Main.cpp revision 681c4f45bf373f84c5b80a4c8dda871ae6fcfcbd
1//
2// Copyright 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3//
4// Android Asset Packaging Tool main entry point.
5//
6#include "Main.h"
7#include "Bundle.h"
8
9#include <utils/Log.h>
10#include <utils/threads.h>
11#include <utils/List.h>
12#include <utils/Errors.h>
13
14#include <stdlib.h>
15#include <getopt.h>
16#include <assert.h>
17
18using namespace android;
19
20static const char* gProgName = "aapt";
21
22/*
23 * When running under Cygwin on Windows, this will convert slash-based
24 * paths into back-slash-based ones. Otherwise the ApptAssets file comparisons
25 * fail later as they use back-slash separators under Windows.
26 *
27 * This operates in-place on the path string.
28 */
29void convertPath(char *path) {
30  if (path != NULL && OS_PATH_SEPARATOR != '/') {
31    for (; *path; path++) {
32      if (*path == '/') {
33        *path = OS_PATH_SEPARATOR;
34      }
35    }
36  }
37}
38
39/*
40 * Print usage info.
41 */
42void usage(void)
43{
44    fprintf(stderr, "Android Asset Packaging Tool\n\n");
45    fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n");
46    fprintf(stderr,
47        " %s l[ist] [-v] [-a] file.{zip,jar,apk}\n"
48        "   List contents of Zip-compatible archive.\n\n", gProgName);
49    fprintf(stderr,
50        " %s d[ump] [--values] [--include-meta-data] WHAT file.{apk} [asset [asset ...]]\n"
51        "   strings          Print the contents of the resource table string pool in the APK.\n"
52        "   badging          Print the label and icon for the app declared in APK.\n"
53        "   permissions      Print the permissions from the APK.\n"
54        "   resources        Print the resource table from the APK.\n"
55        "   configurations   Print the configurations in the APK.\n"
56        "   xmltree          Print the compiled xmls in the given assets.\n"
57        "   xmlstrings       Print the strings of the given compiled xml assets.\n\n", gProgName);
58    fprintf(stderr,
59        " %s p[ackage] [-d][-f][-m][-u][-v][-x][-z][-M AndroidManifest.xml] \\\n"
60        "        [-0 extension [-0 extension ...]] [-g tolerance] [-j jarfile] \\\n"
61        "        [--debug-mode] [--min-sdk-version VAL] [--target-sdk-version VAL] \\\n"
62        "        [--app-version VAL] [--app-version-name TEXT] [--custom-package VAL] \\\n"
63        "        [--rename-manifest-package PACKAGE] \\\n"
64        "        [--rename-instrumentation-target-package PACKAGE] \\\n"
65        "        [--utf16] [--auto-add-overlay] \\\n"
66        "        [--max-res-version VAL] \\\n"
67        "        [-I base-package [-I base-package ...]] \\\n"
68        "        [-A asset-source-dir]  [-G class-list-file] [-P public-definitions-file] \\\n"
69        "        [-S resource-sources [-S resource-sources ...]] \\\n"
70        "        [-F apk-file] [-J R-file-dir] \\\n"
71        "        [--product product1,product2,...] \\\n"
72        "        [-c CONFIGS] [--preferred-configurations CONFIGS] \\\n"
73        "        [raw-files-dir [raw-files-dir] ...] \\\n"
74        "        [--output-text-symbols DIR]\n"
75        "\n"
76        "   Package the android resources.  It will read assets and resources that are\n"
77        "   supplied with the -M -A -S or raw-files-dir arguments.  The -J -P -F and -R\n"
78        "   options control which files are output.\n\n"
79        , gProgName);
80    fprintf(stderr,
81        " %s r[emove] [-v] file.{zip,jar,apk} file1 [file2 ...]\n"
82        "   Delete specified files from Zip-compatible archive.\n\n",
83        gProgName);
84    fprintf(stderr,
85        " %s a[dd] [-v] file.{zip,jar,apk} file1 [file2 ...]\n"
86        "   Add specified files to Zip-compatible archive.\n\n", gProgName);
87    fprintf(stderr,
88        " %s c[runch] [-v] -S resource-sources ... -C output-folder ...\n"
89        "   Do PNG preprocessing on one or several resource folders\n"
90        "   and store the results in the output folder.\n\n", gProgName);
