1/*
2** 2001 September 15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70/*
71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76**
77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81** noop macros.
82*/
83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85
86/*
87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88*/
89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90# undef SQLITE_VERSION
91#endif
92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94#endif
95
96/*
97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98**
99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109** and Z will be reset to zero.
110**
111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.
119**
120** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
121** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
122** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
123*/
124#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.19.4"
125#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3019004
126#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2017-08-18 19:28:12 605907e73adb4533b12d22be8422f17a8dc125b5c37bb391756a11fc3a8c4d10"
127
128/*
129** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
130** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
131**
132** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
133** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
134** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
135** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
136** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
137** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
138** compiled with matching library and header files.
139**
140** <blockquote><pre>
141** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
142** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID)==0 );
143** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
144** </pre></blockquote>)^
145**
146** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
147** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
148** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
149** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
150** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
151** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
152** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
153** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
154** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.
155**
156** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
157*/
158SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
159SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
160SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
161SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
162
163/*
164** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
165**
166** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
167** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
168** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
169** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
170**
171** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
172** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
173** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
174** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
175** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
176** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
177**
178** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
179** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
180** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
181**
182** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
183** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
184*/
185#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
186SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
187SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
188#endif
189
190/*
191** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
192**
193** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
194** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
195** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
196**
197** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
198** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
199** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
200** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
201** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
202** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
203**
204** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
205** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
206** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
207** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
208**
209** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
210** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
211** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
212**
213** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
214** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
215** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
216** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
217** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
218** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
219** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
220** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
221** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
222** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
223**
224** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
225*/
226SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
227
228/*
229** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
230** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
231**
232** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
233** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
234** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
235** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
236** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
237** interfaces (such as
238** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
239** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
240** sqlite3 object.
241*/
242typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
243
244/*
245** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
246** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
247**
248** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
249** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
250**
251** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
252** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
253** compatibility only.
254**
255** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
256** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
257** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
258** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
259*/
260#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
261  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
262# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
263    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
264# else
265    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
266# endif
267#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
268  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
269  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
270#else
271  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
272  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
273#endif
274typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
275typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
276
277/*
278** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
279** substitute integer for floating-point.
280*/
281#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
282# define double sqlite3_int64
283#endif
284
285/*
286** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
287** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
288**
289** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
290** for the [sqlite3] object.
291** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
292** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
293** resources are deallocated.
294**
295** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
296** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
297** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
298** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
299** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
300** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
301** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
302** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
303** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
304** destructors are called is arbitrary.
305**
306** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
307** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
308** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
309** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
310** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
311** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
312** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
313** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
314** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
315**
316** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
317** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
318**
319** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
320** must be either a NULL
321** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
322** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
323** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
324** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
325** argument is a harmless no-op.
326*/
327SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
328SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
329
330/*
331** The type for a callback function.
332** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
333** compatibility and is not documented.
334*/
335typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
336
337/*
338** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
339** METHOD: sqlite3
340**
341** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
342** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
343** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
344** without having to use a lot of C code.
345**
346** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
347** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
348** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
349** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
350** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
351** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
352** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
353** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
354** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
355** ignored.
356**
357** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
358** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
359** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
360** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
361** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
362** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
363** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
364** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
365** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
366** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
367** NULL before returning.
368**
369** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
370** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
371** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
372**
373** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
374** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
375** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
376** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
377** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
378** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
379** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
380** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
381** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
382**
383** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
384** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
385** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
386** is not changed.
387**
388** Restrictions:
389**
390** <ul>
391** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
392**      is a valid and open [database connection].
393** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
394**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
395** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
396**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
397** </ul>
398*/
399SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
400  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
401  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
402  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
403  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
404  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
405);
406
407/*
408** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
409** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
410**
411** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
412** here in order to indicate success or failure.
413**
414** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
415**
416** See also: [extended result code definitions]
417*/
418#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
419/* beginning-of-error-codes */
420#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
421#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
422#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
423#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
424#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
425#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
426#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
427#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
428#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
429#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
430#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
431#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
432#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
433#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
434#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
435#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
436#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
437#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
438#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
439#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
440#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
441#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
442#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
443#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
444#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
445#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
446#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
447#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
448#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
449#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
450/* end-of-error-codes */
451
452/*
453** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
454** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
455**
456** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
457** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
458** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
459** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
460** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
461** and later) include
462** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
463** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
464** on a per database connection basis using the
465** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
466** the most recent error can be obtained using
467** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
468*/
469#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
470#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
471#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
472#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
473#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
474#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
492#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
493#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
494#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
495#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
496#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
497#define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
498#define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
499#define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
500#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
501#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
502#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
503#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
504#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
505#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
506#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
507#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
508#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
509#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
510#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
511#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
512#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
513#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
515#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
516#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
517#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
518#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
519#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
520#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
521#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
522#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
523#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
524#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
525#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
526#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
527#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
528
529/*
530** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
531**
532** These bit values are intended for use in the
533** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
534** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
535*/
536#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
537#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
538#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
539#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
540#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
541#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
542#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
543#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
544#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
545#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
546#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
547#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
548#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
549#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
550#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
551#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
552#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
553#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
554#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
555#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
556
557/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
558
559/*
560** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
561**
562** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
563** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
564** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
565** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
566** refers to.
567**
568** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
569** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
570** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
571** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
572** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
573** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
574** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
575** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
576** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
577** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
578** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
579** file that were written at the application level might have changed
580** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
581** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
582** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
583** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
584** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
585** elevated privileges.
586**
587** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
588** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
589** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
590** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
591*/
592#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
593#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
594#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
595#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
596#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
597#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
598#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
599#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
600#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
601#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
602#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
603#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
604#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
605#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
606#define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
607
608/*
609** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
610**
611** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
612** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
613** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
614*/
615#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
616#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
617#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
618#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
619#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
620
621/*
622** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
623**
624** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
625** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
626** these integer values as the second argument.
627**
628** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
629** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
630** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
631** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
632** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
633** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
634**
635** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
636** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
637** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
638** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
639** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
640** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
641** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
642** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
643** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
644** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
645** cares about the difference.)
646*/
647#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
648#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
649#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
650
651/*
652** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
653**
654** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
655** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
656** implementations will
657** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
658** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
659** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
660** I/O operations on the open file.
661*/
662typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
663struct sqlite3_file {
664  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
665};
666
667/*
668** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
669**
670** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
671** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
672** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
673** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
674** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
675**
676** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
677** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
678** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
679** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
680** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
681** to NULL.
682**
683** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
684** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
685** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
686** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
687** and not its inode needs to be synced.
688**
689** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
690** <ul>
691** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
692** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
693** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
694** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
695** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
696** </ul>
697** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
698** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
699** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
700** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
701** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
702**
703** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
704** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
705** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
706** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
707** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
708** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
709** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
710** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
711** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
712** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
713** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
714** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
715** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
716** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
717** recognize.
718**
719** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
720** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
721** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
722** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
723** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
724** underlying device:
725**
726** <ul>
727** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
728** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
729** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
730** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
731** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
732** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
733** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
734** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
735** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
736** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
737** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
738** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
739** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
740** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
741** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
742** </ul>
743**
744** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
745** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
746** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
747** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
748** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
749** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
750** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
751** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
752** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
753** to xWrite().
754**
755** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
756** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
757** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
758** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
759** database corruption.
760*/
761typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
762struct sqlite3_io_methods {
763  int iVersion;
764  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
765  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
766  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
767  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
768  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
769  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
770  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
771  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
772  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
773  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
774  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
775  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
776  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
777  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
778  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
779  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
780  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
781  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
782  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
783  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
784  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
785  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
786};
787
788/*
789** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
790** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
791**
792** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
793** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
794** interface.
795**
796** <ul>
797** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
798** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
799** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
800** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
801** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
802** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
803** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
804** compile-time option is used.
805**
806** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
807** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
808** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
809** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
810** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
811** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
812** file run faster.
813**
814** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
815** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
816** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
817** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
818** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
819** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
820** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
821** improve performance on some systems.
822**
823** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
824** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
825** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
826** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
827**
828** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
829** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
830** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
831** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
832** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
833**
834** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
835** No longer in use.
836**
837** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
838** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
839** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
840** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
841** because the user has configured SQLite with
842** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
843** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
844** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
845** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
846** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
847** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
848** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
849** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
850**
851** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
852** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
853** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
854** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
855** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
856** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
857** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
858**
859** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
860** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
861** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
862** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
863** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
864** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
865** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
866** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
867** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
868** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
869** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
870** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
871** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
872** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
873** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
874** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
875**
876** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
877** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
878** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
879** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
880** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
881** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
882** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
883** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
884** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
885** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
886** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
887** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
888** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
889** WAL persistence setting.
890**
891** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
892** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
893** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
894** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
895** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
896** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
897** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
898** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
899** zero-damage mode setting.
900**
901** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
902** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
903** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
904** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
905** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
906**
907** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
908** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
909** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
910** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
911** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
912** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
913** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
914** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
915** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
916** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
917** is intended for diagnostic use only.
918**
919** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
920** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
921** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
922** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
923** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
924** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
925** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
926** upper-most shim only.
927**
928** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
929** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
930** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
931** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
932** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
933** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
934** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
935** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
936** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
937** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
938** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
939** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
940** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
941** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
942** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
943** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
944** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
945** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
946** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
947** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
948** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
949** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
950** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
951** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
952**
953** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
954** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
955** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
956** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
957** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
958** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
959** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
960** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
961** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
962** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
963** current operation.
964**
965** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
966** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
967** to have SQLite generate a
968** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
969** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
970** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
971** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
972** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
973**
974** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
975** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
976** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
977** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
978** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
979** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
980** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
981** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
982** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
983**
984** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
985** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
986** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
987** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
988** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
989** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
990** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
991**
992** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
993** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
994** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
995** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
996** was first opened.
997**
998** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
999** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1000** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1001** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1002** writes the resulting value there.
1003**
1004** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1005** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1006** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1007** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1008** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1009**
1010** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1011** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1012** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1013** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1014** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1015** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1016**
1017** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1018** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1019** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1020**
1021** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1022** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1023** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1024** this opcode.
1025**
1026** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1027** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1028** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1029** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1030** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1031** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1032** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1033** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1034** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1035** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1036** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1037** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1038**
1039** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1040** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1041** operations since the previous successful call to
1042** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1043** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1044** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1045** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1046** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1047** write operations are independent.
1048** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1049** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1050**
1051** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1052** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1053** operations since the previous successful call to
1054** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1055** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1056** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1057** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1058** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1059** </ul>
1060*/
1061#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1062#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1063#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1064#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1065#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1066#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1067#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1068#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1069#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1070#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1071#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1072#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1073#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1074#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1075#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1076#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1077#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1078#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1079#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1080#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1081#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1082#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1083#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1084#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1085#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1086#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1087#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1088#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1089#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1090#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1091#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1092#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1093
1094/* deprecated names */
1095#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1096#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1097#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1098
1099
1100/*
1101** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1102**
1103** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1104** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1105** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1106** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1107**
1108** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1109*/
1110typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1111
1112/*
1113** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1114**
1115** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1116** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1117** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1118** on some platforms.
1119*/
1120typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1121
1122/*
1123** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1124**
1125** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1126** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1127** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1128** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1129**
1130** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
1131** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
1132** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
1133** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
1134** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
1135** modified.
1136**
1137** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1138** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1139** a pathname in this VFS.
1140**
1141** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1142** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1143** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1144** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1145** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1146** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1147**
1148** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1149** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1150** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1151** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1152** object once the object has been registered.
1153**
1154** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1155** be unique across all VFS modules.
1156**
1157** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1158** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1159** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1160** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1161** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1162** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1163** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1164** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1165** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1166** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1167** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1168** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1169** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1170** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1171** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1172** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1173**
1174** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1175** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1176** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1177** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1178** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1179** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1180**
1181** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1182** call, depending on the object being opened:
1183**
1184** <ul>
1185** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1186** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1187** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1188** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1189** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1190** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1191** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1192** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1193** </ul>)^
1194**
1195** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1196** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1197** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1198** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1199** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1200** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1201** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1202** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1203**
1204** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1205**
1206** <ul>
1207** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1208** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1209** </ul>
1210**
1211** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1212** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1213** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1214** databases, and subjournals.
