mke2fs.c revision 3f85f65c98183c3871e24f285e5b3e1e97afd9f5
1/*
2 * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 Theodore Ts'o.
5 *
6 * %Begin-Header%
7 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
8 * License.
9 * %End-Header%
10 */
11
12/* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
13 *
14 * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
15 * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
16 */
17
18#include <stdio.h>
19#include <string.h>
20#include <fcntl.h>
21#include <ctype.h>
22#include <time.h>
23#ifdef linux
24#include <sys/utsname.h>
25#endif
26#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
27#include <getopt.h>
28#else
29extern char *optarg;
30extern int optind;
31#endif
32#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
33#include <unistd.h>
34#endif
35#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
36#include <stdlib.h>
37#endif
38#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
39#include <errno.h>
40#endif
41#ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
42#include <mntent.h>
43#endif
44#include <sys/ioctl.h>
45#include <sys/types.h>
46
47#include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
48#include "et/com_err.h"
49#include "uuid/uuid.h"
50#include "e2p/e2p.h"
51#include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
52#include "util.h"
53#include "../version.h"
54#include "nls-enable.h"
55
56#define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
57
58#ifndef __sparc__
59#define ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
60#endif
61
62extern int isatty(int);
63extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
64
65const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
66const char * device_name /* = NULL */;
67
68/* Command line options */
69int	cflag;
70int	verbose;
71int	quiet;
72int	super_only;
73int	force;
74int	noaction;
75int	journal_size;
76int	journal_flags;
77char	*bad_blocks_filename;
78__u32	fs_stride;
79
80struct ext2_super_block param;
81char *creator_os;
82char *volume_label;
83char *mount_dir;
84char *journal_device;
85int sync_kludge;	/* Set using the MKE2FS_SYNC env. option */
86
87static void usage(void)
88{
89	fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
90	"[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options]"
91	" [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
92	"[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
93	"[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
94	"[-r fs-revision] [-R raid_opts] [-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
95		program_name);
96	exit(1);
97}
98
99static int int_log2(int arg)
100{
101	int	l = 0;
102
103	arg >>= 1;
104	while (arg) {
105		l++;
106		arg >>= 1;
107	}
108	return l;
109}
110
111static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
112{
113	int	l;
114
115	for (l=0; arg ; l++)
116		arg = arg / 10;
117	return l;
118}
119
120/*
121 * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
122 *
123 * The type is specified by the user.  The size is the maximum size
124 * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
125 * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
126 * Note that order is important in the table below.
127 */
128static char default_str[] = "default";
129struct mke2fs_defaults {
130	const char	*type;
131	int		size;
132	int		blocksize;
133	int		inode_ratio;
134} settings[] = {
135	{ default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
136	{ default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
137	{ default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
138	{ "journal", 0, 4096, 8192 },
139	{ "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
140	{ "largefile", 0, 4096, 1024 * 1024 },
141	{ "largefile4", 0, 4096, 4096 * 1024 },
142	{ 0, 0, 0, 0},
143};
144
145static void set_fs_defaults(char *fs_type, struct ext2_super_block *super,
146			    int blocksize, int *inode_ratio)
147{
148	int	megs;
149	int	ratio = 0;
150	struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
151
152	megs = (super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) /
153		1024);
154	if (inode_ratio)
155		ratio = *inode_ratio;
156	if (!fs_type)
157		fs_type = default_str;
158	for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
159		if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
160		    (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
161			continue;
162		if ((p->size != 0) &&
163		    (megs > p->size))
164			continue;
165		if (ratio == 0)
166			*inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio;
167		if (blocksize == 0) {
168			super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
169				int_log2(p->blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
170		}
171	}
172	if (blocksize == 0)
173		super->s_blocks_count /= EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024;
174}
175
176/*
177 * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
178 */
179static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk)
180{
181	printf(_("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
182	return;
183}
184
185/*
186 * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
187 */
188static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
189			 const char *bad_blocks_file)
190{
191	FILE		*f;
192	errcode_t	retval;
193
194	f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
195	if (!f) {
