In broad terms, a codec processes input data to generate output data. It processes data asynchronously and uses a set of input and output buffers. At a simplistic level, you request (or receive) an empty input buffer, fill it up with data and send it to the codec for processing. The codec uses up the data and transforms it into one of its empty output buffers. Finally, you request (or receive) a filled output buffer, consume its contents and release it back to the codec.
Codecs operate on three kinds of data: compressed data, raw audio data and raw video data. All three kinds of data can be processed using {@link ByteBuffer ByteBuffers}, but you should use a {@link Surface} for raw video data to improve codec performance. Surface uses native video buffers without mapping or copying them to ByteBuffers; thus, it is much more efficient. You normally cannot access the raw video data when using a Surface, but you can use the {@link ImageReader} class to access unsecured decoded (raw) video frames. This may still be more efficient than using ByteBuffers, as some native buffers may be mapped into {@linkplain ByteBuffer#isDirect direct} ByteBuffers. When using ByteBuffer mode, you can access raw video frames using the {@link Image} class and {@link #getInputImage getInput}/{@link #getOutputImage OutputImage(int)}.
Input buffers (for decoders) and output buffers (for encoders) contain compressed data according to the {@linkplain MediaFormat#KEY_MIME format's type}. For video types this is normally a single compressed video frame. For audio data this is normally a single access unit (an encoded audio segment typically containing a few milliseconds of audio as dictated by the format type), but this requirement is slightly relaxed in that a buffer may contain multiple encoded access units of audio. In either case, buffers do not start or end on arbitrary byte boundaries, but rather on frame/access unit boundaries unless they are flagged with {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_PARTIAL_FRAME}.
Raw audio buffers contain entire frames of PCM audio data, which is one sample for each channel in channel order. Each sample is a {@linkplain AudioFormat#ENCODING_PCM_16BIT 16-bit signed integer in native byte order}.
short[] getSamplesForChannel(MediaCodec codec, int bufferId, int channelIx) {
ByteBuffer outputBuffer = codec.getOutputBuffer(bufferId);
MediaFormat format = codec.getOutputFormat(bufferId);
ShortBuffer samples = outputBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()).asShortBuffer();
int numChannels = formet.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT);
if (channelIx < 0 || channelIx >= numChannels) {
return null;
}
short[] res = new short[samples.remaining() / numChannels];
for (int i = 0; i < res.length; ++i) {
res[i] = samples.get(i * numChannels + channelIx);
}
return res;
}
In ByteBuffer mode video buffers are laid out according to their {@linkplain MediaFormat#KEY_COLOR_FORMAT color format}. You can get the supported color formats as an array from {@link #getCodecInfo}{@code .}{@link MediaCodecInfo#getCapabilitiesForType getCapabilitiesForType(…)}{@code .}{@link CodecCapabilities#colorFormats colorFormats}. Video codecs may support three kinds of color formats:
All video codecs support flexible YUV 4:2:0 buffers since {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP_MR1}.
Prior to {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP} and {@link Image} support, you need to use the {@link MediaFormat#KEY_STRIDE} and {@link MediaFormat#KEY_SLICE_HEIGHT} output format values to understand the layout of the raw output buffers.
Note that on some devices the slice-height is advertised as 0. This could mean either that the slice-height is the same as the frame height, or that the slice-height is the frame height aligned to some value (usually a power of 2). Unfortunately, there is no standard and simple way to tell the actual slice height in this case. Furthermore, the vertical stride of the {@code U} plane in planar formats is also not specified or defined, though usually it is half of the slice height.
The {@link MediaFormat#KEY_WIDTH} and {@link MediaFormat#KEY_HEIGHT} keys specify the size of the video frames; however, for most encondings the video (picture) only occupies a portion of the video frame. This is represented by the 'crop rectangle'.
You need to use the following keys to get the crop rectangle of raw output images from the {@linkplain #getOutputFormat output format}. If these keys are not present, the video occupies the entire video frame.The crop rectangle is understood in the context of the output frame before applying any {@linkplain MediaFormat#KEY_ROTATION rotation}.
| Format Key | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| {@code "crop-left"} | Integer | The left-coordinate (x) of the crop rectangle |
| {@code "crop-top"} | Integer | The top-coordinate (y) of the crop rectangle |
| {@code "crop-right"} | Integer | The right-coordinate (x) MINUS 1 of the crop rectangle |
| {@code "crop-bottom"} | Integer | The bottom-coordinate (y) MINUS 1 of the crop rectangle |
| The right and bottom coordinates can be understood as the coordinates of the right-most valid column/bottom-most valid row of the cropped output image. | ||
The size of the video frame (before rotation) can be calculated as such:
MediaFormat format = decoder.getOutputFormat(…);
int width = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_WIDTH);
if (format.containsKey("crop-left") && format.containsKey("crop-right")) {
width = format.getInteger("crop-right") + 1 - format.getInteger("crop-left");
}
int height = format.getInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_HEIGHT);
if (format.containsKey("crop-top") && format.containsKey("crop-bottom")) {
height = format.getInteger("crop-bottom") + 1 - format.getInteger("crop-top");
}
Also note that the meaning of {@link BufferInfo#offset BufferInfo.offset} was not consistent across devices. On some devices the offset pointed to the top-left pixel of the crop rectangle, while on most devices it pointed to the top-left pixel of the entire frame.
During its life a codec conceptually exists in one of three states: Stopped, Executing or Released. The Stopped collective state is actually the conglomeration of three states: Uninitialized, Configured and Error, whereas the Executing state conceptually progresses through three sub-states: Flushed, Running and End-of-Stream.
When you create a codec using one of the factory methods, the codec is in the Uninitialized state. First, you need to configure it via {@link #configure configure(…)}, which brings it to the Configured state, then call {@link #start} to move it to the Executing state. In this state you can process data through the buffer queue manipulation described above.
The Executing state has three sub-states: Flushed, Running and End-of-Stream. Immediately after {@link #start} the codec is in the Flushed sub-state, where it holds all the buffers. As soon as the first input buffer is dequeued, the codec moves to the Running sub-state, where it spends most of its life. When you queue an input buffer with the {@linkplain #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM end-of-stream marker}, the codec transitions to the End-of-Stream sub-state. In this state the codec no longer accepts further input buffers, but still generates output buffers until the end-of-stream is reached on the output. You can move back to the Flushed sub-state at any time while in the Executing state using {@link #flush}.
Call {@link #stop} to return the codec to the Uninitialized state, whereupon it may be configured again. When you are done using a codec, you must release it by calling {@link #release}.
On rare occasions the codec may encounter an error and move to the Error state. This is communicated using an invalid return value from a queuing operation, or sometimes via an exception. Call {@link #reset} to make the codec usable again. You can call it from any state to move the codec back to the Uninitialized state. Otherwise, call {@link #release} to move to the terminal Released state.
Use {@link MediaCodecList} to create a MediaCodec for a specific {@link MediaFormat}. When decoding a file or a stream, you can get the desired format from {@link MediaExtractor#getTrackFormat MediaExtractor.getTrackFormat}. Inject any specific features that you want to add using {@link MediaFormat#setFeatureEnabled MediaFormat.setFeatureEnabled}, then call {@link MediaCodecList#findDecoderForFormat MediaCodecList.findDecoderForFormat} to get the name of a codec that can handle that specific media format. Finally, create the codec using {@link #createByCodecName}.
Note: On {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP}, the format to
{@code MediaCodecList.findDecoder}/{@code EncoderForFormat} must not contain a {@linkplain
MediaFormat#KEY_FRAME_RATE frame rate}. Use
format.setString(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, null)
to clear any existing frame rate setting in the format.
You can also create the preferred codec for a specific MIME type using {@link #createDecoderByType createDecoder}/{@link #createEncoderByType EncoderByType(String)}. This, however, cannot be used to inject features, and may create a codec that cannot handle the specific desired media format.
On versions {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT_WATCH} and earlier, secure codecs might not be listed in {@link MediaCodecList}, but may still be available on the system. Secure codecs that exist can be instantiated by name only, by appending {@code ".secure"} to the name of a regular codec (the name of all secure codecs must end in {@code ".secure"}.) {@link #createByCodecName} will throw an {@code IOException} if the codec is not present on the system.
From {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP} onwards, you should use the {@link CodecCapabilities#FEATURE_SecurePlayback} feature in the media format to create a secure decoder.
After creating the codec, you can set a callback using {@link #setCallback setCallback} if you want to process data asynchronously. Then, {@linkplain #configure configure} the codec using the specific media format. This is when you can specify the output {@link Surface} for video producers – codecs that generate raw video data (e.g. video decoders). This is also when you can set the decryption parameters for secure codecs (see {@link MediaCrypto}). Finally, since some codecs can operate in multiple modes, you must specify whether you want it to work as a decoder or an encoder.
Since {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP}, you can query the resulting input and output format in the Configured state. You can use this to verify the resulting configuration, e.g. color formats, before starting the codec.
If you want to process raw input video buffers natively with a video consumer – a codec that processes raw video input, such as a video encoder – create a destination Surface for your input data using {@link #createInputSurface} after configuration. Alternately, set up the codec to use a previously created {@linkplain #createPersistentInputSurface persistent input surface} by calling {@link #setInputSurface}.
Some formats, notably AAC audio and MPEG4, H.264 and H.265 video formats require the actual data to be prefixed by a number of buffers containing setup data, or codec specific data. When processing such compressed formats, this data must be submitted to the codec after {@link #start} and before any frame data. Such data must be marked using the flag {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG} in a call to {@link #queueInputBuffer queueInputBuffer}.