1215**
1216** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1217** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1218** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1219** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1220** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1221** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1222** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1223** for exclusive access.
1224**
1225** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1226** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1227** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1228** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1229** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1230** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1231** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1232** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1233** or failure of the xOpen call.
1234**
1235** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1236** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1237** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1238** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1239** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1240** directory.
1241**
1242** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1243** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1244** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1245** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1246** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1247** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1248**
1249** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1250** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1251** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1252** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1253** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1254** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1255** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1256** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1257** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1258** a floating point value.
1259** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1260** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1261** a 24-hour day).
1262** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1263** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1264** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1265** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1266**
1267** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1268** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1269** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1270** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1271** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1272** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1273** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1274** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1275** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1276** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1277** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1278*/
1279typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1280typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1281struct sqlite3_vfs {
1282  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1283  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1284  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1285  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1286  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1287  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1288  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1289               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1290  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1291  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1292  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1293  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1294  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1295  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1296  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1297  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1298  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1299  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1300  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1301  /*
1302  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1303  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1304  */
1305  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1306  /*
1307  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1308  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1309  */
1310  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1311  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1312  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1313  /*
1314  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1315  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1316  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1317  */
1318};
1319
1320/*
1321** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1322**
1323** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1324** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1325** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1326** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1327** simply checks whether the file exists.
1328** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1329** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1330** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1331** the directory).
1332** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1333** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1334** release of SQLite.
1335** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1336** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1337** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1338** SQLite.
1339*/
1340#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1341#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1342#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1343
1344/*
1345** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1346**
1347** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1348** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1349** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1350** xShmLock method:
1351**
1352** <ul>
1353** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1354** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1355** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1356** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1357** </ul>
1358**
1359** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1360** was given on the corresponding lock.
1361**
1362** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1363** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1364** and EXCLUSIVE.
1365*/
1366#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1367#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1368#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1369#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1370
1371/*
1372** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1373**
1374** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1375** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1376** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1377** lock outside of this range
1378*/
1379#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1380
1381
1382/*
1383** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1384**
1385** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1386** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1387** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1388** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1389** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1390** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1391**
1392** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1393** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1394** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1395** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1396** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1397** are harmless no-ops.)^
1398**
1399** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1400** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1401** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1402** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1403**
1404** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1405** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1406** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1407** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1408** sqlite3_shutdown().
1409**
1410** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1411** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1412** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1413**
1414** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1415** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1416** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1417** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1418**
1419** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1420** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1421** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1422** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1423** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1424** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1425** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1426** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1427** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1428** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1429** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1430** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1431** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1432** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1433**
1434** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1435** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1436** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1437** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1438** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1439** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1440** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1441**
1442** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1443** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1444** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1445** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1446** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1447** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1448** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1449** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1450** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1451** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1452** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1453** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1454** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1455** failure.
1456*/
1457SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1458SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1459SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1460SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1461
1462/*
1463** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1464**
1465** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1466** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1467** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1468** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1469** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1470**
1471** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1472** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1473** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1474**
1475** The sqlite3_config() interface
1476** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1477** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1478** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1479** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1480** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1481** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1482**
1483** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1484** [configuration option] that determines
1485** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1486** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1487** in the first argument.
1488**
1489** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1490** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1491** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1492*/
1493SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1494
1495/*
1496** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1497** METHOD: sqlite3
1498**
1499** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1500** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1501** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1502** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1503**
1504** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1505** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1506** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1507** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1508**
1509** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1510** the call is considered successful.
1511*/
1512SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1513
1514/*
1515** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1516**
1517** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1518** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1519**
1520** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1521** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1522** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1523** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1524** By creating an instance of this object
1525** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1526** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1527** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1528** dynamic memory needs.
1529**
1530** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1531** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1532** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1533** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1534** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1535** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1536** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1537** conditions.
1538**
1539** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1540** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1541** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1542** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1543**
1544** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1545** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1546** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1547**
1548** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1549** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1550** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1551** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1552** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1553** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1554** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1555**
1556** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1557** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1558** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1559** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1560** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1561** xInit and xShutdown.
1562**
1563** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1564** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1565** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1566** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1567** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1568** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1569** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1570** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1571** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1572** serialization.
1573**
1574** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1575** call to xShutdown().
1576*/
1577typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1578struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1579  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1580  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1581  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1582  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1583  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1584  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1585  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1586  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1587};
1588
1589/*
1590** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1591** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1592**
1593** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1594** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1595**
1596** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1597** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1598** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1599** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1600** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1601** is invoked.
1602**
1603** <dl>
1604** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1605** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1606** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1607** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1608** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1609** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1610** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1611** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1612** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1613** configuration option.</dd>
1614**
1615** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1616** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1617** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1618** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1619** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1620** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1621** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1622** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1623** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1624** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1625** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1626** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1627** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1628**
1629** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1630** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1631** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1632** all mutexes including the recursive
1633** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1634** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1635** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1636** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1637** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1638** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1639** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1640** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1641** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1642** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1643** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1644**
1645** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1646** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1647** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1648** The argument specifies
1649** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1650** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1651** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1652** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1653**
1654** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1655** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1656** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1657** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1658** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1659** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1660** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1661** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1662**
1663** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1664** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1665** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1666** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1667** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1668**   <ul>
1669**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1670**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1671**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1672**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1673**   </ul>)^
1674** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1675** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1676** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1677** </dd>
1678**
1679** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1680** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option specifies a static memory buffer
1681** that SQLite can use for scratch memory.  ^(There are three arguments
1682** to SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH:  A pointer an 8-byte
1683** aligned memory buffer from which the scratch allocations will be
1684** drawn, the size of each scratch allocation (sz),
1685** and the maximum number of scratch allocations (N).)^
1686** The first argument must be a pointer to an 8-byte aligned buffer
1687** of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1688** ^SQLite will not use more than one scratch buffers per thread.
1689** ^SQLite will never request a scratch buffer that is more than 6
1690** times the database page size.
1691** ^If SQLite needs needs additional
1692** scratch memory beyond what is provided by this configuration option, then
1693** [sqlite3_malloc()] will be used to obtain the memory needed.<p>
1694** ^When the application provides any amount of scratch memory using
1695** SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH, SQLite avoids unnecessary large
1696** [sqlite3_malloc|heap allocations].
1697** This can help [Robson proof|prevent memory allocation failures] due to heap
1698** fragmentation in low-memory embedded systems.
1699** </dd>
1700**
1701** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1702** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1703** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1704** cache implementation.
1705** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1706** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1707** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1708** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1709** and the number of cache lines (N).
1710** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1711** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1712** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1713** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1714** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1715** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1716** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1717** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1718** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1719** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1720** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1721** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1722** is exhausted.
1723** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1724** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1725** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1726** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1727** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1728** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1729** additional cache line. </dd>
1730**
1731** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1732** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1733** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1734** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and
1735** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1736** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1737** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1738** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1739** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1740** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1741** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1742** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1743** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1744** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1745** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1746** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1747** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1748** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1749** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1750** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1751**
1752** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1753** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1754** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1755** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1756** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1757** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1758** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1759** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1760** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1761** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1762** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1763**
1764** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1765** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1766** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1767** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1768** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1769** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1770** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1771** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1772** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1773** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1774** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1775** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1776**
1777** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1778** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1779** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1780** The first argument is the
1781** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1782** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1783** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1784** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1785** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1786**
1787** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1788** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1789** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1790** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1791** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1792**
1793** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1794** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1795** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1796** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1797**
1798** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1799** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1800** global [error log].
1801** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1802** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1803** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1804** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1805** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1806** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1807** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1808** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1809** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1810** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1811** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1812** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1813** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1814** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1815** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1816** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1817**
1818** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1819** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1820** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1821** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1822** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1823** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1824** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1825** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1826** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1827** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1828** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1829** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1830** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1831**
1832** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1833** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1834** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1835** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1836** ^The default setting is determined
1837** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1838** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1839** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1840** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1841** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1842** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1843** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1844**
1845** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1846** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1847** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1848** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1849** </dd>
1850**
1851** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1852** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1853** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1854** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1855** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1856** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1857** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1858** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1859** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1860** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1861** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1862** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1863** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1864** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1865** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1866** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1867**
1868** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1869** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1870** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1871** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1872** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1873** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1874** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1875** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1876** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1877** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1878** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1879** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1880** changed to its compile-time default.
1881**
1882** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1883** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1884** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1885** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1886** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1887** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1888**
1889** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1890** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1891** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1892** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1893** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1894** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1895** target platform, and SQLite version.
1896**
1897** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1898** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1899** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1900** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1901** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1902** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1903** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1904** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1905** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1906** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1907**
1908** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1909** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1910** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1911** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1912** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1913** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1914** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1915** exclusively in memory.
1916** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1917** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1918** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1919** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1920** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1921** </dl>
1922*/
1923#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1924#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1925#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1926#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1927#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1928#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1929#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1930#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1931#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1932#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1933#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1934/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1935#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1936#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1937#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1938#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1939#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1940#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1941#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1942#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1943#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1944#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1945#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1946#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1947#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1948#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
1949
1950/*
1951** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1952**
1953** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1954** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1955**
1956** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1957** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1958** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1959** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1960** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1961** is invoked.
1962**
1963** <dl>
1964** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1965** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1966** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1967** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1968** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
1969** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
1970** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
1971** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
1972** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
1973** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1974** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
1975** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
1976** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
1977** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
1978** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
1979** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
1980** when the "current value" returned by
1981** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
1982** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
1983** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
1984** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
1985**
1986** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
1987** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
1988** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
1989** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
1990** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
1991** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1992** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
1993** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1994** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
1995**
1996** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
1997** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
1998** There should be two additional arguments.
1999** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2000** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2001** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2002** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2003** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2004** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
2005**
2006** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2007** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
2008** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2009** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2010** There should be two additional arguments.
2011** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2012** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2013** unchanged.
2014** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2015** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2016** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2017** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2018**
2019** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2020** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2021** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2022** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2023** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2024** There should be two additional arguments.
2025** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2026** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2027** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2028** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2029** C-API or the SQL function.
2030** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2031** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2032** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2033** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2034** </dd>
2035**
2036** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2037** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2038** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2039** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2040** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2041** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2042** until after the database connection closes.
2043** </dd>
2044**
2045** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2046** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2047** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2048** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2049** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2050** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2051** is an integer - non-zero to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2052** default) to enable them. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2053** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2054** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2055** </dd>
2056**
2057** </dl>
2058*/
2059#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2060#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2061#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2062#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2063#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2064#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2065#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2066
2067
2068/*
2069** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2070** METHOD: sqlite3
2071**
2072** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2073** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2074** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2075*/
2076SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2077
2078/*
2079** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2080** METHOD: sqlite3
2081**
2082** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2083** has a unique 64-bit signed
2084** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2085** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2086** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2087** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2088** is another alias for the rowid.
2089**
2090** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2091** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2092** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2093** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2094** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2095** zero.
2096**
2097** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2098** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2099** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2100**
2101** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2102** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2103** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2104** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2105** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2106** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2107** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2108** control to the user.
2109**
2110** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2111** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2112** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2113** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2114**
2115** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2116** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2117** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2118** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2119** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2120** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2121** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2122** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2123** the return value of this interface.)^
2124**
2125** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2126** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2127**
2128** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2129** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2130**
2131** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2132** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2133** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2134** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2135** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2136** last insert [rowid].
2137*/
2138SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2139
2140/*
2141** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2142** METHOD: sqlite3
2143**
2144** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2145** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2146** without inserting a row into the database.
2147*/
2148SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2149
2150/*
2151** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2152** METHOD: sqlite3
2153**
2154** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2155** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2156** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2157** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2158** returned by this function.
2159**
2160** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2161** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2162** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2163**
2164** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2165** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2166** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2167** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2168** tables are counted.
2169**
2170** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2171** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2172** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2173** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2174**
2175** <ul>
2176**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2177**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2178**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2179**
2180**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2181**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2182**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2183**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2184**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2185** </ul>
2186**
2187** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2188** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2189** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2190** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2191** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2192** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2193**
2194** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
2195** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
2196**
2197** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2198** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2199** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2200*/
2201SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2202
2203/*
2204** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2205** METHOD: sqlite3
2206**
2207** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2208** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2209** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2210** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2211** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2212**
2213** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2214** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2215** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2216** are not counted.
