1/* 2******************************************************************************* 3* 4* Copyright (C) 2000-2014, International Business Machines 5* Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved. 6* 7******************************************************************************* 8* file name: ustring.c 9* encoding: US-ASCII 10* tab size: 8 (not used) 11* indentation:4 12* 13* created on: 2000aug15 14* created by: Markus W. Scherer 15* 16* This file contains sample code that illustrates the use of Unicode strings 17* with ICU. 18*/ 19 20#include <stdio.h> 21#include "unicode/utypes.h" 22#include "unicode/uchar.h" 23#include "unicode/locid.h" 24#include "unicode/ustring.h" 25#include "unicode/ucnv.h" 26#include "unicode/unistr.h" 27 28// helper functions -------------------------------------------------------- *** 29 30// default converter for the platform encoding 31static UConverter *cnv=NULL; 32 33static void 34printUString(const char *announce, const UChar *s, int32_t length) { 35 static char out[200]; 36 UChar32 c; 37 int32_t i; 38 UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 39 40 /* 41 * Convert to the "platform encoding". See notes in printUnicodeString(). 42 * ucnv_fromUChars(), like most ICU APIs understands length==-1 43 * to mean that the string is NUL-terminated. 44 */ 45 ucnv_fromUChars(cnv, out, sizeof(out), s, length, &errorCode); 46 if(U_FAILURE(errorCode) || errorCode==U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) { 47 printf("%sproblem converting string from Unicode: %s\n", announce, u_errorName(errorCode)); 48 return; 49 } 50 51 printf("%s%s {", announce, out); 52 53 /* output the code points (not code units) */ 54 if(length>=0) { 55 /* s is not NUL-terminated */ 56 for(i=0; i<length; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 57 U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c); 58 printf(" %04x", c); 59 } 60 } else { 61 /* s is NUL-terminated */ 62 for(i=0; /* condition in loop body */; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 63 U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c); 64 if(c==0) { 65 break; 66 } 67 printf(" %04x", c); 68 } 69 } 70 printf(" }\n"); 71} 72 73static void 74printUnicodeString(const char *announce, const UnicodeString &s) { 75 static char out[200]; 76 int32_t i, length; 77 78 // output the string, converted to the platform encoding 79 80 // Note for Windows: The "platform encoding" defaults to the "ANSI codepage", 81 // which is different from the "OEM codepage" in the console window. 82 // However, if you pipe the output into a file and look at it with Notepad 83 // or similar, then "ANSI" characters will show correctly. 84 // Production code should be aware of what encoding is required, 85 // and use a UConverter or at least a charset name explicitly. 86 out[s.extract(0, 99, out)]=0; 87 printf("%s%s {", announce, out); 88 89 // output the code units (not code points) 90 length=s.length(); 91 for(i=0; i<length; ++i) { 92 printf(" %04x", s.charAt(i)); 93 } 94 printf(" }\n"); 95} 96 97// sample code for utf.h macros -------------------------------------------- *** 98 99static void 100demo_utf_h_macros() { 101 static UChar input[]={ 0x0061, 0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdbff, 0xdfff, 0x0062 }; 102 UChar32 c; 103 int32_t i; 104 UBool isError; 105 106 printf("\n* demo_utf_h_macros() -------------- ***\n\n"); 107 108 printUString("iterate forward through: ", input, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input)); 109 for(i=0; i<UPRV_LENGTHOF(input); /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 110 /* Iterating forwards 111 Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061 112 Codepoint at offset 1: U+10000 113 Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff 114 Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062 115 */ 116 printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+", i); 117 U16_NEXT(input, i, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input), c); 118 printf("%04x\n", c); 119 } 120 121 puts(""); 122 123 isError=FALSE; 124 i=1; /* write position, gets post-incremented so needs to be in an l-value */ 125 U16_APPEND(input, i, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input), 0x0062, isError); 126 127 printUString("iterate backward through: ", input, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input)); 128 for(i=UPRV_LENGTHOF(input); i>0; /* U16_PREV pre-decrements */) { 129 U16_PREV(input, 0, i, c); 130 /* Iterating backwards 131 Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062 132 Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff 133 Codepoint at offset 2: U+dc00 -- unpaired surrogate because lead surr. overwritten 134 Codepoint at offset 1: U+0062 -- by this BMP code point 135 Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061 136 */ 137 printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+%04x\n", i, c); 138 } 139} 140 141// sample code for Unicode strings in C ------------------------------------ *** 142 143static void