196		com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
197			_("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
198		exit(1);
199	}
200	retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
201	fclose (f);
202	if (retval) {
203		com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
204			_("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
205		exit(1);
206	}
207}
208
209/*
210 * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
211 */
212static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
213{
214	FILE		*f;
215	errcode_t	retval;
216	char		buf[1024];
217
218	sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
219		quiet ? "" : "-s ", fs->device_name,
220		fs->super->s_blocks_count);
221	if (verbose)
222		printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
223	f = popen(buf, "r");
224	if (!f) {
225		com_err("popen", errno,
226			_("while trying run '%s'"), buf);
227		exit(1);
228	}
229	retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
230	pclose(f);
231	if (retval) {
232		com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
233			_("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
234		exit(1);
235	}
236}
237
238static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
239{
240	int			i, j;
241	int			must_be_good;
242	blk_t			blk;
243	badblocks_iterate	bb_iter;
244	errcode_t		retval;
245	blk_t			group_block;
246	int			group;
247	int			group_bad;
248
249	if (!bb_list)
250		return;
251
252	/*
253	 * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
254	 * good; if not, abort.
255	 */
256	must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
257	for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
258		if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
259			fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
260				"superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
261			fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
262				"in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
263				fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
264			fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting....\n"));
265			exit(1);
266		}
267	}
268
269	/*
270	 * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
271	 * superblocks and/or group descriptors.  If so, issue a
272	 * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
273	 */
274	group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
275		fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
276
277	for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
278		group_bad = 0;
279		for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
280			if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list,
281						       group_block + j)) {
282				if (!group_bad)
283					fprintf(stderr,
284_("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
285"	bad blocks.\n\n"),
286						group_block);
287				group_bad++;
288				group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
289				fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
290				fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
291			}
292		}
293		group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
294	}
295
296	/*
297	 * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
298	 */
299	retval = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
300	if (retval) {
301		com_err("ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
302			_("while marking bad blocks as used"));
303		exit(1);
304	}
305	while (ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
306		ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
307	ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
308}
309
310/*
311 * These functions implement a generalized progress meter.
312 */
313struct progress_struct {
314	char		format[20];
315	char		backup[80];
316	__u32		max;
317};
318
319static void progress_init(struct progress_struct *progress,
320			  char *label,__u32 max)
321{
322	int	i;
323
324	memset(progress, 0, sizeof(struct progress_struct));
325	if (quiet)
326		return;
327
328	/*
329	 * Figure out how many digits we need
330	 */
331	i = int_log10(max);
332	sprintf(progress->format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
333	memset(progress->backup, '\b', sizeof(progress->backup)-1);
334	progress->backup[sizeof(progress->backup)-1] = 0;
335	if ((2*i)+1 < sizeof(progress->backup))
336		progress->backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
337	progress->max = max;
338
339	fputs(label, stdout);
340	fflush(stdout);
341}
342
343static void progress_update(struct progress_struct *progress, __u32 val)
344{
345	if (progress->format[0] == 0)
346		return;
347	printf(progress->format, val, progress->max);
348	fputs(progress->backup, stdout);
349}
350
351static void progress_close(struct progress_struct *progress)
352{
353	if (progress->format[0] == 0)
354		return;
355	fputs(_("done                            \n"), stdout);
356}
357
358
359/*
360 * Helper function which zeros out _num_ blocks starting at _blk_.  In
361 * case of an error, the details of the error is returned via _ret_blk_
362 * and _ret_count_ if they are non-NULL pointers.  Returns 0 on
363 * success, and an error code on an error.
364 *
365 * As a special case, if the first argument is NULL, then it will
366 * attempt to free the static zeroizing buffer.  (This is to keep
367 * programs that check for memory leaks happy.)
