mesa/math/m_eval.c

/* $Id: m_eval.c,v 1.3 2001/03/08 17:15:01 brianp Exp $ */

/*
 * Mesa 3-D graphics library
 * Version:  3.5
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999-2000  Brian Paul   All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * BRIAN PAUL BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
 * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */


/*
 * eval.c was written by
 * Bernd Barsuhn (bdbarsuh@cip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de) and
 * Volker Weiss (vrweiss@cip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de).
 *
 * My original implementation of evaluators was simplistic and didn't
 * compute surface normal vectors properly.  Bernd and Volker applied
 * used more sophisticated methods to get better results.
 *
 * Thanks guys!
 */


#include "glheader.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "m_eval.h"

static GLfloat inv_tab[MAX_EVAL_ORDER];


/*
 * Horner scheme for Bezier curves
 *
 * Bezier curves can be computed via a Horner scheme.
 * Horner is numerically less stable than the de Casteljau
 * algorithm, but it is faster. For curves of degree n
 * the complexity of Horner is O(n) and de Casteljau is O(n^2).
 * Since stability is not important for displaying curve
 * points I decided to use the Horner scheme.
 *
 * A cubic Bezier curve with control points b0, b1, b2, b3 can be
 * written as
 *
 *        (([3]        [3]     )     [3]       )     [3]
 * c(t) = (([0]*s*b0 + [1]*t*b1)*s + [2]*t^2*b2)*s + [3]*t^2*b3
 *
 *                                           [n]
 * where s=1-t and the binomial coefficients [i]. These can
 * be computed iteratively using the identity:
 *
 * [n]               [n  ]             [n]
 * [i] = (n-i+1)/i * [i-1]     and     [0] = 1
 */


void
_math_horner_bezier_curve(const GLfloat *cp, GLfloat *out, GLfloat t,
			  GLuint dim, GLuint order)
{
   GLfloat s, powert, bincoeff;
   GLuint i, k;

   if(order >= 2)
   {
      bincoeff = (GLfloat) (order - 1);
      s = 1.0-t;

      for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	 out[k] = s*cp[k] + bincoeff*t*cp[dim+k];

      for(i=2, cp+=2*dim, powert=t*t; i<order; i++, powert*=t, cp +=dim)
      {
	 bincoeff *= (GLfloat) (order - i);
	 bincoeff *= inv_tab[i];

	 for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	    out[k] = s*out[k] + bincoeff*powert*cp[k];
      }
   }
   else /* order=1 -> constant curve */
   {
      for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	 out[k] = cp[k];
   }
}

/*
 * Tensor product Bezier surfaces
 *
 * Again the Horner scheme is used to compute a point on a
 * TP Bezier surface. First a control polygon for a curve
 * on the surface in one parameter direction is computed,
 * then the point on the curve for the other parameter
 * direction is evaluated.
 *
 * To store the curve control polygon additional storage
 * for max(uorder,vorder) points is needed in the
 * control net cn.
 */

void
_math_horner_bezier_surf(GLfloat *cn, GLfloat *out, GLfloat u, GLfloat v,
			 GLuint dim, GLuint uorder, GLuint vorder)
{
   GLfloat *cp = cn + uorder*vorder*dim;
   GLuint i, uinc = vorder*dim;

   if(vorder > uorder)
   {
      if(uorder >= 2)
      {
	 GLfloat s, poweru, bincoeff;
	 GLuint j, k;

	 /* Compute the control polygon for the surface-curve in u-direction */
	 for(j=0; j<vorder; j++)
	 {
	    GLfloat *ucp = &cn[j*dim];

	    /* Each control point is the point for parameter u on a */
	    /* curve defined by the control polygons in u-direction */
	    bincoeff = (GLfloat) (uorder - 1);
	    s = 1.0-u;

	    for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	       cp[j*dim+k] = s*ucp[k] + bincoeff*u*ucp[uinc+k];

	    for(i=2, ucp+=2*uinc, poweru=u*u; i<uorder;
		i++, poweru*=u, ucp +=uinc)
	    {
	       bincoeff *= (GLfloat) (uorder - i);
	       bincoeff *= inv_tab[i];

	       for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
		  cp[j*dim+k] = s*cp[j*dim+k] + bincoeff*poweru*ucp[k];
	    }
	 }