2217**
2218** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2219** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2220**
2221** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2222** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2223** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2224*/
2225SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2226
2227/*
2228** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2229** METHOD: sqlite3
2230**
2231** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2232** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2233** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2234** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2235** immediately.
2236**
2237** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2238** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2239** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2240** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2241**
2242** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2243** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2244** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2245**
2246** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2247** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2248** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2249** will be rolled back automatically.
2250**
2251** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2252** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2253** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2254** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2255** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2256** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2257** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2258** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2259** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2260** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2261*/
2262SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2263
2264/*
2265** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2266**
2267** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2268** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2269** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2270** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2271** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2272** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2273** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2274** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2275** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2276** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2277** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2278**
2279** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2280** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2281**
2282** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2283** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2284**
2285** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2286** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2287** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2288** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2289** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2290**
2291** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2292** UTF-8 string.
2293**
2294** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2295** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2296*/
2297SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2298SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2299
2300/*
2301** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2302** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2303** METHOD: sqlite3
2304**
2305** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2306** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2307** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2308** [database connection] D when another thread
2309** or process has the table locked.
2310** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2311** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2312**
2313** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2314** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2315** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2316**
2317** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2318** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2319** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2320** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2321** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2322** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2323** to the application.
2324** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2325** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2326**
2327** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2328** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2329** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2330** to the application instead of invoking the
2331** busy handler.
2332** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2333** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2334** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2335** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2336** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2337** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2338** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2339** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2340** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2341** the second process to proceed.
2342**
2343** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2344**
2345** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2346** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2347** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2348** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2349** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2350**
2351** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2352** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2353** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2354** result in undefined behavior.
2355**
2356** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2357** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2358*/
2359SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2360
2361/*
2362** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2363** METHOD: sqlite3
2364**
2365** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2366** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2367** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2368** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2369** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2370** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2371**
2372** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2373** turns off all busy handlers.
2374**
2375** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2376** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2377** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2378** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2379**
2380** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2381*/
2382SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2383
2384/*
2385** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2386** METHOD: sqlite3
2387**
2388** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2389** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2390**
2391** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2392** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2393** complete query results from one or more queries.
2394**
2395** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2396** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2397** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2398** and M be the number of columns.
2399**
2400** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2401** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2402** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2403** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2404** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2405** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2406**
2407** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2408** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2409** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2410**
2411** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2412** is as follows:
2413**
2414** <blockquote><pre>
2415**        Name        | Age
2416**        -----------------------
2417**        Alice       | 43
2418**        Bob         | 28
2419**        Cindy       | 21
2420** </pre></blockquote>
2421**
2422** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2423** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2424** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2425**
2426** <blockquote><pre>
2427**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2428**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2429**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2430**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2431**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2432**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2433**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2434**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2435** </pre></blockquote>)^
2436**
2437** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2438** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2439** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2440** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2441**
2442** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2443** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2444** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2445** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2446** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2447** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2448**
2449** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2450** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2451** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2452** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2453** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2454** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2455** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2456*/
2457SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
2458  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2459  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2460  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2461  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2462  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2463  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2464);
2465SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2466
2467/*
2468** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2469**
2470** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2471** from the standard C library.
2472** These routines understand most of the common K&R formatting options,
2473** plus some additional non-standard formats, detailed below.
2474** Note that some of the more obscure formatting options from recent
2475** C-library standards are omitted from this implementation.
2476**
2477** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2478** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
2479** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2480** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2481** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
2482** memory to hold the resulting string.
2483**
2484** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2485** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2486** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2487** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2488** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2489** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2490** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2491** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2492** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2493** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2494** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2495** now without breaking compatibility.
2496**
2497** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2498** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2499** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2500** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2501** written will be n-1 characters.
2502**
2503** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2504**
2505** These routines all implement some additional formatting
2506** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
2507** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
2508** is are "%q", "%Q", "%w" and "%z" options.
2509**
2510** ^(The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a nul-terminated
2511** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
2512** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.)^  By doubling each '\''
2513** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
2514** the string.
2515**
2516** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
2517**
2518** <blockquote><pre>
2519**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
2520** </pre></blockquote>
2521**
2522** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
2523**
2524** <blockquote><pre>
2525**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
2526**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2527**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2528** </pre></blockquote>
2529**
2530** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
2531** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
2532**
2533** <blockquote><pre>
2534**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
2535** </pre></blockquote>
2536**
2537** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
2538** would have looked like this:
2539**
2540** <blockquote><pre>
2541**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
2542** </pre></blockquote>
2543**
2544** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
2545** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
2546**
2547** ^(The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
2548** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
2549** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
2550** single quotes).)^  So, for example, one could say:
2551**
2552** <blockquote><pre>
2553**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
2554**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2555**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2556** </pre></blockquote>
2557**
2558** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
2559** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
2560**
2561** ^(The "%w" formatting option is like "%q" except that it expects to
2562** be contained within double-quotes instead of single quotes, and it
2563** escapes the double-quote character instead of the single-quote
2564** character.)^  The "%w" formatting option is intended for safely inserting
2565** table and column names into a constructed SQL statement.
2566**
2567** ^(The "%z" formatting option works like "%s" but with the
2568** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
2569** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.)^
2570*/
2571SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2572SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2573SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2574SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2575
2576/*
2577** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2578**
2579** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2580** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2581** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2582** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2583**
2584** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2585** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2586** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2587** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2588** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2589** a NULL pointer.
2590**
2591** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2592** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2593** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2594**
2595** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2596** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2597** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2598** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2599** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2600** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2601** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2602** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2603** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2604** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2605**
2606** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2607** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2608** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2609** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2610** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2611** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2612** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2613** sqlite3_free(X).
2614** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2615** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2616** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2617** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2618** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2619** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2620** prior allocation is not freed.
2621**
2622** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2623** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2624** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2625**
2626** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2627** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2628** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2629** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2630** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2631** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2632** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2633** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2634** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2635**
2636** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2637** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2638** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2639** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2640** option is used.
2641**
2642** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2643** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2644** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2645** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2646**
2647** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2648** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2649** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2650** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2651** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2652** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2653** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2654**
2655** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2656** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2657** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2658** not yet been released.
2659**
2660** The application must not read or write any part of
2661** a block of memory after it has been released using
2662** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2663*/
2664SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2665SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2666SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2667SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2668SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
2669SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2670
2671/*
2672** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2673**
2674** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2675** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2676** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2677**
2678** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2679** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2680** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2681** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2682** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2683** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2684** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2685** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2686** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2687**
2688** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2689** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2690** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2691** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2692** prior to the reset.
2693*/
2694SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2695SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2696
2697/*
2698** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2699**
2700** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2701** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2702** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2703** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2704** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2705**
2706** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2707** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2708**
2709** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2710** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2711** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2712** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2713** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2714** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2715** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2716** method.
2717*/
2718SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2719
2720/*
2721** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2722** METHOD: sqlite3
2723** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2724**
2725** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2726** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2727** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2728** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2729** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
2730** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2731** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2732** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2733** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2734** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2735** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2736** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2737** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2738** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2739** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2740**
2741** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2742** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2743** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2744** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2745** access is denied.
2746**
2747** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2748** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2749** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2750** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2751** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
2752** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
2753** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
2754** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
2755**
2756** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2757** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2758** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2759** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2760** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2761** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2762** columns of a table.
2763** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
2764** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
2765** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
2766** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
2767** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2768** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2769** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2770**
2771** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2772** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2773** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2774** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2775** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2776** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2777** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2778** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2779** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2780** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2781**
2782** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2783** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2784** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2785** in addition to using an authorizer.
2786**
2787** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2788** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2789** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2790** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2791**
2792** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2793** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2794** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2795** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2796**
2797** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2798** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2799** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2800** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2801**
2802** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2803** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2804** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2805** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2806** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2807*/
2808SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2809  sqlite3*,
2810  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2811  void *pUserData
2812);
2813
2814/*
2815** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2816**
2817** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2818** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2819** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2820** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2821** information.
2822**
2823** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2824** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2825*/
2826#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2827#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2828
2829/*
2830** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2831**
2832** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2833** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2834** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2835** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2836** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2837**
2838** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2839** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2840** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2841** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2842** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2843** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2844** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2845** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2846** top-level SQL code.
2847*/
2848/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2849#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2850#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2851#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2852#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2853#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2854#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2855#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2856#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2857#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2858#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2859#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2860#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2861#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2862#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2863#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2864#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2865#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2866#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2867#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2868#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2869#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2870#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2871#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2872#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2873#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2874#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2875#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2876#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2877#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2878#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2879#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2880#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2881#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2882#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2883
2884/*
2885** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2886** METHOD: sqlite3
2887**
2888** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
2889** instead of the routines described here.
2890**
2891** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2892** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2893**
2894** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2895** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2896** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2897** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2898** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2899** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2900** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2901**
2902** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2903** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2904**
2905** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2906** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2907** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2908** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2909** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2910** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2911** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2912** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2913** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2914** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2915*/
2916SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
2917   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2918SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2919   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2920
2921/*
2922** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
2923** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
2924**
2925** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
2926** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The third argument
2927** to [sqlite3_trace_v2()] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
2928** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
2929** is one of the following constants.
2930**
2931** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
2932**
2933** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
2934** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
2935** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
2936** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
2937** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2938**
2939** <dl>
2940** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
2941** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
2942** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
2943** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
2944** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
2945** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
2946** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
2947** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
2948** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
2949** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
2950** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
2951**
2952** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
2953** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
2954** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
2955** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2956** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
2957** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
2958** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
2959**
2960** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
2961** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
2962** statement generates a single row of result.
2963** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2964** X argument is unused.
2965**
2966** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
2967** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
2968** connection closes.
2969** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
2970** and the X argument is unused.
2971** </dl>
2972*/
2973#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
2974#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
2975#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
2976#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
2977
2978/*
2979** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
2980** METHOD: sqlite3
2981**
2982** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
2983** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
2984** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
2985** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
2986** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
2987** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
2988**
2989** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
2990** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
2991**
2992** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
2993** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
2994** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
2995** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
2996**
2997** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
2998** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
2999** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3000** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3001** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3002**
3003** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3004** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3005** are deprecated.
3006*/
3007SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3008  sqlite3*,
3009  unsigned uMask,
3010  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3011  void *pCtx
3012);
3013
3014/*
3015** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3016** METHOD: sqlite3
3017**
3018** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3019** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3020** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3021** database connection D.  An example use for this
3022** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3023**
3024** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3025** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3026** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3027** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3028** handler is disabled.
3029**
3030** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3031** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3032** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3033** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3034** than 1.
3035**
3036** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3037** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3038** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3039**
3040** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3041** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3042** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3043** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3044**
3045*/
3046SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3047
3048/*
3049** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3050** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3051**
3052** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3053** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3054** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3055** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3056** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3057** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3058** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3059** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3060** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3061** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3062** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3063** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3064**
3065** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3066** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3067** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3068**
3069** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3070** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3071** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3072**
3073** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3074** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3075** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3076** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
3077** the following three values, optionally combined with the
3078** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
3079** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
3080**
3081** <dl>
3082** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3083** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3084** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3085**
3086** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3087** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3088** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3089** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3090**
3091** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3092** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3093** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3094** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3095** </dl>
3096**
3097** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3098** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3099** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3100** then the behavior is undefined.
3101**
3102** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
3103** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
3104** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
3105** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
3106** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
3107** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
3108** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
3109** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
3110** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
3111** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
3112** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
3113**
3114** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3115** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3116** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3117** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3118**
3119** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3120** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3121** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3122** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3123** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3124** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3125** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3126**
3127** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3128** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3129** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3130**
3131** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3132**
3133** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3134** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3135** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3136** set in the fourth argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3137** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3138** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3139** As of SQLite version 3.7.7, URI filename interpretation is turned off
3140** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3141** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3142** information.
3143**
3144** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3145** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3146** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3147** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3148** present, is ignored.
3149**
3150** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3151** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3152** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3153** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3154** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3155** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3156** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3157**
3158** [[core URI query parameters]]
3159** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3160** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3161** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3162** following query parameters:
3163**
3164** <ul>
3165**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3166**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3167**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3168**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3169**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3170**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3171**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3172**
3173**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3174**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3175**     an error)^.