91    fprintf(stderr,
92        " %s s[ingleCrunch] [-v] -i input-file -o outputfile\n"
93        "   Do PNG preprocessing on a single file.\n\n", gProgName);
94    fprintf(stderr,
95        " %s v[ersion]\n"
96        "   Print program version.\n\n", gProgName);
97    fprintf(stderr,
98        " Modifiers:\n"
99        "   -a  print Android-specific data (resources, manifest) when listing\n"
100        "   -c  specify which configurations to include.  The default is all\n"
101        "       configurations.  The value of the parameter should be a comma\n"
102        "       separated list of configuration values.  Locales should be specified\n"
103        "       as either a language or language-region pair.  Some examples:\n"
104        "            en\n"
105        "            port,en\n"
106        "            port,land,en_US\n"
107        "       If you put the special locale, zz_ZZ on the list, it will perform\n"
108        "       pseudolocalization on the default locale, modifying all of the\n"
109        "       strings so you can look for strings that missed the\n"
110        "       internationalization process.  For example:\n"
111        "            port,land,zz_ZZ\n"
112        "   -d  one or more device assets to include, separated by commas\n"
113        "   -f  force overwrite of existing files\n"
114        "   -g  specify a pixel tolerance to force images to grayscale, default 0\n"
115        "   -j  specify a jar or zip file containing classes to include\n"
116        "   -k  junk path of file(s) added\n"
117        "   -m  make package directories under location specified by -J\n"
118#if 0
119        "   -p  pseudolocalize the default configuration\n"
120#endif
121        "   -u  update existing packages (add new, replace older, remove deleted files)\n"
122        "   -v  verbose output\n"
123        "   -x  create extending (non-application) resource IDs\n"
124        "   -z  require localization of resource attributes marked with\n"
125        "       localization=\"suggested\"\n"
126        "   -A  additional directory in which to find raw asset files\n"
127        "   -G  A file to output proguard options into.\n"
128        "   -F  specify the apk file to output\n"
129        "   -I  add an existing package to base include set\n"
130        "   -J  specify where to output R.java resource constant definitions\n"
131        "   -M  specify full path to AndroidManifest.xml to include in zip\n"
132        "   -P  specify where to output public resource definitions\n"
133        "   -S  directory in which to find resources.  Multiple directories will be scanned\n"
134        "       and the first match found (left to right) will take precedence.\n"
135        "   -0  specifies an additional extension for which such files will not\n"
136        "       be stored compressed in the .apk.  An empty string means to not\n"
137        "       compress any files at all.\n"
138        "   --debug-mode\n"
139        "       inserts android:debuggable=\"true\" in to the application node of the\n"
140        "       manifest, making the application debuggable even on production devices.\n"
141        "   --include-meta-data\n"
142        "       when used with \"dump badging\" also includes meta-data tags.\n"
143        "   --min-sdk-version\n"
144        "       inserts android:minSdkVersion in to manifest.  If the version is 7 or\n"
145        "       higher, the default encoding for resources will be in UTF-8.\n"
146        "   --target-sdk-version\n"
147        "       inserts android:targetSdkVersion in to manifest.\n"
148        "   --max-res-version\n"
149        "       ignores versioned resource directories above the given value.\n"
150        "   --values\n"
151        "       when used with \"dump resources\" also includes resource values.\n"
152        "   --version-code\n"
153        "       inserts android:versionCode in to manifest.\n"
154        "   --version-name\n"
155        "       inserts android:versionName in to manifest.\n"
156        "   --custom-package\n"
