tri.c revision e40997436d904c5cdf437bb59eb95d0a2a3d3b35 
1/*
2 * Vulkan
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2014-2015 LunarG, Inc.
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
7 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
8 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
9 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
10 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
11 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
14 * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 *
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
21 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
22 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
23 */
24/*
25 * Draw a textured triangle with depth testing.  This is written against Intel
26 * ICD.  It does not do state transition nor object memory binding like it
27 * should.  It also does no error checking.
28 */
29
30#include <stdio.h>
31#include <stdlib.h>
32#include <string.h>
33#include <stdbool.h>
34#include <assert.h>
35
36#ifdef _WIN32
37#pragma comment(linker, "/subsystem:windows")
38#include <windows.h>
39#define APP_NAME_STR_LEN 80
40#else  // _WIN32
41#include <xcb/xcb.h>
42#endif // _WIN32
43
44#include <vulkan.h>
45#include "vk_debug_report_lunarg.h"
46#include <vk_ext_khr_swapchain.h>
47#include <vk_ext_khr_device_swapchain.h>
48
49#include "icd-spv.h"
50
51#define DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT 1
52#define VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID 0
53#define APP_SHORT_NAME "tri"
54#define APP_LONG_NAME "The Vulkan Triangle Demo Program"
55
56#define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
57
58#if defined(NDEBUG) && defined(__GNUC__)
59#define U_ASSERT_ONLY __attribute__((unused))
60#else
61#define U_ASSERT_ONLY
62#endif
63
64#ifdef _WIN32
65#define ERR_EXIT(err_msg, err_class)                    \
66    do {                                                \
67        MessageBox(NULL, err_msg, err_class, MB_OK);    \
68        exit(1);                                        \
69   } while (0)
70#else  // _WIN32
71
72#define ERR_EXIT(err_msg, err_class)                    \
73    do {                                                \
74        printf(err_msg);                                \
75        fflush(stdout);                                 \
76        exit(1);                                        \
77   } while (0)
78#endif // _WIN32
79
80#define GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(inst, entrypoint)                        \
81{                                                                       \
82    demo->fp##entrypoint = (PFN_vk##entrypoint) vkGetInstanceProcAddr(inst, "vk"#entrypoint); \
83    if (demo->fp##entrypoint == NULL) {                                 \
84        ERR_EXIT("vkGetInstanceProcAddr failed to find vk"#entrypoint,  \
85                 "vkGetInstanceProcAddr Failure");                      \
86    }                                                                   \
87}
88
89#define GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(dev, entrypoint)                           \
90{                                                                       \
91    demo->fp##entrypoint = (PFN_vk##entrypoint) vkGetDeviceProcAddr(dev, "vk"#entrypoint);   \
92    if (demo->fp##entrypoint == NULL) {                                 \
93        ERR_EXIT("vkGetDeviceProcAddr failed to find vk"#entrypoint,    \
94                 "vkGetDeviceProcAddr Failure");                        \
95    }                                                                   \
96}
97
98struct texture_object {
99    VkSampler sampler;
100
101    VkImage image;
102    VkImageLayout imageLayout;
103
104    VkDeviceMemory mem;
105    VkImageView view;
106    int32_t tex_width, tex_height;
107};
108
109VkBool32 dbgFunc(
110    VkFlags                             msgFlags,
111    VkDbgObjectType                     objType,
112    uint64_t                            srcObject,
113    size_t                              location,
114    int32_t                             msgCode,
115    const char*                         pLayerPrefix,
116    const char*                         pMsg,
117    void*                               pUserData)
118{
119    char *message = (char *) malloc(strlen(pMsg)+100);
120
121    assert (message);
122
123    if (msgFlags & VK_DBG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT) {
124        sprintf(message,"ERROR: [%s] Code %d : %s", pLayerPrefix, msgCode, pMsg);
125    } else if (msgFlags & VK_DBG_REPORT_WARN_BIT) {
126        sprintf(message,"WARNING: [%s] Code %d : %s", pLayerPrefix, msgCode, pMsg);
127    } else {
128        return false;
129    }
130
131#ifdef _WIN32
132    MessageBox(NULL, message, "Alert", MB_OK);
133#else
134    printf("%s\n",message);
135    fflush(stdout);
136#endif
137    free(message);
138
139    /*
140     * false indicates that layer should not bail-out of an
141     * API call that had validation failures. This may mean that the
142     * app dies inside the driver due to invalid parameter(s).
143     * That's what would happen without validation layers, so we'll
144     * keep that behavior here.
145     */
146    return false;
147}
148
149typedef struct _SwapchainBuffers {
150    VkImage image;
151    VkCmdBuffer cmd;
152    VkImageView view;
153} SwapchainBuffers;
154
155struct demo {
156#ifdef _WIN32
157#define APP_NAME_STR_LEN 80
158    HINSTANCE connection;        // hInstance - Windows Instance
159    char name[APP_NAME_STR_LEN]; // Name to put on the window/icon
160    HWND        window;          // hWnd - window handle
161#else  // _WIN32
162    xcb_connection_t *connection;
163    xcb_screen_t *screen;
164    xcb_window_t window;
165    xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *atom_wm_delete_window;
166    VkPlatformHandleXcbKHR platform_handle_xcb;
167#endif // _WIN32
168	bool prepared;
169    bool use_staging_buffer;
170    bool use_glsl;
171
172    VkInstance inst;
173    VkPhysicalDevice gpu;
174    VkDevice device;
175    VkQueue queue;
176    VkPhysicalDeviceProperties gpu_props;
177    VkQueueFamilyProperties *queue_props;
178    uint32_t graphics_queue_node_index;
179
180    int width, height;
181    VkFormat format;
182    VkColorSpaceKHR color_space;
183
184    PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR;
185    PFN_vkGetSurfacePropertiesKHR fpGetSurfacePropertiesKHR;
186    PFN_vkGetSurfaceFormatsKHR fpGetSurfaceFormatsKHR;
187    PFN_vkGetSurfacePresentModesKHR fpGetSurfacePresentModesKHR;
188    PFN_vkCreateSwapchainKHR fpCreateSwapchainKHR;
189    PFN_vkDestroySwapchainKHR fpDestroySwapchainKHR;
190    PFN_vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR fpGetSwapchainImagesKHR;
191    PFN_vkAcquireNextImageKHR fpAcquireNextImageKHR;
192    PFN_vkQueuePresentKHR fpQueuePresentKHR;
193    VkSurfaceDescriptionWindowKHR surface_description;
194    uint32_t swapchainImageCount;
195    VkSwapchainKHR swap_chain;
196    SwapchainBuffers *buffers;
197
198    VkCmdPool cmd_pool;
199
200    struct {
201        VkFormat format;
202
203        VkImage image;
204        VkDeviceMemory mem;
205        VkImageView view;
206    } depth;
207
208    struct texture_object textures[DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT];
209
210    struct {
211        VkBuffer buf;
212        VkDeviceMemory mem;
213
214        VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vi;
215        VkVertexInputBindingDescription vi_bindings[1];
216        VkVertexInputAttributeDescription vi_attrs[2];
217    } vertices;
218
219    VkCmdBuffer setup_cmd;  // Command Buffer for initialization commands
220    VkCmdBuffer draw_cmd;  // Command Buffer for drawing commands
221    VkPipelineLayout pipeline_layout;
222    VkDescriptorSetLayout desc_layout;
223    VkPipelineCache pipelineCache;
224    VkRenderPass render_pass;
225    VkPipeline pipeline;
226
227    VkShaderModule vert_shader_module;
228    VkShaderModule frag_shader_module;
229
230    VkDescriptorPool desc_pool;
231    VkDescriptorSet desc_set;
232
233    VkFramebuffer *framebuffers;
234
235    VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memory_properties;
236
237    bool validate;
238    PFN_vkDbgCreateMsgCallback dbgCreateMsgCallback;
239    PFN_vkDbgDestroyMsgCallback dbgDestroyMsgCallback;
240    VkDbgMsgCallback msg_callback;
241
242    float depthStencil;
243    float depthIncrement;
244
245    bool quit;
246    uint32_t current_buffer;
247    uint32_t queue_count;
248};
249
250static bool memory_type_from_properties(struct demo *demo, uint32_t typeBits, VkFlags requirements_mask, uint32_t *typeIndex)
251{
252     // Search memtypes to find first index with those properties
253     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
254         if ((typeBits & 1) == 1) {
255             // Type is available, does it match user properties?
