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8 xmllint [--version | --debug | --shell | --debugent | --copy | --recover | --noent | --noout | --nonet | --htmlout | --nowrap | --valid | --postvalid | --dtdvalid URL | --dtdvalidfpi FPI | --timing | --output file | --repeat | --insert | --compress | --html | --xmlout | --push | --memory | --maxmem nbbytes | --nowarning | --noblanks | --nocdata | --format | --encode encoding | --dropdtd | --nsclean | --testIO | --catalogs | --nocatalogs | --auto | --xinclude | --loaddtd | --dtdattr | --stream | --walker | --pattern patternvalue | --chkregister | --relaxng | --schema | --c14n] [xmlfile]
The xmllint program parses one or more XML files, specified on the command line as xmlfile. It prints various types of output, depending upon the options selected. It is useful for detecting errors both in XML code and in the XML parser itself.
It is included in libxml2.
--version Display the version of libxml2 used.
--debug Parse a file and output an annotated tree of the in-memory version of the document.
--shell Run a navigating shell. Details on available commands in shell mode are below.
--debugent Debug the entities defined in the document.
--copy Test the internal copy implementation.
--recover Output any parsable portions of an invalid document.
--noent Substitute entity values for entity references. By default, xmllint leaves entity references in place.
--nocdata Substitute CDATA section by equivalent text nodes.
--nsclean Remove redundant namespace declarations.
--noout Suppress output. By default, xmllint outputs the result tree.
--htmlout Output results as an HTML file. This causes xmllint to output the necessary HTML tags surrounding the result tree output so the results can be displayed in a browser.
--nowrap Do not output HTML doc wrapper.
--valid Determine if the document is a valid instance of the included Document Type Definition (DTD). A DTD to be validated against also can be specified at the command line using the --dtdvalid option. By default, xmllint also checks to determine if the document is well-formed.
--postvalid Validate after parsing is completed.
--dtdvalid URL Use the DTD specified by URL for validation.
--dtdvalidfpi FPI Use the DTD specified by the Public Identifier FPI for validation, note that this will require a Catalog exporting that Public Identifier to work.
--timing Output information about the time it takes xmllint to perform the various steps.
--output file Define a file path where xmllint will save the result of parsing. Usually the programs build a tree and save it on stdout, with this option the result XML instance will be saved onto a file.
--repeat Repeat 100 times, for timing or profiling.
--insert Test for valid insertions.
--compress Turn on gzip compression of output.
--html Use the HTML parser.
--xmlout Used in conjusntion with --html. Usually when HTML is parsed the document is saved with the HTML serializer, but with this option the resulting document is saved with the XML serializer. This is primarily used to generate XHTML from HTML input.
--push Use the push mode of the parser.
--memory Parse from memory.
--maxmem nnbytes Test the parser memory support. nnbytes is the maximum number of bytes the library is allowed to allocate. This can also be used to make sure batch processing of XML files will not exhaust the virtual memory of the server running them.
--nowarning Do not emit warnings from the parser and/or validator.
--noblanks Drop ignorable blank spaces.
--format Reformat and reindent the output. The $XMLLINT_INDENT environment variable controls the indentation (default value is two spaces " ").
--testIO Test user input/output support.
--encode encoding Output in the given encoding.
--catalogs Use the catalogs from $SGML_CATALOG_FILES. Otherwise /etc/xml/catalog is used by default.
--nocatalogs Do not use any catalogs.
--auto Generate a small document for testing purposes.
--xinclude Do XInclude processing.
--loaddtd Fetch external DTD.
--dtdattr Fetch external DTD and populate the tree with inherited attributes.
--dropdtd Remove DTD from output.
--stream Use streaming API - useful when used in combination with --relaxng or --valid options for validation of files that are too large to be held in memory.
--walker Test the walker module, which is a reader interface but for a document tree, instead of using the reader API on an unparsed document it works on a existing in-memory tree. Used in debugging.
--chkregister Turn on node registration. Useful for developers testing libxml2 node tracking code.
--pattern patternvalue Used to exercise the pattern recognition engine, which can be used with the reader interface to the parser. It allows to select some nodes in the document based on an XPath (subset) expression. Used for debugging.
--relaxng schema Use RelaxNG file named schema for validation.
--schema schema Use a W3C XML Schema file named schema for validation.
--c14n Use the W3C XML Canonicalisation (C14N) to serialize the result of parsing to stdout, it keeps comments in teh result.
xmllint offers an interactive shell mode invoked with the --shell command. Available commands in shell mode include:
base display XML base of the node
bye leave shell
cat node Display node if given or current node.
cd path Change the current node to path (if given and unique) or root if no argument given.
dir path Dumps information about the node (namespace, attributes, content).
du path Show the structure of the subtree under path or the current node.
exit Leave the shell.
help Show this help.
free Display memory usage.
load name Load a new document with the given name.
ls path List contents of path (if given) or the current directory.
pwd Display the path to the current node.
quit Leave the shell.
save name Saves the current document to name if given or to the original name.
validate Check the document for error.
write name Write the current node to the given filename.
Catalog behavior can be changed by redirecting queries to the user's own set of catalogs. This can be done by setting the XML_CATALOG_FILES environment variable to a list of catalogs. An empty one should deactivate loading the default /etc/xml/catalog default catalog.
Setting the environment variable XML_DEBUG_CATALOG using the command "export XML_DEBUG_CATALOG=" outputs debugging information related to catalog operations.
On the completion of execution, Xmllint returns the following error codes:
0 No error
1 Unclassified
2 Error in DTD
3 Validation error
4 Validation error
5 Error in schema compilation
6 Error writing output
7 Error in pattern (generated when [--pattern] option is used)
8 Error in Reader registration (generated when [--chkregister] option is used)
9 Out of memory error