166e7cd0eea6f116f3ed79acb8948c6d8db50833cReid Spencer//===--- examples/Fibonacci/fibonacci.cpp - An example use of the JIT -----===//
2237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman//
3e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//
5fc001bbfc360ab828e5a4b0cbe4bb7db87361b85Chris Lattner// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6fc001bbfc360ab828e5a4b0cbe4bb7db87361b85Chris Lattner// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman//
8e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//
1038f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner// This small program provides an example of how to build quickly a small module
1138f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner// with function Fibonacci and execute it with the JIT.
12e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//
1338f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner// The goal of this snippet is to create in the memory the LLVM module
1438f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner// consisting of one function as follow:
15e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//
1638f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner//   int fib(int x) {
1738f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner//     if(x<=2) return 1;
1838f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner//     return fib(x-1)+fib(x-2);
1938f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner//   }
20237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman//
2138f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner// Once we have this, we compile the module via JIT, then execute the `fib'
22e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer// function and return result to a driver, i.e. to a "host program".
23e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer//
2438f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
25e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
2636b56886974eae4f9c5ebc96befd3e7bfe5de338Stephen Hines#include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
27e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/GenericValue.h"
284ca7e09b7c1e41535f2a1bd86915375d023daf27Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Interpreter.h"
294ca7e09b7c1e41535f2a1bd86915375d023daf27Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/JIT.h"
300a08460599eed603e469e3e16d0cf6aa33b8ba93Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
310a08460599eed603e469e3e16d0cf6aa33b8ba93Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
320a08460599eed603e469e3e16d0cf6aa33b8ba93Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
330a08460599eed603e469e3e16d0cf6aa33b8ba93Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
340a08460599eed603e469e3e16d0cf6aa33b8ba93Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
353e74d6fdd248e20a280f1dff3da9a6c689c2c4c3Evan Cheng#include "llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h"
364ca7e09b7c1e41535f2a1bd86915375d023daf27Chandler Carruth#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
37e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencerusing namespace llvm;
38e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
399adc0abad3c3ed40a268ccbcee0c74cb9e1359feOwen Andersonstatic Function *CreateFibFunction(Module *M, LLVMContext &Context) {
4092b0d8cf2c51debc7f4fb30a417ae839077a8ed0Quentin Colombet  // Create the fib function and insert it into module M. This function is said
4138f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // to return an int and take an int parameter.
426a98754ebbc211958297b0d20a77e8c3261c3708Chris Lattner  Function *FibF =
435791df830dd8bc91f44aff98446d5f74a96ae185Arnaud A. de Grandmaison    cast<Function>(M->getOrInsertFunction("fib", Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
441d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson                                          Type::getInt32Ty(Context),
456a98754ebbc211958297b0d20a77e8c3261c3708Chris Lattner                                          (Type *)0));
46237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman
4738f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Add a basic block to the function.
481d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  BasicBlock *BB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "EntryBlock", FibF);
49237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman
5038f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Get pointers to the constants.
511d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  Value *One = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(Context), 1);
521d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  Value *Two = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(Context), 2);
53e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
5438f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Get pointer to the integer argument of the add1 function...
55dadf88123f7abce7afe0db12beccc24c87e004a5Alkis Evlogimenos  Argument *ArgX = FibF->arg_begin();   // Get the arg.
5638f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  ArgX->setName("AnArg");            // Give it a nice symbolic name for fun.
57e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
5838f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Create the true_block.
591d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  BasicBlock *RetBB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "return", FibF);
6038f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Create an exit block.