256             if ((demo->memory_properties.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags & requirements_mask) == requirements_mask) {
257                 *typeIndex = i;
258                 return true;
259             }
260         }
261         typeBits >>= 1;
262     }
263     // No memory types matched, return failure
264     return false;
265}
266
267static void demo_flush_init_cmd(struct demo *demo)
268{
269    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
270
271    if (demo->setup_cmd == VK_NULL_HANDLE)
272        return;
273
274    err = vkEndCommandBuffer(demo->setup_cmd);
275    assert(!err);
276
277    const VkCmdBuffer cmd_bufs[] = { demo->setup_cmd };
278    VkFence nullFence = {VK_NULL_HANDLE};
279    VkSubmitInfo submit_info = {
280        .waitSemCount = 0,
281        .pWaitSemaphores = NULL,
282        .cmdBufferCount = 1,
283        .pCommandBuffers = cmd_bufs,
284        .signalSemCount = 0,
285        .pSignalSemaphores = NULL
286    };
287
288    err = vkQueueSubmit(demo->queue, 1, &submit_info, nullFence);
289    assert(!err);
290
291    err = vkQueueWaitIdle(demo->queue);
292    assert(!err);
293
294    vkDestroyCommandBuffer(demo->device, demo->setup_cmd);
295    demo->setup_cmd = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
296}
297
298static void demo_set_image_layout(
299        struct demo *demo,
300        VkImage image,
301        VkImageAspectFlags aspectMask,
302        VkImageLayout old_image_layout,
303        VkImageLayout new_image_layout)
304{
305    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
306
307    if (demo->setup_cmd == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
308        const VkCmdBufferCreateInfo cmd = {
309            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CMD_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
310            .pNext = NULL,
311            .cmdPool = demo->cmd_pool,
312            .level = VK_CMD_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
313            .flags = 0,
314        };
315
316        err = vkCreateCommandBuffer(demo->device, &cmd, &demo->setup_cmd);
317        assert(!err);
318
319        VkCmdBufferBeginInfo cmd_buf_info = {
320            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CMD_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO,
321            .pNext = NULL,
322            .flags = 0,
323            .renderPass = { VK_NULL_HANDLE },
324            .subpass = 0,
325            .framebuffer = { VK_NULL_HANDLE },
326        };
327        err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(demo->setup_cmd, &cmd_buf_info);
328        assert(!err);
329    }
330
331    VkImageMemoryBarrier image_memory_barrier = {
332        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
333        .pNext = NULL,
334        .outputMask = 0,
335        .inputMask = 0,
336        .oldLayout = old_image_layout,
337        .newLayout = new_image_layout,
338        .image = image,
339        .subresourceRange = { aspectMask, 0, 1, 0, 0 }
340    };
341
342    if (new_image_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DESTINATION_OPTIMAL) {
343        /* Make sure anything that was copying from this image has completed */
344        image_memory_barrier.inputMask = VK_MEMORY_INPUT_TRANSFER_BIT;
345    }
346
347    if (new_image_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL) {
348        /* Make sure any Copy or CPU writes to image are flushed */
349        image_memory_barrier.outputMask = VK_MEMORY_OUTPUT_TRANSFER_BIT | VK_MEMORY_OUTPUT_HOST_WRITE_BIT;
350    }
351
352    VkImageMemoryBarrier *pmemory_barrier = &image_memory_barrier;
353
354    VkPipelineStageFlags src_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT;
355    VkPipelineStageFlags dest_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT;
356
357    vkCmdPipelineBarrier(demo->setup_cmd, src_stages, dest_stages, false, 1, (const void * const*)&pmemory_barrier);
358}
359
360static void demo_draw_build_cmd(struct demo *demo)
361{
362    const VkCmdBufferBeginInfo cmd_buf_info = {
363        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CMD_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO,
364        .pNext = NULL,
365        .flags = 0,
366        .renderPass = { VK_NULL_HANDLE },
367        .subpass = 0,
368        .framebuffer = { VK_NULL_HANDLE },
369    };
370    const VkClearValue clear_values[2] = {
371        [0] = { .color.float32 = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f } },
372        [1] = { .depthStencil = { demo->depthStencil, 0 } },
373    };
374    const VkRenderPassBeginInfo rp_begin = {
375        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO,
376        .pNext = NULL,
377        .renderPass = demo->render_pass,
378        .framebuffer = demo->framebuffers[demo->current_buffer],
379        .renderArea.offset.x = 0,
380        .renderArea.offset.y = 0,
381        .renderArea.extent.width = demo->width,
382        .renderArea.extent.height = demo->height,
383        .clearValueCount = 2,
384        .pClearValues = clear_values,
385    };
386    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
387
388    err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(demo->draw_cmd, &cmd_buf_info);
389    assert(!err);
390
391    vkCmdBeginRenderPass(demo->draw_cmd, &rp_begin, VK_RENDER_PASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
392    vkCmdBindPipeline(demo->draw_cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
393                                  demo->pipeline);
394    vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(demo->draw_cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, demo->pipeline_layout,
395            0, 1, & demo->desc_set, 0, NULL);
396
397    VkViewport viewport;
398    memset(&viewport, 0, sizeof(viewport));
399    viewport.height = (float) demo->height;
400    viewport.width = (float) demo->width;
401    viewport.minDepth = (float) 0.0f;
402    viewport.maxDepth = (float) 1.0f;
403    vkCmdSetViewport(demo->draw_cmd, 1, &viewport);
404
405    VkRect2D scissor;
406    memset(&scissor, 0, sizeof(scissor));
407    scissor.extent.width = demo->width;
408    scissor.extent.height = demo->height;
409    scissor.offset.x = 0;
410    scissor.offset.y = 0;
411    vkCmdSetScissor(demo->draw_cmd, 1, &scissor);
412
413    VkDeviceSize offsets[1] = {0};
414    vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(demo->draw_cmd, VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID, 1, &demo->vertices.buf, offsets);
415
416    vkCmdDraw(demo->draw_cmd, 3, 1, 0, 0);
417    vkCmdEndRenderPass(demo->draw_cmd);
418
419    VkImageMemoryBarrier prePresentBarrier = {
420        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
421        .pNext = NULL,
422        .outputMask = VK_MEMORY_OUTPUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT,
423        .inputMask = 0,
424        .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
425        .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SOURCE_KHR,
426        .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
427        .destQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
428        .subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 }
429    };
430
431    prePresentBarrier.image = demo->buffers[demo->current_buffer].image;
432    VkImageMemoryBarrier *pmemory_barrier = &prePresentBarrier;
433    vkCmdPipelineBarrier(demo->draw_cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_GPU_COMMANDS, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT,
434                         VK_FALSE, 1, (const void * const*)&pmemory_barrier);
435
436    err = vkEndCommandBuffer(demo->draw_cmd);
437    assert(!err);
438}
439
440static void demo_draw(struct demo *demo)
441{
442    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
443    VkSemaphore presentCompleteSemaphore;
444    VkSemaphoreCreateInfo presentCompleteSemaphoreCreateInfo = {
445        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO,
446        .pNext = NULL,
447        .flags = 0,
448    };
449
450    err = vkCreateSemaphore(demo->device,
451                            &presentCompleteSemaphoreCreateInfo,
452                            &presentCompleteSemaphore);
453    assert(!err);
454
455    // Get the index of the next available swapchain image:
456    err = demo->fpAcquireNextImageKHR(demo->device, demo->swap_chain,
457                                      UINT64_MAX,
458                                      presentCompleteSemaphore,
459                                      &demo->current_buffer);
460    // TODO: Deal with the VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR and VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR
461    // return codes
462    assert(!err);
463
464    // Assume the command buffer has been run on current_buffer before so
465    // we need to set the image layout back to COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL
466    demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->buffers[demo->current_buffer].image,
467                           VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
468                           VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SOURCE_KHR,
469                           VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL);
470    demo_flush_init_cmd(demo);
471
472    // Wait for the present complete semaphore to be signaled to ensure
473    // that the image won't be rendered to until the presentation
474    // engine has fully released ownership to the application, and it is
475    // okay to render to the image.
476
477// FIXME/TODO: DEAL WITH VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SOURCE_KHR
478    demo_draw_build_cmd(demo);
479    VkFence nullFence = { VK_NULL_HANDLE };
480
481    VkSubmitInfo submit_info = {
482        .waitSemCount = 1,
483        .pWaitSemaphores = &presentCompleteSemaphore,
484        .cmdBufferCount = 1,
485        .pCommandBuffers = &demo->draw_cmd,
486        .signalSemCount = 0,
487        .pSignalSemaphores = NULL
488    };
489
490    err = vkQueueSubmit(demo->queue, 1, &submit_info, nullFence);
491    assert(!err);
492
493    VkPresentInfoKHR present = {
494        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR,
495        .pNext = NULL,
496        .swapchainCount = 1,
497        .swapchains = &demo->swap_chain,
498        .imageIndices = &demo->current_buffer,
499    };
500
501// TBD/TODO: SHOULD THE "present" PARAMETER BE "const" IN THE HEADER?
502    err = demo->fpQueuePresentKHR(demo->queue, &present);
503    // TODO: Deal with the VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR and VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR
504    // return codes
505    assert(!err);
506
507    err = vkQueueWaitIdle(demo->queue);
508    assert(err == VK_SUCCESS);
509
510    vkDestroySemaphore(demo->device, presentCompleteSemaphore);
511}
512
513static void demo_prepare_buffers(struct demo *demo)
514{
515    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
516
517    // Check the surface proprties and formats
518    VkSurfacePropertiesKHR surfProperties;
519    err = demo->fpGetSurfacePropertiesKHR(demo->device,
520        (const VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *)&demo->surface_description,
521        &surfProperties);
522    assert(!err);
523
524    uint32_t presentModeCount;
525    err = demo->fpGetSurfacePresentModesKHR(demo->device,
526        (const VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *)&demo->surface_description,
527        &presentModeCount, NULL);
528    assert(!err);
529    VkPresentModeKHR *presentModes =
530        (VkPresentModeKHR *)malloc(presentModeCount * sizeof(VkPresentModeKHR));
531    assert(presentModes);
532    err = demo->fpGetSurfacePresentModesKHR(demo->device,
533        (const VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *)&demo->surface_description,
534        &presentModeCount, presentModes);
535    assert(!err);
536
537    VkExtent2D swapchainExtent;
538    // width and height are either both -1, or both not -1.
539    if (surfProperties.currentExtent.width == -1)
540    {
541        // If the surface size is undefined, the size is set to
542        // the size of the images requested.
