15821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#ifndef _UAPI_LINUX_VIRTIO_RING_H
25821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define _UAPI_LINUX_VIRTIO_RING_H
35821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* An interface for efficient virtio implementation, currently for use by KVM
45821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * and lguest, but hopefully others soon.  Do NOT change this since it will
55821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * break existing servers and clients.
65821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
75821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * This header is BSD licensed so anyone can use the definitions to implement
85821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * compatible drivers/servers.
95821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
105821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
115821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
125821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * are met:
132a99a7e74a7f215066514fe81d2bfa6639d9edddTorne (Richard Coles) * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
142a99a7e74a7f215066514fe81d2bfa6639d9edddTorne (Richard Coles) *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
155821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
165821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
175821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles) * 3. Neither the name of IBM nor the names of its contributors
192a99a7e74a7f215066514fe81d2bfa6639d9edddTorne (Richard Coles) *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
201320f92c476a1ad9d19dba2a48c72b75566198e9Primiano Tucci *    without specific prior written permission.
215821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
225821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
235d1f7b1de12d16ceb2c938c56701a3e8bfa558f7Torne (Richard Coles) * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24a3f7b4e666c476898878fa745f637129375cd889Ben Murdoch * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL IBM OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
255e3f23d412006dc4db4e659864679f29341e113fTorne (Richard Coles) * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26868fa2fe829687343ffae624259930155e16dbd8Torne (Richard Coles) * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
272385ea399aae016c0806a4f9ef3c9cfe3d2a39dfBen Murdoch * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
285821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
295821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
305821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
315821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * SUCH DAMAGE.
325821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
335821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * Copyright Rusty Russell IBM Corporation 2007. */
345821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#include <linux/types.h>
355821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
36f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles)/* This marks a buffer as continuing via the next field. */
37f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles)#define VRING_DESC_F_NEXT	1
38f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles)/* This marks a buffer as write-only (otherwise read-only). */
39f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles)#define VRING_DESC_F_WRITE	2
405821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* This means the buffer contains a list of buffer descriptors. */
415821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT	4
425821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
435821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* The Host uses this in used->flags to advise the Guest: don't kick me when
445821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * you add a buffer.  It's unreliable, so it's simply an optimization.  Guest
455821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * will still kick if it's out of buffers. */
465821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY	1
475821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* The Guest uses this in avail->flags to advise the Host: don't interrupt me
485821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * when you consume a buffer.  It's unreliable, so it's simply an
495821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * optimization.  */
505821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT	1
515821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
525821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* We support indirect buffer descriptors */
535821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC	28
545821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
555821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* The Guest publishes the used index for which it expects an interrupt
565821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * at the end of the avail ring. Host should ignore the avail->flags field. */
575821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* The Host publishes the avail index for which it expects a kick
585821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * at the end of the used ring. Guest should ignore the used->flags field. */
595821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX		29
605821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
615821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* Virtio ring descriptors: 16 bytes.  These can chain together via "next". */
625821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)struct vring_desc {
635821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* Address (guest-physical). */
645821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u64 addr;
655821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* Length. */
665821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u32 len;
675821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* The flags as indicated above. */
685821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u16 flags;
695821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* We chain unused descriptors via this, too */
705821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u16 next;
715821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)};
725821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
735821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)struct vring_avail {
745821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u16 flags;
755821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u16 idx;
765821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u16 ring[];
775821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)};
785821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
795821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* u32 is used here for ids for padding reasons. */
805821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)struct vring_used_elem {
815821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* Index of start of used descriptor chain. */
825821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	__u32 id;
835821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* Total length of the descriptor chain which was used (written to) */
84c2e0dbddbe15c98d52c4786dac06cb8952a8ae6dTorne (Richard Coles)	__u32 len;
855821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)};
865821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
875821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)struct vring_used {
882385ea399aae016c0806a4f9ef3c9cfe3d2a39dfBen Murdoch	__u16 flags;
8958e6fbe4ee35d65e14b626c557d37565bf8ad179Ben Murdoch	__u16 idx;
905821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	struct vring_used_elem ring[];
915821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)};
925821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
935821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)struct vring {
945821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	unsigned int num;
955821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
965821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	struct vring_desc *desc;
975821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
982a99a7e74a7f215066514fe81d2bfa6639d9edddTorne (Richard Coles)	struct vring_avail *avail;
99a3f6a49ab37290eeeb8db0f41ec0f1cb74a68be7Torne (Richard Coles)
1005821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	struct vring_used *used;
1015821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)};
1025821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
1035821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* The standard layout for the ring is a continuous chunk of memory which looks
1045821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * like this.  We assume num is a power of 2.
