/* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package java.nio;

import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.channels.ClosedSelectorException;
import java.nio.channels.IllegalSelectorException;
import java.nio.channels.SelectableChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import static java.nio.channels.SelectionKey.*;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.spi.AbstractSelectableChannel;
import java.nio.channels.spi.AbstractSelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.spi.AbstractSelector;
import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import libcore.io.ErrnoException;
import libcore.io.IoUtils;
import libcore.io.Libcore;
import libcore.util.EmptyArray;
import org.apache.harmony.luni.platform.FileDescriptorHandler;
import org.apache.harmony.luni.platform.Platform;

/*
 * Default implementation of java.nio.channels.Selector
 */
final class SelectorImpl extends AbstractSelector {

    static final FileDescriptor[] EMPTY_FILE_DESCRIPTORS_ARRAY = new FileDescriptor[0];

    private static final SelectionKeyImpl[] EMPTY_SELECTION_KEY_IMPLS_ARRAY
            = new SelectionKeyImpl[0];

    private static final int CONNECT_OR_WRITE = OP_CONNECT | OP_WRITE;

    private static final int ACCEPT_OR_READ = OP_ACCEPT | OP_READ;

    private static final int NA = 0;

    private static final int READABLE = 1;

    private static final int WRITABLE = 2;

    private static final int SELECT_BLOCK = -1;

    private static final int SELECT_NOW = 0;

    /**
     * Used to synchronize when a key's interest ops change.
     */
    final Object keysLock = new Object();

    private final Set<SelectionKeyImpl> mutableKeys = new HashSet<SelectionKeyImpl>();

    /**
     * The unmodifiable set of keys as exposed to the user. This object is used
     * for synchronization.
     */
    private final Set<SelectionKey> unmodifiableKeys = Collections
            .<SelectionKey>unmodifiableSet(mutableKeys);

    private final Set<SelectionKey> mutableSelectedKeys = new HashSet<SelectionKey>();

    /**
     * The unmodifiable set of selectable keys as seen by the user. This object
     * is used for synchronization.
     */
    private final Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys
            = new UnaddableSet<SelectionKey>(mutableSelectedKeys);

    /**
     * The wakeup pipe. To trigger a wakeup, write a byte to wakeupOut. Each
     * time select returns, wakeupIn is drained.
     */
    private final FileDescriptor wakeupIn;
    private final FileDescriptor wakeupOut;

    /**
     * File descriptors we're interested in reading from. When actively
     * selecting, the first element is always the wakeup channel's file
     * descriptor, and the other elements are user-specified file descriptors.
     * Otherwise, all elements are null.
     */
    private FileDescriptor[] readableFDs = EMPTY_FILE_DESCRIPTORS_ARRAY;

    /**
     * File descriptors we're interested in writing from. May be empty. When not
     * actively selecting, all elements are null.
     */
    private FileDescriptor[] writableFDs = EMPTY_FILE_DESCRIPTORS_ARRAY;

    /**
     * Selection keys that correspond to the concatenation of readableFDs and
     * writableFDs. This is used to interpret the results returned by select().
     * When not actively selecting, all elements are null.
     */
    private SelectionKeyImpl[] readyKeys = EMPTY_SELECTION_KEY_IMPLS_ARRAY;

    /**
     * Selection flags that define the ready ops on the ready keys. When not
     * actively selecting, all elements are 0. Corresponds to the ready keys
     * set.
     */
    private int[] flags = EmptyArray.INT;

    public SelectorImpl(SelectorProvider selectorProvider) throws IOException {
        super(selectorProvider);

        /*
         * Create a pipes to trigger wakeup. We can't use a NIO pipe because it
         * would be closed if the selecting thread is interrupted. Also
         * configure the pipe so we can fully drain it without blocking.
         */
        try {
            FileDescriptor[] pipeFds = Libcore.os.pipe();
            wakeupIn = pipeFds[0];
            wakeupOut = pipeFds[1];
            IoUtils.setBlocking(wakeupIn, false);
        } catch (ErrnoException errnoException) {
            throw errnoException.rethrowAsIOException();
        }
    }