543        swapchainExtent.width = demo->width;
544        swapchainExtent.height = demo->height;
545    }
546    else
547    {
548        // If the surface size is defined, the swap chain size must match
549        swapchainExtent = surfProperties.currentExtent;
550    }
551
552    VkPresentModeKHR swapchainPresentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
553
554    // Determine the number of VkImage's to use in the swap chain (we desire to
555    // own only 1 image at a time, besides the images being displayed and
556    // queued for display):
557    uint32_t desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages = surfProperties.minImageCount + 1;
558    if ((surfProperties.maxImageCount > 0) &&
559        (desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages > surfProperties.maxImageCount))
560    {
561        // Application must settle for fewer images than desired:
562        desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages = surfProperties.maxImageCount;
563    }
564
565    VkSurfaceTransformKHR preTransform;
566    if (surfProperties.supportedTransforms & VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_NONE_BIT_KHR) {
567        preTransform = VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_NONE_KHR;
568    } else {
569        preTransform = surfProperties.currentTransform;
570    }
571
572    const VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR swap_chain = {
573        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR,
574        .pNext = NULL,
575        .pSurfaceDescription = (const VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *)&demo->surface_description,
576        .minImageCount = desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages,
577        .imageFormat = demo->format,
578        .imageColorSpace = demo->color_space,
579        .imageExtent = {
580            .width = swapchainExtent.width,
581            .height = swapchainExtent.height,
582        },
583        .imageUsageFlags = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT,
584        .preTransform = preTransform,
585        .imageArraySize = 1,
586        .sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
587        .queueFamilyCount = 0,
588        .pQueueFamilyIndices = NULL,
589        .presentMode = swapchainPresentMode,
590        .oldSwapchain.handle = 0,
591        .clipped = true,
592    };
593    uint32_t i;
594
595    err = demo->fpCreateSwapchainKHR(demo->device, &swap_chain, &demo->swap_chain);
596    assert(!err);
597
598    err = demo->fpGetSwapchainImagesKHR(demo->device, demo->swap_chain,
599                                        &demo->swapchainImageCount, NULL);
600    assert(!err);
601
602    VkImage* swapchainImages =
603        (VkImage*)malloc(demo->swapchainImageCount * sizeof(VkImage));
604    assert(swapchainImages);
605    err = demo->fpGetSwapchainImagesKHR(demo->device, demo->swap_chain,
606                                        &demo->swapchainImageCount,
607                                        swapchainImages);
608    assert(!err);
609
610    demo->buffers = (SwapchainBuffers*)malloc(sizeof(SwapchainBuffers)*demo->swapchainImageCount);
611    assert(demo->buffers);
612
613    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
614        VkImageViewCreateInfo color_attachment_view = {
615            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
616            .pNext = NULL,
617            .format = demo->format,
618            .channels = {
619                .r = VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_R,
620                .g = VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_G,
621                .b = VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_B,
622                .a = VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_A,
623            },
624            .subresourceRange = {
625                .aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
626                .baseMipLevel = 0,
627                .numLevels = 1,
628                .baseArrayLayer = 0,
629                .numLayers = 1
630            },
631            .viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D,
632            .flags = 0,
633        };
634
635        demo->buffers[i].image = swapchainImages[i];
636
637        // Render loop will expect image to have been used before and in VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SOURCE_KHR
638        // layout and will change to COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, so init the image to that state
639        demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->buffers[i].image,
640                               VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
641                               VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
642                               VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SOURCE_KHR);
643
644        color_attachment_view.image = demo->buffers[i].image;
645
646        err = vkCreateImageView(demo->device,
647                &color_attachment_view, &demo->buffers[i].view);
648        assert(!err);
649    }
650
651    demo->current_buffer = 0;
652}
653
654static void demo_prepare_depth(struct demo *demo)
655{
656    const VkFormat depth_format = VK_FORMAT_D16_UNORM;
657    const VkImageCreateInfo image = {
658        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO,
659        .pNext = NULL,
660        .imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D,
661        .format = depth_format,
662        .extent = { demo->width, demo->height, 1 },
663        .mipLevels = 1,
664        .arrayLayers = 1,
665        .samples = 1,
666        .tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL,
667        .usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT,
668        .flags = 0,
669    };
670    VkMemoryAllocInfo mem_alloc = {
671        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO,
672        .pNext = NULL,
673        .allocationSize = 0,
674        .memoryTypeIndex = 0,
675    };
676    VkImageViewCreateInfo view = {
677        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
678        .pNext = NULL,
679        .image.handle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
680        .format = depth_format,
681        .subresourceRange = {
682            .aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT,
683            .baseMipLevel = 0,
684            .numLevels = 1,
685            .baseArrayLayer = 0,
686            .numLayers = 1
687        },
688        .flags = 0,
689        .viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D,
690    };
691
692    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
693    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
694    bool U_ASSERT_ONLY pass;
695
696    demo->depth.format = depth_format;
697
698    /* create image */
699    err = vkCreateImage(demo->device, &image,
700            &demo->depth.image);
701    assert(!err);
702
703    /* get memory requirements for this object */
704    vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(demo->device, demo->depth.image,
705                                       &mem_reqs);
706
707    /* select memory size and type */
708    mem_alloc.allocationSize = mem_reqs.size;
709    pass = memory_type_from_properties(demo,
710                                      mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits,
711                                      0, /* No requirements */
712                                      &mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex);
713    assert(pass);
714
715    /* allocate memory */
716    err = vkAllocMemory(demo->device, &mem_alloc, &demo->depth.mem);
717    assert(!err);
718
719    /* bind memory */
720    err = vkBindImageMemory(demo->device, demo->depth.image,
721                            demo->depth.mem, 0);
722    assert(!err);
723
724    demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->depth.image,
725                           VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT,
726                           VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
727                           VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL);
728
729    /* create image view */
730    view.image = demo->depth.image;
731    err = vkCreateImageView(demo->device, &view, &demo->depth.view);
732    assert(!err);
733}
734
735static void demo_prepare_texture_image(struct demo *demo,
736                                       const uint32_t *tex_colors,
737                                       struct texture_object *tex_obj,
738                                       VkImageTiling tiling,
739                                       VkImageUsageFlags usage,
740                                       VkFlags required_props)
741{
742    const VkFormat tex_format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
743    const int32_t tex_width = 2;
744    const int32_t tex_height = 2;
745    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
746    bool U_ASSERT_ONLY pass;
747
748    tex_obj->tex_width = tex_width;
749    tex_obj->tex_height = tex_height;
750
751    const VkImageCreateInfo image_create_info = {
752        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO,
753        .pNext = NULL,
754        .imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D,
755        .format = tex_format,
756        .extent = { tex_width, tex_height, 1 },
757        .mipLevels = 1,
758        .arrayLayers = 1,
759        .samples = 1,
760        .tiling = tiling,
761        .usage = usage,
762        .flags = 0,
763    };
764    VkMemoryAllocInfo mem_alloc = {
765        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO,
766        .pNext = NULL,
767        .allocationSize = 0,
768        .memoryTypeIndex = 0,
769    };
770
771    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
772
773    err = vkCreateImage(demo->device, &image_create_info,
774            &tex_obj->image);
775    assert(!err);
776
777    vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(demo->device, tex_obj->image, &mem_reqs);
778
779    mem_alloc.allocationSize  = mem_reqs.size;
780    pass = memory_type_from_properties(demo, mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits, required_props, &mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex);
781    assert(pass);
782
783    /* allocate memory */
784    err = vkAllocMemory(demo->device, &mem_alloc, &tex_obj->mem);
785    assert(!err);
786
787    /* bind memory */
788    err = vkBindImageMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->image,
789            tex_obj->mem, 0);
790    assert(!err);
791
792    if (required_props & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT) {
793        const VkImageSubresource subres = {
794            .aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
795            .mipLevel = 0,
796            .arrayLayer = 0,
797        };
798        VkSubresourceLayout layout;
799        void *data;
800        int32_t x, y;
801
802        vkGetImageSubresourceLayout(demo->device, tex_obj->image, &subres, &layout);
803
804        err = vkMapMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->mem, 0, mem_alloc.allocationSize, 0, &data);
805        assert(!err);
806
807        for (y = 0; y < tex_height; y++) {
808            uint32_t *row = (uint32_t *) ((char *) data + layout.rowPitch * y);
809            for (x = 0; x < tex_width; x++)
810                row[x] = tex_colors[(x & 1) ^ (y & 1)];
811        }
812
813        vkUnmapMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->mem);
814    }
815
816    tex_obj->imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
817    demo_set_image_layout(demo, tex_obj->image,
818                           VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
819                           VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
820                           tex_obj->imageLayout);
821    /* setting the image layout does not reference the actual memory so no need to add a mem ref */
822}
823
824static void demo_destroy_texture_image(struct demo *demo, struct texture_object *tex_obj)
825{
826    /* clean up staging resources */
827    vkDestroyImage(demo->device, tex_obj->image);
828    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->mem);
829}
830
831static void demo_prepare_textures(struct demo *demo)
832{
833    const VkFormat tex_format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
