mke2fs.c revision 5e804b72b66c04eb597fc9f6a45226eb8e71eccd
1/*
2 * mke2fs.c - Make a ext2fs filesystem.
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 Theodore Ts'o.
5 *
6 * %Begin-Header%
7 * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
8 * License.
9 * %End-Header%
10 */
11
12/* Usage: mke2fs [options] device
13 *
14 * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
15 * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
16 */
17
18#include <stdio.h>
19#include <string.h>
20#include <fcntl.h>
21#include <ctype.h>
22#include <time.h>
23#ifdef __linux__
24#include <sys/utsname.h>
25#endif
26#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
27#include <getopt.h>
28#else
29extern char *optarg;
30extern int optind;
31#endif
32#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
33#include <unistd.h>
34#endif
35#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
36#include <stdlib.h>
37#endif
38#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
39#include <errno.h>
40#endif
41#ifdef HAVE_MNTENT_H
42#include <mntent.h>
43#endif
44#include <sys/ioctl.h>
45#include <sys/types.h>
46
47#include "ext2fs/ext2_fs.h"
48#include "et/com_err.h"
49#include "uuid/uuid.h"
50#include "e2p/e2p.h"
51#include "ext2fs/ext2fs.h"
52#include "util.h"
53#include "../version.h"
54#include "nls-enable.h"
55
56#define STRIDE_LENGTH 8
57
58#ifndef __sparc__
59#define ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
60#endif
61
62extern int isatty(int);
63extern FILE *fpopen(const char *cmd, const char *mode);
64
65const char * program_name = "mke2fs";
66const char * device_name /* = NULL */;
67
68/* Command line options */
69int	cflag;
70int	verbose;
71int	quiet;
72int	super_only;
73int	force;
74int	noaction;
75int	journal_size;
76int	journal_flags;
77char	*bad_blocks_filename;
78__u32	fs_stride;
79
80struct ext2_super_block param;
81char *creator_os;
82char *volume_label;
83char *mount_dir;
84char *journal_device;
85int sync_kludge;	/* Set using the MKE2FS_SYNC env. option */
86
87int sys_page_size = 4096;
88
89static void usage(void)
90{
91	fprintf(stderr, _("Usage: %s [-c|-t|-l filename] [-b block-size] "
92	"[-f fragment-size]\n\t[-i bytes-per-inode] [-j] [-J journal-options]"
93	" [-N number-of-inodes]\n\t[-m reserved-blocks-percentage] "
94	"[-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group]\n\t[-L volume-label] "
95	"[-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]]\n\t"
96	"[-r fs-revision] [-R raid_opts] [-qvSV] device [blocks-count]\n"),
97		program_name);
98	exit(1);
99}
100
101static int int_log2(int arg)
102{
103	int	l = 0;
104
105	arg >>= 1;
106	while (arg) {
107		l++;
108		arg >>= 1;
109	}
110	return l;
111}
112
113static int int_log10(unsigned int arg)
114{
115	int	l;
116
117	for (l=0; arg ; l++)
118		arg = arg / 10;
119	return l;
120}
121
122/*
123 * This function sets the default parameters for a filesystem
124 *
125 * The type is specified by the user.  The size is the maximum size
126 * (in megabytes) for which a set of parameters applies, with a size
127 * of zero meaning that it is the default parameter for the type.
128 * Note that order is important in the table below.
129 */
130#define DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE -1
131static char default_str[] = "default";
132struct mke2fs_defaults {
133	const char	*type;
134	int		size;
135	int		blocksize;
136	int		inode_ratio;
137} settings[] = {
138	{ default_str, 0, 4096, 8192 },
139	{ default_str, 512, 1024, 4096 },
140	{ default_str, 3, 1024, 8192 },
141	{ "journal", 0, 4096, 8192 },
142	{ "news", 0, 4096, 4096 },
143	{ "largefile", 0, DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE, 1024 * 1024 },
144	{ "largefile4", 0, DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE, 4096 * 1024 },
145	{ 0, 0, 0, 0},
146};
147
148static void set_fs_defaults(const char *fs_type,
149			    struct ext2_super_block *super,
150			    int blocksize, int *inode_ratio)
151{
152	int	megs;
153	int	ratio = 0;
154	struct mke2fs_defaults *p;
155
156	megs = super->s_blocks_count * (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024) / 1024;
157	if (inode_ratio)
158		ratio = *inode_ratio;
159	if (!fs_type)
160		fs_type = default_str;
161	for (p = settings; p->type; p++) {
162		if ((strcmp(p->type, fs_type) != 0) &&
163		    (strcmp(p->type, default_str) != 0))
164			continue;
165		if ((p->size != 0) &&
166		    (megs > p->size))
167			continue;
168		if (ratio == 0)
169			*inode_ratio = p->inode_ratio < blocksize ?