157        "       generates R.java into a different package.\n"
158        "   --extra-packages\n"
159        "       generate R.java for libraries. Separate libraries with ':'.\n"
160        "   --generate-dependencies\n"
161        "       generate dependency files in the same directories for R.java and resource package\n"
162        "   --auto-add-overlay\n"
163        "       Automatically add resources that are only in overlays.\n"
164        "   --preferred-configurations\n"
165        "       Like the -c option for filtering out unneeded configurations, but\n"
166        "       only expresses a preference.  If there is no resource available with\n"
167        "       the preferred configuration then it will not be stripped.\n"
168        "   --rename-manifest-package\n"
169        "       Rewrite the manifest so that its package name is the package name\n"
170        "       given here.  Relative class names (for example .Foo) will be\n"
171        "       changed to absolute names with the old package so that the code\n"
172        "       does not need to change.\n"
173        "   --rename-instrumentation-target-package\n"
174        "       Rewrite the manifest so that all of its instrumentation\n"
175        "       components target the given package.  Useful when used in\n"
176        "       conjunction with --rename-manifest-package to fix tests against\n"
177        "       a package that has been renamed.\n"
178        "   --product\n"
179        "       Specifies which variant to choose for strings that have\n"
180        "       product variants\n"
181        "   --utf16\n"
182        "       changes default encoding for resources to UTF-16.  Only useful when API\n"
183        "       level is set to 7 or higher where the default encoding is UTF-8.\n"
184        "   --non-constant-id\n"
185        "       Make the resources ID non constant. This is required to make an R java class\n"
186        "       that does not contain the final value but is used to make reusable compiled\n"
187        "       libraries that need to access resources.\n"
188        "   --error-on-failed-insert\n"
189        "       Forces aapt to return an error if it fails to insert values into the manifest\n"
190        "       with --debug-mode, --min-sdk-version, --target-sdk-version --version-code\n"
191        "       and --version-name.\n"
192        "       Insertion typically fails if the manifest already defines the attribute.\n"
193        "   --output-text-symbols\n"
194        "       Generates a text file containing the resource symbols of the R class in the\n"
195        "       specified folder.\n"
196        "   --ignore-assets\n"
197        "       Assets to be ignored. Default pattern is:\n"
198        "       %s\n",
199        gDefaultIgnoreAssets);
200}
201
202/*
203 * Dispatch the command.
204 */
205int handleCommand(Bundle* bundle)
206{
207    //printf("--- command %d (verbose=%d force=%d):\n",
208    //    bundle->getCommand(), bundle->getVerbose(), bundle->getForce());
209    //for (int i = 0; i < bundle->getFileSpecCount(); i++)
210    //    printf("  %d: '%s'\n", i, bundle->getFileSpecEntry(i));
211
212    switch (bundle->getCommand()) {
213    case kCommandVersion:      return doVersion(bundle);
214    case kCommandList:         return doList(bundle);
215    case kCommandDump:         return doDump(bundle);
216    case kCommandAdd:          return doAdd(bundle);
217    case kCommandRemove:       return doRemove(bundle);
218    case kCommandPackage:      return doPackage(bundle);
219    case kCommandCrunch:       return doCrunch(bundle);
220    case kCommandSingleCrunch: return doSingleCrunch(bundle);
221    default:
222        fprintf(stderr, "%s: requested command not yet supported\n", gProgName);
223        return 1;
224    }
225}
226
227/*
228 * Parse args.
229 */
230int main(int argc, char* const argv[])
231{
232    char *prog = argv[0];
233    Bundle bundle;
234    bool wantUsage = false;
235    int result = 1;    // pessimistically assume an error.