Codec-specific data can also be included in the format passed to {@link #configure configure} in ByteBuffer entries with keys "csd-0", "csd-1", etc. These keys are always included in the track {@link MediaFormat} obtained from the {@link MediaExtractor#getTrackFormat MediaExtractor}. Codec-specific data in the format is automatically submitted to the codec upon {@link #start}; you MUST NOT submit this data explicitly. If the format did not contain codec specific data, you can choose to submit it using the specified number of buffers in the correct order, according to the format requirements. In case of H.264 AVC, you can also concatenate all codec-specific data and submit it as a single codec-config buffer.
Android uses the following codec-specific data buffers. These are also required to be set in the track format for proper {@link MediaMuxer} track configuration. Each parameter set and the codec-specific-data sections marked with (*) must start with a start code of {@code "\x00\x00\x00\x01"}.
| Format | CSD buffer #0 | CSD buffer #1 | CSD buffer #2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| AAC | Decoder-specific information from ESDS* | Not Used | Not Used |
| VORBIS | Identification header | Setup header | Not Used |
| OPUS | Identification header | Pre-skip in nanosecs (unsigned 64-bit {@linkplain ByteOrder#nativeOrder native-order} integer.) This overrides the pre-skip value in the identification header. |
Seek Pre-roll in nanosecs (unsigned 64-bit {@linkplain ByteOrder#nativeOrder native-order} integer.) |
| MPEG-4 | Decoder-specific information from ESDS* | Not Used | Not Used |
| H.264 AVC | SPS (Sequence Parameter Sets*) | PPS (Picture Parameter Sets*) | Not Used |
| H.265 HEVC | VPS (Video Parameter Sets*) + SPS (Sequence Parameter Sets*) + PPS (Picture Parameter Sets*) |
Not Used | Not Used |
| VP9 | VP9 CodecPrivate Data (optional) | Not Used | Not Used |
Note: care must be taken if the codec is flushed immediately or shortly after start, before any output buffer or output format change has been returned, as the codec specific data may be lost during the flush. You must resubmit the data using buffers marked with {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG} after such flush to ensure proper codec operation.
Encoders (or codecs that generate compressed data) will create and return the codec specific data before any valid output buffer in output buffers marked with the {@linkplain #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG codec-config flag}. Buffers containing codec-specific-data have no meaningful timestamps.
Each codec maintains a set of input and output buffers that are referred to by a buffer-ID in API calls. After a successful call to {@link #start} the client "owns" neither input nor output buffers. In synchronous mode, call {@link #dequeueInputBuffer dequeueInput}/{@link #dequeueOutputBuffer OutputBuffer(…)} to obtain (get ownership of) an input or output buffer from the codec. In asynchronous mode, you will automatically receive available buffers via the {@link Callback#onInputBufferAvailable MediaCodec.Callback.onInput}/{@link Callback#onOutputBufferAvailable OutputBufferAvailable(…)} callbacks.
Upon obtaining an input buffer, fill it with data and submit it to the codec using {@link #queueInputBuffer queueInputBuffer} – or {@link #queueSecureInputBuffer queueSecureInputBuffer} if using decryption. Do not submit multiple input buffers with the same timestamp (unless it is codec-specific data marked as such).
The codec in turn will return a read-only output buffer via the {@link Callback#onOutputBufferAvailable onOutputBufferAvailable} callback in asynchronous mode, or in response to a {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer dequeuOutputBuffer} call in synchronous mode. After the output buffer has been processed, call one of the {@link #releaseOutputBuffer releaseOutputBuffer} methods to return the buffer to the codec.
While you are not required to resubmit/release buffers immediately to the codec, holding onto input and/or output buffers may stall the codec, and this behavior is device dependent. Specifically, it is possible that a codec may hold off on generating output buffers until all outstanding buffers have been released/resubmitted. Therefore, try to hold onto to available buffers as little as possible.
Depending on the API version, you can process data in three ways:
| Processing Mode | API version <= 20 Jelly Bean/KitKat |
API version >= 21 Lollipop and later |
|---|---|---|
| Synchronous API using buffer arrays | Supported | Deprecated |
| Synchronous API using buffers | Not Available | Supported |
| Asynchronous API using buffers | Not Available | Supported |
Since {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP}, the preferred method is to process data asynchronously by setting a callback before calling {@link #configure configure}. Asynchronous mode changes the state transitions slightly, because you must call {@link #start} after {@link #flush} to transition the codec to the Running sub-state and start receiving input buffers. Similarly, upon an initial call to {@code start} the codec will move directly to the Running sub-state and start passing available input buffers via the callback.
MediaCodec is typically used like this in asynchronous mode:
MediaCodec codec = MediaCodec.createByCodecName(name);
MediaFormat mOutputFormat; // member variable
codec.setCallback(new MediaCodec.Callback() {
{@literal @Override}
void onInputBufferAvailable(MediaCodec mc, int inputBufferId) {
ByteBuffer inputBuffer = codec.getInputBuffer(inputBufferId);
// fill inputBuffer with valid data
…
codec.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, …);
}
{@literal @Override}
void onOutputBufferAvailable(MediaCodec mc, int outputBufferId, …) {
ByteBuffer outputBuffer = codec.getOutputBuffer(outputBufferId);
MediaFormat bufferFormat = codec.getOutputFormat(outputBufferId); // option A
// bufferFormat is equivalent to mOutputFormat
// outputBuffer is ready to be processed or rendered.
…
codec.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferId, …);
}
{@literal @Override}
void onOutputFormatChanged(MediaCodec mc, MediaFormat format) {
// Subsequent data will conform to new format.
// Can ignore if using getOutputFormat(outputBufferId)
mOutputFormat = format; // option B
}
{@literal @Override}
void onError(…) {
…
}
});
codec.configure(format, …);
mOutputFormat = codec.getOutputFormat(); // option B
codec.start();
// wait for processing to complete
codec.stop();
codec.release();
Since {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP}, you should retrieve input and output buffers using {@link #getInputBuffer getInput}/{@link #getOutputBuffer OutputBuffer(int)} and/or {@link #getInputImage getInput}/{@link #getOutputImage OutputImage(int)} even when using the codec in synchronous mode. This allows certain optimizations by the framework, e.g. when processing dynamic content. This optimization is disabled if you call {@link #getInputBuffers getInput}/{@link #getOutputBuffers OutputBuffers()}.
Note: do not mix the methods of using buffers and buffer arrays at the same time. Specifically, only call {@code getInput}/{@code OutputBuffers} directly after {@link #start} or after having dequeued an output buffer ID with the value of {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED}.
MediaCodec is typically used like this in synchronous mode:
MediaCodec codec = MediaCodec.createByCodecName(name);
codec.configure(format, …);
MediaFormat outputFormat = codec.getOutputFormat(); // option B
codec.start();
for (;;) {
int inputBufferId = codec.dequeueInputBuffer(timeoutUs);
if (inputBufferId >= 0) {
ByteBuffer inputBuffer = codec.getInputBuffer(…);
// fill inputBuffer with valid data
…
codec.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, …);
}
int outputBufferId = codec.dequeueOutputBuffer(…);
if (outputBufferId >= 0) {
ByteBuffer outputBuffer = codec.getOutputBuffer(outputBufferId);
MediaFormat bufferFormat = codec.getOutputFormat(outputBufferId); // option A
// bufferFormat is identical to outputFormat
// outputBuffer is ready to be processed or rendered.
…
codec.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferId, …);
} else if (outputBufferId == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED) {
// Subsequent data will conform to new format.
// Can ignore if using getOutputFormat(outputBufferId)
outputFormat = codec.getOutputFormat(); // option B
}
}
codec.stop();
codec.release();
In versions {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT_WATCH} and before, the set of input and output buffers are represented by the {@code ByteBuffer[]} arrays. After a successful call to {@link #start}, retrieve the buffer arrays using {@link #getInputBuffers getInput}/{@link #getOutputBuffers OutputBuffers()}. Use the buffer ID-s as indices into these arrays (when non-negative), as demonstrated in the sample below. Note that there is no inherent correlation between the size of the arrays and the number of input and output buffers used by the system, although the array size provides an upper bound.
MediaCodec codec = MediaCodec.createByCodecName(name);
codec.configure(format, …);
codec.start();
ByteBuffer[] inputBuffers = codec.getInputBuffers();
ByteBuffer[] outputBuffers = codec.getOutputBuffers();
for (;;) {
int inputBufferId = codec.dequeueInputBuffer(…);
if (inputBufferId >= 0) {
// fill inputBuffers[inputBufferId] with valid data
…
codec.queueInputBuffer(inputBufferId, …);
}
int outputBufferId = codec.dequeueOutputBuffer(…);
if (outputBufferId >= 0) {
// outputBuffers[outputBufferId] is ready to be processed or rendered.
…
codec.releaseOutputBuffer(outputBufferId, …);
} else if (outputBufferId == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_BUFFERS_CHANGED) {
outputBuffers = codec.getOutputBuffers();
} else if (outputBufferId == MediaCodec.INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED) {
// Subsequent data will conform to new format.
MediaFormat format = codec.getOutputFormat();
}
}
codec.stop();
codec.release();
When you reach the end of the input data, you must signal it to the codec by specifying the {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM} flag in the call to {@link #queueInputBuffer queueInputBuffer}. You can do this on the last valid input buffer, or by submitting an additional empty input buffer with the end-of-stream flag set. If using an empty buffer, the timestamp will be ignored.
The codec will continue to return output buffers until it eventually signals the end of the output stream by specifying the same end-of-stream flag in the {@link BufferInfo} set in {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer dequeueOutputBuffer} or returned via {@link Callback#onOutputBufferAvailable onOutputBufferAvailable}. This can be set on the last valid output buffer, or on an empty buffer after the last valid output buffer. The timestamp of such empty buffer should be ignored.