834    VkFormatProperties props;
835    const uint32_t tex_colors[DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT][2] = {
836        { 0xffff0000, 0xff00ff00 },
837    };
838    uint32_t i;
839    VkResult err;
840
841    vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(demo->gpu, tex_format, &props);
842
843    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
844        if ((props.linearTilingFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_SAMPLED_IMAGE_BIT) && !demo->use_staging_buffer) {
845            /* Device can texture using linear textures */
846            demo_prepare_texture_image(demo, tex_colors[i], &demo->textures[i],
847                                       VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
848        } else if (props.optimalTilingFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_SAMPLED_IMAGE_BIT){
849            /* Must use staging buffer to copy linear texture to optimized */
850            struct texture_object staging_texture;
851
852            memset(&staging_texture, 0, sizeof(staging_texture));
853            demo_prepare_texture_image(demo, tex_colors[i], &staging_texture,
854                                       VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SOURCE_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
855
856            demo_prepare_texture_image(demo, tex_colors[i], &demo->textures[i],
857                                       VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL,
858                                       (VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DESTINATION_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT),
859                                       VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_ONLY);
860
861            demo_set_image_layout(demo, staging_texture.image,
862                                   VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
863                                   staging_texture.imageLayout,
864                                   VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SOURCE_OPTIMAL);
865
866            demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->textures[i].image,
867                                   VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
868                                   demo->textures[i].imageLayout,
869                                   VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DESTINATION_OPTIMAL);
870
871            VkImageCopy copy_region = {
872                .srcSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0 },
873                .srcOffset = { 0, 0, 0 },
874                .destSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0 },
875                .destOffset = { 0, 0, 0 },
876                .extent = { staging_texture.tex_width, staging_texture.tex_height, 1 },
877            };
878            vkCmdCopyImage(demo->setup_cmd,
879                            staging_texture.image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SOURCE_OPTIMAL,
880                            demo->textures[i].image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DESTINATION_OPTIMAL,
881                            1, &copy_region);
882
883            demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->textures[i].image,
884                                   VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
885                                   VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DESTINATION_OPTIMAL,
886                                   demo->textures[i].imageLayout);
887
888            demo_flush_init_cmd(demo);
889
890            demo_destroy_texture_image(demo, &staging_texture);
891        } else {
892            /* Can't support VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM !? */
893            assert(!"No support for B8G8R8A8_UNORM as texture image format");
894        }
895
896        const VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler = {
897            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO,
898            .pNext = NULL,
899            .magFilter = VK_TEX_FILTER_NEAREST,
900            .minFilter = VK_TEX_FILTER_NEAREST,
901            .mipMode = VK_TEX_MIPMAP_MODE_BASE,
902            .addressModeU = VK_TEX_ADDRESS_MODE_WRAP,
903            .addressModeV = VK_TEX_ADDRESS_MODE_WRAP,
904            .addressModeW = VK_TEX_ADDRESS_MODE_WRAP,
905            .mipLodBias = 0.0f,
906            .maxAnisotropy = 1,
907            .compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER,
908            .minLod = 0.0f,
909            .maxLod = 0.0f,
910            .borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_FLOAT_OPAQUE_WHITE,
911            .unnormalizedCoordinates = VK_FALSE,
912        };
913        VkImageViewCreateInfo view = {
914            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
915            .pNext = NULL,
916            .image.handle = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
917            .viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D,
918            .format = tex_format,
919            .channels = { VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_R,
920                          VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_G,
921                          VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_B,
922                          VK_CHANNEL_SWIZZLE_A, },
923            .subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 },
924            .flags = 0,
925        };
926
927        /* create sampler */
928        err = vkCreateSampler(demo->device, &sampler,
929                &demo->textures[i].sampler);
930        assert(!err);
931
932        /* create image view */
933        view.image = demo->textures[i].image;
934        err = vkCreateImageView(demo->device, &view,
935                                 &demo->textures[i].view);
936        assert(!err);
937    }
938}
939
940static void demo_prepare_vertices(struct demo *demo)
941{
942    const float vb[3][5] = {
943        /*      position             texcoord */
944        { -1.0f, -1.0f,  0.2f,      0.0f, 0.0f },
945        {  1.0f, -1.0f,  0.25f,     1.0f, 0.0f },
946        {  0.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,      0.5f, 1.0f },
947    };
948    const VkBufferCreateInfo buf_info = {
949        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
950        .pNext = NULL,
951        .size = sizeof(vb),
952        .usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT,
953        .flags = 0,
954    };
955    VkMemoryAllocInfo mem_alloc = {
956        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOC_INFO,
957        .pNext = NULL,
958        .allocationSize = 0,
959        .memoryTypeIndex = 0,
960    };
961    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
962    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
963    bool U_ASSERT_ONLY pass;
964    void *data;
965
966    memset(&demo->vertices, 0, sizeof(demo->vertices));
967
968    err = vkCreateBuffer(demo->device, &buf_info, &demo->vertices.buf);
969    assert(!err);
970
971    vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(demo->device,
972            demo->vertices.buf, &mem_reqs);
973    assert(!err);
974
975    mem_alloc.allocationSize  = mem_reqs.size;
976    pass = memory_type_from_properties(demo,
977                                      mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits,
978                                      VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT,
979                                      &mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex);
980    assert(pass);
981
982    err = vkAllocMemory(demo->device, &mem_alloc, &demo->vertices.mem);
983    assert(!err);
984
985    err = vkMapMemory(demo->device, demo->vertices.mem, 0, mem_alloc.allocationSize, 0, &data);
986    assert(!err);
987
988    memcpy(data, vb, sizeof(vb));
989
990    vkUnmapMemory(demo->device, demo->vertices.mem);
991
992    err = vkBindBufferMemory(demo->device, demo->vertices.buf,
993            demo->vertices.mem, 0);
994    assert(!err);
995
996    demo->vertices.vi.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
997    demo->vertices.vi.pNext = NULL;
998    demo->vertices.vi.bindingCount = 1;
999    demo->vertices.vi.pVertexBindingDescriptions = demo->vertices.vi_bindings;
1000    demo->vertices.vi.attributeCount = 2;
1001    demo->vertices.vi.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = demo->vertices.vi_attrs;
1002
1003    demo->vertices.vi_bindings[0].binding = VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID;
1004    demo->vertices.vi_bindings[0].strideInBytes = sizeof(vb[0]);
1005    demo->vertices.vi_bindings[0].stepRate = VK_VERTEX_INPUT_STEP_RATE_VERTEX;
1006
1007    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[0].binding = VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID;
1008    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[0].location = 0;
1009    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[0].format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT;
1010    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[0].offsetInBytes = 0;
1011
1012    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[1].binding = VERTEX_BUFFER_BIND_ID;
1013    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[1].location = 1;
1014    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[1].format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT;
1015    demo->vertices.vi_attrs[1].offsetInBytes = sizeof(float) * 3;
1016}
1017
1018static void demo_prepare_descriptor_layout(struct demo *demo)
1019{
1020    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding layout_binding = {
1021        .descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
1022        .arraySize = DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT,
1023        .stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
1024        .pImmutableSamplers = NULL,
1025    };
1026    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptor_layout = {
1027        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO,
1028        .pNext = NULL,
1029        .count = 1,
1030        .pBinding = &layout_binding,
1031    };
1032    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1033
1034    err = vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(demo->device,
1035            &descriptor_layout, &demo->desc_layout);
1036    assert(!err);
1037
1038    const VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo = {
1039        .sType              = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO,
1040        .pNext              = NULL,
1041        .descriptorSetCount = 1,
1042        .pSetLayouts        = &demo->desc_layout,
1043    };
1044
1045    err = vkCreatePipelineLayout(demo->device,
1046                                 &pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo,
1047                                 &demo->pipeline_layout);
1048    assert(!err);
1049}
1050
1051static void demo_prepare_render_pass(struct demo *demo)
1052{
1053    const VkAttachmentDescription attachments[2] = {
1054        [0] = {
1055            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_DESCRIPTION,
1056            .pNext = NULL,
1057            .format = demo->format,
1058            .samples = 1,
1059            .loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
1060            .storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
1061            .stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
1062            .stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
1063            .initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1064            .finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1065        },
1066        [1] = {
1067            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ATTACHMENT_DESCRIPTION,
1068            .pNext = NULL,
1069            .format = demo->depth.format,
1070            .samples = 1,
1071            .loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
1072            .storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
1073            .stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
1074            .stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
1075            .initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1076            .finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1077        },