236    int tolerance = 0;
237
238    /* default to compression */
239    bundle.setCompressionMethod(ZipEntry::kCompressDeflated);
240
241    if (argc < 2) {
242        wantUsage = true;
243        goto bail;
244    }
245
246    if (argv[1][0] == 'v')
247        bundle.setCommand(kCommandVersion);
248    else if (argv[1][0] == 'd')
249        bundle.setCommand(kCommandDump);
250    else if (argv[1][0] == 'l')
251        bundle.setCommand(kCommandList);
252    else if (argv[1][0] == 'a')
253        bundle.setCommand(kCommandAdd);
254    else if (argv[1][0] == 'r')
255        bundle.setCommand(kCommandRemove);
256    else if (argv[1][0] == 'p')
257        bundle.setCommand(kCommandPackage);
258    else if (argv[1][0] == 'c')
259        bundle.setCommand(kCommandCrunch);
260    else if (argv[1][0] == 's')
261        bundle.setCommand(kCommandSingleCrunch);
262    else {
263        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Unknown command '%s'\n", argv[1]);
264        wantUsage = true;
265        goto bail;
266    }
267    argc -= 2;
268    argv += 2;
269
270    /*
271     * Pull out flags.  We support "-fv" and "-f -v".
272     */
273    while (argc && argv[0][0] == '-') {
274        /* flag(s) found */
275        const char* cp = argv[0] +1;
276
277        while (*cp != '\0') {
278            switch (*cp) {
279            case 'v':
280                bundle.setVerbose(true);
281                break;
282            case 'a':
283                bundle.setAndroidList(true);
284                break;
285            case 'c':
286                argc--;
287                argv++;
288                if (!argc) {
289                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-c' option\n");
290                    wantUsage = true;
291                    goto bail;
292                }
293                bundle.addConfigurations(argv[0]);
294                break;
295            case 'f':
296                bundle.setForce(true);
297                break;
298            case 'g':
299                argc--;
300                argv++;
301                if (!argc) {
302                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-g' option\n");
303                    wantUsage = true;
304                    goto bail;
305                }
306                tolerance = atoi(argv[0]);
307                bundle.setGrayscaleTolerance(tolerance);
308                printf("%s: Images with deviation <= %d will be forced to grayscale.\n", prog, tolerance);
309                break;
310            case 'k':
311                bundle.setJunkPath(true);
312                break;
313            case 'm':
314                bundle.setMakePackageDirs(true);
315                break;
316#if 0
317            case 'p':
318                bundle.setPseudolocalize(true);
319                break;
320#endif
321            case 'u':
322                bundle.setUpdate(true);
323                break;
324            case 'x':
325                bundle.setExtending(true);
326                break;
327            case 'z':
328                bundle.setRequireLocalization(true);
329                break;
330            case 'j':
331                argc--;
332                argv++;
333                if (!argc) {
334                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-j' option\n");
335                    wantUsage = true;
336                    goto bail;
337                }
338                convertPath(argv[0]);
339                bundle.addJarFile(argv[0]);
340                break;
341            case 'A':
342                argc--;
343                argv++;
344                if (!argc) {
345                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-A' option\n");
346                    wantUsage = true;
347                    goto bail;
348                }
349                convertPath(argv[0]);
350                bundle.setAssetSourceDir(argv[0]);
351                break;
352            case 'G':
353                argc--;
354                argv++;
355                if (!argc) {
356                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-G' option\n");
357                    wantUsage = true;
358                    goto bail;
359                }
360                convertPath(argv[0]);
361                bundle.setProguardFile(argv[0]);
362                break;
363            case 'I':
364                argc--;
365                argv++;
366                if (!argc) {
367                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-I' option\n");
368                    wantUsage = true;
369                    goto bail;
370                }
371                convertPath(argv[0]);
372                bundle.addPackageInclude(argv[0]);
373                break;
374            case 'F':
375                argc--;
376                argv++;
377                if (!argc) {
378                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-F' option\n");
379                    wantUsage = true;
380                    goto bail;
381                }
382                convertPath(argv[0]);
383                bundle.setOutputAPKFile(argv[0]);
384                break;
385            case 'J':
386                argc--;
387                argv++;
388                if (!argc) {
389                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-J' option\n");
390                    wantUsage = true;
391                    goto bail;
392                }
393                convertPath(argv[0]);
394                bundle.setRClassDir(argv[0]);
395                break;
396            case 'M':
397                argc--;
398                argv++;
399                if (!argc) {
400                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-M' option\n");
401                    wantUsage = true;