Do not submit additional input buffers after signaling the end of the input stream, unless the codec has been flushed, or stopped and restarted.
The data processing is nearly identical to the ByteBuffer mode when using an output {@link Surface}; however, the output buffers will not be accessible, and are represented as {@code null} values. E.g. {@link #getOutputBuffer getOutputBuffer}/{@link #getOutputImage Image(int)} will return {@code null} and {@link #getOutputBuffers} will return an array containing only {@code null}-s.
When using an output Surface, you can select whether or not to render each output buffer on the surface. You have three choices:
Since {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#M}, the default timestamp is the {@linkplain BufferInfo#presentationTimeUs presentation timestamp} of the buffer (converted to nanoseconds). It was not defined prior to that.
Also since {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#M}, you can change the output Surface dynamically using {@link #setOutputSurface setOutputSurface}.
Prior to the {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#M} release, software decoders may not have applied the rotation when being rendered onto a Surface. Unfortunately, there is no standard and simple way to identify software decoders, or if they apply the rotation other than by trying it out.
There are also some caveats.
Note that the pixel aspect ratio is not considered when displaying the output onto the Surface. This means that if you are using {@link #VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT} mode, you must position the output Surface so that it has the proper final display aspect ratio. Conversely, you can only use {@link #VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT_WITH_CROPPING} mode for content with square pixels (pixel aspect ratio or 1:1).
Note also that as of {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#N} release, {@link #VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT_WITH_CROPPING} mode may not work correctly for videos rotated by 90 or 270 degrees.
When setting the video scaling mode, note that it must be reset after each time the output buffers change. Since the {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_BUFFERS_CHANGED} event is deprecated, you can do this after each time the output format changes.
When using an input Surface, there are no accessible input buffers, as buffers are automatically passed from the input surface to the codec. Calling {@link #dequeueInputBuffer dequeueInputBuffer} will throw an {@code IllegalStateException}, and {@link #getInputBuffers} returns a bogus {@code ByteBuffer[]} array that MUST NOT be written into.
Call {@link #signalEndOfInputStream} to signal end-of-stream. The input surface will stop submitting data to the codec immediately after this call.
Video decoders (and in general codecs that consume compressed video data) behave differently regarding seek and format change whether or not they support and are configured for adaptive playback. You can check if a decoder supports {@linkplain CodecCapabilities#FEATURE_AdaptivePlayback adaptive playback} via {@link CodecCapabilities#isFeatureSupported CodecCapabilities.isFeatureSupported(String)}. Adaptive playback support for video decoders is only activated if you configure the codec to decode onto a {@link Surface}.
It is important that the input data after {@link #start} or {@link #flush} starts at a suitable stream boundary: the first frame must a key frame. A key frame can be decoded completely on its own (for most codecs this means an I-frame), and no frames that are to be displayed after a key frame refer to frames before the key frame.
The following table summarizes suitable key frames for various video formats.
| Format | Suitable key frame |
|---|---|
| VP9/VP8 | a suitable intraframe where no subsequent frames refer to frames prior to this frame. (There is no specific name for such key frame.) |
| H.265 HEVC | IDR or CRA |
| H.264 AVC | IDR |
| MPEG-4 H.263 MPEG-2 |
a suitable I-frame where no subsequent frames refer to frames prior to this frame. (There is no specific name for such key frame.) |
In order to start decoding data that is not adjacent to previously submitted data (i.e. after a seek) you MUST flush the decoder. Since all output buffers are immediately revoked at the point of the flush, you may want to first signal then wait for the end-of-stream before you call {@code flush}. It is important that the input data after a flush starts at a suitable stream boundary/key frame.
Note: the format of the data submitted after a flush must not change; {@link #flush} does not support format discontinuities; for that, a full {@link #stop} - {@link #configure configure(…)} - {@link #start} cycle is necessary.
Also note: if you flush the codec too soon after {@link #start} – generally, before the first output buffer or output format change is received – you will need to resubmit the codec-specific-data to the codec. See the codec-specific-data section for more info.
In order to start decoding data that is not adjacent to previously submitted data (i.e. after a seek) it is not necessary to flush the decoder; however, input data after the discontinuity must start at a suitable stream boundary/key frame.
For some video formats - namely H.264, H.265, VP8 and VP9 - it is also possible to change the picture size or configuration mid-stream. To do this you must package the entire new codec-specific configuration data together with the key frame into a single buffer (including any start codes), and submit it as a regular input buffer.
You will receive an {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED} return value from {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer dequeueOutputBuffer} or a {@link Callback#onOutputBufferAvailable onOutputFormatChanged} callback just after the picture-size change takes place and before any frames with the new size have been returned.
Note: just as the case for codec-specific data, be careful when calling {@link #flush} shortly after you have changed the picture size. If you have not received confirmation of the picture size change, you will need to repeat the request for the new picture size.
The factory methods {@link #createByCodecName createByCodecName} and {@link #createDecoderByType createDecoder}/{@link #createEncoderByType EncoderByType} throw {@code IOException} on failure which you must catch or declare to pass up. MediaCodec methods throw {@code IllegalStateException} when the method is called from a codec state that does not allow it; this is typically due to incorrect application API usage. Methods involving secure buffers may throw {@link CryptoException}, which has further error information obtainable from {@link CryptoException#getErrorCode}.
Internal codec errors result in a {@link CodecException}, which may be due to media content corruption, hardware failure, resource exhaustion, and so forth, even when the application is correctly using the API. The recommended action when receiving a {@code CodecException} can be determined by calling {@link CodecException#isRecoverable} and {@link CodecException#isTransient}:
Both {@code isRecoverable()} and {@code isTransient()} do not return true at the same time.
This sections summarizes the valid API calls in each state and the API history of the MediaCodec class. For API version numbers, see {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES}.
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ● | Supported |
| ⁕ | Semantics changed |
| ○ | Experimental support |
| [ ] | Deprecated |
| ⎋ | Restricted to surface input mode |
| ⎆ | Restricted to surface output mode |
| ▧ | Restricted to ByteBuffer input mode |
| ↩ | Restricted to synchronous mode |
| ⇄ | Restricted to asynchronous mode |
| ( ) | Can be called, but shouldn't |
Uninitialized |
Configured |
Flushed |
Running |
End of Stream |
Error |
Released |
SDK Version | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Method | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | ||||||
| {@link #createByCodecName createByCodecName} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
| {@link #createDecoderByType createDecoderByType} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
| {@link #createEncoderByType createEncoderByType} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
| {@link #createPersistentInputSurface createPersistentInputSurface} | ● | ||||||||||||||
| 16+ | - | - | - | - | - | - | {@link #configure configure} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ⁕ | ● | ● |
| - | 18+ | - | - | - | - | - | {@link #createInputSurface createInputSurface} | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ||
| - | - | 16+ | 16+ | (16+) | - | - | {@link #dequeueInputBuffer dequeueInputBuffer} | ● | ● | ▧ | ▧ | ▧ | ⁕▧↩ | ▧↩ | ▧↩ |
| - | - | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | - | - | {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer dequeueOutputBuffer} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ⁕↩ | ↩ | ↩ |
| - | - | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | - | - | {@link #flush flush} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | - | {@link #getCodecInfo getCodecInfo} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
| - | - | (21+) | 21+ | (21+) | - | - | {@link #getInputBuffer getInputBuffer} | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| - | - | 16+ | (16+) | (16+) | - | - | {@link #getInputBuffers getInputBuffers} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | [⁕↩] | [↩] | [↩] |
| - | 21+ | (21+) | (21+) | (21+) | - | - | {@link #getInputFormat getInputFormat} | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| - | - | (21+) | 21+ | (21+) | - | - | {@link #getInputImage getInputImage} | ○ | ● | ● | |||||
| 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | 18+ | - | {@link #getName getName} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
| - | - | (21+) | 21+ | 21+ | - | - | {@link #getOutputBuffer getOutputBuffer} | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| - | - | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | - | - | {@link #getOutputBuffers getOutputBuffers} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | [⁕↩] | [↩] | [↩] |
| - | 21+ | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | - | - | {@link #getOutputFormat()} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| - | - | (21+) | 21+ | 21+ | - | - | {@link #getOutputFormat(int)} | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| - | - | (21+) | 21+ | 21+ | - | - | {@link #getOutputImage getOutputImage} | ○ | ● | ● | |||||
| - | - | - | 16+ | (16+) | - | - | {@link #queueInputBuffer queueInputBuffer} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ⁕ | ● | ● |
| - | - | - | 16+ | (16+) | - | - | {@link #queueSecureInputBuffer queueSecureInputBuffer} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ⁕ | ● | ● |
| 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | {@link #release release} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| - | - | - | 16+ | 16+ | - | - | {@link #releaseOutputBuffer(int, boolean)} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ⁕ | ● | ⁕ |
| - | - | - | 21+ | 21+ | - | - | {@link #releaseOutputBuffer(int, long)} | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ | |||||
| 21+ | 21+ | 21+ | 21+ | 21+ | 21+ | - | {@link #reset reset} | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| 21+ | - | - | - | - | - | - | {@link #setCallback(Callback) setCallback} | ● | ● | {@link #setCallback(Callback, Handler) ⁕} | |||||
| - | 23+ | - | - | - | - | - | {@link #setInputSurface setInputSurface} | ⎋ | |||||||
| 23+ | 23+ | 23+ | 23+ | 23+ | (23+) | (23+) | {@link #setOnFrameRenderedListener setOnFrameRenderedListener} | ○ ⎆ | |||||||
| - | 23+ | 23+ | 23+ | 23+ | - | - | {@link #setOutputSurface setOutputSurface} | ⎆ | |||||||
| 19+ | 19+ | 19+ | 19+ | 19+ | (19+) | - | {@link #setParameters setParameters} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
| - | (16+) | (16+) | 16+ | (16+) | (16+) | - | {@link #setVideoScalingMode setVideoScalingMode} | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ | ⎆ |
| - | - | 18+ | 18+ | - | - | - | {@link #signalEndOfInputStream signalEndOfInputStream} | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ⎋ | ||
| - | 16+ | 21+(⇄) | - | - | - | - | {@link #start start} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ⁕ | ● | ● |
| - | - | 16+ | 16+ | 16+ | - | - | {@link #stop stop} | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
Encoded buffers that are key frames are marked with * {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME}. * *
The last output buffer corresponding to the input buffer
* marked with {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM} will also be marked
* with {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM}. In some cases this could
* be an empty buffer, whose sole purpose is to carry the end-of-stream
* marker.