170				blocksize : p->inode_ratio;
171		if (blocksize == 0) {
172			if (p->blocksize == DEF_MAX_BLOCKSIZE)
173				p->blocksize = sys_page_size;
174			super->s_log_frag_size = super->s_log_block_size =
175				int_log2(p->blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
176		}
177	}
178	if (blocksize == 0)
179		super->s_blocks_count /= EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(super) / 1024;
180}
181
182/*
183 * Helper function for read_bb_file and test_disk
184 */
185static void invalid_block(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk)
186{
187	fprintf(stderr, _("Bad block %u out of range; ignored.\n"), blk);
188	return;
189}
190
191/*
192 * Reads the bad blocks list from a file
193 */
194static void read_bb_file(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list,
195			 const char *bad_blocks_file)
196{
197	FILE		*f;
198	errcode_t	retval;
199
200	f = fopen(bad_blocks_file, "r");
201	if (!f) {
202		com_err("read_bad_blocks_file", errno,
203			_("while trying to open %s"), bad_blocks_file);
204		exit(1);
205	}
206	retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
207	fclose (f);
208	if (retval) {
209		com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
210			_("while reading in list of bad blocks from file"));
211		exit(1);
212	}
213}
214
215/*
216 * Runs the badblocks program to test the disk
217 */
218static void test_disk(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list *bb_list)
219{
220	FILE		*f;
221	errcode_t	retval;
222	char		buf[1024];
223
224	sprintf(buf, "badblocks -b %d %s%s%s %d", fs->blocksize,
225		quiet ? "" : "-s ", (cflag > 1) ? "-w " : "",
226		fs->device_name, fs->super->s_blocks_count);
227	if (verbose)
228		printf(_("Running command: %s\n"), buf);
229	f = popen(buf, "r");
230	if (!f) {
231		com_err("popen", errno,
232			_("while trying run '%s'"), buf);
233		exit(1);
234	}
235	retval = ext2fs_read_bb_FILE(fs, f, bb_list, invalid_block);
236	pclose(f);
237	if (retval) {
238		com_err("ext2fs_read_bb_FILE", retval,
239			_("while processing list of bad blocks from program"));
240		exit(1);
241	}
242}
243
244static void handle_bad_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
245{
246	int			i, j;
247	int			must_be_good;
248	blk_t			blk;
249	badblocks_iterate	bb_iter;
250	errcode_t		retval;
251	blk_t			group_block;
252	int			group;
253	int			group_bad;
254
255	if (!bb_list)
256		return;
257
258	/*
259	 * The primary superblock and group descriptors *must* be
260	 * good; if not, abort.
261	 */
262	must_be_good = fs->super->s_first_data_block + 1 + fs->desc_blocks;
263	for (i = fs->super->s_first_data_block; i <= must_be_good; i++) {
264		if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list, i)) {
265			fprintf(stderr, _("Block %d in primary "
266				"superblock/group descriptor area bad.\n"), i);
267			fprintf(stderr, _("Blocks %d through %d must be good "
268				"in order to build a filesystem.\n"),
269				fs->super->s_first_data_block, must_be_good);
270			fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting....\n"));
271			exit(1);
272		}
273	}
274
275	/*
276	 * See if any of the bad blocks are showing up in the backup
277	 * superblocks and/or group descriptors.  If so, issue a
278	 * warning and adjust the block counts appropriately.
279	 */
280	group_block = fs->super->s_first_data_block +
281		fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
282
283	for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
284		group_bad = 0;
285		for (j=0; j < fs->desc_blocks+1; j++) {
286			if (ext2fs_badblocks_list_test(bb_list,
287						       group_block + j)) {
288				if (!group_bad)
289					fprintf(stderr,
290_("Warning: the backup superblock/group descriptors at block %d contain\n"
291"	bad blocks.\n\n"),
292						group_block);
293				group_bad++;
294				group = ext2fs_group_of_blk(fs, group_block+j);
295				fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_blocks_count++;
296				fs->super->s_free_blocks_count++;
297			}
298		}
299		group_block += fs->super->s_blocks_per_group;
300	}
301
302	/*
303	 * Mark all the bad blocks as used...
304	 */
305	retval = ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin(bb_list, &bb_iter);
306	if (retval) {
307		com_err("ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_begin", retval,
308			_("while marking bad blocks as used"));
309		exit(1);
310	}
311	while (ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate(bb_iter, &blk))
312		ext2fs_mark_block_bitmap(fs->block_map, blk);
313	ext2fs_badblocks_list_iterate_end(bb_iter);
314}
315
316/*
317 * These functions implement a generalized progress meter.
318 */
319struct progress_struct {
320	char		format[20];
321	char		backup[80];
322	__u32		max;
323};
324
325static void progress_init(struct progress_struct *progress,
326			  const char *label,__u32 max)
327{
328	int	i;
329
330	memset(progress, 0, sizeof(struct progress_struct));
331	if (quiet)
332		return;
333
334	/*
335	 * Figure out how many digits we need
336	 */
337	i = int_log10(max);
338	sprintf(progress->format, "%%%dd/%%%dld", i, i);
339	memset(progress->backup, '\b', sizeof(progress->backup)-1);
340	progress->backup[sizeof(progress->backup)-1] = 0;
341	if ((2*i)+1 < sizeof(progress->backup))
342		progress->backup[(2*i)+1] = 0;
343	progress->max = max;
344
345	fputs(label, stdout);
346	fflush(stdout);
347}
348
349static void progress_update(struct progress_struct *progress, __u32 val)
350{
351	if (progress->format[0] == 0)
352		return;
353	printf(progress->format, val, progress->max);
354	fputs(progress->backup, stdout);
355}
356
357static void progress_close(struct progress_struct *progress)
358{
359	if (progress->format[0] == 0)
360		return;
361	fputs(_("done                            \n"), stdout);
362}
363
364
365/*
366 * Helper function which zeros out _num_ blocks starting at _blk_.  In
367 * case of an error, the details of the error is returned via _ret_blk_
368 * and _ret_count_ if they are non-NULL pointers.  Returns 0 on
369 * success, and an error code on an error.
370 *
371 * As a special case, if the first argument is NULL, then it will
372 * attempt to free the static zeroizing buffer.  (This is to keep
373 * programs that check for memory leaks happy.)
