1b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss/* xf86drmRandom.c -- "Minimal Standard" PRNG Implementation
2b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Created: Mon Apr 19 08:28:13 1999 by faith@precisioninsight.com
3b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
4b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Copyright 1999 Precision Insight, Inc., Cedar Park, Texas.
5b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * All Rights Reserved.
6b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
7b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
8b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
9b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
10b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
11b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
12b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
14b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
15b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
16b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Software.
17b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
18b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
19b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
20b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
21b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * PRECISION INSIGHT AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
22b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
23b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
24b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
25b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
261c8b2b5e06f7967babfa49b9dc8bf24316bfe201Rik Faith * Authors: Rickard E. (Rik) Faith <faith@valinux.com>
271c8b2b5e06f7967babfa49b9dc8bf24316bfe201Rik Faith *
28b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * DESCRIPTION
29b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
30b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * This file contains a simple, straightforward implementation of the Park
31b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * & Miller "Minimal Standard" PRNG [PM88, PMS93], which is a Lehmer
32b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * multiplicative linear congruential generator (MLCG) with a period of
33b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * 2^31-1.
34b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
35b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * This implementation is intended to provide a reliable, portable PRNG
36b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * that is suitable for testing a hash table implementation and for
37b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * implementing skip lists.
38b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
39b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
40b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
41b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * If initial seeds are not selected randomly, two instances of the PRNG
42b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * can be correlated.  [Knuth81, pp. 32-33] describes a shuffling technique
43b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * that can eliminate this problem.
44b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
45b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * If PRNGs are used for simulation, the period of the current
46b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * implementation may be too short.  [LE88] discusses methods of combining
47b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * MLCGs to produce much longer periods, and suggests some alternative
48b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * values for A and M.  [LE90 and Sch92] also provide information on
49b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * long-period PRNGs.
50b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
51b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * REFERENCES
52b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
53b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * [Knuth81] Donald E. Knuth. The Art of Computer Programming.  Volume 2:
54b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Seminumerical Algorithms.  Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1981.
55b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
56b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * [LE88] Pierre L'Ecuyer. "Efficient and Portable Combined Random Number
57b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Generators".  CACM 31(6), June 1988, pp. 742-774.
58b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
59b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * [LE90] Pierre L'Ecuyer. "Random Numbers for Simulation". CACM 33(10,
60b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * October 1990, pp. 85-97.
61b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
62b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * [PM88] Stephen K. Park and Keith W. Miller. "Random Number Generators:
63b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Good Ones are Hard to Find". CACM 31(10), October 1988, pp. 1192-1201.
64b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
65b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * [Sch92] Bruce Schneier. "Pseudo-Ransom Sequence Generator for 32-Bit
66b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * CPUs".  Dr. Dobb's Journal 17(2), February 1992, pp. 34, 37-38, 40.
67b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
68b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * [PMS93] Stephen K. Park, Keith W. Miller, and Paul K. Stockmeyer.  In
69b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * "Technical Correspondence: Remarks on Choosing and Implementing Random
70b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss * Number Generators". CACM 36(7), July 1993, pp. 105-110.