	 /* Evaluate curve point in v */
	 _math_horner_bezier_curve(cp, out, v, dim, vorder);
      }
      else /* uorder=1 -> cn defines a curve in v */
	 _math_horner_bezier_curve(cn, out, v, dim, vorder);
   }
   else /* vorder <= uorder */
   {
      if(vorder > 1)
      {
	 GLuint i;

	 /* Compute the control polygon for the surface-curve in u-direction */
	 for(i=0; i<uorder; i++, cn += uinc)
	 {
	    /* For constant i all cn[i][j] (j=0..vorder) are located */
	    /* on consecutive memory locations, so we can use        */
	    /* horner_bezier_curve to compute the control points     */

	    _math_horner_bezier_curve(cn, &cp[i*dim], v, dim, vorder);
	 }

	 /* Evaluate curve point in u */
	 _math_horner_bezier_curve(cp, out, u, dim, uorder);
      }
      else  /* vorder=1 -> cn defines a curve in u */
	 _math_horner_bezier_curve(cn, out, u, dim, uorder);
   }
}

/*
 * The direct de Casteljau algorithm is used when a point on the
 * surface and the tangent directions spanning the tangent plane
 * should be computed (this is needed to compute normals to the
 * surface). In this case the de Casteljau algorithm approach is
 * nicer because a point and the partial derivatives can be computed
 * at the same time. To get the correct tangent length du and dv
 * must be multiplied with the (u2-u1)/uorder-1 and (v2-v1)/vorder-1.
 * Since only the directions are needed, this scaling step is omitted.
 *
 * De Casteljau needs additional storage for uorder*vorder
 * values in the control net cn.
 */

void
_math_de_casteljau_surf(GLfloat *cn, GLfloat *out, GLfloat *du, GLfloat *dv,
			GLfloat u, GLfloat v, GLuint dim,
			GLuint uorder, GLuint vorder)
{
   GLfloat *dcn = cn + uorder*vorder*dim;
   GLfloat us = 1.0-u, vs = 1.0-v;
   GLuint h, i, j, k;
   GLuint minorder = uorder < vorder ? uorder : vorder;
   GLuint uinc = vorder*dim;
   GLuint dcuinc = vorder;

   /* Each component is evaluated separately to save buffer space  */
   /* This does not drasticaly decrease the performance of the     */
   /* algorithm. If additional storage for (uorder-1)*(vorder-1)   */
   /* points would be available, the components could be accessed  */
   /* in the innermost loop which could lead to less cache misses. */

#define CN(I,J,K) cn[(I)*uinc+(J)*dim+(K)]
#define DCN(I, J) dcn[(I)*dcuinc+(J)]
   if(minorder < 3)
   {
      if(uorder==vorder)
      {
	 for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	 {
	    /* Derivative direction in u */
	    du[k] = vs*(CN(1,0,k) - CN(0,0,k)) +
	       v*(CN(1,1,k) - CN(0,1,k));

	    /* Derivative direction in v */
	    dv[k] = us*(CN(0,1,k) - CN(0,0,k)) +
	       u*(CN(1,1,k) - CN(1,0,k));

	    /* bilinear de Casteljau step */
	    out[k] =  us*(vs*CN(0,0,k) + v*CN(0,1,k)) +
	       u*(vs*CN(1,0,k) + v*CN(1,1,k));
	 }
      }
      else if(minorder == uorder)
      {
	 for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	 {
	    /* bilinear de Casteljau step */
	    DCN(1,0) =    CN(1,0,k) -   CN(0,0,k);
	    DCN(0,0) = us*CN(0,0,k) + u*CN(1,0,k);

	    for(j=0; j<vorder-1; j++)
	    {
	       /* for the derivative in u */
	       DCN(1,j+1) =    CN(1,j+1,k) -   CN(0,j+1,k);
	       DCN(1,j)   = vs*DCN(1,j)    + v*DCN(1,j+1);

	       /* for the `point' */
	       DCN(0,j+1) = us*CN(0,j+1,k) + u*CN(1,j+1,k);
	       DCN(0,j)   = vs*DCN(0,j)    + v*DCN(0,j+1);
	    }

	    /* remaining linear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	    for(h=minorder; h<vorder-1; h++)
	       for(j=0; j<vorder-h; j++)
	       {
		  /* for the derivative in u */
		  DCN(1,j) = vs*DCN(1,j) + v*DCN(1,j+1);