374 */
375static errcode_t zero_blocks(ext2_filsys fs, blk_t blk, int num,
376			     struct progress_struct *progress,
377			     blk_t *ret_blk, int *ret_count)
378{
379	int		j, count, next_update, next_update_incr;
380	static char	*buf;
381	errcode_t	retval;
382
383	/* If fs is null, clean up the static buffer and return */
384	if (!fs) {
385		if (buf) {
386			free(buf);
387			buf = 0;
388		}
389		return 0;
390	}
391	/* Allocate the zeroizing buffer if necessary */
392	if (!buf) {
393		buf = malloc(fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
394		if (!buf) {
395			com_err("malloc", ENOMEM,
396				_("while allocating zeroizing buffer"));
397			exit(1);
398		}
399		memset(buf, 0, fs->blocksize * STRIDE_LENGTH);
400	}
401	/* OK, do the write loop */
402	next_update = 0;
403	next_update_incr = num / 100;
404	if (next_update_incr < 1)
405		next_update_incr = 1;
406	for (j=0; j < num; j += STRIDE_LENGTH, blk += STRIDE_LENGTH) {
407		count = num - j;
408		if (count > STRIDE_LENGTH)
409			count = STRIDE_LENGTH;
410		retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, blk, count, buf);
411		if (retval) {
412			if (ret_count)
413				*ret_count = count;
414			if (ret_blk)
415				*ret_blk = blk;
416			return retval;
417		}
418		if (progress && j > next_update) {
419			next_update += num / 100;
420			progress_update(progress, blk);
421		}
422	}
423	return 0;
424}
425
426static void write_inode_tables(ext2_filsys fs)
427{
428	errcode_t	retval;
429	blk_t		blk;
430	int		i, num;
431	struct progress_struct progress;
432
433	if (quiet)
434		memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
435	else
436		progress_init(&progress, _("Writing inode tables: "),
437			      fs->group_desc_count);
438
439	for (i = 0; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
440		progress_update(&progress, i);
441
442		blk = fs->group_desc[i].bg_inode_table;
443		num = fs->inode_blocks_per_group;
444
445		retval = zero_blocks(fs, blk, num, 0, &blk, &num);
446		if (retval) {
447			fprintf(stderr, _("\nCould not write %d blocks "
448				"in inode table starting at %d: %s\n"),
449				num, blk, error_message(retval));
450			exit(1);
451		}
452		if (sync_kludge) {
453			if (sync_kludge == 1)
454				sync();
455			else if ((i % sync_kludge) == 0)
456				sync();
457		}
458	}
459	zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
460	progress_close(&progress);
461}
462
463static void create_root_dir(ext2_filsys fs)
464{
465	errcode_t	retval;
466	struct ext2_inode	inode;
467
468	retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0);
469	if (retval) {
470		com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval, _("while creating root dir"));
471		exit(1);
472	}
473	if (geteuid()) {
474		retval = ext2fs_read_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
475		if (retval) {
476			com_err("ext2fs_read_inode", retval,
477				_("while reading root inode"));
478			exit(1);
479		}
480		inode.i_uid = getuid();
481		if (inode.i_uid)
482			inode.i_gid = getgid();
483		retval = ext2fs_write_inode(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &inode);
484		if (retval) {
485			com_err("ext2fs_write_inode", retval,
486				_("while setting root inode ownership"));
487			exit(1);
488		}
489	}
490}
491
492static void create_lost_and_found(ext2_filsys fs)
493{
494	errcode_t		retval;
495	ext2_ino_t		ino;
496	const char		*name = "lost+found";
497	int			i;
498	int			lpf_size = 0;
499
500	fs->umask = 077;
501	retval = ext2fs_mkdir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, 0, name);
502	if (retval) {
503		com_err("ext2fs_mkdir", retval,
504			_("while creating /lost+found"));
505		exit(1);
506	}
507
508	retval = ext2fs_lookup(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, name, strlen(name), 0, &ino);
509	if (retval) {
510		com_err("ext2_lookup", retval,
511			_("while looking up /lost+found"));
512		exit(1);
513	}
514
515	for (i=1; i < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS; i++) {
516		if ((lpf_size += fs->blocksize) >= 16*1024)
517			break;
518		retval = ext2fs_expand_dir(fs, ino);
519		if (retval) {
520			com_err("ext2fs_expand_dir", retval,
521				_("while expanding /lost+found"));
522			exit(1);
523		}
524	}
525}
526
527static void create_bad_block_inode(ext2_filsys fs, badblocks_list bb_list)
528{
529	errcode_t	retval;
530
531	ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, EXT2_BAD_INO);
532	fs->group_desc[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
533	fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
534	retval = ext2fs_update_bb_inode(fs, bb_list);
535	if (retval) {
536		com_err("ext2fs_update_bb_inode", retval,
537			_("while setting bad block inode"));
538		exit(1);
539	}
540
541}
542
543static void reserve_inodes(ext2_filsys fs)
544{
545	ext2_ino_t	i;
546	int		group;
547
548	for (i = EXT2_ROOT_INO + 1; i < EXT2_FIRST_INODE(fs->super); i++) {
549		ext2fs_mark_inode_bitmap(fs->inode_map, i);
550		group = ext2fs_group_of_ino(fs, i);
551		fs->group_desc[group].bg_free_inodes_count--;