1078    };
1079    const VkAttachmentReference color_reference = {
1080        .attachment = 0,
1081        .layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1082    };
1083    const VkSubpassDescription subpass = {
1084        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBPASS_DESCRIPTION,
1085        .pNext = NULL,
1086        .pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
1087        .flags = 0,
1088        .inputCount = 0,
1089        .pInputAttachments = NULL,
1090        .colorCount = 1,
1091        .pColorAttachments = &color_reference,
1092        .pResolveAttachments = NULL,
1093        .depthStencilAttachment = {
1094            .attachment = 1,
1095            .layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1096        },
1097        .preserveCount = 0,
1098        .pPreserveAttachments = NULL,
1099    };
1100    const VkRenderPassCreateInfo rp_info = {
1101        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
1102        .pNext = NULL,
1103        .attachmentCount = 2,
1104        .pAttachments = attachments,
1105        .subpassCount = 1,
1106        .pSubpasses = &subpass,
1107        .dependencyCount = 0,
1108        .pDependencies = NULL,
1109    };
1110    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1111
1112    err = vkCreateRenderPass(demo->device, &rp_info, &demo->render_pass);
1113    assert(!err);
1114}
1115
1116static VkShader demo_prepare_shader(struct demo *demo,
1117                                      VkShaderStageFlagBits stage,
1118                                      VkShaderModule* pShaderModule,
1119                                      const void *code,
1120                                      size_t size)
1121{
1122    VkShaderModuleCreateInfo moduleCreateInfo;
1123    VkShaderCreateInfo shaderCreateInfo;
1124    VkShader shader;
1125    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1126
1127
1128    moduleCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO;
1129    moduleCreateInfo.pNext = NULL;
1130
1131    shaderCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_CREATE_INFO;
1132    shaderCreateInfo.pNext = NULL;
1133
1134    if (!demo->use_glsl) {
1135        moduleCreateInfo.codeSize = size;
1136        moduleCreateInfo.pCode = code;
1137        moduleCreateInfo.flags = 0;
1138        err = vkCreateShaderModule(demo->device, &moduleCreateInfo, pShaderModule);
1139        assert(!err);
1140
1141        shaderCreateInfo.flags = 0;
1142        shaderCreateInfo.module = *pShaderModule;
1143        shaderCreateInfo.pName = "main";
1144        shaderCreateInfo.stage = stage;
1145        err = vkCreateShader(demo->device, &shaderCreateInfo, &shader);
1146        assert(!err);
1147    } else {
1148        // Create fake SPV structure to feed GLSL
1149        // to the driver "under the covers"
1150        moduleCreateInfo.codeSize = 3 * sizeof(uint32_t) + size + 1;
1151        moduleCreateInfo.pCode = malloc(moduleCreateInfo.codeSize);
1152        moduleCreateInfo.flags = 0;
1153
1154        /* try version 0 first: VkShaderStage followed by GLSL */
1155        ((uint32_t *) moduleCreateInfo.pCode)[0] = ICD_SPV_MAGIC;
1156        ((uint32_t *) moduleCreateInfo.pCode)[1] = 0;
1157        ((uint32_t *) moduleCreateInfo.pCode)[2] = stage;
1158        memcpy(((uint32_t *) moduleCreateInfo.pCode + 3), code, size + 1);
1159
1160        err = vkCreateShaderModule(demo->device, &moduleCreateInfo, pShaderModule);
1161        assert(!err);
1162
1163        shaderCreateInfo.flags = 0;
1164        shaderCreateInfo.module = *pShaderModule;
1165        shaderCreateInfo.pName = "main";
1166        shaderCreateInfo.stage = stage;
1167        err = vkCreateShader(demo->device, &shaderCreateInfo, &shader);
1168        assert(!err);
1169        free((void *) moduleCreateInfo.pCode);
1170    }
1171    return shader;
1172}
1173
1174char *demo_read_spv(const char *filename, size_t *psize)
1175{
1176    long int size;
1177    void *shader_code;
1178    size_t retVal;
1179
1180    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
1181    if (!fp) return NULL;
1182
1183    fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_END);
1184    size = ftell(fp);
1185
1186    fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_SET);
1187
1188    shader_code = malloc(size);
1189    retVal = fread(shader_code, size, 1, fp);
1190    if (!retVal) return NULL;
1191
1192    *psize = size;
1193
1194    return shader_code;
1195}
1196
1197static VkShader demo_prepare_vs(struct demo *demo)
1198{
1199    if (!demo->use_glsl) {
1200        VkShader shader;
1201        void *vertShaderCode;
1202        size_t size;
1203
1204        vertShaderCode = demo_read_spv("tri-vert.spv", &size);
1205
1206        shader = demo_prepare_shader(demo, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
1207                                     &demo->vert_shader_module,
1208                                     vertShaderCode, size);
1209        free(vertShaderCode);
1210        return shader;
1211    } else {
1212        static const char *vertShaderText =
1213            "#version 140\n"
1214            "#extension GL_ARB_separate_shader_objects : enable\n"
1215            "#extension GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack : enable\n"
1216            "layout (location = 0) in vec4 pos;\n"
1217            "layout (location = 1) in vec2 attr;\n"
1218            "out vec2 texcoord;\n"
1219            "void main() {\n"
1220            "   texcoord = attr;\n"
1221            "   gl_Position = pos;\n"
1222            "}\n";
1223
1224        return demo_prepare_shader(demo, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
1225                                   &demo->vert_shader_module,
1226                                   (const void *) vertShaderText,
1227                                   strlen(vertShaderText));
1228    }
1229}
1230
1231static VkShader demo_prepare_fs(struct demo *demo)
1232{
1233    if (!demo->use_glsl) {
1234        VkShader shader;
1235        void *fragShaderCode;
1236        size_t size;
1237
1238        fragShaderCode = demo_read_spv("tri-frag.spv", &size);
1239
1240        shader = demo_prepare_shader(demo, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
1241                                     &demo->frag_shader_module,
1242                                     fragShaderCode, size);
1243
1244        free(fragShaderCode);
1245        return shader;
1246    } else {
1247        static const char *fragShaderText =
1248                "#version 140\n"
1249                "#extension GL_ARB_separate_shader_objects : enable\n"
1250                "#extension GL_ARB_shading_language_420pack : enable\n"
1251                "layout (binding = 0) uniform sampler2D tex;\n"
1252                "layout (location = 0) in vec2 texcoord;\n"
1253                "layout (location = 0) out vec4 uFragColor;\n"
1254                "void main() {\n"
1255                "   uFragColor = texture(tex, texcoord);\n"
1256                "}\n";
1257
1258        return demo_prepare_shader(demo, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
1259                                   &demo->frag_shader_module,
1260                                   (const void *) fragShaderText,
1261                                   strlen(fragShaderText));
1262    }
1263}
1264
1265static void demo_prepare_pipeline(struct demo *demo)
1266{
1267    VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipeline;
1268    VkPipelineCacheCreateInfo pipelineCache;
1269
1270    VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo   vi;
1271    VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia;
1272    VkPipelineRasterStateCreateInfo        rs;
1273    VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo    cb;
1274    VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo  ds;
1275    VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo      vp;
1276    VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo   ms;
1277    VkDynamicState                         dynamicStateEnables[VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_NUM];
1278    VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo       dynamicState;
1279
1280    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1281
1282    memset(dynamicStateEnables, 0, sizeof dynamicStateEnables);
1283    memset(&dynamicState, 0, sizeof dynamicState);
1284    dynamicState.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1285    dynamicState.pDynamicStates = dynamicStateEnables;
1286
1287    memset(&pipeline, 0, sizeof(pipeline));
1288    pipeline.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO;
1289    pipeline.layout = demo->pipeline_layout;
1290
1291    vi = demo->vertices.vi;
1292
1293    memset(&ia, 0, sizeof(ia));
1294    ia.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1295    ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
1296
1297    memset(&rs, 0, sizeof(rs));
1298    rs.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTER_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1299    rs.fillMode = VK_FILL_MODE_SOLID;
1300    rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_BACK;
1301    rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_CW;
1302    rs.depthClampEnable = VK_FALSE;
1303    rs.rasterizerDiscardEnable = VK_FALSE;
1304    rs.depthBiasEnable = VK_FALSE;
1305
1306    memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
1307    cb.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1308    VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState att_state[1];
1309    memset(att_state, 0, sizeof(att_state));
1310    att_state[0].channelWriteMask = 0xf;
1311    att_state[0].blendEnable = VK_FALSE;
1312    cb.attachmentCount = 1;
1313    cb.pAttachments = att_state;
1314
1315    memset(&vp, 0, sizeof(vp));
1316    vp.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1317    vp.viewportCount = 1;
1318    dynamicStateEnables[dynamicState.dynamicStateCount++] = VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT;
1319    vp.scissorCount = 1;
1320    dynamicStateEnables[dynamicState.dynamicStateCount++] = VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR;
1321
1322    memset(&ds, 0, sizeof(ds));
1323    ds.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1324    ds.depthTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
1325    ds.depthWriteEnable = VK_TRUE;
1326    ds.depthCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_EQUAL;
1327    ds.depthBoundsTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
1328    ds.back.stencilFailOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
1329    ds.back.stencilPassOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
1330    ds.back.stencilCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_ALWAYS;
1331    ds.stencilTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
1332    ds.front = ds.back;
1333
1334    memset(&ms, 0, sizeof(ms));
1335    ms.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1336    ms.pSampleMask = NULL;
1337    ms.rasterSamples = 1;
1338
1339    // Two stages: vs and fs
1340    pipeline.stageCount = 2;
1341    VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo shaderStages[2];
1342    memset(&shaderStages, 0, 2 * sizeof(VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo));
1343
1344    shaderStages[0].sType                = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
1345    shaderStages[0].stage                = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;
1346    shaderStages[0].shader               = demo_prepare_vs(demo);
1347
1348    shaderStages[1].sType  = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
1349    shaderStages[1].stage  = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
1350    shaderStages[1].shader = demo_prepare_fs(demo);
1351
1352    pipeline.pVertexInputState   = &vi;
1353    pipeline.pInputAssemblyState = &ia;
1354    pipeline.pRasterState        = &rs;
1355    pipeline.pColorBlendState    = &cb;
1356    pipeline.pMultisampleState   = &ms;
1357    pipeline.pViewportState      = &vp;
1358    pipeline.pDepthStencilState  = &ds;
1359    pipeline.pStages             = shaderStages;
1360    pipeline.renderPass          = demo->render_pass;
1361    pipeline.pDynamicState       = &dynamicState;
1362
1363    memset(&pipelineCache, 0, sizeof(pipelineCache));
1364    pipelineCache.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_CACHE_CREATE_INFO;
1365