demo_C_Unicode_strings() { 144 printf("\n* demo_C_Unicode_strings() --------- ***\n\n"); 145 146 static const UChar text[]={ 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0 }; /* "ABC" */ 147 static const UChar appendText[]={ 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0 }; /* "abc" */ 148 static const UChar cmpText[]={ 0x61, 0x53, 0x73, 0x43, 0 }; /* "aSsC" */ 149 UChar buffer[32]; 150 int32_t compare; 151 int32_t length=u_strlen(text); /* length=3 */ 152 153 /* simple ANSI C-style functions */ 154 buffer[0]=0; /* empty, NUL-terminated string */ 155 u_strncat(buffer, text, 1); /* append just n=1 character ('A') */ 156 u_strcat(buffer, appendText); /* buffer=="Aabc" */ 157 length=u_strlen(buffer); /* length=4 */ 158 printUString("should be \"Aabc\": ", buffer, -1); 159 160 /* bitwise comparing buffer with text */ 161 compare=u_strcmp(buffer, text); 162 if(compare<=0) { 163 printf("String comparison error, expected \"Aabc\" > \"ABC\"\n"); 164 } 165 166 /* Build "A<sharp s>C" in the buffer... */ 167 u_strcpy(buffer, text); 168 buffer[1]=0xdf; /* sharp s, case-compares equal to "ss" */ 169 printUString("should be \"A<sharp s>C\": ", buffer, -1); 170 171 /* Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding */ 172 compare=u_strcasecmp(buffer, cmpText, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT); 173 if(compare!=0) { 174 printf("String case insensitive comparison error, expected \"AbC\" to be equal to \"ABC\"\n"); 175 } 176} 177 178// sample code for case mappings with C APIs -------------------------------- *** 179 180static void demoCaseMapInC() { 181 /* 182 * input= 183 * "aB<capital sigma>" 184 * "iI<small dotless i><capital dotted I> " 185 * "<sharp s> <small lig. ffi>" 186 * "<small final sigma><small sigma><capital sigma>" 187 */ 188 static const UChar input[]={ 189 0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3, 190 0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20, 191 0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03, 192 0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0 193 }; 194 UChar buffer[32]; 195 196 UErrorCode errorCode; 197 UChar32 c; 198 int32_t i, j, length; 199 UBool isError; 200 201 printf("\n* demoCaseMapInC() ----------------- ***\n\n"); 202 203 /* 204 * First, use simple case mapping functions which provide 205 * 1:1 code point mappings without context/locale ID. 206 * 207 * Note that some mappings will not be "right" because some "real" 208 * case mappings require context, depend on the locale ID, 209 * and/or result in a change in the number of code points. 210 */ 211 printUString("input string: ", input, -1); 212 213 /* uppercase */ 214 isError=FALSE; 215 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 216 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ 217 if(c==0) { 218 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ 219 } 220 c=u_toupper(c); 221 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); 222 } 223 printUString("simple-uppercased: ", buffer, j); 224 /* lowercase */ 225 isError=FALSE; 226 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 227 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ 228 if(c==0) { 229 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ 230 } 231 c=u_tolower(c); 232 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); 233 } 234 printUString("simple-lowercased: ", buffer, j); 235 /* titlecase */ 236 isError=FALSE; 237 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 238 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ 239 if(c==0) { 240 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ 241 } 242 c=u_totitle(c); 243 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); 244 } 245 printUString("simple-titlecased: ", buffer, j); 246 /* case-fold/default */ 247 isError=FALSE; 248 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 249 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ 250 if(c==0) { 251 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ 252 } 253 c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT); 254 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); 255 } 256 printUString("simple-case-folded/default: ", buffer, j); 257 /* case-fold/Turkic */ 258 isError=FALSE; 259 for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { 260 U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ 261 if(c==0) { 262 break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ 263 } 264 c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I); 265 U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); 266 } 267 printUString("simple-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, j); 268 269 /* 270 * Second, use full case mapping functions which provide 271 * 1:n code point mappings (n can be 0!) and are sensitive to context and locale ID. 272 * 273 * Note that lower/upper/titlecasing take a locale ID while case-folding 274 * has bit flag options instead, by design of the Unicode SpecialCasing.txt UCD file. 275 * 276 * Also, string titlecasing requires a BreakIterator to find starts of words. 