368 */
369static errcode_t zero_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk, int num,
370			     struct progress_struct *progress,
371			     blk_t *ret_blk, int *ret_count)
372{
373	int		j, count, next_update, next_update_incr;
374	static char	*buf;
375	errcode_t	retval;
376
377	/* If fs is null, clean up the static buffer and return */
378	if (!fs) {
379		if (buf) {
380			free(buf);
381			buf = 0;
382		}
383		return 0;
384	}
385	/* Allocate the zeroizing buffer if necessary */
386	if (!buf) {
387		buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
388		if (!buf) {
389			com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
390				_("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
391			exit(1);
392		}
393		memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
394	}
395	/* OK, do the write loop */
396	next_update = 0;
397	next_update_incr = num / 100;
398	if (next_update_incr < 1)
399		next_update_incr = 1;
400	for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
401		if (num-j > STRIDE_LENGTH)
402			count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
403		else
404			count = num - j;
405		retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
406		if (retval) {
407			if (ret_count)
408				*ret_count = count;
409			if (ret_blk)
410				*ret_blk = blk;
411			return retval;
412		}
413		if (progress && j > next_update) {
414			next_update += num / 100;
415			progress_update(progress, blk);
416		}
417	}
418	return 0;
419}
420
421static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
422{
423	errcode_t	retval;
424	blk_t		blk;
425	int		i, num;
426	struct progress_struct progress;
427
428	if (quiet)
429		memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
430	else
431		progress_init(&progress, _("Writing inode tables: "),
432			      fs->group_desc_count);
433
434	for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
435		progress_update(&progress, i);
436
437		blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
438		num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
439
440		retval = zero_blocks(fs, blk, num, 0, &blk, &num);
441		if (retval) {
442			printf(_("\nCould not write %d blocks "
443				 "in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
444			       num, blk, error_message(retval));
445			exit(1);
446		}
447		if (sync_kludge) {
448			if (sync_kludge == 1)
449				sync();
450			else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
451				sync();
452		}
453	}
454	zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
455	progress_close(&progress);
456}
457
458static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
459{
460	errcode_t	retval;
461	struct ext2_inode	inode;
462
463	retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
464	if (retval) {
465		com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
466		exit(1);
467	}
468	if (geteuid()) {
469		retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
470		if (retval) {
471			com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
472				_("while reading root inode"));
473			exit(1);
474		}
475		inode.i_uid = getuid();
476		if (inode.i_uid)
477			inode.i_gid = getgid();
478		retval = ext2fs_write_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
479		if (retval) {
480			com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
481				_("while setting root inode ownership"));
482			exit(1);
483		}
484	}
485}
486
487static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
488{
489	errcode_t		retval;
490	ext2_ino_t		ino;
491	const char		*name = "lost+found";
492	int			i;
493	int			lpf_size = 0;
494
495	retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
496	if (retval) {
497		com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
498			_("while creating /lost+found"));
499		exit(1);
500	}
501
502	retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
503	if (retval) {
504		com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
505			_("while looking up /lost+found"));
506		exit(1);
507	}
508
509	for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
510		if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
511			break;
512		retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
513		if (retval) {
514			com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
515				_("while expanding /lost+found"));
516			exit(1);
517		}
518	}
519}
520
521static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
522{
523	errcode_t	retval;
524
525	ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
526	fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
527	fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
528	retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
529	if (retval) {
530		com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
531			_("while setting bad block inode"));
532		exit(1);
533	}
534
535}
536
537static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