*/
@BufferFlag
public int flags;
/** @hide */
@NonNull
public BufferInfo dup() {
BufferInfo copy = new BufferInfo();
copy.set(offset, size, presentationTimeUs, flags);
return copy;
}
};
// The follow flag constants MUST stay in sync with their equivalents
// in MediaCodec.h !
/**
* This indicates that the (encoded) buffer marked as such contains
* the data for a key frame.
*
* @deprecated Use {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME} instead.
*/
public static final int BUFFER_FLAG_SYNC_FRAME = 1;
/**
* This indicates that the (encoded) buffer marked as such contains
* the data for a key frame.
*/
public static final int BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME = 1;
/**
* This indicated that the buffer marked as such contains codec
* initialization / codec specific data instead of media data.
*/
public static final int BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG = 2;
/**
* This signals the end of stream, i.e. no buffers will be available
* after this, unless of course, {@link #flush} follows.
*/
public static final int BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM = 4;
/**
* This indicates that the buffer only contains part of a frame,
* and the decoder should batch the data until a buffer without
* this flag appears before decoding the frame.
*/
public static final int BUFFER_FLAG_PARTIAL_FRAME = 8;
/** @hide */
@IntDef(
flag = true,
value = {
BUFFER_FLAG_SYNC_FRAME,
BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME,
BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG,
BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM,
BUFFER_FLAG_PARTIAL_FRAME,
})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface BufferFlag {}
private EventHandler mEventHandler;
private EventHandler mOnFrameRenderedHandler;
private EventHandler mCallbackHandler;
private Callback mCallback;
private OnFrameRenderedListener mOnFrameRenderedListener;
private Object mListenerLock = new Object();
private static final int EVENT_CALLBACK = 1;
private static final int EVENT_SET_CALLBACK = 2;
private static final int EVENT_FRAME_RENDERED = 3;
private static final int CB_INPUT_AVAILABLE = 1;
private static final int CB_OUTPUT_AVAILABLE = 2;
private static final int CB_ERROR = 3;
private static final int CB_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGE = 4;
private class EventHandler extends Handler {
private MediaCodec mCodec;
public EventHandler(@NonNull MediaCodec codec, @NonNull Looper looper) {
super(looper);
mCodec = codec;
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case EVENT_CALLBACK:
{
handleCallback(msg);
break;
}
case EVENT_SET_CALLBACK:
{
mCallback = (MediaCodec.Callback) msg.obj;
break;
}
case EVENT_FRAME_RENDERED:
synchronized (mListenerLock) {
Map
* This can only be used if the codec was configured with an output surface. The
* new output surface should have a compatible usage type to the original output surface.
* E.g. codecs may not support switching from a SurfaceTexture (GPU readable) output
* to ImageReader (software readable) output.
* @param surface the output surface to use. It must not be {@code null}.
* @throws IllegalStateException if the codec does not support setting the output
* surface in the current state.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the new surface is not of a suitable type for the codec.
*/
public void setOutputSurface(@NonNull Surface surface) {
if (!mHasSurface) {
throw new IllegalStateException("codec was not configured for an output surface");
}
native_setSurface(surface);
}
private native void native_setSurface(@NonNull Surface surface);
/**
* Create a persistent input surface that can be used with codecs that normally have an input
* surface, such as video encoders. A persistent input can be reused by subsequent
* {@link MediaCodec} or {@link MediaRecorder} instances, but can only be used by at
* most one codec or recorder instance concurrently.
*
* The application is responsible for calling release() on the Surface when done.
*
* @return an input surface that can be used with {@link #setInputSurface}.
*/
@NonNull
public static Surface createPersistentInputSurface() {
return native_createPersistentInputSurface();
}
static class PersistentSurface extends Surface {
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
PersistentSurface() {} // used by native
@Override
public void release() {
native_releasePersistentInputSurface(this);
super.release();
}
private long mPersistentObject;
};
/**
* Configures the codec (e.g. encoder) to use a persistent input surface in place of input
* buffers. This may only be called after {@link #configure} and before {@link #start}, in
* lieu of {@link #createInputSurface}.
* @param surface a persistent input surface created by {@link #createPersistentInputSurface}
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Configured state or does not require an input
* surface.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the surface was not created by
* {@link #createPersistentInputSurface}.
*/
public void setInputSurface(@NonNull Surface surface) {
if (!(surface instanceof PersistentSurface)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not a PersistentSurface");
}
native_setInputSurface(surface);
}
@NonNull
private static native final PersistentSurface native_createPersistentInputSurface();
private static native final void native_releasePersistentInputSurface(@NonNull Surface surface);
private native final void native_setInputSurface(@NonNull Surface surface);
private native final void native_setCallback(@Nullable Callback cb);
private native final void native_configure(
@Nullable String[] keys, @Nullable Object[] values,
@Nullable Surface surface, @Nullable MediaCrypto crypto,
@Nullable IBinder descramblerBinder, @ConfigureFlag int flags);
/**
* Requests a Surface to use as the input to an encoder, in place of input buffers. This
* may only be called after {@link #configure} and before {@link #start}.
*
* The application is responsible for calling release() on the Surface when
* done.
*
* The Surface must be rendered with a hardware-accelerated API, such as OpenGL ES.
* {@link android.view.Surface#lockCanvas(android.graphics.Rect)} may fail or produce
* unexpected results.
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Configured state.
*/
@NonNull
public native final Surface createInputSurface();
/**
* After successfully configuring the component, call {@code start}.
*
* Call {@code start} also if the codec is configured in asynchronous mode,
* and it has just been flushed, to resume requesting input buffers.
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Configured state
* or just after {@link #flush} for a codec that is configured
* in asynchronous mode.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error. Note that some codec errors
* for start may be attributed to future method calls.
*/
public final void start() {
native_start();
synchronized(mBufferLock) {
cacheBuffers(true /* input */);
cacheBuffers(false /* input */);
}
}
private native final void native_start();
/**
* Finish the decode/encode session, note that the codec instance
* remains active and ready to be {@link #start}ed again.
* To ensure that it is available to other client call {@link #release}
* and don't just rely on garbage collection to eventually do this for you.
* @throws IllegalStateException if in the Released state.
*/
public final void stop() {
native_stop();
freeAllTrackedBuffers();
synchronized (mListenerLock) {
if (mCallbackHandler != null) {
mCallbackHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_SET_CALLBACK);
mCallbackHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_CALLBACK);
}
if (mOnFrameRenderedHandler != null) {
mOnFrameRenderedHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_FRAME_RENDERED);
}
}
}
private native final void native_stop();
/**
* Flush both input and output ports of the component.
*
* Upon return, all indices previously returned in calls to {@link #dequeueInputBuffer
* dequeueInputBuffer} and {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer dequeueOutputBuffer} — or obtained
* via {@link Callback#onInputBufferAvailable onInputBufferAvailable} or
* {@link Callback#onOutputBufferAvailable onOutputBufferAvailable} callbacks — become
* invalid, and all buffers are owned by the codec.
*
* If the codec is configured in asynchronous mode, call {@link #start}
* after {@code flush} has returned to resume codec operations. The codec
* will not request input buffers until this has happened.
* Note, however, that there may still be outstanding {@code onOutputBufferAvailable}
* callbacks that were not handled prior to calling {@code flush}.
* The indices returned via these callbacks also become invalid upon calling {@code flush} and
* should be discarded.
*
* If the codec is configured in synchronous mode, codec will resume
* automatically if it is configured with an input surface. Otherwise, it
* will resume when {@link #dequeueInputBuffer dequeueInputBuffer} is called.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
*/
public final void flush() {
synchronized(mBufferLock) {
invalidateByteBuffers(mCachedInputBuffers);
invalidateByteBuffers(mCachedOutputBuffers);
mDequeuedInputBuffers.clear();
mDequeuedOutputBuffers.clear();
}
native_flush();
}
private native final void native_flush();
/**
* Thrown when an internal codec error occurs.
*/
public final static class CodecException extends IllegalStateException {
CodecException(int errorCode, int actionCode, @Nullable String detailMessage) {
super(detailMessage);
mErrorCode = errorCode;
mActionCode = actionCode;
// TODO get this from codec
final String sign = errorCode < 0 ? "neg_" : "";
mDiagnosticInfo =
"android.media.MediaCodec.error_" + sign + Math.abs(errorCode);
}
/**
* Returns true if the codec exception is a transient issue,
* perhaps due to resource constraints, and that the method
* (or encoding/decoding) may be retried at a later time.
*/
public boolean isTransient() {
return mActionCode == ACTION_TRANSIENT;
}
/**
* Returns true if the codec cannot proceed further,
* but can be recovered by stopping, configuring,
* and starting again.
*/
public boolean isRecoverable() {
return mActionCode == ACTION_RECOVERABLE;
}
/**
* Retrieve the error code associated with a CodecException
*/
public int getErrorCode() {
return mErrorCode;
}
/**
* Retrieve a developer-readable diagnostic information string
* associated with the exception. Do not show this to end-users,
* since this string will not be localized or generally
* comprehensible to end-users.