    @Override protected void implCloseSelector() throws IOException {
        wakeup();
        synchronized (this) {
            synchronized (unmodifiableKeys) {
                synchronized (selectedKeys) {
                    IoUtils.close(wakeupIn);
                    IoUtils.close(wakeupOut);
                    doCancel();
                    for (SelectionKey sk : mutableKeys) {
                        deregister((AbstractSelectionKey) sk);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override protected SelectionKey register(AbstractSelectableChannel channel,
            int operations, Object attachment) {
        if (!provider().equals(channel.provider())) {
            throw new IllegalSelectorException();
        }
        synchronized (this) {
            synchronized (unmodifiableKeys) {
                SelectionKeyImpl selectionKey = new SelectionKeyImpl(
                        channel, operations, attachment, this);
                mutableKeys.add(selectionKey);
                return selectionKey;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override public synchronized Set<SelectionKey> keys() {
        checkClosed();
        return unmodifiableKeys;
    }

    private void checkClosed() {
        if (!isOpen()) {
            throw new ClosedSelectorException();
        }
    }

    @Override public int select() throws IOException {
        return selectInternal(SELECT_BLOCK);
    }

    @Override public int select(long timeout) throws IOException {
        if (timeout < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        return selectInternal((timeout == 0) ? SELECT_BLOCK : timeout);
    }

    @Override public int selectNow() throws IOException {
        return selectInternal(SELECT_NOW);
    }

    private int selectInternal(long timeout) throws IOException {
        checkClosed();
        synchronized (this) {
            synchronized (unmodifiableKeys) {
                synchronized (selectedKeys) {
                    doCancel();
                    boolean isBlock = (SELECT_NOW != timeout);
                    int readableKeysCount = 1; // first is always the wakeup channel
                    int writableKeysCount = 0;
                    synchronized (keysLock) {
                        for (SelectionKeyImpl key : mutableKeys) {
                            int ops = key.interestOpsNoCheck();
                            if ((ACCEPT_OR_READ & ops) != 0) {
                                readableKeysCount++;
                            }
                            if ((CONNECT_OR_WRITE & ops) != 0) {
                                writableKeysCount++;
                            }
                        }
                        prepareChannels(readableKeysCount, writableKeysCount);
                    }
                    boolean success;
                    try {
                        if (isBlock) {
                            begin();
                        }
                        success = Platform.NETWORK.select(readableFDs, writableFDs,
                                readableKeysCount, writableKeysCount, timeout, flags);
                    } finally {
                        if (isBlock) {
                            end();
                        }
                    }

                    int selected = success ? processSelectResult() : 0;

                    Arrays.fill(readableFDs, null);
                    Arrays.fill(writableFDs, null);
                    Arrays.fill(readyKeys, null);
                    Arrays.fill(flags, 0);

                    selected -= doCancel();

                    return selected;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private int getReadyOps(SelectionKeyImpl key) {
        SelectableChannel channel = key.channel();
        return ((channel instanceof SocketChannel) && !((SocketChannel) channel).isConnectionPending()) ?
                OP_WRITE : CONNECT_OR_WRITE;
    }

    /**
     * Prepare the readableFDs, writableFDs, readyKeys and flags arrays in
     * preparation for a call to {@code INetworkSystem#select()}. After they're
     * used, the array elements must be cleared.
     */
    private void prepareChannels(int numReadable, int numWritable) {
        // grow each array to sufficient capacity. Always grow to at least 1.5x
        // to avoid growing too frequently
        if (readableFDs.length < numReadable) {
            int newSize = Math.max((int) (readableFDs.length * 1.5f), numReadable);
            readableFDs = new FileDescriptor[newSize];
        }
        if (writableFDs.length < numWritable) {
            int newSize = Math.max((int) (writableFDs.length * 1.5f), numWritable);
            writableFDs = new FileDescriptor[newSize];
        }
        int total = numReadable + numWritable;
        if (readyKeys.length < total) {
            int newSize = Math.max((int) (readyKeys.length * 1.5f), total);
            readyKeys = new SelectionKeyImpl[newSize];
            flags = new int[newSize];
        }