538{
539	ext2_ino_t	i;
540	int		group;
541
542	for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
543		ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
544		group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
545		fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
546		fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
547	}
548	ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
549}
550
551static void zap_sector(ext2_filsys fs, int sect, int nsect)
552{
553	char *buf;
554	int retval;
555
556	buf = malloc(512*nsect);
557	memset(buf, 0, 512*nsect);
558
559	io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, 512);
560	retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, sect, -512*nsect, buf);
561	io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, fs->blocksize);
562	free(buf);
563	if (retval)
564		printf(_("Warning: could not erase sector %d: %s\n"), sect,
565		       error_message(retval));
566}
567
568static void create_journal_dev(ext2_filsys fs)
569{
570	struct progress_struct progress;
571	errcode_t		retval;
572	char			*buf;
573	blk_t			blk;
574	int			count;
575
576	retval = ext2fs_create_journal_superblock(fs,
577				  fs->super->s_blocks_count, 0, &buf);
578	if (retval) {
579		com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
580			_("while initializing journal superblock"));
581		exit(1);
582	}
583	if (quiet)
584		memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
585	else
586		progress_init(&progress, _("Zeroing journal device: "),
587			      fs->super->s_blocks_count);
588
589	retval = zero_blocks(fs, 0, fs->super->s_blocks_count,
590			     &progress, &blk, &count);
591	if (retval) {
592		com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
593			_("while zeroing journal device (block %u, count %d)"),
594			blk, count);
595		exit(1);
596	}
597	zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
598
599	retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io,
600				      fs->super->s_first_data_block+1,
601				      1, buf);
602	if (retval) {
603		com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
604			_("while writing journal superblock"));
605		exit(1);
606	}
607	progress_close(&progress);
608}
609
610static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
611{
612	struct ext2_super_block *s = fs->super;
613	char 			buf[80];
614	blk_t			group_block;
615	int			i, need, col_left;
616
617	if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
618		printf(_("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
619		       param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
620
621	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
622	strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
623	printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
624	printf(_("OS type: "));
625	switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
626	    case EXT2_OS_LINUX: printf ("Linux"); break;
627	    case EXT2_OS_HURD:  printf ("GNU/Hurd");   break;
628	    case EXT2_OS_MASIX: printf ("Masix"); break;
629	    default:		printf (_("(unknown os)"));
630        }
631	printf("\n");
632	printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
633		s->s_log_block_size);
634	printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
635		s->s_log_frag_size);
636	printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
637	       s->s_blocks_count);
638	printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
639		s->s_r_blocks_count,
640	       100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
641	printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
642	if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
643		printf(_("%u block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
644	else
645		printf(_("%u block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
646	printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
647	       s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
648	printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
649
650	if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
651		printf("\n");
652		return;
653	}
654
655	printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
656	group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
657	col_left = 0;
658	for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
659		group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
660		if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
661			continue;
662		if (i != 1)
663			printf(", ");
664		need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
665		if (need > col_left) {
666			printf("\n\t");
667			col_left = 72;
668		}
669		col_left -= need;
670		printf("%u", group_block);
671	}
672	printf("\n\n");
673}
674
675/*
676 * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field.  Return true if OS is known,
677 * otherwise, 0.