611d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  BasicBlock* RecurseBB = BasicBlock::Create(Context, "recurse", FibF);
62e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
637520fcd7a5e4c17011588aab105dea9afa2ba3ecChris Lattner  // Create the "if (arg <= 2) goto exitbb"
64333c40096561218bc3597cf153c0a3895274414cOwen Anderson  Value *CondInst = new ICmpInst(*BB, ICmpInst::ICMP_SLE, ArgX, Two, "cond");
65051a950000e21935165db56695e35bade668193bGabor Greif  BranchInst::Create(RetBB, RecurseBB, CondInst, BB);
66e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
6738f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Create: ret int 1
681d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  ReturnInst::Create(Context, One, RetBB);
69237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman
7038f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // create fib(x-1)
717cbd8a3e92221437048b484d5ef9c0a22d0f8c58Gabor Greif  Value *Sub = BinaryOperator::CreateSub(ArgX, One, "arg", RecurseBB);
72051a950000e21935165db56695e35bade668193bGabor Greif  CallInst *CallFibX1 = CallInst::Create(FibF, Sub, "fibx1", RecurseBB);
73f6b5c1abce89dbd7e8e12407aa8e4a04f805fdf2Chris Lattner  CallFibX1->setTailCall();
74237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman
7538f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // create fib(x-2)
767cbd8a3e92221437048b484d5ef9c0a22d0f8c58Gabor Greif  Sub = BinaryOperator::CreateSub(ArgX, Two, "arg", RecurseBB);
77051a950000e21935165db56695e35bade668193bGabor Greif  CallInst *CallFibX2 = CallInst::Create(FibF, Sub, "fibx2", RecurseBB);
78f6b5c1abce89dbd7e8e12407aa8e4a04f805fdf2Chris Lattner  CallFibX2->setTailCall();
7947968e4dfd849b83a7eb958611c994e6b500998cChris Lattner
8038f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner
8138f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // fib(x-1)+fib(x-2)
827cbd8a3e92221437048b484d5ef9c0a22d0f8c58Gabor Greif  Value *Sum = BinaryOperator::CreateAdd(CallFibX1, CallFibX2,
8338f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner                                         "addresult", RecurseBB);
84237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman
8538f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Create the return instruction and add it to the basic block
861d0be15f89cb5056e20e2d24faa8d6afb1573bcaOwen Anderson  ReturnInst::Create(Context, Sum, RecurseBB);
87e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
8838f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  return FibF;
8938f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner}
90e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
91e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
9238f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattnerint main(int argc, char **argv) {
9338f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  int n = argc > 1 ? atol(argv[1]) : 24;
94e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
9518f0c677faaca54974333f2e7e353e94280628abChris Lattner  InitializeNativeTarget();
968b477ed579794ba6d76915d56b3f448a7dd20120Owen Anderson  LLVMContext Context;
975791df830dd8bc91f44aff98446d5f74a96ae185Arnaud A. de Grandmaison
9838f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // Create some module to put our function into it.
9936b56886974eae4f9c5ebc96befd3e7bfe5de338Stephen Hines  std::unique_ptr<Module> M(new Module("test", Context));
10038f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner
10138f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // We are about to create the "fib" function:
10203d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner  Function *FibF = CreateFibFunction(M.get(), Context);
103e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
104237cef4b0b94b17ca065efad484f386f42579b61Misha Brukman  // Now we going to create JIT
10518f0c677faaca54974333f2e7e353e94280628abChris Lattner  std::string errStr;
10603d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner  ExecutionEngine *EE =
10703d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner    EngineBuilder(M.get())
10803d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner    .setErrorStr(&errStr)
10903d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner    .setEngineKind(EngineKind::JIT)
11003d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner    .create();
11118f0c677faaca54974333f2e7e353e94280628abChris Lattner
11218f0c677faaca54974333f2e7e353e94280628abChris Lattner  if (!EE) {
11303d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner    errs() << argv[0] << ": Failed to construct ExecutionEngine: " << errStr
11403d1063d3208378b2bf7c15f0ea0e90ff4defa87Chris Lattner           << "\n";
11518f0c677faaca54974333f2e7e353e94280628abChris Lattner    return 1;
11618f0c677faaca54974333f2e7e353e94280628abChris Lattner  }
117e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
118944fac71e082cc2664cc71b4d3f6c72bab7143fbChris Lattner  errs() << "verifying... ";
119e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer  if (verifyModule(*M)) {
120944fac71e082cc2664cc71b4d3f6c72bab7143fbChris Lattner    errs() << argv[0] << ": Error constructing function!\n";
121e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer    return 1;
122e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer  }
123e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
124944fac71e082cc2664cc71b4d3f6c72bab7143fbChris Lattner  errs() << "OK\n";
125944fac71e082cc2664cc71b4d3f6c72bab7143fbChris Lattner  errs() << "We just constructed this LLVM module:\n\n---------\n" << *M;
126944fac71e082cc2664cc71b4d3f6c72bab7143fbChris Lattner  errs() << "---------\nstarting fibonacci(" << n << ") with JIT...\n";
127e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
1287cf540bba0b262681a14058d01ad41a87ac870dfMisha Brukman  // Call the Fibonacci function with argument n:
12938f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  std::vector<GenericValue> Args(1);
13034bd70de3c344034b82dc9a964a6b6893efa3e82Reid Spencer  Args[0].IntVal = APInt(32, n);
13138f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  GenericValue GV = EE->runFunction(FibF, Args);
132e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer
13338f024daea1f27b6a8b610e3f8d21596f3e928d8Chris Lattner  // import result of execution
134944fac71e082cc2664cc71b4d3f6c72bab7143fbChris Lattner  outs() << "Result: " << GV.IntVal << "\n";
1355791df830dd8bc91f44aff98446d5f74a96ae185Arnaud A. de Grandmaison
136e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer  return 0;
137e784fa40c5808bfb88480f0ab3746ed378a939dfReid Spencer}
138