1#include "ia32_modrm.h" 2#include "ia32_reg.h" 3#include "x86_imm.h" 4 5/* NOTE: when decoding ModR/M and SIB, we have to add 1 to all register 6 * values obtained from decoding the ModR/M or SIB byte, since they 7 * are encoded with eAX = 0 and the tables in ia32_reg.c use eAX = 1. 8 * ADDENDUM: this is only the case when the register value is used 9 * directly as an index into the register table, not when it is added to 10 * a genregs offset. */ 11 12/* -------------------------------- ModR/M, SIB */ 13/* ModR/M flags */ 14#define MODRM_RM_SIB 0x04 /* R/M == 100 */ 15#define MODRM_RM_NOREG 0x05 /* R/B == 101 */ 16 17/* if (MODRM.MOD_NODISP && MODRM.RM_NOREG) then just disp32 */ 18#define MODRM_MOD_NODISP 0x00 /* mod == 00 */ 19#define MODRM_MOD_DISP8 0x01 /* mod == 01 */ 20#define MODRM_MOD_DISP32 0x02 /* mod == 10 */ 21#define MODRM_MOD_NOEA 0x03 /* mod == 11 */ 22 23/* 16-bit modrm flags */ 24#define MOD16_MOD_NODISP 0 25#define MOD16_MOD_DISP8 1 26#define MOD16_MOD_DISP16 2 27#define MOD16_MOD_REG 3 28 29#define MOD16_RM_BXSI 0 30#define MOD16_RM_BXDI 1 31#define MOD16_RM_BPSI 2 32#define MOD16_RM_BPDI 3 33#define MOD16_RM_SI 4 34#define MOD16_RM_DI 5 35#define MOD16_RM_BP 6 36#define MOD16_RM_BX 7 37 38/* SIB flags */ 39#define SIB_INDEX_NONE 0x04 40#define SIB_BASE_EBP 0x05 41#define SIB_SCALE_NOBASE 0x00 42 43/* Convenience struct for modR/M bitfield */ 44struct modRM_byte { 45 unsigned int mod : 2; 46 unsigned int reg : 3; 47 unsigned int rm : 3; 48}; 49 50/* Convenience struct for SIB bitfield */ 51struct SIB_byte { 52 unsigned int scale : 2; 53 unsigned int index : 3; 54 unsigned int base : 3; 55}; 56 57 58#if 0 59int modrm_rm[] = {0,1,2,3,MODRM_RM_SIB,MODRM_MOD_DISP32,6,7}; 60int modrm_reg[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}; 61int modrm_mod[] = {0, MODRM_MOD_DISP8, MODRM_MOD_DISP32, MODRM_MOD_NOEA}; 62int sib_scl[] = {0, 2, 4, 8}; 63int sib_idx[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, SIB_INDEX_NONE, 5, 6, 7 }; 64int sib_bas[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, SIB_SCALE_NOBASE, 6, 7 }; 65#endif 66 67/* this is needed to replace x86_imm_signsized() which does not sign-extend 68 * to dest */ 69static unsigned int imm32_signsized( unsigned char *buf, size_t buf_len, 70 int32_t *dest, unsigned int size ) { 71 if ( size > buf_len ) { 72 return 0; 73 } 74 75 switch (size) { 76 case 1: 77 *dest = *((signed char *) buf); 78 break; 79 case 2: 80 *dest = *((signed short *) buf); 81 break; 82 case 4: 83 default: 84 *dest = *((signed int *) buf); 85 break; 86 } 87 88 return size; 89} 90 91 92 93static void byte_decode(unsigned char b, struct modRM_byte *modrm) { 94 /* generic bitfield-packing routine */ 95 96 modrm->mod = b >> 6; /* top 2 bits */ 97 modrm->reg = (b & 56) >> 3; /* middle 3 bits */ 98 modrm->rm = b & 7; /* bottom 3 bits */ 99} 100 101 102static size_t sib_decode( unsigned char *buf, size_t buf_len, x86_ea_t *ea, 103 unsigned int mod ) { 104 /* set Address Expression fields (scale, index, base, disp) 105 * according to the contents of the SIB byte. 106 * b points to the SIB byte in the instruction-stream buffer; the 107 * byte after b[0] is therefore the byte after the SIB 108 * returns number of bytes 'used', including the SIB byte */ 109 size_t size = 1; /* start at 1 for SIB byte */ 110 struct SIB_byte sib; 111 112 if ( buf_len < 1 ) { 113 return 0; 114 } 115 116 byte_decode( *buf, (struct modRM_byte *)(void*)&sib ); /* get bit-fields */ 117 118 if ( sib.base == SIB_BASE_EBP && ! mod ) { /* if base == 101 (ebp) */ 119 /* IF BASE == EBP, deal with exception */ 120 /* IF (ModR/M did not create a Disp */ 121 /* ... create a 32-bit Displacement */ 122 imm32_signsized( &buf[1], buf_len, &ea->disp, sizeof(int32_t)); 123 ea->disp_size = sizeof(int32_t); 124 ea->disp_sign = (ea->disp < 0) ? 