71b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss *
72b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss */
73b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
74b69b42634619076d4163ae144f0154880d1928cdGeorge Sapountzis#include <stdio.h>
75b69b42634619076d4163ae144f0154880d1928cdGeorge Sapountzis#include <stdlib.h>
76f28dddb5515cb1c16f8c29e025195ea29d9f01d4Adam Jackson
77b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_MAIN 0
78b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
79b69b42634619076d4163ae144f0154880d1928cdGeorge Sapountzis#if !RANDOM_MAIN
80b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss# include "xf86drm.h"
81b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#endif
82b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
83b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_MAGIC 0xfeedbeef
84b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_DEBUG 0
85b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
86b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#if RANDOM_MAIN
87b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_ALLOC malloc
88b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_FREE  free
89b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#else
90b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_ALLOC drmMalloc
91b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#define RANDOM_FREE  drmFree
92b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#endif
93b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
94b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strausstypedef struct RandomState {
95b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long magic;
96b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long a;
97b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long m;
98b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long q;		/* m div a */
99b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long r;		/* m mod a */
100b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long check;
101b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    long          seed;
102b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss} RandomState;
103b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
104b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#if RANDOM_MAIN
10522e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonextern void          *drmRandomCreate(unsigned long seed);
10622e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonextern int           drmRandomDestroy(void *state);
10722e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonextern unsigned long drmRandom(void *state);
10822e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonextern double        drmRandomDouble(void *state);
109b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#endif
110b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
11122e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonvoid *drmRandomCreate(unsigned long seed)
112b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss{
113b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    RandomState  *state;
114b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
115b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state           = RANDOM_ALLOC(sizeof(*state));
116b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    if (!state) return NULL;
117b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->magic    = RANDOM_MAGIC;
118b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#if 0
119b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss				/* Park & Miller, October 1988 */
120b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->a        = 16807;
121b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->m        = 2147483647;
122b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->check    = 1043618065; /* After 10000 iterations */
123b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#else
124b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss				/* Park, Miller, and Stockmeyer, July 1993 */
125b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->a        = 48271;
126b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->m        = 2147483647;
127b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->check    = 399268537; /* After 10000 iterations */
128b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#endif
129b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->q        = state->m / state->a;
130b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->r        = state->m % state->a;
131b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
132b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    state->seed     = seed;
133b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss				/* Check for illegal boundary conditions,
134b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss                                   and choose closest legal value. */
135b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    if (state->seed <= 0)        state->seed = 1;
136b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    if (state->seed >= state->m) state->seed = state->m - 1;
137b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
138b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    return state;
139b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss}
140b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
14122e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonint drmRandomDestroy(void *state)
142b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss{
143b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    RANDOM_FREE(state);
144b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    return 0;
145b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss}
146b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
14722e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksonunsigned long drmRandom(void *state)
148b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss{
149b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    RandomState   *s = (RandomState *)state;
150b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    long          hi;
151b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    long          lo;
152b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
153b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    hi      = s->seed / s->q;
154b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    lo      = s->seed % s->q;
155b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    s->seed = s->a * lo - s->r * hi;
156b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    if (s->seed <= 0) s->seed += s->m;
157b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
158b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    return s->seed;
159b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss}
160b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
16122e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jacksondouble drmRandomDouble(void *state)
162b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss{
163b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    RandomState *s = (RandomState *)state;
164b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
16522e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    return (double)drmRandom(state)/(double)s->m;
166b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss}
167b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
168b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#if RANDOM_MAIN
169b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Straussstatic void check_period(long seed)
170b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss{
171b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long count = 0;
172b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long initial;
173b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    void          *state;
174b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
17522e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    state = drmRandomCreate(seed);
17622e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    initial = drmRandom(state);
177b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    ++count;
17822e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    while (initial != drmRandom(state)) {
179b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss	if (!++count) break;
180b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    }
181b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    printf("With seed of %10ld, period = %10lu (0x%08lx)\n",
182b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss	   seed, count, count);
18322e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    drmRandomDestroy(state);
184b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss}
185b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
186b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Straussint main(void)
187b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss{
188b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    RandomState   *state;
189b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    int           i;
190b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    unsigned long rand;
191b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
19222e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    state = drmRandomCreate(1);
193b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
19422e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson	rand = drmRandom(state);
195b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    }
196b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    printf("After 10000 iterations: %lu (%lu expected): %s\n",
197b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss	   rand, state->check,
198b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss	   rand - state->check ? "*INCORRECT*" : "CORRECT");
19922e41ef08338ae6dd59acbe6d4d8e50d83672816Adam Jackson    drmRandomDestroy(state);
200b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
201b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    printf("Checking periods...\n");
202b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    check_period(1);
203b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    check_period(2);
204b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    check_period(31415926);
205b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss
206b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss    return 0;
207b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss}
208b3a5766992019fc5f44cc9afd01b2617b76f47aDaryll Strauss#endif
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