678 */
679static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
680{
681	if (isdigit (*os))
682		sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
683	else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
684		sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
685	else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
686		sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
687	else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
688		sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
689	else
690		return 0;
691	return 1;
692}
693
694#define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
695
696static void parse_raid_opts(const char *opts)
697{
698	char	*buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
699	int	len;
700	int	raid_usage = 0;
701
702	len = strlen(opts);
703	buf = malloc(len+1);
704	if (!buf) {
705		fprintf(stderr, _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse "
706			"raid options!\n"));
707		exit(1);
708	}
709	strcpy(buf, opts);
710	for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
711		p = strchr(token, ',');
712		next = 0;
713		if (p) {
714			*p = 0;
715			next = p+1;
716		}
717		arg = strchr(token, '=');
718		if (arg) {
719			*arg = 0;
720			arg++;
721		}
722		if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
723			if (!arg) {
724				raid_usage++;
725				continue;
726			}
727			fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
728			if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
729				fprintf(stderr,
730					_("Invalid stride parameter.\n"));
731				raid_usage++;
732				continue;
733			}
734		} else
735			raid_usage++;
736	}
737	if (raid_usage) {
738		fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad raid options specified.\n\n"
739			"Raid options are separated by commas, "
740			"and may take an argument which\n"
741			"\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
742			"Valid raid options are:\n"
743			"\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n\n"));
744		exit(1);
745	}
746}
747
748static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
749	EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL,	/* Compat */
750	EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE|		/* Incompat */
751		EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV,
752	EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER	/* R/O compat */
753};
754
755
756static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
757{
758	int		c;
759	int		size;
760	char *		tmp;
761	blk_t		group_blk_max = 8192;
762	int		blocksize = 0;
763	int		inode_ratio = 0;
764	int		reserved_ratio = 5;
765	ext2_ino_t	num_inodes = 0;
766	errcode_t	retval;
767	char *		oldpath = getenv("PATH");
768	char *		raid_opts = 0;
769	char *		fs_type = 0;
770	int		default_features = 1;
771	blk_t		dev_size;
772#ifdef linux
773	struct 		utsname ut;
774#endif
775
776	/* Update our PATH to include /sbin  */
777	if (oldpath) {
778		char *newpath;
779
780		newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
781		strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
782		strcat (newpath, ":");
783		strcat (newpath, oldpath);
784		putenv (newpath);
785	} else
786		putenv (PATH_SET);
787
788	tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
789	if (tmp)
790		sync_kludge = atoi(tmp);
791
792	setbuf(stdout, NULL);
793	setbuf(stderr, NULL);
794	initialize_ext2_error_table();
795	memset(&param, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
796	param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
797	param.s_feature_incompat |= EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
798	param.s_feature_ro_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
799
800#ifdef linux
801	if (uname(&ut)) {
802		perror("uname");
803		exit(1);
804	}
805	if ((ut.release[0] == '1') ||
806	    (ut.release[0] == '2' && ut.release[1] == '.' &&
807	     ut.release[2] < '2' && ut.release[3] == '.')) {
808		param.s_rev_level = 0;
809		param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
810		param.s_feature_compat = 0;
811		param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
812	}
813#endif
814	fprintf (stderr, "mke2fs %s (%s)\n",
815		 E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
816	if (argc && *argv)
817		program_name = *argv;
818	while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
819		    "b:cf:g:i:jl:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:J:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF)
820		switch (c) {
821		case 'b':
822			blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
823			if (blocksize < 1024 || blocksize > 4096 || *tmp) {
824				com_err(program_name, 0,
825					_("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
826				exit(1);
827			}
828			param.s_log_block_size =
829				int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
830			group_blk_max = blocksize * 8;
831			break;
832		case 'c':	/* Check for bad blocks */
833		case 't':	/* deprecated */
834			cflag = 1;
835			break;
836		case 'f':
837			size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
838			if (size < 1024 || size > 4096 || *tmp) {
839				com_err(program_name, 0,
840					_("bad fragment size - %s"),
841					optarg);
842				exit(1);
843			}
844			param.s_log_frag_size =
845				int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
846			printf(_("Warning: fragments not supported.  "
847			       "Ignoring -f option\n"));
848			break;
849		case 'g':
850			param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
851			if (*tmp) {
852				com_err(program_name, 0,
853					_("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
854				exit(1);
855			}
856			if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
857				com_err(program_name, 0,
858				_("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
859				exit(1);
860			}
861			break;
862		case 'i':
863			inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
864			if (inode_ratio < 1024 || inode_ratio > 4096 * 1024 ||
865			    *tmp) {
866				com_err(program_name, 0,
867					_("bad inode ratio - %s"), optarg);
868				exit(1);
869			}
870			break;
871		case 'J':
872			parse_journal_opts(optarg);
873			break;
874		case 'j':
875			param.s_feature_compat |=
876				EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
877			if (!journal_size)
878				journal_size = -1;
879			break;
880		case 'l':