1 : 0; 125 size += 4; /* add sizeof disp to count */ 126 127 } else { 128 /* ELSE BASE refers to a General Register */ 129 ia32_handle_register( &ea->base, sib.base + 1 ); 130 } 131 132 /* set scale to 1, 2, 4, 8 */ 133 ea->scale = 1 << sib.scale; 134 135 if (sib.index != SIB_INDEX_NONE) { 136 /* IF INDEX is not 'ESP' (100) */ 137 ia32_handle_register( &ea->index, sib.index + 1 ); 138 } 139 140 return (size); /* return number of bytes processed */ 141} 142 143static size_t modrm_decode16( unsigned char *buf, unsigned int buf_len, 144 x86_op_t *op, struct modRM_byte *modrm ) { 145 /* 16-bit mode: hackish, but not as hackish as 32-bit mode ;) */ 146 size_t size = 1; /* # of bytes decoded [1 for modR/M byte] */ 147 x86_ea_t * ea = &op->data.expression; 148 149 switch( modrm->rm ) { 150 case MOD16_RM_BXSI: 151 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 3); 152 ia32_handle_register(&ea->index, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 6); 153 break; 154 case MOD16_RM_BXDI: 155 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 3); 156 ia32_handle_register(&ea->index, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 7); 157 case MOD16_RM_BPSI: 158 op->flags |= op_ss_seg; 159 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 5); 160 ia32_handle_register(&ea->index, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 6); 161 break; 162 case MOD16_RM_BPDI: 163 op->flags |= op_ss_seg; 164 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 5); 165 ia32_handle_register(&ea->index, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 7); 166 break; 167 case MOD16_RM_SI: 168 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 6); 169 break; 170 case MOD16_RM_DI: 171 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 7); 172 break; 173 case MOD16_RM_BP: 174 if ( modrm->mod != MOD16_MOD_NODISP ) { 175 op->flags |= op_ss_seg; 176 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, 177 REG_WORD_OFFSET + 5); 178 } 179 break; 180 case MOD16_RM_BX: 181 ia32_handle_register(&ea->base, REG_WORD_OFFSET + 3); 182 break; 183 } 184 185 /* move to byte after ModR/M */ 186 ++buf; 187 --buf_len; 188 189 if ( modrm->mod == MOD16_MOD_DISP8 ) { 190 imm32_signsized( buf, buf_len, &ea->disp, sizeof(char) ); 191 ea->disp_sign = (ea->disp < 0) ? 1 : 0; 192 ea->disp_size = sizeof(char); 193 size += sizeof(char); 194 } else if ( modrm->mod == MOD16_MOD_DISP16 ) { 195 imm32_signsized( buf, buf_len, &ea->disp, sizeof(short) ); 196 ea->disp_sign = (ea->disp < 0) ? 1 : 0; 197 ea->disp_size = sizeof(short); 198 size += sizeof(short); 199 } 200 201 return size; 202} 203 204/* TODO : Mark index modes 205 Use addressing mode flags to imply arrays (index), structure (disp), 206 two-dimensional arrays [disp + index], classes [ea reg], and so on. 207*/ 208size_t ia32_modrm_decode( unsigned char *buf, unsigned int buf_len, 209 x86_op_t *op, x86_insn_t *insn, size_t gen_regs ) { 210 /* create address expression and/or fill operand based on value of 211 * ModR/M byte. Calls sib_decode as appropriate. 