552		fs->super->s_free_inodes_count--;
553	}
554	ext2fs_mark_ib_dirty(fs);
555}
556
557#define BSD_DISKMAGIC   (0x82564557UL)  /* The disk magic number */
558#define BSD_MAGICDISK   (0x57455682UL)  /* The disk magic number reversed */
559#define BSD_LABEL_OFFSET        64
560
561static void zap_sector(ext2_filsys fs, int sect, int nsect)
562{
563	char *buf;
564	int retval;
565	unsigned int *magic;
566
567	buf = malloc(512*nsect);
568	if (!buf) {
569		printf(_("Out of memory erasing sectors %d-%d\n"),
570		       sect, sect + nsect - 1);
571		exit(1);
572	}
573
574	if (sect == 0) {
575		/* Check for a BSD disklabel, and don't erase it if so */
576		retval = io_channel_read_blk(fs->io, 0, -512, buf);
577		if (retval)
578			fprintf(stderr,
579				_("Warning: could not read block 0: %s\n"),
580				error_message(retval));
581		else {
582			magic = (unsigned int *) (buf + BSD_LABEL_OFFSET);
583			if ((*magic == BSD_DISKMAGIC) ||
584			    (*magic == BSD_MAGICDISK))
585				return;
586		}
587	}
588
589	memset(buf, 0, 512*nsect);
590	io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, 512);
591	retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io, sect, -512*nsect, buf);
592	io_channel_set_blksize(fs->io, fs->blocksize);
593	free(buf);
594	if (retval)
595		fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: could not erase sector %d: %s\n"),
596			sect, error_message(retval));
597}
598
599static void create_journal_dev(ext2_filsys fs)
600{
601	struct progress_struct progress;
602	errcode_t		retval;
603	char			*buf;
604	blk_t			blk;
605	int			count;
606
607	retval = ext2fs_create_journal_superblock(fs,
608				  fs->super->s_blocks_count, 0, &buf);
609	if (retval) {
610		com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
611			_("while initializing journal superblock"));
612		exit(1);
613	}
614	if (quiet)
615		memset(&progress, 0, sizeof(progress));
616	else
617		progress_init(&progress, _("Zeroing journal device: "),
618			      fs->super->s_blocks_count);
619
620	retval = zero_blocks(fs, 0, fs->super->s_blocks_count,
621			     &progress, &blk, &count);
622	if (retval) {
623		com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
624			_("while zeroing journal device (block %u, count %d)"),
625			blk, count);
626		exit(1);
627	}
628	zero_blocks(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
629
630	retval = io_channel_write_blk(fs->io,
631				      fs->super->s_first_data_block+1,
632				      1, buf);
633	if (retval) {
634		com_err("create_journal_dev", retval,
635			_("while writing journal superblock"));
636		exit(1);
637	}
638	progress_close(&progress);
639}
640
641static void show_stats(ext2_filsys fs)
642{
643	struct ext2_super_block *s = fs->super;
644	char 			buf[80];
645	blk_t			group_block;
646	int			i, need, col_left;
647
648	if (param.s_blocks_count != s->s_blocks_count)
649		fprintf(stderr, _("warning: %d blocks unused.\n\n"),
650		       param.s_blocks_count - s->s_blocks_count);
651
652	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
653	strncpy(buf, s->s_volume_name, sizeof(s->s_volume_name));
654	printf(_("Filesystem label=%s\n"), buf);
655	printf(_("OS type: "));
656	switch (fs->super->s_creator_os) {
657	    case EXT2_OS_LINUX: printf ("Linux"); break;
658	    case EXT2_OS_HURD:  printf ("GNU/Hurd");   break;
659	    case EXT2_OS_MASIX: printf ("Masix"); break;
660	    default:		printf (_("(unknown os)"));
661        }
662	printf("\n");
663	printf(_("Block size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->blocksize,
664		s->s_log_block_size);
665	printf(_("Fragment size=%u (log=%u)\n"), fs->fragsize,
666		s->s_log_frag_size);
667	printf(_("%u inodes, %u blocks\n"), s->s_inodes_count,
668	       s->s_blocks_count);
669	printf(_("%u blocks (%2.2f%%) reserved for the super user\n"),
670		s->s_r_blocks_count,
671	       100.0 * s->s_r_blocks_count / s->s_blocks_count);
672	printf(_("First data block=%u\n"), s->s_first_data_block);
673	if (fs->group_desc_count > 1)
674		printf(_("%u block groups\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
675	else
676		printf(_("%u block group\n"), fs->group_desc_count);
677	printf(_("%u blocks per group, %u fragments per group\n"),
678	       s->s_blocks_per_group, s->s_frags_per_group);
679	printf(_("%u inodes per group\n"), s->s_inodes_per_group);
680
681	if (fs->group_desc_count == 1) {
682		printf("\n");
683		return;
684	}
685
686	printf(_("Superblock backups stored on blocks: "));
687	group_block = s->s_first_data_block;
688	col_left = 0;
689	for (i = 1; i < fs->group_desc_count; i++) {
690		group_block += s->s_blocks_per_group;
691		if (!ext2fs_bg_has_super(fs, i))
692			continue;
693		if (i != 1)
694			printf(", ");
695		need = int_log10(group_block) + 2;
696		if (need > col_left) {
697			printf("\n\t");
698			col_left = 72;
699		}
700		col_left -= need;
701		printf("%u", group_block);
702	}
703	printf("\n\n");
704}
705
706/*
707 * Set the S_CREATOR_OS field.  Return true if OS is known,
708 * otherwise, 0.