881			bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
882			if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
883				com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
884					_("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
885				exit(1);
886			}
887			strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
888			break;
889		case 'm':
890			reserved_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
891			if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
892				com_err(program_name, 0,
893					_("bad reserved blocks percent - %s"),
894					optarg);
895				exit(1);
896			}
897			break;
898		case 'n':
899			noaction++;
900			break;
901		case 'o':
902			creator_os = optarg;
903			break;
904		case 'r':
905			param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
906			if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
907				param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
908				param.s_feature_compat = 0;
909				param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
910			}
911			break;
912		case 's':	/* deprecated */
913			if (atoi(optarg))
914				param.s_feature_ro_compat |=
915					EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
916			else
917				param.s_feature_ro_compat &=
918					~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
919			break;
920#ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
921		case 'I':
922			param.s_inode_size = atoi(optarg);
923			break;
924#endif
925		case 'N':
926			num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
927			break;
928		case 'v':
929			verbose = 1;
930			break;
931		case 'q':
932			quiet = 1;
933			break;
934		case 'F':
935			force = 1;
936			break;
937		case 'L':
938			volume_label = optarg;
939			break;
940		case 'M':
941			mount_dir = optarg;
942			break;
943		case 'O':
944			if (!strcmp(optarg, "none") || default_features) {
945				param.s_feature_compat = 0;
946				param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
947				param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
948				default_features = 0;
949			}
950			if (!strcmp(optarg, "none"))
951				break;
952			if (e2p_edit_feature(optarg,
953					    &param.s_feature_compat,
954					    ok_features)) {
955				fprintf(stderr,
956					_("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"), optarg);
957				exit(1);
958			}
959			break;
960		case 'R':
961			raid_opts = optarg;
962			break;
963		case 'S':
964			super_only = 1;
965			break;
966		case 'T':
967			fs_type = optarg;
968			break;
969		case 'V':
970			/* Print version number and exit */
971			fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
972				error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
973			exit(0);
974		default:
975			usage();
976		}
977	if (optind == argc)
978		usage();
979	device_name = argv[optind];
980	optind++;
981	if (optind < argc) {
982		unsigned long tmp2  = strtoul(argv[optind++], &tmp, 0);
983
984		if ((*tmp) || (tmp2 > 0xfffffffful)) {
985			com_err(program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
986				argv[optind - 1]);
987			exit(1);
988		}
989		param.s_blocks_count = tmp2;
990	}
991	if (optind < argc)
992		usage();
993
994	if (raid_opts)
995		parse_raid_opts(raid_opts);
996
997	/*
998	 * If there's no blocksize specified and there is a journal
999	 * device, use it to figure out the blocksize
1000	 */
1001	if (blocksize == 0 && journal_device) {
1002		ext2_filsys	jfs;
1003
1004		retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device,
1005				     EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1006				     0, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1007		if (retval) {
1008			com_err(program_name, retval,
1009				_("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1010				journal_device);
1011			exit(1);
1012		}
1013		blocksize = jfs->blocksize;
1014		param.s_log_block_size =
1015			int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
1016		ext2fs_close(jfs);
1017	}
1018
1019	if (param.s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1020		if (!fs_type)
1021			fs_type = "journal";
1022		reserved_ratio = 0;
1023		param.s_feature_incompat = EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV;
1024		param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1025		param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1026 	}
1027	if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
1028	    (param.s_feature_compat || param.s_feature_ro_compat ||
1029	     param.s_feature_incompat))
1030		param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create a revision 1 filesystem */
1031
1032	if (!force)
1033		check_plausibility(device_name);
1034	check_mount(device_name, force, _("filesystem"));
1035
1036	param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
1037
1038	if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
1039		dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
1040		retval = 0;
1041	} else
1042		retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1043						EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param),
1044						&dev_size);
1045	if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
1046		com_err(program_name, retval,
1047			_("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
1048		exit(1);
1049	}
1050	if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1051		if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1052			com_err(program_name, 0,
1053				_("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1054				"must specify\nthe size of the "
1055				"filesystem\n"));
1056			exit(1);
1057		} else {
1058			if (dev_size == 0) {
1059				com_err(program_name, 0,
1060				_("Device size reported to be zero.  "
1061				  "Invalid partition specified, or\n\t"
1062				  "partition table wasn't reread "
1063				  "after running fdisk, due to\n\t"
1064				  "a modified partition being busy "
1065				  "and in use.  You may need to reboot\n\t"
1066				  "to re-read your partition table.\n"
1067				  ));
1068				exit(1);
1069			}
1070			param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
1071		}
1072
1073	} else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
1074		com_err(program_name, 0,
1075			_("Filesystem larger than apparent filesystem size."));
1076		proceed_question();
1077	}
1078
1079	/*
1080	 * If the user asked for HAS_JOURNAL, then make sure a journal
1081	 * gets created.