1366    err = vkCreatePipelineCache(demo->device, &pipelineCache, &demo->pipelineCache);
1367    assert(!err);
1368    err = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(demo->device, demo->pipelineCache, 1, &pipeline, &demo->pipeline);
1369    assert(!err);
1370
1371    vkDestroyPipelineCache(demo->device, demo->pipelineCache);
1372
1373    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < pipeline.stageCount; i++) {
1374        vkDestroyShader(demo->device, shaderStages[i].shader);
1375    }
1376    vkDestroyShaderModule(demo->device, demo->frag_shader_module);
1377    vkDestroyShaderModule(demo->device, demo->vert_shader_module);
1378}
1379
1380static void demo_prepare_descriptor_pool(struct demo *demo)
1381{
1382    const VkDescriptorTypeCount type_count = {
1383        .type = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
1384        .count = DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT,
1385    };
1386    const VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptor_pool = {
1387        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO,
1388        .pNext = NULL,
1389        .poolUsage = VK_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_USAGE_ONE_SHOT,
1390        .maxSets = 1,
1391        .count = 1,
1392        .pTypeCount = &type_count,
1393    };
1394    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1395
1396    err = vkCreateDescriptorPool(demo->device,
1397            &descriptor_pool, &demo->desc_pool);
1398    assert(!err);
1399}
1400
1401static void demo_prepare_descriptor_set(struct demo *demo)
1402{
1403    VkDescriptorInfo tex_descs[DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT];
1404    VkWriteDescriptorSet write;
1405    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1406    uint32_t i;
1407
1408    err = vkAllocDescriptorSets(demo->device, demo->desc_pool,
1409            VK_DESCRIPTOR_SET_USAGE_STATIC,
1410            1, &demo->desc_layout,
1411            &demo->desc_set);
1412    assert(!err);
1413
1414    memset(&tex_descs, 0, sizeof(tex_descs));
1415    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
1416        tex_descs[i].imageInfo.sampler = demo->textures[i].sampler;
1417        tex_descs[i].imageInfo.imageView = demo->textures[i].view;
1418        tex_descs[i].imageInfo.imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
1419    }
1420
1421    memset(&write, 0, sizeof(write));
1422    write.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET;
1423    write.destSet = demo->desc_set;
1424    write.count = DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT;
1425    write.descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER;
1426    write.pDescriptors = tex_descs;
1427
1428    vkUpdateDescriptorSets(demo->device, 1, &write, 0, NULL);
1429}
1430
1431static void demo_prepare_framebuffers(struct demo *demo)
1432{
1433    VkImageView attachments[2];
1434    attachments[1] = demo->depth.view;
1435
1436    const VkFramebufferCreateInfo fb_info = {
1437         .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
1438         .pNext = NULL,
1439         .renderPass = demo->render_pass,
1440         .attachmentCount = 2,
1441         .pAttachments = attachments,
1442         .width  = demo->width,
1443         .height = demo->height,
1444         .layers = 1,
1445    };
1446    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1447    uint32_t i;
1448
1449    demo->framebuffers = (VkFramebuffer *) malloc(demo->swapchainImageCount * sizeof(VkFramebuffer));
1450    assert(demo->framebuffers);
1451
1452    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1453        attachments[0]= demo->buffers[i].view;
1454        err = vkCreateFramebuffer(demo->device, &fb_info, &demo->framebuffers[i]);
1455        assert(!err);
1456    }
1457}
1458
1459static void demo_prepare(struct demo *demo)
1460{
1461    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1462
1463    const VkCmdPoolCreateInfo cmd_pool_info = {
1464        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CMD_POOL_CREATE_INFO,
1465        .pNext = NULL,
1466        .queueFamilyIndex = demo->graphics_queue_node_index,
1467        .flags = 0,
1468    };
1469    err = vkCreateCommandPool(demo->device, &cmd_pool_info, &demo->cmd_pool);
1470    assert(!err);
1471
1472    const VkCmdBufferCreateInfo cmd = {
1473        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CMD_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
1474        .pNext = NULL,
1475        .cmdPool = demo->cmd_pool,
1476        .level = VK_CMD_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
1477        .flags = 0,
1478    };
1479    err = vkCreateCommandBuffer(demo->device, &cmd, &demo->draw_cmd);
1480    assert(!err);
1481
1482    demo_prepare_buffers(demo);
1483    demo_prepare_depth(demo);
1484    demo_prepare_textures(demo);
1485    demo_prepare_vertices(demo);
1486    demo_prepare_descriptor_layout(demo);
1487    demo_prepare_render_pass(demo);
1488    demo_prepare_pipeline(demo);
1489
1490    demo_prepare_descriptor_pool(demo);
1491    demo_prepare_descriptor_set(demo);
1492
1493    demo_prepare_framebuffers(demo);
1494
1495    demo->prepared = true;
1496}
1497
1498#ifdef _WIN32
1499static void demo_run(struct demo *demo)
1500{
1501    if (!demo->prepared)
1502        return;
1503    demo_draw(demo);
1504
1505    if (demo->depthStencil > 0.99f)
1506        demo->depthIncrement = -0.001f;
1507    if (demo->depthStencil < 0.8f)
1508        demo->depthIncrement = 0.001f;
1509
1510    demo->depthStencil += demo->depthIncrement;
1511}
1512
1513// On MS-Windows, make this a global, so it's available to WndProc()
1514struct demo demo;
1515
1516// MS-Windows event handling function:
1517LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd,
1518                         UINT uMsg,
1519                         WPARAM wParam,
1520                         LPARAM lParam)
1521{
1522    char tmp_str[] = APP_LONG_NAME;
1523
1524    switch(uMsg)
1525    {
1526    case WM_CREATE:
1527        return 0;
1528    case WM_CLOSE:
1529        PostQuitMessage(0);
1530        return 0;
1531    case WM_PAINT:
1532        if (demo.prepared) {
1533            demo_run(&demo);
1534            break;
1535        }
1536    default:
1537        break;
1538    }
1539    return (DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam));
1540}
1541
1542static void demo_create_window(struct demo *demo)
1543{
1544    WNDCLASSEX  win_class;
1545
1546    // Initialize the window class structure:
1547    win_class.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
1548    win_class.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
1549    win_class.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
1550    win_class.cbClsExtra = 0;
1551    win_class.cbWndExtra = 0;
1552    win_class.hInstance = demo->connection; // hInstance
1553    win_class.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
1554    win_class.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
1555    win_class.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
1556    win_class.lpszMenuName = NULL;
1557    win_class.lpszClassName = demo->name;
1558    win_class.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO);
1559    // Register window class:
1560    if (!RegisterClassEx(&win_class)) {
1561        // It didn't work, so try to give a useful error:
1562        printf("Unexpected error trying to start the application!\n");
1563        fflush(stdout);
1564        exit(1);
1565    }
1566    // Create window with the registered class:
1567    RECT wr = { 0, 0, demo->width, demo->height };
1568    AdjustWindowRect(&wr, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
1569    demo->window = CreateWindowEx(0,
1570                                  demo->name,           // class name
1571                                  demo->name,           // app name
1572                                  WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | // window style
1573                                  WS_VISIBLE |
1574                                  WS_SYSMENU,
1575                                  100,100,              // x/y coords
1576                                  wr.right-wr.left,     // width
1577                                  wr.bottom-wr.top,     // height
1578                                  NULL,                 // handle to parent
1579                                  NULL,                 // handle to menu
1580                                  demo->connection,     // hInstance
1581                                  NULL);                // no extra parameters
1582    if (!demo->window) {
1583        // It didn't work, so try to give a useful error:
1584        printf("Cannot create a window in which to draw!\n");
1585        fflush(stdout);
1586        exit(1);
1587    }
1588}
1589#else  // _WIN32
1590
1591static void demo_handle_event(struct demo *demo,
1592                              const xcb_generic_event_t *event)
1593{
1594    switch (event->response_type & 0x7f) {
1595    case XCB_EXPOSE:
1596        demo_draw(demo);
1597        break;
1598    case XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE:
1599        if((*(xcb_client_message_event_t*)event).data.data32[0] ==
1600           (*demo->atom_wm_delete_window).atom) {
1601            demo->quit = true;
1602        }
1603        break;
1604    case XCB_KEY_RELEASE:
1605        {
1606            const xcb_key_release_event_t *key =
1607                (const xcb_key_release_event_t *) event;
1608
1609            if (key->detail == 0x9)
1610                demo->quit = true;
1611        }
1612        break;
1613    case XCB_DESTROY_NOTIFY:
1614        demo->quit = true;
1615        break;
1616    default:
1617        break;
1618    }
1619}
1620
1621static void demo_run(struct demo *demo)
1622{
1623    xcb_flush(demo->connection);
1624
1625    while (!demo->quit) {
1626        xcb_generic_event_t *event;
1627
1628        event = xcb_poll_for_event(demo->connection);
1629        if (event) {
1630            demo_handle_event(demo, event);
1631            free(event);
1632        }
1633
1634        demo_draw(demo);
1635
1636        if (demo->depthStencil > 0.99f)
1637            demo->depthIncrement = -0.001f;
1638        if (demo->depthStencil < 0.8f)
1639            demo->depthIncrement = 0.001f;
1640
1641        demo->depthStencil += demo->depthIncrement;
1642
1643        // Wait for work to finish before updating MVP.
1644        vkDeviceWaitIdle(demo->device);
1645    }
1646}
1647
1648static void demo_create_window(struct demo *demo)
1649{
1650    uint32_t value_mask, value_list[32];
1651
1652    demo->window = xcb_generate_id(demo->connection);
1653
1654    value_mask = XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
1655    value_list[0] = demo->screen->black_pixel;
1656    value_list[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_KEY_RELEASE |
1657                    XCB_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE |
1658                    XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
1659
1660    xcb_create_window(demo->connection,
1661            XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT,
1662            demo->window, demo->screen->root,
1663            0, 0, demo->width, demo->height, 0,
1664            XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT,
1665            demo->screen->root_visual,
1666            value_mask, value_list);
1667
1668    /* Magic code that will send notification when window is destroyed */
1669    xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t cookie = xcb_intern_atom(demo->connection, 1, 12,
1670                                                      "WM_PROTOCOLS");
1671    xcb_intern_atom_reply_t* reply = xcb_intern_atom_reply(demo->connection, cookie, 0);
1672
1673    xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t cookie2 = xcb_intern_atom(demo->connection, 0, 16, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW");
1674    demo->atom_wm_delete_window = xcb_intern_atom_reply(demo->connection, cookie2, 0);
1675
1676    xcb_change_property(demo->connection, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,
1677                        demo->window, (*reply).atom, 4, 32, 1,
1678                        &(*demo->atom_wm_delete_window).atom);
1679    free(reply);
1680
1681    xcb_map_window(demo->connection, demo->window);
1682}
1683#endif // _WIN32
1684
1685/*
1686 * Return 1 (true) if all layer names specified in check_names
1687 * can be found in given layer properties.