*/
public @NonNull String getDiagnosticInfo() {
return mDiagnosticInfo;
}
/**
* This indicates required resource was not able to be allocated.
*/
public static final int ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCE = 1100;
/**
* This indicates the resource manager reclaimed the media resource used by the codec.
*
* With this exception, the codec must be released, as it has moved to terminal state.
*/
public static final int ERROR_RECLAIMED = 1101;
/** @hide */
@IntDef({
ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCE,
ERROR_RECLAIMED,
})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface ReasonCode {}
/* Must be in sync with android_media_MediaCodec.cpp */
private final static int ACTION_TRANSIENT = 1;
private final static int ACTION_RECOVERABLE = 2;
private final String mDiagnosticInfo;
private final int mErrorCode;
private final int mActionCode;
}
/**
* Thrown when a crypto error occurs while queueing a secure input buffer.
*/
public final static class CryptoException extends RuntimeException {
public CryptoException(int errorCode, @Nullable String detailMessage) {
super(detailMessage);
mErrorCode = errorCode;
}
/**
* This indicates that the requested key was not found when trying to
* perform a decrypt operation. The operation can be retried after adding
* the correct decryption key.
*/
public static final int ERROR_NO_KEY = 1;
/**
* This indicates that the key used for decryption is no longer
* valid due to license term expiration. The operation can be retried
* after updating the expired keys.
*/
public static final int ERROR_KEY_EXPIRED = 2;
/**
* This indicates that a required crypto resource was not able to be
* allocated while attempting the requested operation. The operation
* can be retried if the app is able to release resources.
*/
public static final int ERROR_RESOURCE_BUSY = 3;
/**
* This indicates that the output protection levels supported by the
* device are not sufficient to meet the requirements set by the
* content owner in the license policy.
*/
public static final int ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_OUTPUT_PROTECTION = 4;
/**
* This indicates that decryption was attempted on a session that is
* not opened, which could be due to a failure to open the session,
* closing the session prematurely, or the session being reclaimed
* by the resource manager.
*/
public static final int ERROR_SESSION_NOT_OPENED = 5;
/**
* This indicates that an operation was attempted that could not be
* supported by the crypto system of the device in its current
* configuration. It may occur when the license policy requires
* device security features that aren't supported by the device,
* or due to an internal error in the crypto system that prevents
* the specified security policy from being met.
*/
public static final int ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION = 6;
/** @hide */
@IntDef({
ERROR_NO_KEY,
ERROR_KEY_EXPIRED,
ERROR_RESOURCE_BUSY,
ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_OUTPUT_PROTECTION,
ERROR_SESSION_NOT_OPENED,
ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION
})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface CryptoErrorCode {}
/**
* Retrieve the error code associated with a CryptoException
*/
@CryptoErrorCode
public int getErrorCode() {
return mErrorCode;
}
private int mErrorCode;
}
/**
* After filling a range of the input buffer at the specified index
* submit it to the component. Once an input buffer is queued to
* the codec, it MUST NOT be used until it is later retrieved by
* {@link #getInputBuffer} in response to a {@link #dequeueInputBuffer}
* return value or a {@link Callback#onInputBufferAvailable}
* callback.
*
* Many decoders require the actual compressed data stream to be
* preceded by "codec specific data", i.e. setup data used to initialize
* the codec such as PPS/SPS in the case of AVC video or code tables
* in the case of vorbis audio.
* The class {@link android.media.MediaExtractor} provides codec
* specific data as part of
* the returned track format in entries named "csd-0", "csd-1" ...
*
* These buffers can be submitted directly after {@link #start} or
* {@link #flush} by specifying the flag {@link
* #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG}. However, if you configure the
* codec with a {@link MediaFormat} containing these keys, they
* will be automatically submitted by MediaCodec directly after
* start. Therefore, the use of {@link
* #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG} flag is discouraged and is
* recommended only for advanced users.
*
* To indicate that this is the final piece of input data (or rather that
* no more input data follows unless the decoder is subsequently flushed)
* specify the flag {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM}.
*
* Note: Prior to {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#M},
* {@code presentationTimeUs} was not propagated to the frame timestamp of (rendered)
* Surface output buffers, and the resulting frame timestamp was undefined.
* Use {@link #releaseOutputBuffer(int, long)} to ensure a specific frame timestamp is set.
* Similarly, since frame timestamps can be used by the destination surface for rendering
* synchronization, care must be taken to normalize presentationTimeUs so as to not be
* mistaken for a system time. (See {@linkplain #releaseOutputBuffer(int, long)
* SurfaceView specifics}).
*
* @param index The index of a client-owned input buffer previously returned
* in a call to {@link #dequeueInputBuffer}.
* @param offset The byte offset into the input buffer at which the data starts.
* @param size The number of bytes of valid input data.
* @param presentationTimeUs The presentation timestamp in microseconds for this
* buffer. This is normally the media time at which this
* buffer should be presented (rendered). When using an output
* surface, this will be propagated as the {@link
* SurfaceTexture#getTimestamp timestamp} for the frame (after
* conversion to nanoseconds).
* @param flags A bitmask of flags
* {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG} and {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM}.
* While not prohibited, most codecs do not use the
* {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME} flag for input buffers.
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
* @throws CryptoException if a crypto object has been specified in
* {@link #configure}
*/
public final void queueInputBuffer(
int index,
int offset, int size, long presentationTimeUs, int flags)
throws CryptoException {
synchronized(mBufferLock) {
invalidateByteBuffer(mCachedInputBuffers, index);
mDequeuedInputBuffers.remove(index);
}
try {
native_queueInputBuffer(
index, offset, size, presentationTimeUs, flags);
} catch (CryptoException | IllegalStateException e) {
revalidateByteBuffer(mCachedInputBuffers, index);
throw e;
}
}
private native final void native_queueInputBuffer(
int index,
int offset, int size, long presentationTimeUs, int flags)
throws CryptoException;
public static final int CRYPTO_MODE_UNENCRYPTED = 0;
public static final int CRYPTO_MODE_AES_CTR = 1;
public static final int CRYPTO_MODE_AES_CBC = 2;
/**
* Metadata describing the structure of a (at least partially) encrypted
* input sample.
* A buffer's data is considered to be partitioned into "subSamples",
* each subSample starts with a (potentially empty) run of plain,
* unencrypted bytes followed by a (also potentially empty) run of
* encrypted bytes. If pattern encryption applies, each of the latter runs
* is encrypted only partly, according to a repeating pattern of "encrypt"
* and "skip" blocks. numBytesOfClearData can be null to indicate that all
* data is encrypted. This information encapsulates per-sample metadata as
* outlined in ISO/IEC FDIS 23001-7:2011 "Common encryption in ISO base
* media file format files".
*/
public final static class CryptoInfo {
/**
* The number of subSamples that make up the buffer's contents.
*/
public int numSubSamples;
/**
* The number of leading unencrypted bytes in each subSample.
*/
public int[] numBytesOfClearData;
/**
* The number of trailing encrypted bytes in each subSample.
*/
public int[] numBytesOfEncryptedData;
/**
* A 16-byte key id
*/
public byte[] key;
/**
* A 16-byte initialization vector
*/
public byte[] iv;
/**
* The type of encryption that has been applied,
* see {@link #CRYPTO_MODE_UNENCRYPTED}, {@link #CRYPTO_MODE_AES_CTR}
* and {@link #CRYPTO_MODE_AES_CBC}
*/
public int mode;
/**
* Metadata describing an encryption pattern for the protected bytes in
* a subsample. An encryption pattern consists of a repeating sequence
* of crypto blocks comprised of a number of encrypted blocks followed
* by a number of unencrypted, or skipped, blocks.
*/
public final static class Pattern {
/**
* Number of blocks to be encrypted in the pattern. If zero, pattern
* encryption is inoperative.
*/
private int mEncryptBlocks;
/**
* Number of blocks to be skipped (left clear) in the pattern. If zero,
* pattern encryption is inoperative.
*/
private int mSkipBlocks;
/**
* Construct a sample encryption pattern given the number of blocks to
* encrypt and skip in the pattern.
*/
public Pattern(int blocksToEncrypt, int blocksToSkip) {
set(blocksToEncrypt, blocksToSkip);
}
/**
* Set the number of blocks to encrypt and skip in a sample encryption
* pattern.
*/
public void set(int blocksToEncrypt, int blocksToSkip) {
mEncryptBlocks = blocksToEncrypt;
mSkipBlocks = blocksToSkip;
}
/**
* Return the number of blocks to skip in a sample encryption pattern.
*/
public int getSkipBlocks() {
return mSkipBlocks;
}
/**
* Return the number of blocks to encrypt in a sample encryption pattern.
*/
public int getEncryptBlocks() {
return mEncryptBlocks;
}
};
/**
* The pattern applicable to the protected data in each subsample.
*/
private Pattern pattern;
/**
* Set the subsample count, clear/encrypted sizes, key, IV and mode fields of
* a {@link MediaCodec.CryptoInfo} instance.
*/
public void set(
int newNumSubSamples,
@NonNull int[] newNumBytesOfClearData,
@NonNull int[] newNumBytesOfEncryptedData,
@NonNull byte[] newKey,
@NonNull byte[] newIV,
int newMode) {
numSubSamples = newNumSubSamples;
numBytesOfClearData = newNumBytesOfClearData;
numBytesOfEncryptedData = newNumBytesOfEncryptedData;
key = newKey;
iv = newIV;
mode = newMode;
pattern = new Pattern(0, 0);
}
/**
* Set the encryption pattern on a {@link MediaCodec.CryptoInfo} instance.