3176**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3177**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3178**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3179**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3180**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3181**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3182**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3183**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3184**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3185**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3186**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3187**
3188**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3189**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3190**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3191**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3192**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3193**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3194**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3195**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3196**
3197**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3198**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3199**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3200**
3201**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3202**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3203**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3204**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3205**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3206**     processes uses nolock=1.
3207**
3208**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3209**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3210**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3211**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3212**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3213**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3214**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3215**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3216**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3217**
3218** </ul>
3219**
3220** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3221** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3222** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3223** additional information.
3224**
3225** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3226**
3227** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3228** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3229** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3230**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3231** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3232**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3233**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3234**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3235** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3236**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3237** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3238**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3239**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3240**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3241**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3242**          in URI filenames.
3243** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3244**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3245**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3246**          default, use a private cache.
3247** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3248**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3249**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3250** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3251**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3252** </table>
3253**
3254** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3255** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3256** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3257** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3258** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3259** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3260** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3261** the results are undefined.
3262**
3263** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3264** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3265** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3266** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3267** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3268**
3269** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3270** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3271** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3272**
3273** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3274*/
3275SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3276  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3277  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3278);
3279SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3280  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3281  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3282);
3283SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3284  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3285  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3286  int flags,              /* Flags */
3287  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3288);
3289
3290/*
3291** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3292**
3293** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3294** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3295** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3296**
3297** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3298** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3299** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3300** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3301** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3302** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3303** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3304** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3305** a pointer to an empty string.
3306**
3307** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3308** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3309** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3310** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3311** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3312** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3313** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3314** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3315** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3316** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3317**
3318** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3319** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3320** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3321** zero is returned.
3322**
3323** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3324** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3325** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3326** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3327** undesirable.
3328*/
3329SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3330SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3331SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3332
3333
3334/*
3335** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3336** METHOD: sqlite3
3337**
3338** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3339** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3340** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3341** API call.
3342** If the most recent API call was successful,
3343** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
3344** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3345** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3346** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3347** disabled.
3348**
3349** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3350** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3351** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3352** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3353** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3354** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3355**
3356** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3357** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3358** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3359** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3360**
3361** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3362** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3363** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3364** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3365** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3366** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3367** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3368** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3369** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3370**
3371** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3372** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3373** error code and message may or may not be set.
3374*/
3375SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3376SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3377SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3378SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3379SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3380
3381/*
3382** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3383** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3384**
3385** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3386** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3387**
3388** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3389** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3390** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3391** prepared statement before it can be run.
3392**
3393** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3394**
3395** <ol>
3396** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3397** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3398**      interfaces.
3399** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3400** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3401**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3402** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3403** </ol>
3404*/
3405typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3406
3407/*
3408** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3409** METHOD: sqlite3
3410**
3411** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3412** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3413** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3414** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3415** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3416** new limit for that construct.)^
3417**
3418** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3419** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3420** [limits | hard upper bound]
3421** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3422** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3423** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3424** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3425** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3426**
3427** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3428** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3429** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3430** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3431**
3432** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3433** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3434** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3435** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3436** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3437** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3438** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3439** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3440** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3441** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3442** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3443** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3444**
3445** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3446*/
3447SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3448
3449/*
3450** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3451** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3452**
3453** These constants define various performance limits
3454** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3455** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3456** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3457**
3458** <dl>
3459** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3460** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3461**
3462** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3463** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3464**
3465** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3466** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3467** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3468** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3469**
3470** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3471** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3472**
3473** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3474** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3475**
3476** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3477** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3478** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3479** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3480** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3481**
3482** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3483** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3484**
3485** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3486** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3487**
3488** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3489** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3490** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3491** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3492**
3493** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3494** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3495** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3496**
3497** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3498** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3499**
3500** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3501** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3502** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3503** </dl>
3504*/
3505#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3506#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3507#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3508#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3509#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3510#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3511#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3512#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3513#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3514#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3515#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3516#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3517
3518
3519/*
3520** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3521** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3522** METHOD: sqlite3
3523** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3524**
3525** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3526** program using one of these routines.
3527**
3528** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3529** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3530** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3531**
3532** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3533** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
3534** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
3535** use UTF-16.
3536**
3537** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3538** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3539** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3540** statement is generated.
3541** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3542** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3543** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3544** the nul-terminator.
3545**
3546** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3547** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3548** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3549** what remains uncompiled.
3550**
3551** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3552** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3553** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3554** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3555** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3556** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3557** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3558**
3559** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3560** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3561**
3562** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
3563** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
3564** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3565** ^In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
3566** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3567** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3568** behave differently in three ways:
3569**
3570** <ol>
3571** <li>
3572** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3573** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3574** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3575** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3576** </li>
3577**
3578** <li>
3579** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3580** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3581** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3582** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3583** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3584** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3585** </li>
3586**
3587** <li>
3588** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3589** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3590** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3591** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3592** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3593** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3594** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3595** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3596** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3597** </li>
3598** </ol>
3599*/
3600SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
3601  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3602  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3603  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3604  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3605  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3606);
3607SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3608  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3609  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3610  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3611  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3612  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3613);
3614SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
3615  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3616  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3617  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3618  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3619  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3620);
3621SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3622  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3623  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3624  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3625  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3626  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3627);
3628
3629/*
3630** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3631** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3632**
3633** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
3634** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
3635** created by either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3636** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3637** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
3638** [bound parameters] expanded.
3639**
3640** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
3641** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
3642** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
3643** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
3644** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
3645**
3646** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
3647** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
3648** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
3649**
3650** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
3651** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
3652** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
3653**
3654** ^The string returned by sqlite3_sql(P) is managed by SQLite and is
3655** automatically freed when the prepared statement is finalized.
3656** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
3657** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
3658** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
3659*/
3660SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3661SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3662
3663/*
3664** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3665** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3666**
3667** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3668** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3669** the content of the database file.
3670**
3671** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3672** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3673** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3674** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3675** change the database file through side-effects:
3676**
3677** <blockquote><pre>
3678**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3679** </pre></blockquote>
3680**
3681** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3682** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3683**
3684** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3685** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3686** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3687** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3688** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3689** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3690** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3691** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3692** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
3693** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
3694** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
3695** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
3696*/
3697SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3698
3699/*
3700** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3701** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3702**
3703** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3704** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3705** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3706** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3707** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3708** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3709** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3710** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3711**
3712** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3713** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3714** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3715** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3716** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3717*/
3718SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3719
3720/*
3721** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3722** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3723**
3724** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3725** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3726** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3727** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3728**
3729** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3730** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3731** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3732** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3733** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3734** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3735** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3736**
3737** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3738** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3739** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3740** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3741** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3742** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3743** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3744** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3745** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3746** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3747** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3748** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3749**
3750** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3751** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3752** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3753** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3754** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
3755** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
3756** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3757** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3758*/
3759typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
3760
3761/*
3762** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3763**
3764** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3765** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3766** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3767** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3768** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3769** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3770** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3771** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3772*/
3773typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3774
3775/*
3776** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3777** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3778** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3779** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3780**
3781** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3782** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3783** templates:
3784**
3785** <ul>
3786** <li>  ?
3787** <li>  ?NNN
3788** <li>  :VVV
3789** <li>  @VVV
3790** <li>  $VVV
3791** </ul>
3792**
3793** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3794** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3795** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3796** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3797**
3798** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3799** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3800** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3801**
3802** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3803** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3804** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3805** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3806** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3807** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3808** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3809** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3810** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3811**
3812** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3813** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3814** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3815** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3816**
3817** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3818** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3819** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3820** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3821** is negative, then the length of the string is
3822** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3823** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3824** the behavior is undefined.
3825** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3826** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3827** that parameter must be the byte offset
3828** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3829** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3830** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3831** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3832** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3833**
3834** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3835** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3836** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3837** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3838** ^If the fifth argument is
3839** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3840** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3841** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3842** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3843** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3844**
3845** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3846** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3847** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3848** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3849** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3850** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3851** is undefined.
3852**
3853** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3854** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3855** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3856** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3857** content is later written using
3858** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3859** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3860**
3861** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3862** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3863** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3864** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3865** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3866** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3867**
3868** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3869** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3870**
3871** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3872** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3873** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3874** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3875** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3876** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3877** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3878**
3879** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3880** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3881*/
3882SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3883SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3884                        void(*)(void*));
3885SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3886SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3887SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3888SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3889SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
3890SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3891SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3892                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3893SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3894SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3895SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3896
3897/*
3898** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3899** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3900**
3901** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3902** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3903** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3904** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3905** to the parameters at a later time.
3906**
3907** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3908** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3909** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
3910** there may be gaps in the list.)^
3911**
3912** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3913** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3914** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3915*/
3916SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3917
3918/*
3919** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
3920** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3921**
3922** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
3923** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
3924** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3925** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3926** respectively.
3927** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3928** is included as part of the name.)^
3929** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3930** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
3931**
3932** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3933**
3934** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
3935** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
3936** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3937** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3938** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3939**
3940** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3941** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3942** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3943*/
3944SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3945
3946/*
3947** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
3948** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3949**
3950** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
3951** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3952** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
3953** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
3954** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3955** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3956**
3957** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3958** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3959** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
3960*/
3961SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3962
3963/*
3964** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
3965** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3966**
3967** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3968** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3969** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3970*/
3971SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3972
3973/*
3974** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
3975** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3976**
3977** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3978** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
3979** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3980** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
3981** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
3982** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
3983** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
3984**
3985** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
3986*/
3987SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3988
3989/*
3990** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
3991** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3992**
3993** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3994** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
3995** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3996** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3997** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3998** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
3999** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4000**
4001** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4002** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4003** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4004** or until the next call to
4005** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4006**
4007** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4008** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4009** NULL pointer is returned.
4010**
4011** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4012** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4013** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4014** one release of SQLite to the next.
4015*/
4016SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4017SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4018
4019/*
4020** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4021** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4022**
4023** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4024** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4025** [SELECT] statement.
4026** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4027** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4028** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4029** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4030** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4031** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4032** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4033** or until the same information is requested
4034** again in a different encoding.
4035**
4036** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4037** database, table, and column.
4038**
4039** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4040** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4041** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4042** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4043**
4044** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4045** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4046** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4047** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4048** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4049**
4050** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4051** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4052**
4053** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4054** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4055**
4056** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
4057** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
4058** undefined.
4059**
4060** If two or more threads call one or more
4061** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4062** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4063** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4064*/
4065SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4066SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4067SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4068SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4069SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4070SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4071
4072/*
4073** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4074** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4075**
4076** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4077** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4078** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4079** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4080** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4081** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4082** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4083**
4084** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4085**
4086** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4087**
4088** and the following statement to be compiled:
4089**
4090** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4091**
4092** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4093** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4094**
4095** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4096** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4097** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4098** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4099** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4100** used to hold those values.
4101*/
4102SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4103SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4104
4105/*
4106** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4107** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4108**
4109** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
4110** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
4111** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4112** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4113**
4114** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4115** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
4116** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4117** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4118** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4119** interface will continue to be supported.
4120**
4121** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4122** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4123** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4124** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4125**
4126** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4127** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4128** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4129** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4130** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4131** continuing.
4132**
4133** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4134** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4135** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4136** machine back to its initial state.
4137**
4138** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4139** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4140** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4141** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4142**
4143** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4144** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4145** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4146** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4147** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4148** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4149** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4150** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4151**
4152** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4153** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4154** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4155** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4156** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4157** more threads at the same moment in time.
4158**
4159** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4160** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4161** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4162** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4163** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4164** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4165** sqlite3_step() began
4166** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4167** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4168** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4169** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4170** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4171**
4172** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4173** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4174** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4175** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4176** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4177** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4178** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4179** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
4180** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4181** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4182** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
4183*/
4184SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4185
4186/*
4187** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4188** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4189**
4190** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4191** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4192** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4193** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
4194** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4195** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4196** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4197** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4198** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4199** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4200** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4201** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4202**
4203** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4204*/
4205SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4206
4207/*
4208** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4209** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4210**
4211** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4212**
4213** <ul>
4214** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4215** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4216** <li> string
4217** <li> BLOB
4218** <li> NULL
4219** </ul>)^
4220**
4221** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4222**
4223** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4224** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4225** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4226** SQLITE_TEXT.