709 */
710static int set_os(struct ext2_super_block *sb, char *os)
711{
712	if (isdigit (*os))
713		sb->s_creator_os = atoi (os);
714	else if (strcasecmp(os, "linux") == 0)
715		sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_LINUX;
716	else if (strcasecmp(os, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(os, "hurd") == 0)
717		sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_HURD;
718	else if (strcasecmp(os, "masix") == 0)
719		sb->s_creator_os = EXT2_OS_MASIX;
720	else
721		return 0;
722	return 1;
723}
724
725#define PATH_SET "PATH=/sbin"
726
727static void parse_raid_opts(const char *opts)
728{
729	char	*buf, *token, *next, *p, *arg;
730	int	len;
731	int	raid_usage = 0;
732
733	len = strlen(opts);
734	buf = malloc(len+1);
735	if (!buf) {
736		fprintf(stderr, _("Couldn't allocate memory to parse "
737			"raid options!\n"));
738		exit(1);
739	}
740	strcpy(buf, opts);
741	for (token = buf; token && *token; token = next) {
742		p = strchr(token, ',');
743		next = 0;
744		if (p) {
745			*p = 0;
746			next = p+1;
747		}
748		arg = strchr(token, '=');
749		if (arg) {
750			*arg = 0;
751			arg++;
752		}
753		if (strcmp(token, "stride") == 0) {
754			if (!arg) {
755				raid_usage++;
756				continue;
757			}
758			fs_stride = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
759			if (*p || (fs_stride == 0)) {
760				fprintf(stderr,
761					_("Invalid stride parameter.\n"));
762				raid_usage++;
763				continue;
764			}
765		} else
766			raid_usage++;
767	}
768	if (raid_usage) {
769		fprintf(stderr, _("\nBad raid options specified.\n\n"
770			"Raid options are separated by commas, "
771			"and may take an argument which\n"
772			"\tis set off by an equals ('=') sign.\n\n"
773			"Valid raid options are:\n"
774			"\tstride=<stride length in blocks>\n\n"));
775		exit(1);
776	}
777}
778
779static __u32 ok_features[3] = {
780	EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL |
781		EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX,	/* Compat */
782	EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE|		/* Incompat */
783		EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV|
784		EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG,
785	EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER	/* R/O compat */
786};
787
788
789static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
790{
791	int		c;
792	int		size;
793	char *		tmp;
794	int		blocksize = 0;
795	int		inode_ratio = 0;
796	int		inode_size = 0;
797	int		reserved_ratio = 5;
798	ext2_ino_t	num_inodes = 0;
799	errcode_t	retval;
800	char *		oldpath = getenv("PATH");
801	char *		raid_opts = 0;
802	const char *	fs_type = 0;
803	int		default_features = 1;
804	blk_t		dev_size;
805#ifdef __linux__
806	struct 		utsname ut;
807#endif
808	long		sysval;
809
810	/* Update our PATH to include /sbin  */
811	if (oldpath) {
812		char *newpath;
813
814		newpath = malloc(sizeof (PATH_SET) + 1 + strlen (oldpath));
815		strcpy (newpath, PATH_SET);
816		strcat (newpath, ":");
817		strcat (newpath, oldpath);
818		putenv (newpath);
819	} else
820		putenv (PATH_SET);
821
822	tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_SYNC");
823	if (tmp)
824		sync_kludge = atoi(tmp);
825
826	/* Determine the system page size if possible */
827#ifdef HAVE_SYSCONF
828#if (!defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) && defined(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
829#define _SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
830#endif
831#ifdef _SC_PAGESIZE
832	sysval = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
833	if (sysval > 0)
834		sys_page_size = sysval;
835#endif /* _SC_PAGESIZE */
836#endif /* HAVE_SYSCONF */
837
838	setbuf(stdout, NULL);
839	setbuf(stderr, NULL);
840	initialize_ext2_error_table();
841	memset(&param, 0, sizeof(struct ext2_super_block));
842	param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create revision 1 filesystems now */
843	param.s_feature_incompat |= EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
844	param.s_feature_ro_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
845#if 0
846	param.s_feature_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX;
847#endif
848
849#ifdef __linux__
850	if (uname(&ut)) {
851		perror("uname");
852		exit(1);
853	}
854	if ((ut.release[0] == '1') ||
855	    (ut.release[0] == '2' && ut.release[1] == '.' &&
856	     ut.release[2] < '2' && ut.release[3] == '.')) {
857		param.s_rev_level = 0;
858		param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
859		param.s_feature_compat = 0;
860		param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
861	}
862#endif
863	fprintf (stderr, "mke2fs %s (%s)\n",
864		 E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
865
866	if (argc && *argv) {
867		program_name = get_progname(*argv);
868
869		/* If called as mkfs.ext3, create a journal inode */
870		if (!strcmp(program_name, "mkfs.ext3"))
871			journal_size = -1;
872	}
873
874	while ((c = getopt (argc, argv,
875		    "b:cf:g:i:jl:m:no:qr:R:s:tvI:J:ST:FL:M:N:O:V")) != EOF)
876		switch (c) {
877		case 'b':
878			blocksize = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
879			if (blocksize < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
880			    blocksize > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || *tmp) {
881				com_err(program_name, 0,
882					_("bad block size - %s"), optarg);
883				exit(1);
884			}
885			if (blocksize > 4096)
886				fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: blocksize %d not "
887						  "usable on most systems.\n"),
888					blocksize);
889			param.s_log_block_size =
890				int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
891			break;
892		case 'c':	/* Check for bad blocks */
893		case 't':	/* deprecated */
894			cflag++;
895			break;
896		case 'f':
897			size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
898			if (size < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
899			    size > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || *tmp) {
