixels());
  size_t bitmap_size = bitmap.height() * bitmap.width() * 4;
  DCHECK_EQ(buffer_size, bitmap_size);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < bitmap_size; i += bitmap.width() * 4) {
    memcpy(buffer + bitmap_size - bitmap.width() * 4 - i,
           bitmap_ptr + i,
           bitmap.width() * 4);
  }
}

void IconUtil::CreateResizedBitmapSet(const SkBitmap& bitmap_to_resize,
                                      std::vector<SkBitmap>* bitmaps) {
  DCHECK(bitmaps != NULL);
  DCHECK(bitmaps->empty());

  bool inserted_original_bitmap = false;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < arraysize(icon_dimensions_); i++) {
    // If the dimensions of the bitmap we are resizing are the same as the
    // current dimensions, then we should insert the bitmap and not a resized
    // bitmap. If the bitmap's dimensions are smaller, we insert our bitmap
    // first so that the bitmaps we return in the vector are sorted based on
    // their dimensions.
    if (!inserted_original_bitmap) {
      if ((bitmap_to_resize.width() == icon_dimensions_[i]) &&
          (bitmap_to_resize.height() == icon_dimensions_[i])) {
        bitmaps->push_back(bitmap_to_resize);
        inserted_original_bitmap = true;
        continue;
      }

      if ((bitmap_to_resize.width() < icon_dimensions_[i]) &&
          (bitmap_to_resize.height() < icon_dimensions_[i])) {
        bitmaps->push_back(bitmap_to_resize);
        inserted_original_bitmap = true;
      }
    }
    bitmaps->push_back(skia::ImageOperations::Resize(
        bitmap_to_resize, skia::ImageOperations::RESIZE_LANCZOS3,
        icon_dimensions_[i], icon_dimensions_[i]));
  }

  if (!inserted_original_bitmap)
    bitmaps->push_back(bitmap_to_resize);
}

size_t IconUtil::ComputeIconFileBufferSize(const std::vector<SkBitmap>& set) {
  DCHECK(!set.empty());

  // We start by counting the bytes for the structures that don't depend on the
  // number of icon images. Note that sizeof(ICONDIR) already accounts for a
  // single ICONDIRENTRY structure, which is why we subtract one from the
  // number of bitmaps.
  size_t total_buffer_size = sizeof(ICONDIR);
  size_t bitmap_count = set.size();
  total_buffer_size += sizeof(ICONDIRENTRY) * (bitmap_count - 1);
  DCHECK_GE(bitmap_count, arraysize(icon_dimensions_));

  // Add the bitmap specific structure sizes.
  for (size_t i = 0; i < bitmap_count; i++) {
    size_t xor_mask_size, bytes_in_resource;
    ComputeBitmapSizeComponents(set[i],
                                &xor_mask_size,
                                &bytes_in_resource);
    total_buffer_size += bytes_in_resource;
  }
  return total_buffer_size;
}

void IconUtil::ComputeBitmapSizeComponents(const SkBitmap& bitmap,
                                           size_t* xor_mask_size,
                                           size_t* bytes_in_resource) {
  // The XOR mask size is easy to calculate since we only deal with 32bpp
  // images.
  *xor_mask_size = bitmap.width() * bitmap.height() * 4;

  // Computing the AND mask is a little trickier since it is a monochrome
  // bitmap (regardless of the number of bits per pixels used in the XOR mask).
  // There are two things we must make sure we do when computing the AND mask
  // size:
  //
  // 1. Make sure the right number of bytes is allocated for each AND mask
  //    scan line in case the number of pixels in the image is not divisible by
  //    8. For example, in a 15X15 image, 15 / 8 is one byte short of
  //    containing the number of bits we need in order to describe a single
  //    image scan line so we need to add a byte. Thus, we need 2 bytes instead
  //    of 1 for each scan line.
  //
  // 2. Make sure each scan line in the AND mask is 4 byte aligned (so that the
  //    total icon image has a 4 byte alignment). In the 15X15 image example
  //    above, we can not use 2 bytes so we increase it to the next multiple of
  //    4 which is 4.
  //
  // Once we compute the size for a singe AND mask scan line, we multiply that
  // number by the image height in order to get the total number of bytes for
  // the AND mask. Thus, for a 15X15 image, we need 15 * 4 which is 60 bytes
  // for the monochrome bitmap representing the AND mask.
  size_t and_line_length = (bitmap.width() + 7) >> 3;
  and_line_length = (and_line_length + 3) & ~3;
  size_t and_mask_size = and_line_length * bitmap.height();
  size_t masks_size = *xor_mask_size + and_mask_size;
  *bytes_in_resource = masks_size + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
}