4227*/
4228#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4229#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4230#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4231#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4232#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4233# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4234#else
4235# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4236#endif
4237#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4238
4239/*
4240** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4241** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4242** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4243**
4244** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4245** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4246** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4247** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4248** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4249** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4250** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4251** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4252**
4253** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4254** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4255** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4256** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4257** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4258** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4259** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4260** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4261** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4262** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4263** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4264**
4265** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4266** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4267** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4268** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
4269** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
4270** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
4271** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
4272** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4273** following a type conversion.
4274**
4275** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4276** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4277** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4278** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4279** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4280** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4281** the number of bytes in that string.
4282** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4283**
4284** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4285** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4286** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4287** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4288** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4289** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4290** the number of bytes in that string.
4291** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4292**
4293** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4294** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4295** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4296** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4297** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4298**
4299** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4300** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4301** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4302**
4303** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4304** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4305** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4306** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4307** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4308** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4309** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4310** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4311**
4312** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  ^For
4313** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4314** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4315** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4316** that are applied:
4317**
4318** <blockquote>
4319** <table border="1">
4320** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4321**
4322** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4323** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4324** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4325** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4326** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4327** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4328** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4329** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4330** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4331** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4332** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4333** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4334** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4335** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4336** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4337** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4338** </table>
4339** </blockquote>)^
4340**
4341** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4342** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4343** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4344** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4345** in the following cases:
4346**
4347** <ul>
4348** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4349**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4350**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4351** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4352**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4353**      to UTF-16.</li>
4354** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4355**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4356**      to UTF-8.</li>
4357** </ul>
4358**
4359** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4360** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4361** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4362** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4363** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4364**
4365** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4366** in one of the following ways:
4367**
4368** <ul>
4369**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4370**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4371**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4372** </ul>
4373**
4374** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4375** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4376** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4377** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4378** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4379** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4380** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4381**
4382** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4383** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4384** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4385** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <em>not</em> pass the pointers returned
4386** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4387** [sqlite3_free()].
4388**
4389** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
4390** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
4391** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
4392** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
4393** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^
4394*/
4395SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4396SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4397SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4398SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4399SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4400SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4401SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4402SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4403SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4404SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4405
4406/*
4407** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4408** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4409**
4410** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4411** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4412** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4413** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4414** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4415** [extended error code].
4416**
4417** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4418** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4419** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4420** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4421** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4422** completed execution.
4423**
4424** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4425**
4426** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4427** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4428** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4429** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4430** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4431*/
4432SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4433
4434/*
4435** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4436** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4437**
4438** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4439** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4440** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4441** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4442** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4443**
4444** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4445** back to the beginning of its program.
4446**
4447** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4448** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4449** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4450** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4451**
4452** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4453** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4454** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4455**
4456** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4457** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4458*/
4459SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4460
4461/*
4462** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4463** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4464** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4465** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4466** METHOD: sqlite3
4467**
4468** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4469** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4470** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4471** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4472** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4473** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4474** the application data pointer.
4475**
4476** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4477** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4478** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4479** to each database connection separately.
4480**
4481** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4482** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4483** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4484** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4485** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4486** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4487**
4488** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4489** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4490** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4491** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4492** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4493** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4494** undefined.
4495**
4496** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4497** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4498** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4499** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4500** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4501** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4502** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4503** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4504** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4505** each encoding.
4506** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4507** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4508**
4509** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4510** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4511** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4512** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4513** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4514** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4515** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4516**
4517** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4518** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4519**
4520** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4521** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4522** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4523** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4524** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4525** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4526** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4527** callbacks.
4528**
4529** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4530** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4531** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4532** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4533** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4534** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4535** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4536** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4537** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4538**
4539** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4540** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4541** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4542** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4543** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4544** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4545** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4546** matches the database encoding is a better
4547** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4548** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4549** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4550** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4551**
4552** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4553**
4554** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4555** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4556** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4557** statement in which the function is running.
4558*/
4559SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
4560  sqlite3 *db,
4561  const char *zFunctionName,
4562  int nArg,
4563  int eTextRep,
4564  void *pApp,
4565  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4566  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4567  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4568);
4569SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
4570  sqlite3 *db,
4571  const void *zFunctionName,
4572  int nArg,
4573  int eTextRep,
4574  void *pApp,
4575  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4576  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4577  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4578);
4579SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4580  sqlite3 *db,
4581  const char *zFunctionName,
4582  int nArg,
4583  int eTextRep,
4584  void *pApp,
4585  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4586  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4587  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4588  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4589);
4590
4591/*
4592** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4593**
4594** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4595** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4596*/
4597#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4598#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4599#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4600#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4601#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4602#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4603
4604/*
4605** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4606**
4607** These constants may be ORed together with the
4608** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4609** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4610** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4611*/
4612#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4613
4614/*
4615** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4616** DEPRECATED
4617**
4618** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4619** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4620** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4621** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4622** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4623*/
4624#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4625SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4626SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4627SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4628SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4629SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4630SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4631                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
4632#endif
4633
4634/*
4635** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4636** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4637**
4638** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
4639** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
4640** the function or aggregate.
4641**
4642** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
4643** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4644** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
4645** The 3rd parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4646** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4647** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4648** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4649**
4650** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4651** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4652** object results in undefined behavior.
4653**
4654** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4655** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4656** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4657**
4658** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4659** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4660** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4661** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4662**
4663** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4664** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4665** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4666** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4667** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4668** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4669** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4670**
4671** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4672** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4673** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4674** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4675** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4676**
4677** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4678** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4679*/
4680SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4681SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4682SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4683SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4684SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4685SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4686SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4687SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4688SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4689SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4690SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4691SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4692
4693/*
4694** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
4695** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4696**
4697** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
4698** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
4699** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
4700** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
4701** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
4702**
4703** SQLite makes no use of subtype itself.  It merely passes the subtype
4704** from the result of one [application-defined SQL function] into the
4705** input of another.
4706*/
4707SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
4708
4709/*
4710** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4711** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4712**
4713** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4714** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4715** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4716** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4717** memory allocation fails.
4718**
4719** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4720** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4721** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4722*/
4723SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4724SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4725
4726/*
4727** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4728** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4729**
4730** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4731** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4732**
4733** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4734** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4735** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4736** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4737** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4738** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4739** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4740** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4741** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4742** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4743** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4744** first time from within xFinal().)^
4745**
4746** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4747** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4748** allocate error occurs.
4749**
4750** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4751** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4752** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4753** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4754** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4755** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4756** pointless memory allocations occur.
4757**
4758** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4759** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4760**
4761** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4762** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4763** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4764** function.
4765**
4766** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4767** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4768*/
4769SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4770
4771/*
4772** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
4773** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4774**
4775** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4776** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4777** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4778** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4779** registered the application defined function.
4780**
4781** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4782** the application-defined function is running.
4783*/
4784SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4785
4786/*
4787** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
4788** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4789**
4790** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4791** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4792** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4793** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4794** registered the application defined function.
4795*/
4796SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4797
4798/*
4799** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
4800** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4801**
4802** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
4803** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4804** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4805** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
4806** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
4807** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
4808** metadata associated with the pattern string.
4809** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
4810** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4811** invocations of the same function.
4812**
4813** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4814** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
4815** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
4816** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
4817** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
4818** returns a NULL pointer.
4819**
4820** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
4821** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
4822** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
4823** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
4824** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
4825** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
4826** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
4827** once, when the metadata is discarded.
4828** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
4829** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
4830** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
4831**      SQL statement)^, or
4832** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
4833**       parameter)^, or
4834** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
4835**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
4836**
4837** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
4838** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
4839** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
4840** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
4841** function implementation should not make any use of P after
4842** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
4843**
4844** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4845** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
4846** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
4847**
4848** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
4849** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
4850** kinds of function caching behavior.
4851**
4852** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4853** the SQL function is running.
4854*/
4855SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4856SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
4857
4858
4859/*
4860** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
4861**
4862** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4863** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
4864** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4865** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
4866** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4867** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4868** the content before returning.
4869**
4870** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4871** C++ compilers.
4872*/
4873typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4874#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4875#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4876
4877/*
4878** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
4879** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4880**
4881** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4882** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4883** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4884** for additional information.
4885**
4886** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4887** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4888** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4889**
4890** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4891** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4892** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4893** third parameter.
4894**
4895** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
4896** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
4897** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
4898**
4899** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4900** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4901** by its 2nd argument.
4902**
4903** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4904** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4905** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4906** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4907** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
4908** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
4909** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4910** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4911** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4912** message all text up through the first zero character.
4913** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4914** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4915** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4916** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4917** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4918** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4919** modify the text after they return without harm.
4920** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4921** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
4922** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4923** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4924**
4925** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4926** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
4927**
4928** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4929** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4930**
4931** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4932** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4933** value given in the 2nd argument.
4934** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4935** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4936** value given in the 2nd argument.
4937**
4938** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4939** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4940**
4941** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4942** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4943** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4944** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4945** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4946** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
4947** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
4948** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
4949** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
4950** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4951** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4952** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4953** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4954** through the first zero character.
4955** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4956** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4957** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4958** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
4959** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
4960** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
4961** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
4962** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
4963** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
4964** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4965** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4966** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4967** finished using that result.
4968** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
4969** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4970** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4971** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
4972** when it has finished using that result.
4973** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4974** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4975** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4976** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4977**
4978** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4979** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
4980** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
4981** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4982** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4983** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4984** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4985** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4986** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4987**
4988** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4989** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4990** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4991*/
4992SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4993SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
4994                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
4995SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4996SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4997SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4998SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4999SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5000SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5001SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5002SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5003SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5004SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5005SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5006                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5007SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5008SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5009SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5010SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5011SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5012SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5013
5014
5015/*
5016** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5017** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5018**
5019** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5020** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5021** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5022** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5023** higher order bits are discarded.
5024** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5025** in future releases of SQLite.
5026*/
5027SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5028
5029/*
5030** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5031** METHOD: sqlite3
5032**
5033** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5034** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5035**
5036** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5037** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5038** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5039** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5040** considered to be the same name.
5041**
5042** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5043** <ul>
5044** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5045** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5046** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5047** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5048** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5049** </ul>)^
5050** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5051** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
5052** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5053** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5054** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5055** on an even byte address.
5056**
5057** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5058** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5059**
5060** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
5061** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5062** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5063** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5064** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
5065** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5066** that collation is no longer usable.
5067**
5068** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5069** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5070** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
5071** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5072** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5073** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5074** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5075** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5076** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5077** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5078** strings A, B, and C:
5079**
5080** <ol>
5081** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5082** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5083** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5084** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5085** </ol>
5086**
5087** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5088** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5089** is undefined.
5090**
5091** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5092** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5093** the collating function is deleted.
5094** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5095** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5096** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5097**
5098** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5099** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5100** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5101** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5102** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5103** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5104** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5105** compatibility.
5106**
5107** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5108*/
5109SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
5110  sqlite3*,
5111  const char *zName,
5112  int eTextRep,
5113  void *pArg,
5114  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5115);
5116SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5117  sqlite3*,
5118  const char *zName,
5119  int eTextRep,
5120  void *pArg,
5121  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5122  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5123);
5124SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5125  sqlite3*,
5126  const void *zName,
5127  int eTextRep,
5128  void *pArg,
5129  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5130);
5131
5132/*
5133** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5134** METHOD: sqlite3
5135**
5136** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5137** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5138** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5139** sequence is required.
5140**
5141** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5142** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5143** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5144** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5145** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5146**
5147** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5148** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5149** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5150** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5151** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5152** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5153** required collation sequence.)^
5154**
5155** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5156** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5157** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5158*/
5159SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5160  sqlite3*,
5161  void*,
5162  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5163);
5164SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5165  sqlite3*,
5166  void*,
5167  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5168);
5169
5170#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
5171/*
5172** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
5173** called right after sqlite3_open().
5174**
5175** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5176** of SQLite.
5177*/
5178SQLITE_API int sqlite3_key(
5179  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5180  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5181);
5182SQLITE_API int sqlite3_key_v2(
5183  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5184  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5185  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5186);
5187
5188/*
5189** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
5190** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
5191** database is decrypted.
5192**
5193** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5194** of SQLite.