277 * The sample code here passes in a NULL pointer; u_strToTitle() will open and close a default 278 * titlecasing BreakIterator automatically. 279 * For production code where many strings are titlecased it would be more efficient 280 * to open a BreakIterator externally and pass it in. 281 */ 282 printUString("\ninput string: ", input, -1); 283 284 /* lowercase/English */ 285 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 286 length=u_strToLower(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode); 287 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 288 printUString("full-lowercased/en: ", buffer, length); 289 } else { 290 printf("error in u_strToLower(en)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 291 } 292 /* lowercase/Turkish */ 293 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 294 length=u_strToLower(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode); 295 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 296 printUString("full-lowercased/tr: ", buffer, length); 297 } else { 298 printf("error in u_strToLower(tr)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 299 } 300 /* uppercase/English */ 301 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 302 length=u_strToUpper(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode); 303 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 304 printUString("full-uppercased/en: ", buffer, length); 305 } else { 306 printf("error in u_strToUpper(en)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 307 } 308 /* uppercase/Turkish */ 309 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 310 length=u_strToUpper(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode); 311 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 312 printUString("full-uppercased/tr: ", buffer, length); 313 } else { 314 printf("error in u_strToUpper(tr)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 315 } 316 /* titlecase/English */ 317 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 318 length=u_strToTitle(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "en", &errorCode); 319 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 320 printUString("full-titlecased/en: ", buffer, length); 321 } else { 322 printf("error in u_strToTitle(en)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 323 } 324 /* titlecase/Turkish */ 325 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 326 length=u_strToTitle(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "tr", &errorCode); 327 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 328 printUString("full-titlecased/tr: ", buffer, length); 329 } else { 330 printf("error in u_strToTitle(tr)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 331 } 332 /* case-fold/default */ 333 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 334 length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT, &errorCode); 335 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 336 printUString("full-case-folded/default: ", buffer, length); 337 } else { 338 printf("error in u_strFoldCase(default)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 339 } 340 /* case-fold/Turkic */ 341 errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 342 length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I, &errorCode); 343 if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { 344 printUString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, length); 345 } else { 346 printf("error in u_strFoldCase(Turkic)=%ld error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); 347 } 348} 349 350// sample code for case mappings with C++ APIs ------------------------------ *** 351 352static void demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() { 353 /* 354 * input= 355 * "aB<capital sigma>" 356 * "iI<small dotless i><capital dotted I> " 357 * "<sharp s> <small lig. ffi>" 358 * "<small final sigma><small sigma><capital sigma>" 359 */ 360 static const UChar input[]={ 361 0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3, 362 0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20, 363 0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03, 364 0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0 365 }; 366 367 printf("\n* demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() --------- ***\n\n"); 368 369 UnicodeString s(input), t; 370 const Locale &en=Locale::getEnglish(); 371 Locale tr("tr"); 372 373 /* 374 * Full case mappings as in demoCaseMapInC(), using UnicodeString functions. 375 * These functions modify the string object itself. 