212 * flags specifies whether Reg or mod+R/M fields are being decoded 213 * returns the number of bytes in the instruction, including modR/M */ 214 struct modRM_byte modrm; 215 size_t size = 1; /* # of bytes decoded [1 for modR/M byte] */ 216 x86_ea_t * ea; 217 218 219 byte_decode(*buf, &modrm); /* get bitfields */ 220 221 /* first, handle the case where the mod field is a register only */ 222 if ( modrm.mod == MODRM_MOD_NOEA ) { 223 op->type = op_register; 224 ia32_handle_register(&op->data.reg, modrm.rm + gen_regs); 225 /* increase insn size by 1 for modrm byte */ 226 return 1; 227 } 228 229 /* then deal with cases where there is an effective address */ 230 ea = &op->data.expression; 231 op->type = op_expression; 232 op->flags |= op_pointer; 233 234 if ( insn->addr_size == 2 ) { 235 /* gah! 16 bit mode! */ 236 return modrm_decode16( buf, buf_len, op, &modrm); 237 } 238 239 /* move to byte after ModR/M */ 240 ++buf; 241 --buf_len; 242 243 if (modrm.mod == MODRM_MOD_NODISP) { /* if mod == 00 */ 244 245 /* IF MOD == No displacement, just Indirect Register */ 246 if (modrm.rm == MODRM_RM_NOREG) { /* if r/m == 101 */ 247 /* IF RM == No Register, just Displacement */ 248 /* This is an Intel Moronic Exception TM */ 249 imm32_signsized( buf, buf_len, &ea->disp, 250 sizeof(int32_t) ); 251 ea->disp_size = sizeof(int32_t); 252 ea->disp_sign = (ea->disp < 0) ? 1 : 0; 253 size += 4; /* add sizeof disp to count */ 254 255 } else if (modrm.rm == MODRM_RM_SIB) { /* if r/m == 100 */ 256 /* ELSE IF an SIB byte is present */ 257 /* TODO: check for 0 retval */ 258 size += sib_decode( buf, buf_len, ea, modrm.mod); 259 /* move to byte after SIB for displacement */ 260 ++buf; 261 --buf_len; 262 } else { /* modR/M specifies base register */ 263 /* ELSE RM encodes a general register */ 264 ia32_handle_register( &ea->base, modrm.rm + 1 ); 265 } 266 } else { /* mod is 01 or 10 */ 267 if (modrm.rm == MODRM_RM_SIB) { /* rm == 100 */ 268 /* IF base is an AddrExpr specified by an SIB byte */ 269 /* TODO: check for 0 retval */ 270 size += sib_decode( buf, buf_len, ea, modrm.mod); 271 /* move to byte after SIB for displacement */ 272 ++buf; 273 --buf_len; 274 } else { 275 /* ELSE base is a general register */ 276 ia32_handle_register( &ea->base, modrm.rm + 1 ); 277 } 278 279 /* ELSE mod + r/m specify a disp##[base] or disp##(SIB) */ 280 if (modrm.mod == MODRM_MOD_DISP8) { /* mod == 01 */ 281 /* If this is an 8-bit displacement */ 282 imm32_signsized( buf, buf_len, &ea->disp, 283 sizeof(char)); 284 ea->disp_size = sizeof(char); 285 ea->disp_sign = (ea->disp < 0) ? 1 : 0; 286 size += 1; /* add sizeof disp to count */ 287 288 } else { 289 /* Displacement is dependent on address size */ 290 imm32_signsized( buf, buf_len, &ea->disp, 291 insn->addr_size); 292 ea->disp_size = insn->addr_size; 293 ea->disp_sign = (ea->disp < 0) ? 1 : 0; 294 size += 4; 295 } 296 } 297 298 return size; /* number of bytes found in instruction */ 299} 300 301void ia32_reg_decode( unsigned char byte, x86_op_t *op, size_t gen_regs ) { 302 struct modRM_byte modrm; 303 byte_decode( byte, &modrm ); /* get bitfields */ 304 305 /* set operand to register ID */ 306 op->type = op_register; 307 ia32_handle_register(&op->data.reg, modrm.reg + gen_regs); 308 309 return; 310} 311