5195*/
5196SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rekey(
5197  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5198  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5199);
5200SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
5201  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5202  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5203  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5204);
5205
5206/*
5207** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
5208** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
5209*/
5210SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_see(
5211  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5212);
5213#endif
5214
5215#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5216/*
5217** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5218** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5219*/
5220SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5221  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5222);
5223#endif
5224
5225/*
5226** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5227**
5228** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5229** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5230**
5231** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5232** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5233** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5234** requested from the operating system is returned.
5235**
5236** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5237** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5238** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5239** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5240** in the previous paragraphs.
5241*/
5242SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5243
5244/*
5245** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5246**
5247** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5248** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5249** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5250** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5251** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5252** temporary file directory.
5253**
5254** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5255** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5256** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5257** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5258** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5259** be avoided in new projects.
5260**
5261** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5262** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5263** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5264** thread.
5265** It is intended that this variable be set once
5266** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5267** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5268** thereafter.
5269**
5270** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5271** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5272** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5273** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5274** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5275** using [sqlite3_free].
5276** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5277** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5278** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5279** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
5280** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
5281** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
5282** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
5283** objects have been destroyed.
5284**
5285** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
5286** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
5287** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
5288** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
5289**
5290** <blockquote><pre>
5291** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
5292** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
5293** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
5294** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
5295** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
5296** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
5297** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
5298** </pre></blockquote>
5299*/
5300SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5301
5302/*
5303** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5304**
5305** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5306** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5307** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5308** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5309** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5310** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5311** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5312** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5313** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5314**
5315** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5316** open can result in a corrupt database.
5317**
5318** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5319** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5320** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5321** thread.
5322** It is intended that this variable be set once
5323** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5324** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5325** thereafter.
5326**
5327** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5328** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5329** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5330** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5331** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5332** using [sqlite3_free].
5333** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5334** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5335** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5336*/
5337SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5338
5339/*
5340** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5341** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5342** METHOD: sqlite3
5343**
5344** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5345** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5346** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5347** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5348** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5349**
5350** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5351** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5352** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5353** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5354** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5355** an error is to use this function.
5356**
5357** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5358** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5359** is undefined.
5360*/
5361SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5362
5363/*
5364** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5365** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5366**
5367** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5368** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5369** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5370** that was the first argument
5371** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5372** create the statement in the first place.
5373*/
5374SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5375
5376/*
5377** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5378** METHOD: sqlite3
5379**
5380** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5381** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5382** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5383** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5384** a NULL pointer is returned.
5385**
5386** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5387** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5388** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5389** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5390*/
5391SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5392
5393/*
5394** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5395** METHOD: sqlite3
5396**
5397** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5398** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5399** the name of a database on connection D.
5400*/
5401SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5402
5403/*
5404** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5405** METHOD: sqlite3
5406**
5407** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5408** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5409** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5410** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5411** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5412**
5413** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5414** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5415** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5416*/
5417SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5418
5419/*
5420** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5421** METHOD: sqlite3
5422**
5423** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5424** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5425** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5426** for the same database connection is overridden.
5427** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5428** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5429** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5430** for the same database connection is overridden.
5431** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5432** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5433** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5434**
5435** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5436** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5437** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5438** the first call for each function on D.
5439**
5440** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5441** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5442** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5443** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5444** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5445** or rollback hook in the first place.
5446** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5447** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5448** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5449**
5450** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5451**
5452** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5453** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5454** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5455** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5456** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5457**
5458** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5459** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5460** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5461** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5462** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5463**
5464** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5465*/
5466SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
5467SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
5468
5469/*
5470** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5471** METHOD: sqlite3
5472**
5473** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5474** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5475** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5476** a [rowid table].
5477** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5478** for the same database connection is overridden.
5479**
5480** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5481** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5482** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5483** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5484** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5485** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5486** to be invoked.
5487** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5488** database and table name containing the affected row.
5489** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5490** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5491**
5492** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5493** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5494** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5495**
5496** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5497** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
5498** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5499** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5500** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5501** release of SQLite.
5502**
5503** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5504** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5505** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5506** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5507** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5508** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5509**
5510** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5511** returns the P argument from the previous call
5512** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5513** the first call on D.
5514**
5515** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
5516** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
5517*/
5518SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5519  sqlite3*,
5520  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5521  void*
5522);
5523
5524/*
5525** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5526**
5527** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5528** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5529** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5530** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5531**
5532** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5533** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
5534** In prior versions of SQLite,
5535** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5536**
5537** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5538** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5539** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5540** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5541**
5542** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5543** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5544**
5545** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5546** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5547** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5548**
5549** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5550** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5551** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5552** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5553**
5554** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5555** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5556**
5557** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5558*/
5559SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5560
5561/*
5562** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5563**
5564** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5565** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5566** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5567** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5568** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5569** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5570** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5571** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5572**
5573** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5574*/
5575SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5576
5577/*
5578** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5579** METHOD: sqlite3
5580**
5581** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5582** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5583** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5584** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5585** omitted.
5586**
5587** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5588*/
5589SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5590
5591/*
5592** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5593**
5594** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5595** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5596** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5597** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5598** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5599** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5600** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5601** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5602** is advisory only.
5603**
5604** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5605** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5606** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5607** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5608** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5609** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5610**
5611** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5612**
5613** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5614** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5615**
5616** <ul>
5617** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5618** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5619**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5620**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5621** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5622**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5623** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5624**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5625**      from the heap.
5626** </ul>)^
5627**
5628** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.7.3] ([dateof:3.7.3]),
5629** the soft heap limit is enforced
5630** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5631** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5632** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5633** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5634** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5635** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5636** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5637** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5638**
5639** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5640** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5641*/
5642SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5643
5644/*
5645** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5646** DEPRECATED
5647**
5648** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5649** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5650** only.  All new applications should use the
5651** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5652*/
5653SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5654
5655
5656/*
5657** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5658** METHOD: sqlite3
5659**
5660** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5661** information about column C of table T in database D
5662** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5663** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5664** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5665** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5666** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5667** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5668** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
5669** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5670** does not.
5671**
5672** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5673** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5674** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5675** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5676** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5677** resolve unqualified table references.
5678**
5679** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5680** name of the desired column, respectively.
5681**
5682** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5683** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5684** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5685**
5686** ^(<blockquote>
5687** <table border="1">
5688** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5689**
5690** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5691** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5692** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5693** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5694** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5695** </table>
5696** </blockquote>)^
5697**
5698** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5699** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5700** call to any SQLite API function.
5701**
5702** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5703**
5704** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5705** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5706** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5707** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5708** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5709** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5710**
5711** <pre>
5712**     data type: "INTEGER"
5713**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5714**     not null: 0
5715**     primary key: 1
5716**     auto increment: 0
5717** </pre>)^
5718**
5719** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5720** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5721** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5722*/
5723SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5724  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5725  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5726  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5727  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5728  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5729  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5730  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5731  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5732  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5733);
5734
5735/*
5736** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
5737** METHOD: sqlite3
5738**
5739** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5740**
5741** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5742** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
5743** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
5744** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
5745** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
5746** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
5747** be tried also.
5748**
5749** ^The entry point is zProc.
5750** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
5751** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
5752** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
5753** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
5754** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
5755** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
5756** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
5757** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5758** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5759** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5760** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5761** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
5762** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5763**
5764** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
5765** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
5766** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
5767** prior to calling this API,
5768** otherwise an error will be returned.
5769**
5770** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
5771** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
5772** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
5773** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
5774** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5775** access to extension loading capabilities.
5776**
5777** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
5778*/
5779SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
5780  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5781  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5782  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5783  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5784);
5785
5786/*
5787** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
5788** METHOD: sqlite3
5789**
5790** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5791** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
5792** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5793** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5794**
5795** ^Extension loading is off by default.
5796** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5797** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5798** it back off again.
5799**
5800** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
5801** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
5802** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
5803** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
5804**
5805** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
5806** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
5807** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
5808** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5809** access to extension loading capabilities.
5810*/
5811SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5812
5813/*
5814** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
5815**
5816** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
5817** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
5818** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
5819** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
5820**
5821** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
5822** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
5823** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
5824** entry point where as follows:
5825**
5826** <blockquote><pre>
5827** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
5828** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
5829** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
5830** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
5831** &nbsp;  );
5832** </pre></blockquote>)^
5833**
5834** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
5835** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
5836** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
5837** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
5838** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
5839** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5840** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
5841**
5842** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
5843** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
5844** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
5845**
5846** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
5847** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
5848*/
5849SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
5850
5851/*
5852** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
5853**
5854** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
5855** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
5856** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
5857** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
5858** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
5859** routines.
5860*/
5861SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
5862
5863/*
5864** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
5865**
5866** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
5867** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
5868*/
5869SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5870
5871/*
5872** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5873** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5874** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5875**
5876** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5877** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5878*/
5879
5880/*
5881** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5882*/
5883typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5884typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5885typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5886typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5887
5888/*
5889** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
5890** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
5891**
5892** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
5893** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
5894** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
5895**
5896** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
5897** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
5898** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
5899** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
5900** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
5901** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
5902** any database connection.
5903*/
5904struct sqlite3_module {
5905  int iVersion;
5906  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5907               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5908               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5909  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5910               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5911               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5912  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5913  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5914  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5915  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5916  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5917  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5918                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5919  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5920  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5921  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5922  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5923  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
5924  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5925  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5926  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5927  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5928  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
5929                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5930                       void **ppArg);
5931  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5932  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
5933  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
5934  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5935  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5936  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5937};
5938
5939/*
5940** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
5941** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5942**
5943** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
5944** of the [virtual table] interface to
5945** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
5946** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5947** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5948** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5949**
5950** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5951**
5952** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
5953**
5954** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
5955** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
5956** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
5957** ^(The index of the column is stored in
5958** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5959** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5960** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
5961**
5962** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5963** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5964** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5965** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
5966** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
5967**
5968** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5969** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5970**
5971** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
5972** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
5973** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
5974** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
5975** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
5976** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
5977** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
5978** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
5979** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
5980** non-zero.
5981**
5982** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5983** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
5984** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5985** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5986** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5987** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
5988**
5989** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
5990** [xFilter] method.
5991** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
5992** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5993**
5994** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
5995** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5996** sorting step is required.
5997**
5998** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
5999** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6000** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6001** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6002** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6003**
6004** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6005** will be returned by the strategy.
6006**
6007** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6008** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6009** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6010** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6011**
6012** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6013** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6014** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6015** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6016** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6017** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6018** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6019** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6020** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6021**
6022** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6023** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6024** If a virtual table extension is
6025** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6026** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6027** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6028** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6029** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6030** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6031** It may therefore only be used if
6032** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6033** 3009000.
6034*/
6035struct sqlite3_index_info {
6036  /* Inputs */
6037  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6038  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6039     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6040     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6041     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6042     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6043  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6044  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6045  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6046     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6047     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6048  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6049  /* Outputs */
6050  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6051    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6052    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6053  } *aConstraintUsage;
6054  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6055  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6056  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6057  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6058  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6059  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6060  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6061  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6062  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6063  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6064  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6065};
6066
6067/*
6068** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6069*/
6070#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6071
6072/*
6073** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6074**
6075** These macros defined the allowed values for the
6076** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6077** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6078** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6079*/
6080#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ      2
6081#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT      4
6082#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE      8
6083#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT     16
6084#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE     32
6085#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH  64
6086#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE   65
6087#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB   66
6088#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67
6089
6090/*
6091** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6092** METHOD: sqlite3
6093**
6094** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6095** ^Module names must be registered before
6096** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6097** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6098**
6099** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6100** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6101** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6102** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6103** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6104** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6105** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6106**
6107** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6108** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6109** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6110** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6111** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6112** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6113** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6114** destructor.
6115*/
6116SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
6117  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6118  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6119  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6120  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6121);
6122SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6123  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6124  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6125  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6126  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6127  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6128);
6129
6130/*
6131** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6132** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6133**
6134** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6135** of this object to describe a particular instance
6136** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6137** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6138** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6139** common to all module implementations.
6140**
6141** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6142** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6143** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6144** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6145** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6146** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6147*/
6148struct sqlite3_vtab {
6149  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6150  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6151  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6152  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6153};
6154
6155/*
6156** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
6157** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
6158**
6159** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
6160** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
6161** [virtual table] and are used
6162** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
6163** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
6164** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
6165** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
6166** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
6167** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
6168**
6169** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
6170** are common to all implementations.