        // populate the FDs, including the wakeup channel
        readableFDs[0] = wakeupIn;
        int r = 1;
        int w = 0;
        for (SelectionKeyImpl key : mutableKeys) {
            int interestOps = key.interestOpsNoCheck();
            if ((ACCEPT_OR_READ & interestOps) != 0) {
                readableFDs[r] = ((FileDescriptorHandler) key.channel()).getFD();
                readyKeys[r] = key;
                r++;
            }
            if ((getReadyOps(key) & interestOps) != 0) {
                writableFDs[w] = ((FileDescriptorHandler) key.channel()).getFD();
                readyKeys[w + numReadable] = key;
                w++;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Updates the key ready ops and selected key set with data from the flags
     * array.
     */
    private int processSelectResult() throws IOException {
        if (flags[0] == READABLE) {
            /*
             * Read bytes from the wakeup pipe until the pipe is empty. We made
             * the FD non-blocking so we can just loop until read returns 0.
             */
            byte[] buffer = new byte[8];
            while (Platform.FILE_SYSTEM.read(IoUtils.getFd(wakeupIn), buffer, 0, 1) != 0) {
            }
        }

        int selected = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i < flags.length; i++) {
            if (flags[i] == NA) {
                continue;
            }

            SelectionKeyImpl key = readyKeys[i];
            int ops = key.interestOpsNoCheck();
            int selectedOp = 0;

            switch (flags[i]) {
                case READABLE:
                    selectedOp = ACCEPT_OR_READ & ops;
                    break;
                case WRITABLE:
                    if (key.isConnected()) {
                        selectedOp = OP_WRITE & ops;
                    } else {
                        selectedOp = OP_CONNECT & ops;
                    }
                    break;
            }

            if (selectedOp != 0) {
                boolean wasSelected = mutableSelectedKeys.contains(key);
                if (wasSelected && key.readyOps() != selectedOp) {
                    key.setReadyOps(key.readyOps() | selectedOp);
                    selected++;
                } else if (!wasSelected) {
                    key.setReadyOps(selectedOp);
                    mutableSelectedKeys.add(key);
                    selected++;
                }
            }
        }

        return selected;
    }

    @Override public synchronized Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys() {
        checkClosed();
        return selectedKeys;
    }

    /**
     * Removes cancelled keys from the key set and selected key set, and
     * deregisters the corresponding channels. Returns the number of keys
     * removed from the selected key set.
     */
    private int doCancel() {
        int deselected = 0;

        Set<SelectionKey> cancelledKeys = cancelledKeys();
        synchronized (cancelledKeys) {
            if (cancelledKeys.size() > 0) {
                for (SelectionKey currentKey : cancelledKeys) {
                    mutableKeys.remove(currentKey);
                    deregister((AbstractSelectionKey) currentKey);
                    if (mutableSelectedKeys.remove(currentKey)) {
                        deselected++;
                    }
                }
                cancelledKeys.clear();
            }
        }

        return deselected;
    }

    @Override public Selector wakeup() {
        try {
            Platform.FILE_SYSTEM.write(IoUtils.getFd(wakeupOut), new byte[]{1}, 0, 1);
        } catch (IOException ignored) {
        }
        return this;
    }

    private static class UnaddableSet<E> implements Set<E> {

        private final Set<E> set;

        UnaddableSet(Set<E> set) {
            this.set = set;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object object) {
            return set.equals(object);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return set.hashCode();
        }

        public boolean add(E object) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

        public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

        public void clear() {
            set.clear();
        }

        public boolean contains(Object object) {
            return set.contains(object);
        }

        public boolean containsAll(Collection<?> c) {
            return set.containsAll(c);
        }

        public boolean isEmpty() {
            return set.isEmpty();
        }

        public Iterator<E> iterator() {
            return set.iterator();
        }

        public boolean remove(Object object) {
            return set.remove(object);
        }

        public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
            return set.removeAll(c);
        }

        public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) {
            return set.retainAll(c);
        }

        public int size() {
            return set.size();
        }

        public Object[] toArray() {
            return set.toArray();
        }

        public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
            return set.toArray(a);
        }
    }
}