		  /* for the `point' */
		  DCN(0,j) = vs*DCN(0,j) + v*DCN(0,j+1);
	       }

	    /* derivative direction in v */
	    dv[k] = DCN(0,1) - DCN(0,0);

	    /* derivative direction in u */
	    du[k] =   vs*DCN(1,0) + v*DCN(1,1);

	    /* last linear de Casteljau step */
	    out[k] =  vs*DCN(0,0) + v*DCN(0,1);
	 }
      }
      else /* minorder == vorder */
      {
	 for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
	 {
	    /* bilinear de Casteljau step */
	    DCN(0,1) =    CN(0,1,k) -   CN(0,0,k);
	    DCN(0,0) = vs*CN(0,0,k) + v*CN(0,1,k);
	    for(i=0; i<uorder-1; i++)
	    {
	       /* for the derivative in v */
	       DCN(i+1,1) =    CN(i+1,1,k) -   CN(i+1,0,k);
	       DCN(i,1)   = us*DCN(i,1)    + u*DCN(i+1,1);

	       /* for the `point' */
	       DCN(i+1,0) = vs*CN(i+1,0,k) + v*CN(i+1,1,k);
	       DCN(i,0)   = us*DCN(i,0)    + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	    }

	    /* remaining linear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	    for(h=minorder; h<uorder-1; h++)
	       for(i=0; i<uorder-h; i++)
	       {
		  /* for the derivative in v */
		  DCN(i,1) = us*DCN(i,1) + u*DCN(i+1,1);

		  /* for the `point' */
		  DCN(i,0) = us*DCN(i,0) + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	       }

	    /* derivative direction in u */
	    du[k] = DCN(1,0) - DCN(0,0);

	    /* derivative direction in v */
	    dv[k] =   us*DCN(0,1) + u*DCN(1,1);

	    /* last linear de Casteljau step */
	    out[k] =  us*DCN(0,0) + u*DCN(1,0);
	 }
      }
   }
   else if(uorder == vorder)
   {
      for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
      {
	 /* first bilinear de Casteljau step */
	 for(i=0; i<uorder-1; i++)
	 {
	    DCN(i,0) = us*CN(i,0,k) + u*CN(i+1,0,k);
	    for(j=0; j<vorder-1; j++)
	    {
	       DCN(i,j+1) = us*CN(i,j+1,k) + u*CN(i+1,j+1,k);
	       DCN(i,j)   = vs*DCN(i,j)    + v*DCN(i,j+1);
	    }
	 }

	 /* remaining bilinear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	 for(h=2; h<minorder-1; h++)
	    for(i=0; i<uorder-h; i++)
	    {
	       DCN(i,0) = us*DCN(i,0) + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	       for(j=0; j<vorder-h; j++)
	       {
		  DCN(i,j+1) = us*DCN(i,j+1) + u*DCN(i+1,j+1);
		  DCN(i,j)   = vs*DCN(i,j)   + v*DCN(i,j+1);
	       }
	    }

	 /* derivative direction in u */
	 du[k] = vs*(DCN(1,0) - DCN(0,0)) +
	    v*(DCN(1,1) - DCN(0,1));

	 /* derivative direction in v */
	 dv[k] = us*(DCN(0,1) - DCN(0,0)) +
	    u*(DCN(1,1) - DCN(1,0));

	 /* last bilinear de Casteljau step */
	 out[k] =  us*(vs*DCN(0,0) + v*DCN(0,1)) +
	    u*(vs*DCN(1,0) + v*DCN(1,1));
      }
   }
   else if(minorder == uorder)
   {
      for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
      {
	 /* first bilinear de Casteljau step */
	 for(i=0; i<uorder-1; i++)
	 {
	    DCN(i,0) = us*CN(i,0,k) + u*CN(i+1,0,k);
	    for(j=0; j<vorder-1; j++)
	    {
	       DCN(i,j+1) = us*CN(i,j+1,k) + u*CN(i+1,j+1,k);
	       DCN(i,j)   = vs*DCN(i,j)    + v*DCN(i,j+1);
	    }
	 }

	 /* remaining bilinear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	 for(h=2; h<minorder-1; h++)
	    for(i=0; i<uorder-h; i++)
	    {
	       DCN(i,0) = us*DCN(i,0) + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	       for(j=0; j<vorder-h; j++)
	       {
		  DCN(i,j+1) = us*DCN(i,j+1) + u*DCN(i+1,j+1);
		  DCN(i,j)   = vs*DCN(i,j)   + v*DCN(i,j+1);
	       }
	    }