1082	 */
1083	if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) &&
1084	    !journal_size)
1085		journal_size = -1;
1086
1087	set_fs_defaults(fs_type, &param, blocksize, &inode_ratio);
1088
1089	if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
1090		if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
1091		    param.s_blocks_per_group > group_blk_max || *tmp) {
1092			com_err(program_name, 0,
1093				_("blocks per group count out of range"));
1094			exit(1);
1095		}
1096	}
1097
1098	/*
1099	 * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
1100	 */
1101	param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
1102		((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param))
1103			/ inode_ratio;
1104
1105	/*
1106	 * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
1107	 */
1108	param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
1109
1110}
1111
1112int main (int argc, char *argv[])
1113{
1114	errcode_t	retval = 0;
1115	ext2_filsys	fs;
1116	badblocks_list	bb_list = 0;
1117	int		journal_blocks;
1118	int		i, val;
1119
1120#ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1121	setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1122	bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1123	textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1124#endif
1125	PRS(argc, argv);
1126
1127	/*
1128	 * Initialize the superblock....
1129	 */
1130	retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, &param,
1131				   unix_io_manager, &fs);
1132	if (retval) {
1133		com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1134		exit(1);
1135	}
1136
1137	/*
1138	 * Wipe out the old on-disk superblock
1139	 */
1140	if (!noaction)
1141		zap_sector(fs, 2, 6);
1142
1143	/*
1144	 * Generate a UUID for it...
1145	 */
1146	uuid_generate(fs->super->s_uuid);
1147
1148	/*
1149	 * Add "jitter" to the superblock's check interval so that we
1150	 * don't check all the filesystems at the same time.  We use a
1151	 * kludgy hack of using the UUID to derive a random jitter value.
1152	 */
1153	for (i = 0, val = 0 ; i < sizeof(fs->super->s_uuid); i++)
1154		val += fs->super->s_uuid[i];
1155	fs->super->s_max_mnt_count += val % EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT;
1156
1157	/*
1158	 * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1159	 */
1160	if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1161		com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1162		exit(1);
1163	}
1164
1165	/*
1166	 * For the Hurd, we will turn off filetype since it doesn't
1167	 * support it.
1168	 */
1169	if (fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_HURD)
1170		fs->super->s_feature_incompat &=
1171			~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
1172
1173	/*
1174	 * Set the volume label...
