17839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger/*
27839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * Copyright 2012 Google Inc.
37839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
47839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
57839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * found in the LICENSE file.
67839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger */
77839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger#include "SkDQuadImplicit.h"
87839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger
97839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger/* from http://tom.cs.byu.edu/~tom/papers/cvgip84.pdf 4.1
107839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
117839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * This paper proves that Syvester's method can compute the implicit form of
127839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * the quadratic from the parameterized form.
137839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
147839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * Given x = a*t*t + b*t + c  (the parameterized form)
157839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *       y = d*t*t + e*t + f
167839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
177839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * we want to find an equation of the implicit form:
187839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
197839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * A*x*x + B*x*y + C*y*y + D*x + E*y + F = 0
207839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
217839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * The implicit form can be expressed as a 4x4 determinant, as shown.
227839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
237839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * The resultant obtained by Syvester's method is
247839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
257839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   a   b   (c - x)     0     |
267839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   0   a      b     (c - x)  |
277839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   d   e   (f - y)     0     |
287839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   0   d      e     (f - y)  |
297839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
307839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * which expands to
317839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
327839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * d*d*x*x + -2*a*d*x*y + a*a*y*y
337839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *         + (-2*c*d*d + b*e*d - a*e*e + 2*a*f*d)*x
347839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *         + (-2*f*a*a + e*b*a - d*b*b + 2*d*c*a)*y
357839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *         +
367839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   a   b   c   0   |
377839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   0   a   b   c   | == 0.
387839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   d   e   f   0   |
397839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * |   0   d   e   f   |
407839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
417839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * Expanding the constant determinant results in
427839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
437839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *   | a b c |     | b c 0 |
447839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * a*| e f 0 | + d*| a b c | ==
457839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *   | d e f |     | d e f |
467839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
477839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger * a*(a*f*f + c*e*e - c*f*d - b*e*f) + d*(b*b*f + c*c*d - c*a*f - c*e*b)
487839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger *
497839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger */
507839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger
517839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger// use the tricky arithmetic path, but leave the original to compare just in case
527839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenbergerstatic bool straight_forward = false;
537839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger
547839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek SollenbergerSkDQuadImplicit::SkDQuadImplicit(const SkDQuad& q) {
557839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    double a, b, c;
567839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    SkDQuad::SetABC(&q[0].fX, &a, &b, &c);
577839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    double d, e, f;
587839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    SkDQuad::SetABC(&q[0].fY, &d, &e, &f);
597839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    // compute the implicit coefficients
607839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    if (straight_forward) {  // 42 muls, 13 adds
617839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kXx_Coeff] = d * d;
627839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kXy_Coeff] = -2 * a * d;
637839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kYy_Coeff] = a * a;
647839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kX_Coeff] = -2*c*d*d + b*e*d - a*e*e + 2*a*f*d;
657839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kY_Coeff] = -2*f*a*a + e*b*a - d*b*b + 2*d*c*a;
667839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kC_Coeff] = a*(a*f*f + c*e*e - c*f*d - b*e*f)
677839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger                   + d*(b*b*f + c*c*d - c*a*f - c*e*b);
687839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    } else {  // 26 muls, 11 adds
697839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double aa = a * a;
707839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double ad = a * d;
717839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double dd = d * d;
727839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kXx_Coeff] = dd;
737839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kXy_Coeff] = -2 * ad;
747839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kYy_Coeff] = aa;
757839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double be = b * e;
767839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double bde = be * d;
777839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double cdd = c * dd;
787839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double ee = e * e;
797839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kX_Coeff] =  -2*cdd + bde - a*ee + 2*ad*f;
807839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double aaf = aa * f;
817839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double abe = a * be;
827839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double ac = a * c;
837839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        double bb_2ac = b*b - 2*ac;
847839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kY_Coeff] = -2*aaf + abe - d*bb_2ac;
857839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        fP[kC_Coeff] = aaf*f + ac*ee + d*f*bb_2ac - abe*f + c*cdd - c*bde;
867839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    }
877839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger}
887839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger
897839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger /* Given a pair of quadratics, determine their parametric coefficients.
907839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger  * If the scaled coefficients are nearly equal, then the part of the quadratics
917839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger  * may be coincident.
927839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger  * OPTIMIZATION -- since comparison short-circuits on no match,
937839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger  * lazily compute the coefficients, comparing the easiest to compute first.
947839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger  * xx and yy first; then xy; and so on.
957839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger  */
967839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenbergerbool SkDQuadImplicit::match(const SkDQuadImplicit& p2) const {
977839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    int first = 0;
987839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    for (int index = 0; index <= kC_Coeff; ++index) {
997839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        if (approximately_zero(fP[index]) && approximately_zero(p2.fP[index])) {
1007839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger            first += first == index;
1017839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger            continue;
1027839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        }
1037839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        if (first == index) {
1047839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger            continue;
1057839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        }
1060a657bbc2c6fc9daf699942e023050536d5ec95fDerek Sollenberger        if (!AlmostDequalUlps(fP[index] * p2.fP[first], fP[first] * p2.fP[index])) {
1077839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger            return false;
1087839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger        }
1097839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    }
1107839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    return true;
1117839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger}
1127839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger
1137839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenbergerbool SkDQuadImplicit::Match(const SkDQuad& quad1, const SkDQuad& quad2) {
1147839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    SkDQuadImplicit i1(quad1);  // a'xx , b'xy , c'yy , d'x , e'y , f
1157839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    SkDQuadImplicit i2(quad2);
1167839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger    return i1.match(i2);
1177839ce1af63bf12fe7b3caa866970bbbb3afb13dDerek Sollenberger}
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