6171*/
6172struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
6173  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
6174  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6175};
6176
6177/*
6178** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
6179**
6180** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
6181** [virtual table module] call this interface
6182** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
6183** the virtual tables they implement.
6184*/
6185SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
6186
6187/*
6188** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
6189** METHOD: sqlite3
6190**
6191** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
6192** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
6193** But global versions of those functions
6194** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
6195**
6196** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
6197** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
6198** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
6199** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
6200** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
6201** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
6202** by a [virtual table].
6203*/
6204SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
6205
6206/*
6207** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
6208** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
6209** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6210** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6211**
6212** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6213** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6214*/
6215
6216/*
6217** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
6218** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
6219**
6220** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
6221** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
6222** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
6223** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6224** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
6225** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
6226** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
6227*/
6228typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
6229
6230/*
6231** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
6232** METHOD: sqlite3
6233** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6234**
6235** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
6236** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
6237** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
6238**
6239** <pre>
6240**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
6241** </pre>)^
6242**
6243** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
6244** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
6245** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
6246** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
6247** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
6248**
6249** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
6250** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
6251** read-only access.
6252**
6253** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
6254** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
6255** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
6256** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
6257** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
6258**
6259** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
6260** <ul>
6261**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
6262**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
6263**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
6264**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
6265**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
6266**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
6267**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
6268**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
6269**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
6270**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
6271**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
6272**         being opened for read/write access)^.
6273** </ul>
6274**
6275** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
6276** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6277** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6278**
6279** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
6280** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
6281** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
6282** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
6283** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
6284** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
6285**
6286** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
6287** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
6288** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
6289** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
6290** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
6291** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
6292** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6293** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
6294** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
6295** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
6296**
6297** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
6298** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
6299** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
6300** blob.
6301**
6302** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
6303** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
6304** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
6305**
6306** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
6307** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6308**
6309** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
6310** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
6311** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6312*/
6313SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
6314  sqlite3*,
6315  const char *zDb,
6316  const char *zTable,
6317  const char *zColumn,
6318  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
6319  int flags,
6320  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
6321);
6322
6323/*
6324** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
6325** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6326**
6327** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
6328** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
6329** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
6330** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
6331** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
6332** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
6333**
6334** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6335** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6336** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6337** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6338** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6339** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6340** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6341** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6342** always returns zero.
6343**
6344** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6345*/
6346SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6347
6348/*
6349** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6350** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6351**
6352** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6353** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6354** handle is still closed.)^
6355**
6356** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6357** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6358** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6359** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6360** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6361**
6362** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6363** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6364** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6365** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6366** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6367** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6368*/
6369SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6370
6371/*
6372** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6373** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6374**
6375** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6376** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6377** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6378** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6379**
6380** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6381** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6382** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6383** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6384*/
6385SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6386
6387/*
6388** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6389** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6390**
6391** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6392** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6393** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6394**
6395** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6396** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6397** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6398** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6399** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6400**
6401** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6402** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6403**
6404** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6405** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6406**
6407** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6408** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6409** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6410** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6411**
6412** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6413*/
6414SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
6415
6416/*
6417** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
6418** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6419**
6420** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
6421** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
6422** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6423**
6424** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
6425** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6426** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
6427** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6428** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6429**
6430** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
6431** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
6432** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
6433**
6434** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
6435** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
6436** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6437** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
6438** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
6439** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
6440** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
6441**
6442** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6443** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
6444** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6445** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6446** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6447** or by other independent statements.
6448**
6449** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6450** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6451** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6452** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6453**
6454** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6455*/
6456SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6457
6458/*
6459** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6460**
6461** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6462** that SQLite uses to interact
6463** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6464** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6465** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6466** The following interfaces are provided.
6467**
6468** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6469** ^Names are case sensitive.
6470** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6471** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6472** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6473**
6474** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6475** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6476** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6477** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6478** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6479** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6480** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6481** then the behavior is undefined.
6482**
6483** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6484** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6485** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6486*/
6487SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6488SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6489SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6490
6491/*
6492** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6493**
6494** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6495** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6496** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6497** permitted to use any of these routines.
6498**
6499** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6500** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6501** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6502** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6503**
6504** <ul>
6505** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6506** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6507** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6508** </ul>
6509**
6510** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6511** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6512** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6513** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6514** and Windows.
6515**
6516** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6517** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6518** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6519** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6520** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6521** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6522** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6523**
6524** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6525** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6526** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6527** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6528** integer constants:
6529**
6530** <ul>
6531** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6532** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6533** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6534** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6535** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6536** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6537** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6538** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6539** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6540** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6541** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6542** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
6543** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
6544** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
6545** </ul>
6546**
6547** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6548** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6549** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6550** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6551** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6552** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6553** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6554** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6555** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6556** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6557**
6558** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6559** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6560** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6561** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6562** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6563** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6564** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6565** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6566**
6567** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6568** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6569** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6570** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6571** the same type number.
6572**
6573** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6574** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6575** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6576**
6577** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6578** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6579** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6580** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6581** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6582** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6583** In such cases, the
6584** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6585** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6586** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6587**
6588** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6589** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6590** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6591** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6592** behavior.)^
6593**
6594** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6595** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6596** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6597** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6598**
6599** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6600** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6601** behave as no-ops.
6602**
6603** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6604*/
6605SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6606SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6607SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6608SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6609SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6610
6611/*
6612** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6613**
6614** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6615** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6616**
6617** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6618** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6619** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6620** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6621** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6622** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6623** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6624** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6625** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6626**
6627** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6628** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6629** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6630** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6631**
6632** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6633** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6634** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6635** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6636** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6637** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6638**
6639** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6640** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6641** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6642**
6643** <ul>
6644**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6645**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6646**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6647**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6648**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6649**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6650**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6651** </ul>)^
6652**
6653** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6654** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6655** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6656** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6657** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6658** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6659** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6660**
6661** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6662** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6663** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6664** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6665**
6666** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6667** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6668** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6669** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6670**
6671** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6672** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6673** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6674** prior to returning.
6675*/
6676typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6677struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6678  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6679  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6680  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6681  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6682  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6683  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6684  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6685  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6686  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6687};
6688
6689/*
6690** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6691**
6692** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6693** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6694** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6695** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6696** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6697** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6698** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6699** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6700**
6701** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6702** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6703**
6704** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6705** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6706** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6707** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6708**
6709** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6710** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6711** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6712** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6713** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6714** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6715** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6716** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6717*/
6718#ifndef NDEBUG
6719SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6720SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6721#endif
6722
6723/*
6724** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
6725**
6726** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6727** which is one of these integer constants.
6728**
6729** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6730** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6731** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6732*/
6733#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6734#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6735#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6736#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6737#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
6738#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
6739#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
6740#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6741#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
6742#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
6743#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
6744#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
6745#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
6746#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
6747#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
6748#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
6749
6750/*
6751** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
6752** METHOD: sqlite3
6753**
6754** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
6755** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
6756** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
6757** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
6758** routine returns a NULL pointer.
6759*/
6760SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
6761
6762/*
6763** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
6764** METHOD: sqlite3
6765**
6766** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6767** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6768** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
6769** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
6770** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
6771** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
6772** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
6773** main database file.
6774** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6775** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6776** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
6777** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6778**
6779** ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER value for the op parameter causes
6780** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
6781** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
6782** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
6783** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
6784**
6785** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6786** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
6787** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6788** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
6789** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
6790** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6791** xFileControl method.
6792**
6793** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6794*/
6795SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6796
6797/*
6798** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
6799**
6800** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6801** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6802** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6803** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6804**
6805** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6806** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6807** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6808**
6809** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6810** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6811** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6812** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6813*/
6814SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6815
6816/*
6817** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
6818**
6819** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6820** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6821**
6822** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6823** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6824** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6825** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6826*/
6827#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
6828#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6829#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6830#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6831#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6832#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6833#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6834#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
6835#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
6836#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
6837#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
6838#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
6839#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16
6840#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17
6841#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
6842#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
6843#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
6844#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
6845#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
6846#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
6847#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
6848#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
6849#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
6850#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    25
6851
6852/*
6853** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
6854**
6855** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
6856** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6857** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
6858** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
6859** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
6860** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6861** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
6862** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6863** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
6864** value.  For those parameters
6865** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
6866** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6867** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
6868**
6869** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
6870** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
6871**
6872** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
6873** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
6874** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
6875**
6876** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6877*/
6878SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6879SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
6880  int op,
6881  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
6882  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
6883  int resetFlag
6884);
6885
6886
6887/*
6888** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
6889** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
6890**
6891** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6892** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6893**
6894** <dl>
6895** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6896** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6897** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6898** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6899** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6900** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6901** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6902** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6903** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
6904**
6905** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6906** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6907** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6908** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6909** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6910** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6911**
6912** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
6913** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
6914** currently checked out.</dd>)^
6915**
6916** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6917** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6918** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6919** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6920** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
6921**
6922** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
6923** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6924** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6925** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6926** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6927** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6928** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6929** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6930** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
6931**
6932** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6933** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6934** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6935** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6936** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6937**
6938** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6939** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6940** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6941** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6942** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6943** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6944** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>)^
6945**
6946** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6947** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6948** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6949** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6950** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6951** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6952** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6953** slots were available.
6954** </dd>)^
6955**
6956** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6957** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6958** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6959** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6960** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6961**
6962** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6963** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
6964** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
6965** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
6966** </dl>
6967**
6968** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6969*/
6970#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6971#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6972#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6973#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6974#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6975#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6976#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6977#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6978#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6979#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
6980
6981/*
6982** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
6983** METHOD: sqlite3
6984**
6985** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6986** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
6987** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
6988** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
6989** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
6990** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
6991** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
6992** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
6993**
6994** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
6995** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
6996** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6997** reset back down to the current value.
6998**
6999** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
7000** non-zero [error code] on failure.
7001**
7002** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
7003*/
7004SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
7005
7006/*
7007** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
7008** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
7009**
7010** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
7011** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
7012**
7013** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
7014** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
7015** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
7016** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
7017** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
7018**
7019** <dl>
7020** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
7021** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
7022** checked out.</dd>)^
7023**
7024** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
7025** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
7026** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7027** the current value is always zero.)^
7028**
7029** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
7030** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
7031** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
7032** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
7033** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
7034** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7035** the current value is always zero.)^
7036**
7037** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
7038** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
7039** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
7040** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
7041** memory already being in use.
7042** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
7043** the current value is always zero.)^
7044**
7045** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
7046** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7047** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
7048** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
7049**
7050** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
7051** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
7052** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
7053** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
7054** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
7055** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
7056** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
7057** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
7058** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
7059** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
7060** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
7061**
7062** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
7063** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7064** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
7065** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
7066** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
7067** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
7068** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
7069** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
7070**
7071** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
7072** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7073** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
7074** the database connection.)^
7075** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
7076** </dd>
7077**
7078** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
7079** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
7080** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
7081** is always 0.
7082** </dd>
7083**
7084** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
7085** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
7086** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
7087** is always 0.
7088** </dd>
7089**
7090** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
7091** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7092** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
7093** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
7094** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
7095** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
7096** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
7097** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
7098** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
7099** </dd>
7100**
7101** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
7102** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
7103** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
7104** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
7105** </dd>
7106** </dl>
7107*/
7108#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
7109#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
7110#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
7111#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
7112#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
7113#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
7114#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
7115#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
7116#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
7117#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
7118#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
7119#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
7120#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 11   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
7121
7122
7123/*
7124** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
7125** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7126**
7127** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
7128** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
7129** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
7130** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
7131** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
7132** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
7133** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
7134** an index.
7135**
7136** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
7137** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
7138** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
7139** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
7140** to be interrogated.)^
7141** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
7142** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
7143** interface call returns.
7144**
7145** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
7146*/
7147SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
7148
7149/*
7150** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
7151** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
7152**
7153** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
7154** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
7155** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
7156**
7157** <dl>
7158** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
7159** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
7160** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
7161** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
7162** careful use of indices.</dd>
7163**
7164** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
7165** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
7166** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7167** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
7168**
7169** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
7170** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
7171** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
7172** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7173** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
7174** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
7175**
7176** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
7177** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
7178** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
7179** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
7180** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
7181** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
7182** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
7183** </dd>
7184** </dl>
7185*/
7186#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
7187#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
7188#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
7189#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
7190
7191/*
7192** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7193**
7194** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
7195** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
7196** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
7197** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
7198** to the object.