900				com_err(program_name, 0,
901					_("bad fragment size - %s"),
902					optarg);
903				exit(1);
904			}
905			param.s_log_frag_size =
906				int_log2(size >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
907			fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: fragments not supported.  "
908			       "Ignoring -f option\n"));
909			break;
910		case 'g':
911			param.s_blocks_per_group = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
912			if (*tmp) {
913				com_err(program_name, 0,
914					_("Illegal number for blocks per group"));
915				exit(1);
916			}
917			if ((param.s_blocks_per_group % 8) != 0) {
918				com_err(program_name, 0,
919				_("blocks per group must be multiple of 8"));
920				exit(1);
921			}
922			break;
923		case 'i':
924			inode_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
925			if (inode_ratio < EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
926			    inode_ratio > EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE * 1024 ||
927			    *tmp) {
928				com_err(program_name, 0,
929					_("bad inode ratio %s (min %d/max %d"),
930					optarg, EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE,
931					EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
932				exit(1);
933			}
934			break;
935		case 'J':
936			parse_journal_opts(optarg);
937			break;
938		case 'j':
939			param.s_feature_compat |=
940				EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
941			if (!journal_size)
942				journal_size = -1;
943			break;
944		case 'l':
945			bad_blocks_filename = malloc(strlen(optarg)+1);
946			if (!bad_blocks_filename) {
947				com_err(program_name, ENOMEM,
948					_("in malloc for bad_blocks_filename"));
949				exit(1);
950			}
951			strcpy(bad_blocks_filename, optarg);
952			break;
953		case 'm':
954			reserved_ratio = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
955			if (reserved_ratio > 50 || *tmp) {
956				com_err(program_name, 0,
957					_("bad reserved blocks percent - %s"),
958					optarg);
959				exit(1);
960			}
961			break;
962		case 'n':
963			noaction++;
964			break;
965		case 'o':
966			creator_os = optarg;
967			break;
968		case 'r':
969			param.s_rev_level = atoi(optarg);
970			if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
971				param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
972				param.s_feature_compat = 0;
973				param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
974			}
975			break;
976		case 's':	/* deprecated */
977			if (atoi(optarg))
978				param.s_feature_ro_compat |=
979					EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
980			else
981				param.s_feature_ro_compat &=
982					~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER;
983			break;
984#ifdef EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
985		case 'I':
986			inode_size = strtoul(optarg, &tmp, 0);
987			if (*tmp) {
988				com_err(program_name, 0,
989					_("bad inode size - %s"), optarg);
990				exit(1);
991			}
992			break;
993#endif
994		case 'N':
995			num_inodes = atoi(optarg);
996			break;
997		case 'v':
998			verbose = 1;
999			break;
1000		case 'q':
1001			quiet = 1;
1002			break;
1003		case 'F':
1004			force = 1;
1005			break;
1006		case 'L':
1007			volume_label = optarg;
1008			break;
1009		case 'M':
1010			mount_dir = optarg;
1011			break;
1012		case 'O':
1013			if (!strcmp(optarg, "none") || default_features) {
1014				param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1015				param.s_feature_incompat = 0;
1016				param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1017				default_features = 0;
1018			}
1019			if (!strcmp(optarg, "none"))
1020				break;
1021			if (e2p_edit_feature(optarg,
1022					    &param.s_feature_compat,
1023					    ok_features)) {
1024				fprintf(stderr,
1025					_("Invalid filesystem option set: %s\n"), optarg);
1026				exit(1);
1027			}
1028			break;
1029		case 'R':
1030			raid_opts = optarg;
1031			break;
1032		case 'S':
1033			super_only = 1;
1034			break;
1035		case 'T':
1036			fs_type = optarg;
1037			break;
1038		case 'V':
1039			/* Print version number and exit */
1040			fprintf(stderr, _("\tUsing %s\n"),
1041				error_message(EXT2_ET_BASE));
1042			exit(0);
1043		default:
1044			usage();
1045		}
1046	if (optind == argc)
1047		usage();
1048	device_name = argv[optind];
1049	optind++;
1050	if (optind < argc) {
1051		unsigned long tmp2  = strtoul(argv[optind++], &tmp, 0);
1052
1053		if ((*tmp) || (tmp2 > 0xfffffffful)) {
1054			com_err(program_name, 0, _("bad blocks count - %s"),
1055				argv[optind - 1]);
1056			exit(1);
1057		}
1058		param.s_blocks_count = tmp2;
1059	}
1060	if (optind < argc)
1061		usage();
1062
1063	if (raid_opts)
1064		parse_raid_opts(raid_opts);
1065
1066	/*
1067	 * If there's no blocksize specified and there is a journal
1068	 * device, use it to figure out the blocksize
1069	 */
1070	if (blocksize == 0 && journal_device) {
1071		ext2_filsys	jfs;
1072
1073		retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device,
1074				     EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1075				     0, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1076		if (retval) {
1077			com_err(program_name, retval,
1078				_("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1079				journal_device);
1080			exit(1);
1081		}
1082		blocksize = jfs->blocksize;
1083		param.s_log_block_size =
1084			int_log2(blocksize >> EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE);
1085		ext2fs_close(jfs);
1086	}
1087
1088	if (blocksize > sys_page_size) {
1089		if (!force) {
1090			com_err(program_name, 0,
1091				_("%d-byte blocks too big for system (max %d)"),
1092				blocksize, sys_page_size);
1093			proceed_question();
1094		}
1095		fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: %d-byte blocks too big for system "
1096				  "(max %d), forced to continue\n"),
1097			blocksize, sys_page_size);
1098	}
1099
1100	if (param.s_feature_incompat & EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1101		if (!fs_type)