	 /* last bilinear de Casteljau step */
	 DCN(2,0) =    DCN(1,0) -   DCN(0,0);
	 DCN(0,0) = us*DCN(0,0) + u*DCN(1,0);
	 for(j=0; j<vorder-1; j++)
	 {
	    /* for the derivative in u */
	    DCN(2,j+1) =    DCN(1,j+1) -    DCN(0,j+1);
	    DCN(2,j)   = vs*DCN(2,j)    + v*DCN(2,j+1);

	    /* for the `point' */
	    DCN(0,j+1) = us*DCN(0,j+1 ) + u*DCN(1,j+1);
	    DCN(0,j)   = vs*DCN(0,j)    + v*DCN(0,j+1);
	 }

	 /* remaining linear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	 for(h=minorder; h<vorder-1; h++)
	    for(j=0; j<vorder-h; j++)
	    {
	       /* for the derivative in u */
	       DCN(2,j) = vs*DCN(2,j) + v*DCN(2,j+1);

	       /* for the `point' */
	       DCN(0,j) = vs*DCN(0,j) + v*DCN(0,j+1);
	    }

	 /* derivative direction in v */
	 dv[k] = DCN(0,1) - DCN(0,0);

	 /* derivative direction in u */
	 du[k] =   vs*DCN(2,0) + v*DCN(2,1);

	 /* last linear de Casteljau step */
	 out[k] =  vs*DCN(0,0) + v*DCN(0,1);
      }
   }
   else /* minorder == vorder */
   {
      for(k=0; k<dim; k++)
      {
	 /* first bilinear de Casteljau step */
	 for(i=0; i<uorder-1; i++)
	 {
	    DCN(i,0) = us*CN(i,0,k) + u*CN(i+1,0,k);
	    for(j=0; j<vorder-1; j++)
	    {
	       DCN(i,j+1) = us*CN(i,j+1,k) + u*CN(i+1,j+1,k);
	       DCN(i,j)   = vs*DCN(i,j)    + v*DCN(i,j+1);
	    }
	 }

	 /* remaining bilinear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	 for(h=2; h<minorder-1; h++)
	    for(i=0; i<uorder-h; i++)
	    {
	       DCN(i,0) = us*DCN(i,0) + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	       for(j=0; j<vorder-h; j++)
	       {
		  DCN(i,j+1) = us*DCN(i,j+1) + u*DCN(i+1,j+1);
		  DCN(i,j)   = vs*DCN(i,j)   + v*DCN(i,j+1);
	       }
	    }

	 /* last bilinear de Casteljau step */
	 DCN(0,2) =    DCN(0,1) -   DCN(0,0);
	 DCN(0,0) = vs*DCN(0,0) + v*DCN(0,1);
	 for(i=0; i<uorder-1; i++)
	 {
	    /* for the derivative in v */
	    DCN(i+1,2) =    DCN(i+1,1)  -   DCN(i+1,0);
	    DCN(i,2)   = us*DCN(i,2)    + u*DCN(i+1,2);

	    /* for the `point' */
	    DCN(i+1,0) = vs*DCN(i+1,0)  + v*DCN(i+1,1);
	    DCN(i,0)   = us*DCN(i,0)    + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	 }

	 /* remaining linear de Casteljau steps until the second last step */
	 for(h=minorder; h<uorder-1; h++)
	    for(i=0; i<uorder-h; i++)
	    {
	       /* for the derivative in v */
	       DCN(i,2) = us*DCN(i,2) + u*DCN(i+1,2);

	       /* for the `point' */
	       DCN(i,0) = us*DCN(i,0) + u*DCN(i+1,0);
	    }

	 /* derivative direction in u */
	 du[k] = DCN(1,0) - DCN(0,0);

	 /* derivative direction in v */
	 dv[k] =   us*DCN(0,2) + u*DCN(1,2);

	 /* last linear de Casteljau step */
	 out[k] =  us*DCN(0,0) + u*DCN(1,0);
      }
   }
#undef DCN
#undef CN
}


/*
 * Do one-time initialization for evaluators.
 */
void _math_init_eval( void )
{
   GLuint i;

   /* KW: precompute 1/x for useful x.
    */
   for (i = 1 ; i < MAX_EVAL_ORDER ; i++)
      inv_tab[i] = 1.0 / i;
}