402                    goto bail;
403                }
404                convertPath(argv[0]);
405                bundle.setAndroidManifestFile(argv[0]);
406                break;
407            case 'P':
408                argc--;
409                argv++;
410                if (!argc) {
411                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-P' option\n");
412                    wantUsage = true;
413                    goto bail;
414                }
415                convertPath(argv[0]);
416                bundle.setPublicOutputFile(argv[0]);
417                break;
418            case 'S':
419                argc--;
420                argv++;
421                if (!argc) {
422                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-S' option\n");
423                    wantUsage = true;
424                    goto bail;
425                }
426                convertPath(argv[0]);
427                bundle.addResourceSourceDir(argv[0]);
428                break;
429            case 'C':
430                argc--;
431                argv++;
432                if (!argc) {
433                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-C' option\n");
434                    wantUsage = true;
435                    goto bail;
436                }
437                convertPath(argv[0]);
438                bundle.setCrunchedOutputDir(argv[0]);
439                break;
440            case 'i':
441                argc--;
442                argv++;
443                if (!argc) {
444                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-i' option\n");
445                    wantUsage = true;
446                    goto bail;
447                }
448                convertPath(argv[0]);
449                bundle.setSingleCrunchInputFile(argv[0]);
450                break;
451            case 'o':
452                argc--;
453                argv++;
454                if (!argc) {
455                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-o' option\n");
456                    wantUsage = true;
457                    goto bail;
458                }
459                convertPath(argv[0]);
460                bundle.setSingleCrunchOutputFile(argv[0]);
461                break;
462            case '0':
463                argc--;
464                argv++;
465                if (!argc) {
466                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-e' option\n");
467                    wantUsage = true;
468                    goto bail;
469                }
470                if (argv[0][0] != 0) {
471                    bundle.addNoCompressExtension(argv[0]);
472                } else {
473                    bundle.setCompressionMethod(ZipEntry::kCompressStored);
474                }
475                break;
476            case '-':
477                if (strcmp(cp, "-debug-mode") == 0) {
478                    bundle.setDebugMode(true);
479                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-min-sdk-version") == 0) {
480                    argc--;
481                    argv++;
482                    if (!argc) {
483                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--min-sdk-version' option\n");
484                        wantUsage = true;
485                        goto bail;
486                    }
487                    bundle.setMinSdkVersion(argv[0]);
488                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-target-sdk-version") == 0) {
489                    argc--;
490                    argv++;
491                    if (!argc) {
492                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--target-sdk-version' option\n");
493                        wantUsage = true;
494                        goto bail;
495                    }
496                    bundle.setTargetSdkVersion(argv[0]);
497                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-max-sdk-version") == 0) {
498                    argc--;
499                    argv++;
500                    if (!argc) {
501                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--max-sdk-version' option\n");
502                        wantUsage = true;
503                        goto bail;
504                    }
505                    bundle.setMaxSdkVersion(argv[0]);
506                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-max-res-version") == 0) {
507                    argc--;
508                    argv++;
509                    if (!argc) {
510                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--max-res-version' option\n");
511                        wantUsage = true;
512                        goto bail;
513                    }
514                    bundle.setMaxResVersion(argv[0]);
515                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-version-code") == 0) {
516                    argc--;
517                    argv++;
518                    if (!argc) {
519                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--version-code' option\n");
520                        wantUsage = true;
521                        goto bail;
522                    }
523                    bundle.setVersionCode(argv[0]);
524                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-version-name") == 0) {
525                    argc--;
526                    argv++;
527                    if (!argc) {
528                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--version-name' option\n");
529                        wantUsage = true;
530                        goto bail;
531                    }
532                    bundle.setVersionName(argv[0]);
533                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-values") == 0) {