* See {@link MediaCodec.CryptoInfo.Pattern}.
*/
public void setPattern(Pattern newPattern) {
pattern = newPattern;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append(numSubSamples + " subsamples, key [");
String hexdigits = "0123456789abcdef";
for (int i = 0; i < key.length; i++) {
builder.append(hexdigits.charAt((key[i] & 0xf0) >> 4));
builder.append(hexdigits.charAt(key[i] & 0x0f));
}
builder.append("], iv [");
for (int i = 0; i < key.length; i++) {
builder.append(hexdigits.charAt((iv[i] & 0xf0) >> 4));
builder.append(hexdigits.charAt(iv[i] & 0x0f));
}
builder.append("], clear ");
builder.append(Arrays.toString(numBytesOfClearData));
builder.append(", encrypted ");
builder.append(Arrays.toString(numBytesOfEncryptedData));
return builder.toString();
}
};
/**
* Similar to {@link #queueInputBuffer queueInputBuffer} but submits a buffer that is
* potentially encrypted.
* Check out further notes at {@link #queueInputBuffer queueInputBuffer}.
*
* @param index The index of a client-owned input buffer previously returned
* in a call to {@link #dequeueInputBuffer}.
* @param offset The byte offset into the input buffer at which the data starts.
* @param info Metadata required to facilitate decryption, the object can be
* reused immediately after this call returns.
* @param presentationTimeUs The presentation timestamp in microseconds for this
* buffer. This is normally the media time at which this
* buffer should be presented (rendered).
* @param flags A bitmask of flags
* {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_CODEC_CONFIG} and {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM}.
* While not prohibited, most codecs do not use the
* {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_KEY_FRAME} flag for input buffers.
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
* @throws CryptoException if an error occurs while attempting to decrypt the buffer.
* An error code associated with the exception helps identify the
* reason for the failure.
*/
public final void queueSecureInputBuffer(
int index,
int offset,
@NonNull CryptoInfo info,
long presentationTimeUs,
int flags) throws CryptoException {
synchronized(mBufferLock) {
invalidateByteBuffer(mCachedInputBuffers, index);
mDequeuedInputBuffers.remove(index);
}
try {
native_queueSecureInputBuffer(
index, offset, info, presentationTimeUs, flags);
} catch (CryptoException | IllegalStateException e) {
revalidateByteBuffer(mCachedInputBuffers, index);
throw e;
}
}
private native final void native_queueSecureInputBuffer(
int index,
int offset,
@NonNull CryptoInfo info,
long presentationTimeUs,
int flags) throws CryptoException;
/**
* Returns the index of an input buffer to be filled with valid data
* or -1 if no such buffer is currently available.
* This method will return immediately if timeoutUs == 0, wait indefinitely
* for the availability of an input buffer if timeoutUs < 0 or wait up
* to "timeoutUs" microseconds if timeoutUs > 0.
* @param timeoutUs The timeout in microseconds, a negative timeout indicates "infinite".
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing state,
* or codec is configured in asynchronous mode.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
*/
public final int dequeueInputBuffer(long timeoutUs) {
int res = native_dequeueInputBuffer(timeoutUs);
if (res >= 0) {
synchronized(mBufferLock) {
validateInputByteBuffer(mCachedInputBuffers, res);
}
}
return res;
}
private native final int native_dequeueInputBuffer(long timeoutUs);
/**
* If a non-negative timeout had been specified in the call
* to {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer}, indicates that the call timed out.
*/
public static final int INFO_TRY_AGAIN_LATER = -1;
/**
* The output format has changed, subsequent data will follow the new
* format. {@link #getOutputFormat()} returns the new format. Note, that
* you can also use the new {@link #getOutputFormat(int)} method to
* get the format for a specific output buffer. This frees you from
* having to track output format changes.
*/
public static final int INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED = -2;
/**
* The output buffers have changed, the client must refer to the new
* set of output buffers returned by {@link #getOutputBuffers} from
* this point on.
*
* Additionally, this event signals that the video scaling mode
* may have been reset to the default.
*
* The timestamp may have special meaning depending on the destination surface.
*
*
* This mode is only suitable for content with 1:1 pixel aspect ratio as you cannot
* configure the pixel aspect ratio for a {@link Surface}.
*
* As of {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#N} release, this mode may not work if
* the video is {@linkplain MediaFormat#KEY_ROTATION rotated} by 90 or 270 degrees.
*/
public static final int VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT_WITH_CROPPING = 2;
/** @hide */
@IntDef({
VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT,
VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT_WITH_CROPPING,
})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface VideoScalingMode {}
/**
* If a surface has been specified in a previous call to {@link #configure}
* specifies the scaling mode to use. The default is "scale to fit".
*
* The scaling mode may be reset to the default each time an
* {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_BUFFERS_CHANGED} event is received from the codec; therefore, the client
* must call this method after every buffer change event (and before the first output buffer is
* released for rendering) to ensure consistent scaling mode.
*
* Since the {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_BUFFERS_CHANGED} event is deprecated, this can also be done
* after each {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED} event.
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if mode is not recognized.
* @throws IllegalStateException if in the Released state.
*/
public native final void setVideoScalingMode(@VideoScalingMode int mode);
/**
* Get the component name. If the codec was created by createDecoderByType
* or createEncoderByType, what component is chosen is not known beforehand.
* @throws IllegalStateException if in the Released state.
*/
@NonNull
public native final String getName();
/**
* Return Metrics data about the current codec instance.
*
* @return a {@link PersistableBundle} containing the set of attributes and values
* available for the media being handled by this instance of MediaCodec
* The attributes are descibed in {@link MetricsConstants}.
*
* Additional vendor-specific fields may also be present in
* the return value.
*/
public PersistableBundle getMetrics() {
PersistableBundle bundle = native_getMetrics();
return bundle;
}
private native PersistableBundle native_getMetrics();
/**
* Change a video encoder's target bitrate on the fly. The value is an
* Integer object containing the new bitrate in bps.
*/
public static final String PARAMETER_KEY_VIDEO_BITRATE = "video-bitrate";
/**
* Temporarily suspend/resume encoding of input data. While suspended
* input data is effectively discarded instead of being fed into the
* encoder. This parameter really only makes sense to use with an encoder
* in "surface-input" mode, as the client code has no control over the
* input-side of the encoder in that case.
* The value is an Integer object containing the value 1 to suspend
* or the value 0 to resume.
*/
public static final String PARAMETER_KEY_SUSPEND = "drop-input-frames";
/**
* Request that the encoder produce a sync frame "soon".
* Provide an Integer with the value 0.
*/
public static final String PARAMETER_KEY_REQUEST_SYNC_FRAME = "request-sync";
/**
* Communicate additional parameter changes to the component instance.
* Note: Some of these parameter changes may silently fail to apply.
*
* @param params The bundle of parameters to set.
* @throws IllegalStateException if in the Released state.
*/
public final void setParameters(@Nullable Bundle params) {
if (params == null) {
return;
}
String[] keys = new String[params.size()];
Object[] values = new Object[params.size()];
int i = 0;
for (final String key: params.keySet()) {
keys[i] = key;
values[i] = params.get(key);
++i;
}
setParameters(keys, values);
}
/**
* Sets an asynchronous callback for actionable MediaCodec events.
*
* If the client intends to use the component in asynchronous mode,
* a valid callback should be provided before {@link #configure} is called.
*
* When asynchronous callback is enabled, the client should not call
* {@link #getInputBuffers}, {@link #getOutputBuffers},
* {@link #dequeueInputBuffer(long)} or {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer(BufferInfo, long)}.
*
* Also, {@link #flush} behaves differently in asynchronous mode. After calling
* {@code flush}, you must call {@link #start} to "resume" receiving input buffers,
* even if an input surface was created.
*
* @param cb The callback that will run. Use {@code null} to clear a previously
* set callback (before {@link #configure configure} is called and run
* in synchronous mode).
* @param handler Callbacks will happen on the handler's thread. If {@code null},
* callbacks are done on the default thread (the caller's thread or the
* main thread.)
*/
public void setCallback(@Nullable /* MediaCodec. */ Callback cb, @Nullable Handler handler) {
if (cb != null) {
synchronized (mListenerLock) {
EventHandler newHandler = getEventHandlerOn(handler, mCallbackHandler);
// NOTE: there are no callbacks on the handler at this time, but check anyways
// even if we were to extend this to be callable dynamically, it must
// be called when codec is flushed, so no messages are pending.
if (newHandler != mCallbackHandler) {
mCallbackHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_SET_CALLBACK);
mCallbackHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_CALLBACK);
mCallbackHandler = newHandler;
}
}
} else if (mCallbackHandler != null) {
mCallbackHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_SET_CALLBACK);
mCallbackHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_CALLBACK);
}
if (mCallbackHandler != null) {
// set java callback on main handler
Message msg = mCallbackHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_SET_CALLBACK, 0, 0, cb);
mCallbackHandler.sendMessage(msg);
// set native handler here, don't post to handler because
// it may cause the callback to be delayed and set in a wrong state.
// Note that native codec may start sending events to the callback
// handler after this returns.
native_setCallback(cb);
}
}
/**
* Sets an asynchronous callback for actionable MediaCodec events on the default
* looper.
*
* Same as {@link #setCallback(Callback, Handler)} with handler set to null.
* @param cb The callback that will run. Use {@code null} to clear a previously
* set callback (before {@link #configure configure} is called and run
* in synchronous mode).
* @see #setCallback(Callback, Handler)
*/
public void setCallback(@Nullable /* MediaCodec. */ Callback cb) {
setCallback(cb, null /* handler */);
}
/**
* Listener to be called when an output frame has rendered on the output surface
*
* @see MediaCodec#setOnFrameRenderedListener
*/
public interface OnFrameRenderedListener {
/**
* Called when an output frame has rendered on the output surface.