1102			fs_type = "journal";
1103		reserved_ratio = 0;
1104		param.s_feature_incompat = EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV;
1105		param.s_feature_compat = 0;
1106		param.s_feature_ro_compat = 0;
1107 	}
1108	if (param.s_rev_level == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
1109	    (param.s_feature_compat || param.s_feature_ro_compat ||
1110	     param.s_feature_incompat))
1111		param.s_rev_level = 1;  /* Create a revision 1 filesystem */
1112
1113	if (!force)
1114		check_plausibility(device_name);
1115	check_mount(device_name, force, _("filesystem"));
1116
1117	param.s_log_frag_size = param.s_log_block_size;
1118
1119	if (noaction && param.s_blocks_count) {
1120		dev_size = param.s_blocks_count;
1121		retval = 0;
1122	} else
1123		retval = ext2fs_get_device_size(device_name,
1124						EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param),
1125						&dev_size);
1126	if (retval && (retval != EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED)) {
1127		com_err(program_name, retval,
1128			_("while trying to determine filesystem size"));
1129		exit(1);
1130	}
1131	if (!param.s_blocks_count) {
1132		if (retval == EXT2_ET_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
1133			com_err(program_name, 0,
1134				_("Couldn't determine device size; you "
1135				"must specify\nthe size of the "
1136				"filesystem\n"));
1137			exit(1);
1138		} else {
1139			if (dev_size == 0) {
1140				com_err(program_name, 0,
1141				_("Device size reported to be zero.  "
1142				  "Invalid partition specified, or\n\t"
1143				  "partition table wasn't reread "
1144				  "after running fdisk, due to\n\t"
1145				  "a modified partition being busy "
1146				  "and in use.  You may need to reboot\n\t"
1147				  "to re-read your partition table.\n"
1148				  ));
1149				exit(1);
1150			}
1151			param.s_blocks_count = dev_size;
1152		}
1153
1154	} else if (!force && (param.s_blocks_count > dev_size)) {
1155		com_err(program_name, 0,
1156			_("Filesystem larger than apparent filesystem size."));
1157		proceed_question();
1158	}
1159
1160	/*
1161	 * If the user asked for HAS_JOURNAL, then make sure a journal
1162	 * gets created.
1163	 */
1164	if ((param.s_feature_compat & EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) &&
1165	    !journal_size)
1166		journal_size = -1;
1167
1168	/* Set first meta blockgroup via an environment variable */
1169	/* (this is mostly for debugging purposes) */
1170	if ((param.s_feature_incompat & EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG) &&
1171	    ((tmp = getenv("MKE2FS_FIRST_META_BG"))))
1172		param.s_first_meta_bg = atoi(tmp);
1173
1174	set_fs_defaults(fs_type, &param, blocksize, &inode_ratio);
1175
1176	if (param.s_blocks_per_group) {
1177		if (param.s_blocks_per_group < 256 ||
1178		    param.s_blocks_per_group > 8 * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param)) {
1179			com_err(program_name, 0,
1180				_("blocks per group count out of range"));
1181			exit(1);
1182		}
1183	}
1184
1185	if (inode_size) {
1186		if (inode_size < EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE ||
1187		    inode_size > EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param) ||
1188		    inode_size & (inode_size - 1)) {
1189			com_err(program_name, 0,
1190				_("bad inode size %d (min %d/max %d)"),
1191				inode_size, EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE,
1192				EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param));
1193			exit(1);
1194		}
1195		if (inode_size != EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE)
1196			fprintf(stderr, _("Warning: %d-byte inodes not usable "
1197				"on most systems\n"),
1198				inode_size);
1199		param.s_inode_size = inode_size;
1200	}
1201
1202	/*
1203	 * Calculate number of inodes based on the inode ratio
1204	 */
1205	param.s_inodes_count = num_inodes ? num_inodes :
1206		((__u64) param.s_blocks_count * EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(&param))
1207			/ inode_ratio;
1208
1209	/*
1210	 * Calculate number of blocks to reserve
1211	 */
1212	param.s_r_blocks_count = (param.s_blocks_count * reserved_ratio) / 100;
1213
1214}
1215
1216int main (int argc, char *argv[])
1217{
1218	errcode_t	retval = 0;
1219	ext2_filsys	fs;
1220	badblocks_list	bb_list = 0;
1221	int		journal_blocks;
1222	int		i, val;
1223
1224#ifdef ENABLE_NLS
1225	setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
1226	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1227	bindtextdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
1228	textdomain(NLS_CAT_NAME);
1229#endif
1230	PRS(argc, argv);
1231
1232	/*
1233	 * Initialize the superblock....
1234	 */
1235	retval = ext2fs_initialize(device_name, 0, &param,
1236				   unix_io_manager, &fs);
1237	if (retval) {
1238		com_err(device_name, retval, _("while setting up superblock"));
1239		exit(1);
1240	}
1241
1242	/*
1243	 * Wipe out the old on-disk superblock
1244	 */
1245	if (!noaction)
1246		zap_sector(fs, 2, 6);
1247
1248	/*
1249	 * Generate a UUID for it...
1250	 */
1251	uuid_generate(fs->super->s_uuid);
1252
1253	/*
1254	 * Initialize the directory index variables
1255	 */
1256	fs->super->s_def_hash_version = EXT2_HASH_TEA;
1257	uuid_generate((unsigned char *) fs->super->s_hash_seed);
1258
1259	/*
1260	 * Add "jitter" to the superblock's check interval so that we
1261	 * don't check all the filesystems at the same time.  We use a
1262	 * kludgy hack of using the UUID to derive a random jitter value.
1263	 */
1264	for (i = 0, val = 0 ; i < sizeof(fs->super->s_uuid); i++)
1265		val += fs->super->s_uuid[i];
1266	fs->super->s_max_mnt_count += val % EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT;
1267
1268	/*
1269	 * Override the creator OS, if applicable
1270	 */
1271	if (creator_os && !set_os(fs->super, creator_os)) {
1272		com_err (program_name, 0, _("unknown os - %s"), creator_os);
1273		exit(1);
1274	}
1275
1276	/*
1277	 * For the Hurd, we will turn off filetype since it doesn't
1278	 * support it.