534                    bundle.setValues(true);
535                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-include-meta-data") == 0) {
536                    bundle.setIncludeMetaData(true);
537                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-custom-package") == 0) {
538                    argc--;
539                    argv++;
540                    if (!argc) {
541                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--custom-package' option\n");
542                        wantUsage = true;
543                        goto bail;
544                    }
545                    bundle.setCustomPackage(argv[0]);
546                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-extra-packages") == 0) {
547                    argc--;
548                    argv++;
549                    if (!argc) {
550                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--extra-packages' option\n");
551                        wantUsage = true;
552                        goto bail;
553                    }
554                    bundle.setExtraPackages(argv[0]);
555                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-generate-dependencies") == 0) {
556                    bundle.setGenDependencies(true);
557                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-utf16") == 0) {
558                    bundle.setWantUTF16(true);
559                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-preferred-configurations") == 0) {
560                    argc--;
561                    argv++;
562                    if (!argc) {
563                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--preferred-configurations' option\n");
564                        wantUsage = true;
565                        goto bail;
566                    }
567                    bundle.addPreferredConfigurations(argv[0]);
568                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-rename-manifest-package") == 0) {
569                    argc--;
570                    argv++;
571                    if (!argc) {
572                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--rename-manifest-package' option\n");
573                        wantUsage = true;
574                        goto bail;
575                    }
576                    bundle.setManifestPackageNameOverride(argv[0]);
577                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-rename-instrumentation-target-package") == 0) {
578                    argc--;
579                    argv++;
580                    if (!argc) {
581                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--rename-instrumentation-target-package' option\n");
582                        wantUsage = true;
583                        goto bail;
584                    }
585                    bundle.setInstrumentationPackageNameOverride(argv[0]);
586                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-auto-add-overlay") == 0) {
587                    bundle.setAutoAddOverlay(true);
588                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-error-on-failed-insert") == 0) {
589                    bundle.setErrorOnFailedInsert(true);
590                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-output-text-symbols") == 0) {
591                    argc--;
592                    argv++;
593                    if (!argc) {
594                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '-output-text-symbols' option\n");
595                        wantUsage = true;
596                        goto bail;
597                    }
598                    bundle.setOutputTextSymbols(argv[0]);
599                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-product") == 0) {
600                    argc--;
601                    argv++;
602                    if (!argc) {
603                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--product' option\n");
604                        wantUsage = true;
605                        goto bail;
606                    }
607                    bundle.setProduct(argv[0]);
608                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-non-constant-id") == 0) {
609                    bundle.setNonConstantId(true);
610                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-no-crunch") == 0) {
611                    bundle.setUseCrunchCache(true);
612                } else if (strcmp(cp, "-ignore-assets") == 0) {
613                    argc--;
614                    argv++;
615                    if (!argc) {
616                        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No argument supplied for '--ignore-assets' option\n");
617                        wantUsage = true;
618                        goto bail;
619                    }
620                    gUserIgnoreAssets = argv[0];
621                } else {
622                    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Unknown option '-%s'\n", cp);
623                    wantUsage = true;
624                    goto bail;
625                }
626                cp += strlen(cp) - 1;
627                break;
628            default:
629                fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Unknown flag '-%c'\n", *cp);
630                wantUsage = true;
631                goto bail;
632            }
633
634            cp++;
635        }
636        argc--;
637        argv++;
638    }
639
640    /*
641     * We're past the flags.  The rest all goes straight in.
642     */
643    bundle.setFileSpec(argv, argc);
644
645    result = handleCommand(&bundle);
646
647bail:
648    if (wantUsage) {
649        usage();
650        result = 2;
651    }
652
653    //printf("--> returning %d\n", result);
654    return result;
655}
656