1175	 */
1176	if (volume_label) {
1177		memset(fs->super->s_volume_name, 0,
1178		       sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1179		strncpy(fs->super->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1180			sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1181	}
1182
1183	/*
1184	 * Set the last mount directory
1185	 */
1186	if (mount_dir) {
1187		memset(fs->super->s_last_mounted, 0,
1188		       sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1189		strncpy(fs->super->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1190			sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1191	}
1192
1193	if (!quiet || noaction)
1194		show_stats(fs);
1195
1196	if (noaction)
1197		exit(0);
1198
1199	if (fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
1200	    EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1201		create_journal_dev(fs);
1202		ext2fs_close(fs);
1203		exit(0);
1204	}
1205
1206	if (bad_blocks_filename)
1207		read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1208	if (cflag)
1209		test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1210
1211	handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1212	fs->stride = fs_stride;
1213	retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1214	if (retval) {
1215		com_err(program_name, retval,
1216			_("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1217		exit(1);
1218	}
1219	if (super_only) {
1220		fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1221		fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1222	} else {
1223		/* rsv must be a power of two (64kB is MD RAID sb alignment) */
1224		int rsv = 65536 / fs->blocksize;
1225		unsigned long blocks = fs->super->s_blocks_count;
1226		unsigned long start;
1227		blk_t ret_blk;
1228
1229#ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1230		zap_sector(fs, 0, 2);
1231#endif
1232
1233		/*
1234		 * Wipe out any old MD RAID (or other) metadata at the end
1235		 * of the device.  This will also verify that the device is
1236		 * as large as we think.  Be careful with very small devices.
1237		 */
1238		start = (blocks & ~(rsv - 1));
1239		if (start > rsv)
1240			start -= rsv;
1241		if (start > 0)
1242			retval = zero_blocks(fs, start, blocks - start,
1243					     NULL, &ret_blk, NULL);
1244
1245		if (retval) {
1246			com_err(program_name, retval,
1247				_("zeroing block %u at end of filesystem"),
1248				ret_blk);
1249			exit(1);
1250		}
1251		write_inode_tables(fs);
1252		create_root_dir(fs);
1253		create_lost_and_found(fs);
1254		reserve_inodes(fs);
1255		create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1256	}
1257
1258	if (journal_device) {
1259		ext2_filsys	jfs;
1260
1261		if (!force)
1262			check_plausibility(journal_device);
1263		check_mount(journal_device, force, _("journal"));
1264
1265		retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device, EXT2_FLAG_RW|
1266				     EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1267				     fs->blocksize, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1268		if (retval) {
1269			com_err(program_name, retval,
1270				_("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1271				journal_device);
1272			exit(1);
1273		}
1274		if (!quiet) {
1275			printf(_("Adding journal to device %s: "),
1276			       journal_device);
1277			fflush(stdout);
1278		}
1279		retval = ext2fs_add_journal_device(fs, jfs);
1280		if(retval) {
1281			com_err (program_name, retval,
1282				 _("\n\twhile trying to add journal to device %s"),
1283				 journal_device);
1284			exit(1);
1285		}
1286		if (!quiet)
1287			printf(_("done\n"));
1288		ext2fs_close(jfs);
1289		free(journal_device);
1290	} else if (journal_size) {
1291		journal_blocks = figure_journal_size(journal_size, fs);
1292
1293		if (!journal_blocks) {
1294			fs->super->s_feature_compat &=
1295				~EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1296			goto no_journal;
1297		}
1298		if (!quiet) {
1299			printf(_("Creating journal (%d blocks): "),
1300			       journal_blocks);
1301			fflush(stdout);
1302		}
1303		retval = ext2fs_add_journal_inode(fs, journal_blocks,
1304						  journal_flags);
1305		if (retval) {
1306			com_err (program_name, retval,
1307				 _("\n\twhile trying to create journal"));
1308			exit(1);
1309		}
1310		if (!quiet)
1311			printf(_("done\n"));
1312	}
1313no_journal:
1314
1315	if (!quiet)
1316		printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1317		       "filesystem accounting information: "));
1318	retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1319	if (retval) {
1320		printf(_("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1321	}
1322	if (!quiet) {
1323		printf(_("done\n\n"));
1324		print_check_message(fs);
1325	}
1326	ext2fs_close(fs);
1327	return 0;
1328}
1329