1279	 */
1280	if (fs->super->s_creator_os == EXT2_OS_HURD)
1281		fs->super->s_feature_incompat &=
1282			~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE;
1283
1284	/*
1285	 * Set the volume label...
1286	 */
1287	if (volume_label) {
1288		memset(fs->super->s_volume_name, 0,
1289		       sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1290		strncpy(fs->super->s_volume_name, volume_label,
1291			sizeof(fs->super->s_volume_name));
1292	}
1293
1294	/*
1295	 * Set the last mount directory
1296	 */
1297	if (mount_dir) {
1298		memset(fs->super->s_last_mounted, 0,
1299		       sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1300		strncpy(fs->super->s_last_mounted, mount_dir,
1301			sizeof(fs->super->s_last_mounted));
1302	}
1303
1304	if (!quiet || noaction)
1305		show_stats(fs);
1306
1307	if (noaction)
1308		exit(0);
1309
1310	if (fs->super->s_feature_incompat &
1311	    EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV) {
1312		create_journal_dev(fs);
1313		exit(ext2fs_close(fs) ? 1 : 0);
1314	}
1315
1316	if (bad_blocks_filename)
1317		read_bb_file(fs, &bb_list, bad_blocks_filename);
1318	if (cflag)
1319		test_disk(fs, &bb_list);
1320
1321	handle_bad_blocks(fs, bb_list);
1322	fs->stride = fs_stride;
1323	retval = ext2fs_allocate_tables(fs);
1324	if (retval) {
1325		com_err(program_name, retval,
1326			_("while trying to allocate filesystem tables"));
1327		exit(1);
1328	}
1329	if (super_only) {
1330		fs->super->s_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
1331		fs->flags &= ~(EXT2_FLAG_IB_DIRTY|EXT2_FLAG_BB_DIRTY);
1332	} else {
1333		/* rsv must be a power of two (64kB is MD RAID sb alignment) */
1334		int rsv = 65536 / fs->blocksize;
1335		unsigned long blocks = fs->super->s_blocks_count;
1336		unsigned long start;
1337		blk_t ret_blk;
1338
1339#ifdef ZAP_BOOTBLOCK
1340		zap_sector(fs, 0, 2);
1341#endif
1342
1343		/*
1344		 * Wipe out any old MD RAID (or other) metadata at the end
1345		 * of the device.  This will also verify that the device is
1346		 * as large as we think.  Be careful with very small devices.
1347		 */
1348		start = (blocks & ~(rsv - 1));
1349		if (start > rsv)
1350			start -= rsv;
1351		if (start > 0)
1352			retval = zero_blocks(fs, start, blocks - start,
1353					     NULL, &ret_blk, NULL);
1354
1355		if (retval) {
1356			com_err(program_name, retval,
1357				_("while zeroing block %u at end of filesystem"),
1358				ret_blk);
1359		}
1360		write_inode_tables(fs);
1361		create_root_dir(fs);
1362		create_lost_and_found(fs);
1363		reserve_inodes(fs);
1364		create_bad_block_inode(fs, bb_list);
1365	}
1366
1367	if (journal_device) {
1368		ext2_filsys	jfs;
1369
1370		if (!force)
1371			check_plausibility(journal_device);
1372		check_mount(journal_device, force, _("journal"));
1373
1374		retval = ext2fs_open(journal_device, EXT2_FLAG_RW|
1375				     EXT2_FLAG_JOURNAL_DEV_OK, 0,
1376				     fs->blocksize, unix_io_manager, &jfs);
1377		if (retval) {
1378			com_err(program_name, retval,
1379				_("while trying to open journal device %s\n"),
1380				journal_device);
1381			exit(1);
1382		}
1383		if (!quiet) {
1384			printf(_("Adding journal to device %s: "),
1385			       journal_device);
1386			fflush(stdout);
1387		}
1388		retval = ext2fs_add_journal_device(fs, jfs);
1389		if(retval) {
1390			com_err (program_name, retval,
1391				 _("\n\twhile trying to add journal to device %s"),
1392				 journal_device);
1393			exit(1);
1394		}
1395		if (!quiet)
1396			printf(_("done\n"));
1397		ext2fs_close(jfs);
1398		free(journal_device);
1399	} else if (journal_size) {
1400		journal_blocks = figure_journal_size(journal_size, fs);
1401
1402		if (!journal_blocks) {
1403			fs->super->s_feature_compat &=
1404				~EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL;
1405			goto no_journal;
1406		}
1407		if (!quiet) {
1408			printf(_("Creating journal (%d blocks): "),
1409			       journal_blocks);
1410			fflush(stdout);
1411		}
1412		retval = ext2fs_add_journal_inode(fs, journal_blocks,
1413						  journal_flags);
1414		if (retval) {
1415			com_err (program_name, retval,
1416				 _("\n\twhile trying to create journal"));
1417			exit(1);
1418		}
1419		if (!quiet)
1420			printf(_("done\n"));
1421	}
1422no_journal:
1423
1424	if (!quiet)
1425		printf(_("Writing superblocks and "
1426		       "filesystem accounting information: "));
1427	retval = ext2fs_flush(fs);
1428	if (retval) {
1429		fprintf(stderr,
1430			_("\nWarning, had trouble writing out superblocks."));
1431	}
1432	if (!quiet) {
1433		printf(_("done\n\n"));
1434		print_check_message(fs);
1435	}
1436	val = ext2fs_close(fs);
1437	return (retval || val) ? 1 : 0;
1438}
1439