376 * Since we want to keep the input string around, we copy it each time 377 * and case-map the copy. 378 */ 379 printUnicodeString("input string: ", s); 380 381 /* lowercase/English */ 382 printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/en: ", (t=s).toLower(en)); 383 /* lowercase/Turkish */ 384 printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/tr: ", (t=s).toLower(tr)); 385 /* uppercase/English */ 386 printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/en: ", (t=s).toUpper(en)); 387 /* uppercase/Turkish */ 388 printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/tr: ", (t=s).toUpper(tr)); 389 /* titlecase/English */ 390 printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/en: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, en)); 391 /* titlecase/Turkish */ 392 printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/tr: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, tr)); 393 /* case-folde/default */ 394 printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/default: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT)); 395 /* case-folde/Turkic */ 396 printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I)); 397} 398 399// sample code for UnicodeString storage models ----------------------------- *** 400 401static const UChar readonly[]={ 402 0x61, 0x31, 0x20ac 403}; 404static UChar writeable[]={ 405 0x62, 0x32, 0xdbc0, 0xdc01 // includes a surrogate pair for a supplementary code point 406}; 407static char out[100]; 408 409static void 410demoUnicodeStringStorage() { 411 // These sample code lines illustrate how to use UnicodeString, and the 412 // comments tell what happens internally. There are no APIs to observe 413 // most of this programmatically, except for stepping into the code 414 // with a debugger. 415 // This is by design to hide such details from the user. 416 int32_t i; 417 418 printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringStorage() ------- ***\n\n"); 419 420 // * UnicodeString with internally stored contents 421 // instantiate a UnicodeString from a single code point 422 // the few (2) UChars will be stored in the object itself 423 UnicodeString one((UChar32)0x24001); 424 // this copies the few UChars into the "two" object 425 UnicodeString two=one; 426 printf("length of short string copy: %d\n", two.length()); 427 // set "one" to contain the 3 UChars from readonly 428 // this setTo() variant copies the characters 429 one.setTo(readonly, UPRV_LENGTHOF(readonly)); 430 431 // * UnicodeString with allocated contents 432 // build a longer string that will not fit into the object's buffer 433 one+=UnicodeString(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); 434 one+=one; 435 one+=one; 436 printf("length of longer string: %d\n", one.length()); 437 // copying will use the same allocated buffer and increment the reference 438 // counter 439 two=one; 440 printf("length of longer string copy: %d\n", two.length()); 441 442 // * UnicodeString using readonly-alias to a const UChar array 443 // construct a string that aliases a readonly buffer 444 UnicodeString three(FALSE, readonly, UPRV_LENGTHOF(readonly)); 445 printUnicodeString("readonly-alias string: ", three); 446 // copy-on-write: any modification to the string results in 447 // a copy to either the internal buffer or to a newly allocated one 448 three.setCharAt(1, 0x39); 449 printUnicodeString("readonly-aliasing string after modification: ", three); 450 // the aliased array is not modified 451 for(i=0; i<three.length(); ++i) { 452 printf("readonly buffer[%d] after modifying its string: 0x%lx\n", 453 i, readonly[i]); 454 } 455 // setTo() readonly alias 456 one.setTo(FALSE, writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); 457 // copying the readonly-alias object with fastCopyFrom() (new in ICU 2.4) 458 // will readonly-alias the same buffer 459 two.fastCopyFrom(one); 460 printUnicodeString("fastCopyFrom(readonly alias of \"writeable\" array): ", two); 461 printf("verify that a fastCopyFrom(readonly alias) uses the same buffer pointer: %d (should be 1)\n", 462 one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer()); 463 // a normal assignment will clone the contents (new in ICU 2.4) 464 two=one; 465 printf("verify that a regular copy of a readonly alias uses a different buffer pointer: %d (should be 0)\n", 466 one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer()); 467 468 // * UnicodeString using writeable-alias to a non-const UChar array 469 UnicodeString four(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable), UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); 470 printUnicodeString("writeable-alias string: ", four); 471 // a modification writes through to the buffer 472 four.setCharAt(1, 0x39); 473 for(i=0; i<four.length(); ++i) { 474 printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%lx " 475 "after modification\n", i, writeable[i]); 476 } 477 // a copy will not alias any more; 478 // instead, it will get a copy of the contents into allocated memory 479 two=four; 480 two.setCharAt(1, 0x21); 481 for(i=0; i<two.length(); ++i) { 482 printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%lx after " 483 "modification of string copy\n", i, writeable[i]); 484 } 485 // setTo() writeable alias, capacity==length 486 one.setTo(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable), UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); 487 // grow the string - it will not fit into the backing buffer any more 488 // and will get copied before modification 489 