1055821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
1065821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * struct vring
1075821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * {
1085821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	// The actual descriptors (16 bytes each)
1095821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	struct vring_desc desc[num];
1105821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
111a3f6a49ab37290eeeb8db0f41ec0f1cb74a68be7Torne (Richard Coles) *	// A ring of available descriptor heads with free-running index.
1125821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	__u16 avail_flags;
1132385ea399aae016c0806a4f9ef3c9cfe3d2a39dfBen Murdoch *	__u16 avail_idx;
11458e6fbe4ee35d65e14b626c557d37565bf8ad179Ben Murdoch *	__u16 available[num];
1155821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	__u16 used_event_idx;
1165821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
1175821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	// Padding to the next align boundary.
1185821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	char pad[];
1195821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *
1205821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	// A ring of used descriptor heads with free-running index.
1215821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	__u16 used_flags;
1225821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	__u16 used_idx;
1235821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	struct vring_used_elem used[num];
1245821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) *	__u16 avail_event_idx;
1255821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * };
1265821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) */
1275821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* We publish the used event index at the end of the available ring, and vice
1285821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * versa. They are at the end for backwards compatibility. */
1295821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define vring_used_event(vr) ((vr)->avail->ring[(vr)->num])
1305821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)#define vring_avail_event(vr) (*(__u16 *)&(vr)->used->ring[(vr)->num])
1315821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
1325821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)static inline void vring_init(struct vring *vr, unsigned int num, void *p,
1335821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)			      unsigned long align)
1345821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles){
1355821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	vr->num = num;
1365821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	vr->desc = p;
1375821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	vr->avail = p + num*sizeof(struct vring_desc);
1385821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	vr->used = (void *)(((unsigned long)&vr->avail->ring[num] + sizeof(__u16)
1395821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)		+ align-1) & ~(align - 1));
1405821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)}
1415821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
1425821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)static inline unsigned vring_size(unsigned int num, unsigned long align)
1435821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles){
1445821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	return ((sizeof(struct vring_desc) * num + sizeof(__u16) * (3 + num)
1455821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)		 + align - 1) & ~(align - 1))
1465821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)		+ sizeof(__u16) * 3 + sizeof(struct vring_used_elem) * num;
1475821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)}
1485821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
1495821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* The following is used with USED_EVENT_IDX and AVAIL_EVENT_IDX */
1505821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)/* Assuming a given event_idx value from the other size, if
151f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles) * we have just incremented index from old to new_idx,
1525821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles) * should we trigger an event? */
1535821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)static inline int vring_need_event(__u16 event_idx, __u16 new_idx, __u16 old)
1545821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles){
1555821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	/* Note: Xen has similar logic for notification hold-off
1565821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	 * in include/xen/interface/io/ring.h with req_event and req_prod
1575821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	 * corresponding to event_idx + 1 and new_idx respectively.
1585821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	 * Note also that req_event and req_prod in Xen start at 1,
1595821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)	 * event indexes in virtio start at 0. */
160f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles)	return (__u16)(new_idx - event_idx - 1) < (__u16)(new_idx - old);
1615821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)}
1625821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)
163f2477e01787aa58f445919b809d89e252beef54fTorne (Richard Coles)#endif /* _UAPI_LINUX_VIRTIO_RING_H */
1645821806d5e7f356e8fa4b058a389a808ea183019Torne (Richard Coles)