*
* Note: This callback is for informational purposes only: to get precise
* render timing samples, and can be significantly delayed and batched. Some frames may have
* been rendered even if there was no callback generated.
*
* @param codec the MediaCodec instance
* @param presentationTimeUs the presentation time (media time) of the frame rendered.
* This is usually the same as specified in {@link #queueInputBuffer}; however,
* some codecs may alter the media time by applying some time-based transformation,
* such as frame rate conversion. In that case, presentation time corresponds
* to the actual output frame rendered.
* @param nanoTime The system time when the frame was rendered.
*
* @see System#nanoTime
*/
public void onFrameRendered(
@NonNull MediaCodec codec, long presentationTimeUs, long nanoTime);
}
/**
* Registers a callback to be invoked when an output frame is rendered on the output surface.
*
* This method can be called in any codec state, but will only have an effect in the
* Executing state for codecs that render buffers to the output surface.
*
* Note: This callback is for informational purposes only: to get precise
* render timing samples, and can be significantly delayed and batched. Some frames may have
* been rendered even if there was no callback generated.
*
* @param listener the callback that will be run
* @param handler the callback will be run on the handler's thread. If {@code null},
* the callback will be run on the default thread, which is the looper
* from which the codec was created, or a new thread if there was none.
*/
public void setOnFrameRenderedListener(
@Nullable OnFrameRenderedListener listener, @Nullable Handler handler) {
synchronized (mListenerLock) {
mOnFrameRenderedListener = listener;
if (listener != null) {
EventHandler newHandler = getEventHandlerOn(handler, mOnFrameRenderedHandler);
if (newHandler != mOnFrameRenderedHandler) {
mOnFrameRenderedHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_FRAME_RENDERED);
}
mOnFrameRenderedHandler = newHandler;
} else if (mOnFrameRenderedHandler != null) {
mOnFrameRenderedHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_FRAME_RENDERED);
}
native_enableOnFrameRenderedListener(listener != null);
}
}
private native void native_enableOnFrameRenderedListener(boolean enable);
private EventHandler getEventHandlerOn(
@Nullable Handler handler, @NonNull EventHandler lastHandler) {
if (handler == null) {
return mEventHandler;
} else {
Looper looper = handler.getLooper();
if (lastHandler.getLooper() == looper) {
return lastHandler;
} else {
return new EventHandler(this, looper);
}
}
}
/**
* MediaCodec callback interface. Used to notify the user asynchronously
* of various MediaCodec events.
*/
public static abstract class Callback {
/**
* Called when an input buffer becomes available.
*
* @param codec The MediaCodec object.
* @param index The index of the available input buffer.
*/
public abstract void onInputBufferAvailable(@NonNull MediaCodec codec, int index);
/**
* Called when an output buffer becomes available.
*
* @param codec The MediaCodec object.
* @param index The index of the available output buffer.
* @param info Info regarding the available output buffer {@link MediaCodec.BufferInfo}.
*/
public abstract void onOutputBufferAvailable(
@NonNull MediaCodec codec, int index, @NonNull BufferInfo info);
/**
* Called when the MediaCodec encountered an error
*
* @param codec The MediaCodec object.
* @param e The {@link MediaCodec.CodecException} object describing the error.
*/
public abstract void onError(@NonNull MediaCodec codec, @NonNull CodecException e);
/**
* Called when the output format has changed
*
* @param codec The MediaCodec object.
* @param format The new output format.
*/
public abstract void onOutputFormatChanged(
@NonNull MediaCodec codec, @NonNull MediaFormat format);
}
private void postEventFromNative(
int what, int arg1, int arg2, @Nullable Object obj) {
synchronized (mListenerLock) {
EventHandler handler = mEventHandler;
if (what == EVENT_CALLBACK) {
handler = mCallbackHandler;
} else if (what == EVENT_FRAME_RENDERED) {
handler = mOnFrameRenderedHandler;
}
if (handler != null) {
Message msg = handler.obtainMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}
private native final void setParameters(@NonNull String[] keys, @NonNull Object[] values);
/**
* Get the codec info. If the codec was created by createDecoderByType
* or createEncoderByType, what component is chosen is not known beforehand,
* and thus the caller does not have the MediaCodecInfo.
* @throws IllegalStateException if in the Released state.
*/
@NonNull
public MediaCodecInfo getCodecInfo() {
return MediaCodecList.getInfoFor(getName());
}
@NonNull
private native final ByteBuffer[] getBuffers(boolean input);
@Nullable
private native final ByteBuffer getBuffer(boolean input, int index);
@Nullable
private native final Image getImage(boolean input, int index);
private static native final void native_init();
private native final void native_setup(
@NonNull String name, boolean nameIsType, boolean encoder);
private native final void native_finalize();
static {
System.loadLibrary("media_jni");
native_init();
}
private long mNativeContext;
/** @hide */
public static class MediaImage extends Image {
private final boolean mIsReadOnly;
private final int mWidth;
private final int mHeight;
private final int mFormat;
private long mTimestamp;
private final Plane[] mPlanes;
private final ByteBuffer mBuffer;
private final ByteBuffer mInfo;
private final int mXOffset;
private final int mYOffset;
private final static int TYPE_YUV = 1;
@Override
public int getFormat() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mFormat;
}
@Override
public int getHeight() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mHeight;
}
@Override
public int getWidth() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mWidth;
}
@Override
public long getTimestamp() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mTimestamp;
}
@Override
@NonNull
public Plane[] getPlanes() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return Arrays.copyOf(mPlanes, mPlanes.length);
}
@Override
public void close() {
if (mIsImageValid) {
java.nio.NioUtils.freeDirectBuffer(mBuffer);
mIsImageValid = false;
}
}
/**
* Set the crop rectangle associated with this frame.
*
* The crop rectangle specifies the region of valid pixels in the image,
* using coordinates in the largest-resolution plane.
*/
@Override
public void setCropRect(@Nullable Rect cropRect) {
if (mIsReadOnly) {
throw new ReadOnlyBufferException();
}
super.setCropRect(cropRect);
}
public MediaImage(
@NonNull ByteBuffer buffer, @NonNull ByteBuffer info, boolean readOnly,
long timestamp, int xOffset, int yOffset, @Nullable Rect cropRect) {
mFormat = ImageFormat.YUV_420_888;
mTimestamp = timestamp;
mIsImageValid = true;
mIsReadOnly = buffer.isReadOnly();
mBuffer = buffer.duplicate();
// save offsets and info
mXOffset = xOffset;
mYOffset = yOffset;
mInfo = info;
// read media-info. See MediaImage2
if (info.remaining() == 104) {
int type = info.getInt();
if (type != TYPE_YUV) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("unsupported type: " + type);
}
int numPlanes = info.getInt();
if (numPlanes != 3) {
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected number of planes: " + numPlanes);
}
mWidth = info.getInt();
mHeight = info.getInt();
if (mWidth < 1 || mHeight < 1) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"unsupported size: " + mWidth + "x" + mHeight);
}
int bitDepth = info.getInt();
if (bitDepth != 8) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("unsupported bit depth: " + bitDepth);
}
int bitDepthAllocated = info.getInt();
if (bitDepthAllocated != 8) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"unsupported allocated bit depth: " + bitDepthAllocated);
}
mPlanes = new MediaPlane[numPlanes];
for (int ix = 0; ix < numPlanes; ix++) {
int planeOffset = info.getInt();
int colInc = info.getInt();
int rowInc = info.getInt();
int horiz = info.getInt();
int vert = info.getInt();
if (horiz != vert || horiz != (ix == 0 ? 1 : 2)) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("unexpected subsampling: "
+ horiz + "x" + vert + " on plane " + ix);
}
if (colInc < 1 || rowInc < 1) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("unexpected strides: "
+ colInc + " pixel, " + rowInc + " row on plane " + ix);
}
buffer.clear();
buffer.position(mBuffer.position() + planeOffset
+ (xOffset / horiz) * colInc + (yOffset / vert) * rowInc);
buffer.limit(buffer.position() + Utils.divUp(bitDepth, 8)
+ (mHeight / vert - 1) * rowInc + (mWidth / horiz - 1) * colInc);
mPlanes[ix] = new MediaPlane(buffer.slice(), rowInc, colInc);
}
} else {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"unsupported info length: " + info.remaining());
}
if (cropRect == null) {
cropRect = new Rect(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
}
cropRect.offset(-xOffset, -yOffset);
super.setCropRect(cropRect);
}
private class MediaPlane extends Plane {
public MediaPlane(@NonNull ByteBuffer buffer, int rowInc, int colInc) {
mData = buffer;
mRowInc = rowInc;
mColInc = colInc;
}
@Override
public int getRowStride() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mRowInc;
}
@Override
public int getPixelStride() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mColInc;
}
@Override
@NonNull
public ByteBuffer getBuffer() {
throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
return mData;
}
private final int mRowInc;
private final int mColInc;
private final ByteBuffer mData;
}
}
public final static class MetricsConstants
{
private MetricsConstants() {}
/**
* Key to extract the codec being used
* from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is a String.
*/
public static final String CODEC = "android.media.mediacodec.codec";
/**
* Key to extract the MIME type
* from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is a String.
*/
public static final String MIME_TYPE = "android.media.mediacodec.mime";
/**
* Key to extract what the codec mode
* from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is a String. Values will be one of the constants
* {@link #MODE_AUDIO} or {@link #MODE_VIDEO}.
*/
public static final String MODE = "android.media.mediacodec.mode";
/**
* The value returned for the key {@link #MODE} when the
* codec is a audio codec.
*/
public static final String MODE_AUDIO = "audio";
/**
* The value returned for the key {@link #MODE} when the
* codec is a video codec.