one.append((UChar)0x40); 490 // shrink it back so it would fit 491 one.truncate(one.length()-1); 492 // we still operate on the copy 493 one.setCharAt(1, 0x25); 494 printf("string after growing too much and then shrinking[1]=0x%lx\n" 495 " backing store for this[1]=0x%lx\n", 496 one.charAt(1), writeable[1]); 497 // if we need it in the original buffer, then extract() to it 498 // extract() does not do anything if the string aliases that same buffer 499 // i=min(one.length(), length of array) 500 if(one.length()<UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)) { 501 i=one.length(); 502 } else { 503 i=UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable); 504 } 505 one.extract(0, i, writeable); 506 for(i=0; i<UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable); ++i) { 507 printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%lx after re-extract\n", 508 i, writeable[i]); 509 } 510} 511 512// sample code for UnicodeString instantiations ----------------------------- *** 513 514static void 515demoUnicodeStringInit() { 516 // *** Make sure to read about invariant characters in utypes.h! *** 517 // Initialization of Unicode strings from C literals works _only_ for 518 // invariant characters! 519 520 printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringInit() ---------- ***\n\n"); 521 522 // the string literal is 32 chars long - this must be counted for the macro 523 UnicodeString invariantOnly=UNICODE_STRING("such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32); 524 525 /* 526 * In C, we need two macros: one to declare the UChar[] array, and 527 * one to populate it; the second one is a noop on platforms where 528 * wchar_t is compatible with UChar and ASCII-based. 529 * The length of the string literal must be counted for both macros. 530 */ 531 /* declare the invString array for the string */ 532 U_STRING_DECL(invString, "such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32); 533 /* populate it with the characters */ 534 U_STRING_INIT(invString, "such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32); 535 536 // compare the C and C++ strings 537 printf("C and C++ Unicode strings are equal: %d\n", invariantOnly==UnicodeString(TRUE, invString, 32)); 538 539 /* 540 * convert between char * and UChar * strings that 541 * contain only invariant characters 542 */ 543 static const char *cs1="such characters are safe 123 %-."; 544 static UChar us1[40]; 545 static char cs2[40]; 546 u_charsToUChars(cs1, us1, 33); /* include the terminating NUL */ 547 u_UCharsToChars(us1, cs2, 33); 548 printf("char * -> UChar * -> char * with only " 549 "invariant characters: \"%s\"\n", 550 cs2); 551 552 // initialize a UnicodeString from a string literal that contains 553 // escape sequences written with invariant characters 554 // do not forget to duplicate the backslashes for ICU to see them 555 // then, count each double backslash only once! 556 UnicodeString german=UNICODE_STRING( 557 "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n", 64). 558 unescape(); 559 printUnicodeString("german UnicodeString from unescaping:\n ", german); 560 561 /* 562 * C: convert and unescape a char * string with only invariant 563 * characters to fill a UChar * string 564 */ 565 UChar buffer[200]; 566 int32_t length; 567 length=u_unescape( 568 "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n", 569 buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer)); 570 printf("german C Unicode string from char * unescaping: (length %d)\n ", length); 571 printUnicodeString("", UnicodeString(buffer)); 572} 573 574extern int 575main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { 576 UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; 577 578 // Note: Using a global variable for any object is not exactly thread-safe... 579 580 // You can change this call to e.g. ucnv_open("UTF-8", &errorCode) if you pipe 581 // the output to a file and look at it with a Unicode-capable editor. 582 // This will currently affect only the printUString() function, see the code above. 583 // printUnicodeString() could use this, too, by changing to an extract() overload 584 // that takes a UConverter argument. 585 cnv=ucnv_open(NULL, &errorCode); 586 if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) { 587 fprintf(stderr, "error %s opening the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode)); 588 return errorCode; 589 } 590 591 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(cnv, UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE, UCNV_ESCAPE_C, NULL, NULL, &errorCode); 592 if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) { 593 fprintf(stderr, "error %s setting the escape callback in the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode)); 594 ucnv_close(cnv); 595 return errorCode; 596 } 597 598 demo_utf_h_macros(); 599 demo_C_Unicode_strings(); 600 demoCaseMapInC(); 601 demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus(); 602 demoUnicodeStringStorage(); 603 demoUnicodeStringInit(); 604 605 ucnv_close(cnv); 606 return 0; 607} 608