190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe/*
290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe * Shamelessly lifted from Beej's Guide to Network Programming, found here:
390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe *
490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe * http://beej.us/guide/bgnet/output/html/singlepage/bgnet.html#serialization
590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe *
690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe * Below code was granted to the public domain.
790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe */
890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe#include <inttypes.h>
9802ad4a83e92a30b5fdccf117d59fbb69068c054Jens Axboe#include "ieee754.h"
1090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
1190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboeuint64_t pack754(long double f, unsigned bits, unsigned expbits)
1290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe{
1390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	long double fnorm;
1490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	int shift;
1590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	long long sign, exp, significand;
1690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	unsigned significandbits = bits - expbits - 1; // -1 for sign bit
1790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
1890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// get this special case out of the way
1990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	if (f == 0.0)
2090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		return 0;
2190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
2290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// check sign and begin normalization
2390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	if (f < 0) {
2490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		sign = 1;
2590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		fnorm = -f;
2690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	} else {
2790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		sign = 0;
2890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		fnorm = f;
2990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	}
3090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
3190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// get the normalized form of f and track the exponent
3290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	shift = 0;
3390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	while (fnorm >= 2.0) {
3490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		fnorm /= 2.0;
3590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		shift++;
3690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	}
3790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	while (fnorm < 1.0) {
3890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		fnorm *= 2.0;
3990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		shift--;
4090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	}
4190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	fnorm = fnorm - 1.0;
4290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
4390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// calculate the binary form (non-float) of the significand data
4490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	significand = fnorm * ((1LL << significandbits) + 0.5f);
4590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
4690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// get the biased exponent
4790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	exp = shift + ((1 << (expbits - 1)) - 1); // shift + bias
4890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
4990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// return the final answer
5090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	return (sign << (bits - 1)) | (exp << (bits-expbits - 1)) | significand;
5190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe}
5290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
5390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboelong double unpack754(uint64_t i, unsigned bits, unsigned expbits)
5490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe{
5590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	long double result;
5690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	long long shift;
5790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	unsigned bias;
5890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	unsigned significandbits = bits - expbits - 1; // -1 for sign bit
5990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
6090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	if (i == 0)
6190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		return 0.0;
6290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
6390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// pull the significand
6490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	result = (i & ((1LL << significandbits) - 1)); // mask
6590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	result /= (1LL << significandbits); // convert back to float
6690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	result += 1.0f; // add the one back on
6790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
6890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// deal with the exponent
6990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	bias = (1 << (expbits - 1)) - 1;
7090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	shift = ((i >> significandbits) & ((1LL << expbits) - 1)) - bias;
7190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	while (shift > 0) {
7290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		result *= 2.0;
7390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		shift--;
7490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	}
7590f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	while (shift < 0) {
7690f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		result /= 2.0;
7790f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe		shift++;
7890f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	}
7990f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
8090f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	// sign it
8190f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	result *= (i >> (bits - 1)) & 1 ? -1.0 : 1.0;
8290f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe
8390f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe	return result;
8490f326d04602d0df35ca32f251dd6cc353d26a25Jens Axboe}
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