*/
public static final String MODE_VIDEO = "video";
/**
* Key to extract the flag indicating whether the codec is running
* as an encoder or decoder from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is an integer.
* A 0 indicates decoder; 1 indicates encoder.
*/
public static final String ENCODER = "android.media.mediacodec.encoder";
/**
* Key to extract the flag indicating whether the codec is running
* in secure (DRM) mode from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is an integer.
*/
public static final String SECURE = "android.media.mediacodec.secure";
/**
* Key to extract the width (in pixels) of the video track
* from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is an integer.
*/
public static final String WIDTH = "android.media.mediacodec.width";
/**
* Key to extract the height (in pixels) of the video track
* from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return value.
* The value is an integer.
*/
public static final String HEIGHT = "android.media.mediacodec.height";
/**
* Key to extract the rotation (in degrees) to properly orient the video
* from the {@link MediaCodec#getMetrics} return.
* The value is a integer.
*/
public static final String ROTATION = "android.media.mediacodec.rotation";
}
}
*
*
* Note: It is preferred to use {@link MediaCodecList#findDecoderForFormat}
* and {@link #createByCodecName} to ensure that the resulting codec can handle a
* given format.
*
* @param type The mime type of the input data.
* @throws IOException if the codec cannot be created.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if type is not a valid mime type.
* @throws NullPointerException if type is null.
*/
@NonNull
public static MediaCodec createDecoderByType(@NonNull String type)
throws IOException {
return new MediaCodec(type, true /* nameIsType */, false /* encoder */);
}
/**
* Instantiate the preferred encoder supporting output data of the given mime type.
*
* Note: It is preferred to use {@link MediaCodecList#findEncoderForFormat}
* and {@link #createByCodecName} to ensure that the resulting codec can handle a
* given format.
*
* @param type The desired mime type of the output data.
* @throws IOException if the codec cannot be created.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if type is not a valid mime type.
* @throws NullPointerException if type is null.
*/
@NonNull
public static MediaCodec createEncoderByType(@NonNull String type)
throws IOException {
return new MediaCodec(type, true /* nameIsType */, true /* encoder */);
}
/**
* If you know the exact name of the component you want to instantiate
* use this method to instantiate it. Use with caution.
* Likely to be used with information obtained from {@link android.media.MediaCodecList}
* @param name The name of the codec to be instantiated.
* @throws IOException if the codec cannot be created.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if name is not valid.
* @throws NullPointerException if name is null.
*/
@NonNull
public static MediaCodec createByCodecName(@NonNull String name)
throws IOException {
return new MediaCodec(
name, false /* nameIsType */, false /* unused */);
}
private MediaCodec(
@NonNull String name, boolean nameIsType, boolean encoder) {
Looper looper;
if ((looper = Looper.myLooper()) != null) {
mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);
} else if ((looper = Looper.getMainLooper()) != null) {
mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);
} else {
mEventHandler = null;
}
mCallbackHandler = mEventHandler;
mOnFrameRenderedHandler = mEventHandler;
mBufferLock = new Object();
native_setup(name, nameIsType, encoder);
}
@Override
protected void finalize() {
native_finalize();
}
/**
* Returns the codec to its initial (Uninitialized) state.
*
* Call this if an {@link MediaCodec.CodecException#isRecoverable unrecoverable}
* error has occured to reset the codec to its initial state after creation.
*
* @throws CodecException if an unrecoverable error has occured and the codec
* could not be reset.
* @throws IllegalStateException if in the Released state.
*/
public final void reset() {
freeAllTrackedBuffers(); // free buffers first
native_reset();
}
private native final void native_reset();
/**
* Free up resources used by the codec instance.
*
* Make sure you call this when you're done to free up any opened
* component instance instead of relying on the garbage collector
* to do this for you at some point in the future.
*/
public final void release() {
freeAllTrackedBuffers(); // free buffers first
native_release();
}
private native final void native_release();
/**
* If this codec is to be used as an encoder, pass this flag.
*/
public static final int CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE = 1;
/** @hide */
@IntDef(flag = true, value = { CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface ConfigureFlag {}
/**
* Configures a component.
*
* @param format The format of the input data (decoder) or the desired
* format of the output data (encoder). Passing {@code null}
* as {@code format} is equivalent to passing an
* {@link MediaFormat#MediaFormat an empty mediaformat}.
* @param surface Specify a surface on which to render the output of this
* decoder. Pass {@code null} as {@code surface} if the
* codec does not generate raw video output (e.g. not a video
* decoder) and/or if you want to configure the codec for
* {@link ByteBuffer} output.
* @param crypto Specify a crypto object to facilitate secure decryption
* of the media data. Pass {@code null} as {@code crypto} for
* non-secure codecs.
* @param flags Specify {@link #CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE} to configure the
* component as an encoder.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the surface has been released (or is invalid),
* or the format is unacceptable (e.g. missing a mandatory key),
* or the flags are not set properly
* (e.g. missing {@link #CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE} for an encoder).
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Uninitialized state.
* @throws CryptoException upon DRM error.
* @throws CodecException upon codec error.
*/
public void configure(
@Nullable MediaFormat format,
@Nullable Surface surface, @Nullable MediaCrypto crypto,
@ConfigureFlag int flags) {
configure(format, surface, crypto, null, flags);
}
/**
* Configure a component to be used with a descrambler.
* @param format The format of the input data (decoder) or the desired
* format of the output data (encoder). Passing {@code null}
* as {@code format} is equivalent to passing an
* {@link MediaFormat#MediaFormat an empty mediaformat}.
* @param surface Specify a surface on which to render the output of this
* decoder. Pass {@code null} as {@code surface} if the
* codec does not generate raw video output (e.g. not a video
* decoder) and/or if you want to configure the codec for
* {@link ByteBuffer} output.
* @param flags Specify {@link #CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE} to configure the
* component as an encoder.
* @param descrambler Specify a descrambler object to facilitate secure
* descrambling of the media data, or null for non-secure codecs.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the surface has been released (or is invalid),
* or the format is unacceptable (e.g. missing a mandatory key),
* or the flags are not set properly
* (e.g. missing {@link #CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE} for an encoder).
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Uninitialized state.
* @throws CryptoException upon DRM error.
* @throws CodecException upon codec error.
*/
public void configure(
@Nullable MediaFormat format, @Nullable Surface surface,
@ConfigureFlag int flags, @Nullable MediaDescrambler descrambler) {
configure(format, surface, null,
descrambler != null ? descrambler.getBinder() : null, flags);
}
private void configure(
@Nullable MediaFormat format, @Nullable Surface surface,
@Nullable MediaCrypto crypto, @Nullable IBinder descramblerBinder,
@ConfigureFlag int flags) {
if (crypto != null && descramblerBinder != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't use crypto and descrambler together!");
}
String[] keys = null;
Object[] values = null;
if (format != null) {
Map
*
*
* Once an output buffer is released to the codec, it MUST NOT
* be used until it is later retrieved by {@link #getOutputBuffer} in response
* to a {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer} return value or a
* {@link Callback#onOutputBufferAvailable} callback.
*
* @param index The index of a client-owned output buffer previously returned
* from a call to {@link #dequeueOutputBuffer}.
* @param renderTimestampNs The timestamp to associate with this buffer when
* it is sent to the Surface.
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
*/
public final void releaseOutputBuffer(int index, long renderTimestampNs) {
BufferInfo info = null;
synchronized(mBufferLock) {
invalidateByteBuffer(mCachedOutputBuffers, index);
mDequeuedOutputBuffers.remove(index);
if (mHasSurface) {
info = mDequeuedOutputInfos.remove(index);
}
}
releaseOutputBuffer(
index, true /* render */, true /* updatePTS */, renderTimestampNs);
}
private native final void releaseOutputBuffer(
int index, boolean render, boolean updatePTS, long timeNs);
/**
* Signals end-of-stream on input. Equivalent to submitting an empty buffer with
* {@link #BUFFER_FLAG_END_OF_STREAM} set. This may only be used with
* encoders receiving input from a Surface created by {@link #createInputSurface}.
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
*/
public native final void signalEndOfInputStream();
/**
* Call this after dequeueOutputBuffer signals a format change by returning
* {@link #INFO_OUTPUT_FORMAT_CHANGED}.
* You can also call this after {@link #configure} returns
* successfully to get the output format initially configured
* for the codec. Do this to determine what optional
* configuration parameters were supported by the codec.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing or
* Configured state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
*/
@NonNull
public final MediaFormat getOutputFormat() {
return new MediaFormat(getFormatNative(false /* input */));
}
/**
* Call this after {@link #configure} returns successfully to
* get the input format accepted by the codec. Do this to
* determine what optional configuration parameters were
* supported by the codec.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if not in the Executing or
* Configured state.
* @throws MediaCodec.CodecException upon codec error.
*/
@NonNull
public final MediaFormat getInputFormat() {
return new MediaFormat(getFormatNative(true /* input */));
}
/**
* Returns the output format for a specific output buffer.
*
* @param index The index of a client-owned input buffer previously
* returned from a call to {@link #dequeueInputBuffer}.
*
* @return the format for the output buffer, or null if the index
* is not a dequeued output buffer.
*/
@NonNull
public final MediaFormat getOutputFormat(int index) {
return new MediaFormat(getOutputFormatNative(index));
}
@NonNull
private native final MapSurfaceView specifics
* If you render your buffer on a {@link android.view.SurfaceView},
* you can use the timestamp to render the buffer at a specific time (at the
* VSYNC at or after the buffer timestamp). For this to work, the timestamp
* needs to be reasonably close to the current {@link System#nanoTime}.
* Currently, this is set as within one (1) second. A few notes:
*
*
*
*