1688 */
1689static VkBool32 demo_check_layers(uint32_t check_count, char **check_names,
1690                              uint32_t layer_count, VkLayerProperties *layers)
1691{
1692    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < check_count; i++) {
1693        VkBool32 found = 0;
1694        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < layer_count; j++) {
1695            if (!strcmp(check_names[i], layers[j].layerName)) {
1696                found = 1;
1697            }
1698        }
1699        if (!found) {
1700            fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find layer: %s\n", check_names[i]);
1701            return 0;
1702        }
1703    }
1704    return 1;
1705}
1706
1707void* VKAPI myalloc(
1708    void*                           pUserData,
1709    size_t                          size,
1710    size_t                          alignment,
1711    VkSystemAllocType               allocType)
1712{
1713    return malloc(size);
1714}
1715void VKAPI myfree(
1716    void*                           pUserData,
1717    void*                           pMem)
1718{
1719    free(pMem);
1720}
1721static void demo_init_vk(struct demo *demo)
1722{
1723    VkResult err;
1724    char *extension_names[64];
1725    char *layer_names[64];
1726    VkExtensionProperties *instance_extensions;
1727    VkPhysicalDevice *physical_devices;
1728    VkLayerProperties *instance_layers;
1729    VkLayerProperties *device_layers;
1730    uint32_t instance_extension_count = 0;
1731    uint32_t instance_layer_count = 0;
1732    uint32_t enabled_extension_count = 0;
1733    uint32_t enabled_layer_count = 0;
1734
1735    char *instance_validation_layers[] = {
1736        "MemTracker",
1737    };
1738
1739    char *device_validation_layers[] = {
1740        "MemTracker",
1741    };
1742
1743    /* Look for validation layers */
1744    VkBool32 validation_found = 0;
1745    err = vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&instance_layer_count, NULL);
1746    assert(!err);
1747
1748    instance_layers = malloc(sizeof(VkLayerProperties) * instance_layer_count);
1749    err = vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&instance_layer_count, instance_layers);
1750    assert(!err);
1751
1752    if (demo->validate) {
1753        validation_found = demo_check_layers(ARRAY_SIZE(instance_validation_layers), instance_validation_layers,
1754                                             instance_layer_count, instance_layers);
1755        if (!validation_found) {
1756            ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties failed to find"
1757                     "required validation layer.\n\n"
1758                     "Please look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
1759                     "information.\n",
1760                     "vkCreateInstance Failure");
1761        }
1762        enabled_layer_count = ARRAY_SIZE(instance_validation_layers);
1763    }
1764
1765    err = vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(NULL, &instance_extension_count, NULL);
1766    assert(!err);
1767
1768    VkBool32 swapchainExtFound = 0;
1769    memset(extension_names, 0, sizeof(extension_names));
1770    instance_extensions = malloc(sizeof(VkExtensionProperties) * instance_extension_count);
1771    err = vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(NULL, &instance_extension_count, instance_extensions);
1772    assert(!err);
1773    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < instance_extension_count; i++) {
1774        if (!strcmp("VK_EXT_KHR_swapchain", instance_extensions[i].extName)) {
1775            swapchainExtFound = 1;
1776            extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] = "VK_EXT_KHR_swapchain";
1777        }
1778        if (!strcmp(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_EXTENSION_NAME, instance_extensions[i].extName)) {
1779            if (demo->validate) {
1780                extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] = VK_DEBUG_REPORT_EXTENSION_NAME;
1781            }
1782        }
1783        assert(enabled_extension_count < 64);
1784    }
1785    if (!swapchainExtFound) {
1786        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties failed to find the "
1787                 "\"VK_EXT_KHR_swapchain\" extension.\n\nDo you have a compatible "
1788                 "Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease "
1789                 "look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
1790                 "information.\n",
1791                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
1792    }
1793    const VkApplicationInfo app = {
1794        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO,
1795        .pNext = NULL,
1796        .pAppName = APP_SHORT_NAME,
1797        .appVersion = 0,
1798        .pEngineName = APP_SHORT_NAME,
1799        .engineVersion = 0,
1800        .apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION,
1801    };
1802    VkAllocCallbacks cb = {
1803        .pUserData = NULL,
1804        .pfnAlloc = myalloc,
1805        .pfnFree = myfree,
1806    };
1807    VkInstanceCreateInfo inst_info = {
1808        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO,
1809        .pNext = NULL,
1810        .pAppInfo = &app,
1811        .pAllocCb = &cb,
1812        .layerCount = enabled_layer_count,
1813        .ppEnabledLayerNames = (const char *const*) layer_names,
1814        .extensionCount = enabled_extension_count,
1815        .ppEnabledExtensionNames = (const char *const*) extension_names,
1816    };
1817    const VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queue = {
1818        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO,
1819        .pNext = NULL,
1820        .queueFamilyIndex = 0,
1821        .queueCount = 1,
1822    };
1823    uint32_t gpu_count;
1824
1825    err = vkCreateInstance(&inst_info, &demo->inst);
1826    if (err == VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER) {
1827        ERR_EXIT("Cannot find a compatible Vulkan installable client driver "
1828                 "(ICD).\n\nPlease look at the Getting Started guide for "
1829                 "additional information.\n",
1830                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
1831    } else if (err == VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT) {
1832        ERR_EXIT("Cannot find a specified extension library"
1833                 ".\nMake sure your layers path is set appropriately\n",
1834                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
1835    } else if (err) {
1836        ERR_EXIT("vkCreateInstance failed.\n\nDo you have a compatible Vulkan "
1837                 "installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease look at "
1838                 "the Getting Started guide for additional information.\n",
1839                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
1840    }
1841
1842    free(instance_layers);
1843    free(instance_extensions);
1844
1845    /* Make initial call to query gpu_count, then second call for gpu info*/
1846    err = vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(demo->inst, &gpu_count, NULL);
1847    assert(!err && gpu_count > 0);
1848    physical_devices = malloc(sizeof(VkPhysicalDevice) * gpu_count);
1849    err = vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(demo->inst, &gpu_count, physical_devices);
1850    assert(!err);
1851    /* For tri demo we just grab the first physical device */
1852    demo->gpu = physical_devices[0];
1853    free(physical_devices);
1854
1855    /* Look for validation layers */
1856    validation_found = 0;
1857    enabled_layer_count = 0;
1858    uint32_t device_layer_count = 0;
1859    err = vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(demo->gpu, &device_layer_count, NULL);
1860    assert(!err);
1861
1862    device_layers = malloc(sizeof(VkLayerProperties) * device_layer_count);
1863    err = vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(demo->gpu, &device_layer_count, device_layers);
1864    assert(!err);
1865
1866    if (demo->validate) {
1867        validation_found = demo_check_layers(ARRAY_SIZE(device_validation_layers), device_validation_layers,
1868                                             device_layer_count, device_layers);
1869        if (!validation_found) {
1870            ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties failed to find"
1871                     "a required validation layer.\n\n"
1872                     "Please look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
1873                     "information.\n",
1874                     "vkCreateDevice Failure");
1875        }
1876        enabled_layer_count = ARRAY_SIZE(device_validation_layers);
1877    }
1878
1879    uint32_t device_extension_count = 0;
1880    VkExtensionProperties *device_extensions = NULL;
1881    err = vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(
1882              demo->gpu, NULL, &device_extension_count, NULL);
1883    assert(!err);
1884
1885    swapchainExtFound = 0;
1886    enabled_extension_count = 0;
1887    memset(extension_names, 0, sizeof(extension_names));
1888    device_extensions = malloc(sizeof(VkExtensionProperties) * device_extension_count);
1889    err = vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(
1890              demo->gpu, NULL, &device_extension_count, device_extensions);
1891    assert(!err);
1892
1893    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < device_extension_count; i++) {
1894        if (!strcmp("VK_EXT_KHR_device_swapchain", device_extensions[i].extName)) {
1895            swapchainExtFound = 1;
1896            extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] = "VK_EXT_KHR_device_swapchain";
1897        }
1898        assert(enabled_extension_count < 64);
1899    }
1900    if (!swapchainExtFound) {
1901        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties failed to find the "
1902                 "\"VK_EXT_KHR_device_swapchain\" extension.\n\nDo you have a compatible "
1903                 "Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease "
1904                 "look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
1905                 "information.\n",
1906                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
1907    }
1908
1909    VkDeviceCreateInfo device = {
1910        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO,
1911        .pNext = NULL,
1912        .requestedQueueCount = 1,
1913        .pRequestedQueues = &queue,
1914        .layerCount = enabled_layer_count,
1915        .ppEnabledLayerNames = (const char *const*) ((demo->validate) ? device_validation_layers : NULL),
1916        .extensionCount = enabled_extension_count,
1917        .ppEnabledExtensionNames = (const char *const*) extension_names,
1918    };
1919
1920    if (demo->validate) {
1921        demo->dbgCreateMsgCallback = (PFN_vkDbgCreateMsgCallback) vkGetInstanceProcAddr(demo->inst, "vkDbgCreateMsgCallback");
1922        if (!demo->dbgCreateMsgCallback) {
1923            ERR_EXIT("GetProcAddr: Unable to find vkDbgCreateMsgCallback\n",
1924                     "vkGetProcAddr Failure");
1925        }
1926        err = demo->dbgCreateMsgCallback(
1927                  demo->inst,
1928                  VK_DBG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT | VK_DBG_REPORT_WARN_BIT,
1929                  dbgFunc, NULL,
1930                  &demo->msg_callback);
1931        switch (err) {
1932        case VK_SUCCESS:
1933            break;
1934        case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY:
1935            ERR_EXIT("dbgCreateMsgCallback: out of host memory\n",
1936                     "dbgCreateMsgCallback Failure");
1937            break;
1938        default:
1939            ERR_EXIT("dbgCreateMsgCallback: unknown failure\n",
1940                     "dbgCreateMsgCallback Failure");
1941            break;
1942        }
1943    }
1944
1945
1946    err = vkCreateDevice(demo->gpu, &device, &demo->device);
1947    assert(!err);
1948
1949    GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(demo->inst, GetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR);
1950    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, GetSurfacePropertiesKHR);
1951    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, GetSurfaceFormatsKHR);
1952    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, GetSurfacePresentModesKHR);
1953    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, CreateSwapchainKHR);
1954    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, CreateSwapchainKHR);
1955    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, DestroySwapchainKHR);
1956    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, GetSwapchainImagesKHR);
1957    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, AcquireNextImageKHR);
1958    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, QueuePresentKHR);
1959
1960    vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->gpu_props);
1961
1962    // Query with NULL data to get count
1963    vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->queue_count, NULL);
1964
1965    demo->queue_props = (VkQueueFamilyProperties *) malloc(demo->queue_count * sizeof(VkQueueFamilyProperties));
1966    vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->queue_count, demo->queue_props);
1967    assert(demo->queue_count >= 1);
1968
1969    // Graphics queue and MemMgr queue can be separate.
1970    // TODO: Add support for separate queues, including synchronization,
1971    //       and appropriate tracking for QueueSubmit
1972}
1973
1974static void demo_init_vk_swapchain(struct demo *demo)
1975{
1976    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1977    uint32_t i;
1978
1979    // Construct the surface description:
1980    demo->surface_description.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SURFACE_DESCRIPTION_WINDOW_KHR;
1981    demo->surface_description.pNext = NULL;
1982#ifdef _WIN32
1983    demo->surface_description.platform = VK_PLATFORM_WIN32_KHR;
1984    demo->surface_description.pPlatformHandle = demo->connection;
1985    demo->surface_description.pPlatformWindow = demo->window;
1986#else  // _WIN32
1987    demo->platform_handle_xcb.connection = demo->connection;
1988    demo->platform_handle_xcb.root = demo->screen->root;
1989    demo->surface_description.platform = VK_PLATFORM_XCB_KHR;
1990    demo->surface_description.pPlatformHandle = &demo->platform_handle_xcb;
1991    demo->surface_description.pPlatformWindow = &demo->window;
1992#endif // _WIN32
1993
1994    // Iterate over each queue to learn whether it supports presenting:
1995    VkBool32* supportsPresent = (VkBool32 *)malloc(demo->queue_count * sizeof(VkBool32));
1996    for (i = 0; i < demo->queue_count; i++) {
1997        demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(demo->gpu, i,
1998                                                   (VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *) &demo->surface_description,
1999                                                   &supportsPresent[i]);
2000    }
2001
2002    // Search for a graphics and a present queue in the array of queue
2003    // families, try to find one that supports both
2004    uint32_t graphicsQueueNodeIndex = UINT32_MAX;
2005    uint32_t presentQueueNodeIndex  = UINT32_MAX;
2006    for (i = 0; i < demo->queue_count; i++) {
2007        if ((demo->queue_props[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) != 0) {
2008            if (graphicsQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
2009                graphicsQueueNodeIndex = i;
2010            }
2011
2012            if (supportsPresent[i] == VK_TRUE) {
2013                graphicsQueueNodeIndex = i;
2014                presentQueueNodeIndex = i;
2015                break;
2016            }
2017        }
2018    }
2019    if (presentQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
2020        // If didn't find a queue that supports both graphics and present, then
2021        // find a separate present queue.
2022        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < demo->queue_count; ++i) {
2023            if (supportsPresent[i] == VK_TRUE) {
2024                presentQueueNodeIndex = i;
2025                break;
2026            }
2027        }
2028    }
2029    free(supportsPresent);
2030
2031    // Generate error if could not find both a graphics and a present queue
2032    if (graphicsQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX || presentQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
2033        ERR_EXIT("Could not find a graphics and a present queue\n",
2034                 "Swapchain Initialization Failure");
2035    }
2036
2037    // TODO: Add support for separate queues, including presentation,
2038    //       synchronization, and appropriate tracking for QueueSubmit
2039    // While it is possible for an application to use a separate graphics and a
2040    // present queues, this demo program assumes it is only using one:
2041    if (graphicsQueueNodeIndex != presentQueueNodeIndex) {
2042        ERR_EXIT("Could not find a common graphics and a present queue\n",
2043                 "Swapchain Initialization Failure");
2044    }
2045
2046    demo->graphics_queue_node_index = graphicsQueueNodeIndex;
2047
2048    vkGetDeviceQueue(demo->device, demo->graphics_queue_node_index,
2049            0, &demo->queue);
2050
2051    // Get the list of VkFormat's that are supported:
2052    uint32_t formatCount;
2053    err = demo->fpGetSurfaceFormatsKHR(demo->device,
2054                                    (VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *) &demo->surface_description,
2055                                    &formatCount, NULL);
2056    assert(!err);
2057    VkSurfaceFormatKHR *surfFormats =
2058        (VkSurfaceFormatKHR *)malloc(formatCount * sizeof(VkSurfaceFormatKHR));
2059    err = demo->fpGetSurfaceFormatsKHR(demo->device,
2060                                    (VkSurfaceDescriptionKHR *) &demo->surface_description,
2061                                    &formatCount, surfFormats);
2062    assert(!err);
2063    // If the format list includes just one entry of VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED,
2064    // the surface has no preferred format.  Otherwise, at least one
2065    // supported format will be returned.
2066    if (formatCount == 1 && surfFormats[0].format == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED)
2067    {
2068        demo->format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
2069    }
2070    else
2071    {
2072        assert(formatCount >= 1);
2073        demo->format = surfFormats[0].format;
2074    }
2075    demo->color_space = surfFormats[0].colorSpace;
2076
2077    // Get Memory information and properties
2078    vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->memory_properties);
2079}
2080
2081static void demo_init_connection(struct demo *demo)
2082{
2083#ifndef _WIN32
2084    const xcb_setup_t *setup;
2085    xcb_screen_iterator_t iter;
2086    int scr;
2087
2088    demo->connection = xcb_connect(NULL, &scr);
2089    if (demo->connection == NULL) {
2090        printf("Cannot find a compatible Vulkan installable client driver "
2091               "(ICD).\nExiting ...\n");
2092        fflush(stdout);
2093        exit(1);
2094    }
2095
2096    setup = xcb_get_setup(demo->connection);
2097    iter = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(setup);
2098    while (scr-- > 0)
2099        xcb_screen_next(&iter);
2100
2101    demo->screen = iter.data;
2102#endif // _WIN32
2103}
2104
2105#ifdef _WIN32
2106static void demo_init(struct demo *demo, HINSTANCE hInstance, LPSTR pCmdLine)
2107#else  // _WIN32
2108static void demo_init(struct demo *demo, const int argc, const char *argv[])
2109#endif // _WIN32
2110{
2111    bool argv_error = false;
2112
2113    memset(demo, 0, sizeof(*demo));
2114
2115#ifdef _WIN32
2116    demo->connection = hInstance;
2117    strncpy(demo->name, APP_SHORT_NAME, APP_NAME_STR_LEN);
2118
2119    if (strncmp(pCmdLine, "--use_staging", strlen("--use_staging")) == 0)
2120        demo->use_staging_buffer = true;
2121    else if (strncmp(pCmdLine, "--use_glsl", strlen("--use_glsl")) == 0)
2122        demo->use_glsl = true;
2123    else if (strlen(pCmdLine) != 0) {
2124        fprintf(stderr, "Do not recognize argument \"%s\".\n", pCmdLine);
2125        argv_error = true;
2126    }
2127#else  // _WIN32
2128    for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2129        if (strncmp(argv[i], "--use_staging", strlen("--use_staging")) == 0)
2130            demo->use_staging_buffer = true;
2131        else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--use_glsl", strlen("--use_glsl")) == 0)
2132            demo->use_glsl = true;
2133    }
2134#endif // _WIN32
2135    if (argv_error) {
2136        fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n  %s [--use_staging]\n", APP_SHORT_NAME);
2137        fflush(stderr);
2138        exit(1);
2139    }
2140
2141    demo_init_connection(demo);
2142    demo_init_vk(demo);
2143
2144    demo->width = 300;
2145    demo->height = 300;
2146    demo->depthStencil = 1.0;
2147    demo->depthIncrement = -0.01f;
2148}
2149
2150static void demo_cleanup(struct demo *demo)
2151{
2152    uint32_t i;
2153
2154    demo->prepared = false;
2155
2156    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
2157        vkDestroyFramebuffer(demo->device, demo->framebuffers[i]);
2158    }
2159    free(demo->framebuffers);
2160    vkDestroyDescriptorPool(demo->device, demo->desc_pool);
2161
2162    if (demo->setup_cmd) {
2163        vkDestroyCommandBuffer(demo->device, demo->setup_cmd);
2164    }
2165    vkDestroyCommandBuffer(demo->device, demo->draw_cmd);
2166    vkDestroyCommandPool(demo->device, demo->cmd_pool);
2167
2168    vkDestroyPipeline(demo->device, demo->pipeline);
2169    vkDestroyRenderPass(demo->device, demo->render_pass);
2170    vkDestroyPipelineLayout(demo->device, demo->pipeline_layout);
2171    vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(demo->device, demo->desc_layout);
2172
2173    vkDestroyBuffer(demo->device, demo->vertices.buf);
2174    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->vertices.mem);
2175
2176    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
2177        vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->textures[i].view);
2178        vkDestroyImage(demo->device, demo->textures[i].image);
2179        vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->textures[i].mem);
2180        vkDestroySampler(demo->device, demo->textures[i].sampler);
2181    }
2182
2183    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
2184        vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->buffers[i].view);
2185    }
2186
2187    vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->depth.view);
2188    vkDestroyImage(demo->device, demo->depth.image);
2189    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->depth.mem);
2190
2191    demo->fpDestroySwapchainKHR(demo->device, demo->swap_chain);
2192    free(demo->buffers);
2193
2194    vkDestroyDevice(demo->device);
2195    vkDestroyInstance(demo->inst);
2196
2197    free(demo->queue_props);
2198
2199#ifndef _WIN32
2200    xcb_destroy_window(demo->connection, demo->window);
2201    xcb_disconnect(demo->connection);
2202    free(demo->atom_wm_delete_window);
2203#endif // _WIN32
2204}
2205
2206#ifdef _WIN32
2207int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
2208                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
2209                     LPSTR pCmdLine,
2210                     int nCmdShow)
2211{
2212    MSG msg;         // message
2213    bool done;        // flag saying when app is complete
2214
2215    demo_init(&demo, hInstance, pCmdLine);
2216    demo_create_window(&demo);
2217    demo_init_vk_swapchain(&demo);
2218
2219    demo_prepare(&demo);
2220
2221    done = false; //initialize loop condition variable
2222    /* main message loop*/
2223    while(!done)
2224    {
2225        PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE);
2226        if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) //check for a quit message
2227        {
2228            done = true; //if found, quit app
2229        }
2230        else
2231        {
2232            /* Translate and dispatch to event queue*/
2233            TranslateMessage(&msg);
2234            DispatchMessage(&msg);
2235        }
2236        RedrawWindow(demo.window, NULL, NULL, RDW_INTERNALPAINT);
2237    }
2238
2239    demo_cleanup(&demo);
2240
2241    return (int) msg.wParam;
2242}
2243#else  // _WIN32
2244int main(const int argc, const char *argv[])
2245{
2246    struct demo demo;
2247
2248    demo_init(&demo, argc, argv);
2249    demo_create_window(&demo);
2250    demo_init_vk_swapchain(&demo);
2251
2252    demo_prepare(&demo);
2253    demo_run(&demo);
2254
2255    demo_cleanup(&demo);
2256
2257    return 0;
2258}
2259#endif // _WIN32
2260