7199**
7200** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7201*/
7202typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
7203
7204/*
7205** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7206**
7207** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
7208** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
7209** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
7210** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
7211**
7212** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7213*/
7214typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
7215struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
7216  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
7217  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
7218};
7219
7220/*
7221** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
7222** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
7223**
7224** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
7225** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
7226** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
7227** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
7228** SQLite is used for the page cache.
7229** By implementing a
7230** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
7231** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
7232** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
7233** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
7234** how long.
7235**
7236** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
7237** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
7238** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
7239**
7240** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
7241** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
7242** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
7243** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
7244**
7245** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
7246** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
7247** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
7248** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
7249** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
7250** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
7251** required by the custom page cache implementation.
7252** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
7253** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
7254** page cache.)^
7255**
7256** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
7257** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7258** It can be used to clean up
7259** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
7260** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
7261**
7262** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
7263** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
7264** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
7265** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
7266** in multithreaded applications.
7267**
7268** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
7269** call to xShutdown().
7270**
7271** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
7272** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
7273** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
7274** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
7275** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
7276** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
7277** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
7278** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
7279** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
7280** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
7281** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
7282** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
7283** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
7284** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
7285** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
7286** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
7287** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
7288** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
7289** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
7290** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
7291** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
7292** never contain any unpinned pages.
7293**
7294** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
7295** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
7296** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
7297** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
7298** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
7299** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
7300** value; it is advisory only.
7301**
7302** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
7303** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
7304** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
7305**
7306** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
7307** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
7308** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
7309** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
7310** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
7311** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
7312** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
7313** for each entry in the page cache.
7314**
7315** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
7316** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
7317** to be "pinned".
7318**
7319** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
7320** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
7321** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
7322** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
7323** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
7324**
7325** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
7326** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
7327** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
7328** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
7329**                 Otherwise return NULL.
7330** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
7331**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
7332** </table>
7333**
7334** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
7335** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
7336** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
7337** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
7338** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
7339**
7340** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
7341** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
7342** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
7343** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
7344** ^If the discard parameter is
7345** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
7346** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
7347** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
7348**
7349** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
7350** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
7351** to xFetch().
7352**
7353** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
7354** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
7355** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
7356** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
7357** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
7358** to be pinned.
7359**
7360** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
7361** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
7362** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
7363** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
7364** they can be safely discarded.
7365**
7366** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
7367** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
7368** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
7369** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
7370** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
7371** functions.
7372**
7373** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
7374** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
7375** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
7376** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
7377** do their best.
7378*/
7379typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
7380struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
7381  int iVersion;
7382  void *pArg;
7383  int (*xInit)(void*);
7384  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7385  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
7386  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7387  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7388  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7389  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
7390  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7391      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7392  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7393  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7394  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7395};
7396
7397/*
7398** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
7399** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
7400** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
7401*/
7402typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
7403struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
7404  void *pArg;
7405  int (*xInit)(void*);
7406  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7407  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
7408  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7409  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7410  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7411  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
7412  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7413  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7414  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7415};
7416
7417
7418/*
7419** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
7420**
7421** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
7422** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
7423** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
7424** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
7425**
7426** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7427*/
7428typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
7429
7430/*
7431** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
7432**
7433** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
7434** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
7435** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
7436**
7437** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7438**
7439** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
7440** for the duration of the backup operation.
7441** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
7442** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
7443** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
7444** preventing other database connections from
7445** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
7446**
7447** ^(To perform a backup operation:
7448**   <ol>
7449**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
7450**         backup,
7451**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
7452**         the data between the two databases, and finally
7453**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
7454**         associated with the backup operation.
7455**   </ol>)^
7456** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
7457** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
7458**
7459** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
7460**
7461** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
7462** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7463** and the database name, respectively.
7464** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7465** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7466** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7467** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7468** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7469** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7470** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7471** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7472** an error.
7473**
7474** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
7475** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7476** destination database.
7477**
7478** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7479** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7480** destination [database connection] D.
7481** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7482** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7483** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7484** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7485** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7486** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7487** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7488** operation.
7489**
7490** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7491**
7492** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7493** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7494** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7495** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7496** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7497** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7498** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7499** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7500** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7501** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7502** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7503** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7504**
7505** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7506** <ol>
7507** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7508** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7509** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7510** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7511** destination and source page sizes differ.
7512** </ol>)^
7513**
7514** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7515** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
7516** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
7517** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
7518** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
7519** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
7520** [database connection]
7521** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
7522** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
7523** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
7524** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
7525** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
7526** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
7527** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
7528** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
7529** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
7530**
7531** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
7532** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
7533** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
7534** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
7535** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
7536** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
7537** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
7538** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
7539** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
7540** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
7541** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
7542** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
7543** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
7544** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
7545** updated at the same time.
7546**
7547** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
7548**
7549** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
7550** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
7551** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7552** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
7553** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
7554** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
7555** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
7556** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
7557** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7558**
7559** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
7560** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
7561** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
7562** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
7563** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
7564** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
7565**
7566** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
7567** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
7568** sqlite3_backup_finish().
7569**
7570** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
7571** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
7572**
7573** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
7574** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
7575** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
7576** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
7577** sqlite3_backup_step().
7578** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
7579** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
7580** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
7581** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7582** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
7583** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
7584**
7585** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
7586**
7587** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
7588** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
7589** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
7590** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
7591** from within other threads.
7592**
7593** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
7594** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
7595** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
7596** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
7597** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
7598** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
7599** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
7600** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
7601**
7602** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
7603** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
7604** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
7605** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
7606** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
7607** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
7608**
7609** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
7610** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
7611** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7612** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
7613** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
7614** possible that they return invalid values.
7615*/
7616SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
7617  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
7618  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
7619  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
7620  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
7621);
7622SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
7623SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
7624SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
7625SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
7626
7627/*
7628** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
7629** METHOD: sqlite3
7630**
7631** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
7632** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
7633** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
7634** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
7635** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
7636** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
7637** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
7638** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
7639**
7640** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
7641**
7642** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
7643** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
7644**
7645** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
7646** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
7647** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
7648** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
7649** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
7650** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
7651** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
7652** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
7653** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
7654** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
7655**
7656** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
7657** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
7658** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
7659** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
7660** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
7661**
7662** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
7663** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
7664** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
7665** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
7666**
7667** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
7668** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
7669** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
7670** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
7671** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
7672** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
7673** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
7674** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
7675**
7676** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
7677** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
7678** crash or deadlock may be the result.
7679**
7680** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
7681** returns SQLITE_OK.
7682**
7683** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
7684**
7685** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
7686** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
7687** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
7688** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
7689** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
7690** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
7691**
7692** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
7693** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
7694** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
7695** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
7696** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
7697** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
7698** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
7699** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
7700**
7701** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
7702**
7703** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
7704** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
7705** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
7706** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
7707** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
7708** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
7709** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
7710**
7711** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
7712** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
7713** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
7714** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
7715** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
7716** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
7717** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
7718** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
7719** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
7720** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
7721** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
7722** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
7723**
7724** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
7725**
7726** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
7727** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
7728** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
7729** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
7730** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
7731** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
7732** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
7733** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
7734** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
7735**
7736** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
7737** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
7738** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
7739** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
7740** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
7741*/
7742SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
7743  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
7744  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
7745  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
7746);
7747
7748
7749/*
7750** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
7751**
7752** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
7753** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
7754** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
7755** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
7756*/
7757SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
7758SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
7759
7760/*
7761** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
7762*
7763** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
7764** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
7765** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
7766** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
7767** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
7768** is case sensitive.
7769**
7770** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7771** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7772**
7773** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
7774*/
7775SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
7776
7777/*
7778** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
7779*
7780** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
7781** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
7782** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
7783** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
7784** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
7785** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
7786** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
7787** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
7788** one another.
7789**
7790** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
7791** only ASCII characters are case folded.
7792**
7793** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7794** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7795**
7796** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
7797*/
7798SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
7799
7800/*
7801** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
7802**
7803** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
7804** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
7805** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
7806** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
7807**
7808** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
7809** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
7810** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
7811** is considered bad form.
7812**
7813** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
7814**
7815** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
7816** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
7817** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
7818** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
7819** buffer.
7820*/
7821SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
7822
7823/*
7824** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
7825** METHOD: sqlite3
7826**
7827** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
7828** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
7829**
7830** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
7831** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
7832** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
7833**
7834** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
7835** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
7836** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
7837** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
7838** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
7839** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
7840** including those that were just committed.
7841**
7842** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
7843** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
7844** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
7845** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
7846** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
7847** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
7848** are undefined.
7849**
7850** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
7851** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
7852** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
7853** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
7854** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
7855** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
7856*/
7857SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
7858  sqlite3*,
7859  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
7860  void*
7861);
7862
7863/*
7864** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
7865** METHOD: sqlite3
7866**
7867** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
7868** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
7869** to automatically [checkpoint]
7870** after committing a transaction if there are N or
7871** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
7872** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
7873** checkpoints entirely.
7874**
7875** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
7876** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
7877** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
7878** configured by this function.
7879**
7880** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
7881** from SQL.
7882**
7883** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
7884** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
7885**
7886** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
7887** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
7888** pages.  The use of this interface
7889** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
7890** for a particular application.
7891*/
7892SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
7893
7894/*
7895** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7896** METHOD: sqlite3
7897**
7898** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
7899** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
7900**
7901** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
7902** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
7903** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
7904** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
7905** information.
7906**
7907** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
7908** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
7909** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
7910** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
7911** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
7912** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
7913*/
7914SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
7915
7916/*
7917** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7918** METHOD: sqlite3
7919**
7920** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
7921** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
7922** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
7923** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
7924**
7925** <dl>
7926** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
7927**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
7928**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
7929**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
7930**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
7931**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
7932**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
7933**
7934** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
7935**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
7936**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
7937**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
7938**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
7939**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
7940**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
7941**
7942** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
7943**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
7944**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
7945**   [busy-handler callback])
7946**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
7947**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
7948**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
7949**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
7950**
7951** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
7952**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
7953**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
7954**   to a successful return.
7955** </dl>
7956**
7957** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
7958** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
7959** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
7960** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
7961** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
7962** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
7963** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
7964** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
7965** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
7966**
7967** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
7968** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
7969** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
7970** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
7971**
7972** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
7973** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
7974** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
7975** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
7976** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
7977** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
7978** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
7979** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
7980** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
7981** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
7982**
7983** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
7984** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
7985** [database connection] db.  In this case the
7986** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
7987** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
7988** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
7989** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
7990** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
7991** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
7992** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
7993** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
7994**
7995** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
7996** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
7997** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
7998** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
7999**
8000** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
8001** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
8002** sets the error information that is queried by
8003** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
8004**
8005** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
8006** from SQL.
8007*/
8008SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
8009  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
8010  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
8011  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
8012  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
8013  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
8014);
8015
8016/*
8017** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
8018** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
8019**
8020** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
8021** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
8022** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
8023** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
8024*/
8025#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
8026#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
8027#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
8028#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
8029
8030/*
8031** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
8032**
8033** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
8034** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
8035** various facets of the virtual table interface.
8036**
8037** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
8038** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
8039**
8040** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
8041** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
8042** may be added in the future.
8043*/
8044SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
8045
8046/*
8047** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
8048**
8049** These macros define the various options to the
8050** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
8051** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
8052**
8053** <dl>
8054** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
8055** <dd>Calls of the form
8056** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
8057** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
8058** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
8059** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
8060** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
8061** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
8062** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
8063** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
8064**
8065** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
8066** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
8067** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
8068** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
8069** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
8070** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
8071** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
8072** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
8073** had been ABORT.
8074**
8075** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
8076** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
8077** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
8078** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
8079** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
8080** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
8081** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
8082** constraint handling.
8083** </dl>
8084*/
8085#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
8086
8087/*
8088** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
8089**
8090** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
8091** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
8092** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
8093** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8094** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
8095** [virtual table].
8096*/
8097SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
8098
8099/*
8100** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
8101** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
8102**
8103** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
8104** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8105** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
8106**
8107** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
8108** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
8109** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
8110*/
8111#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
8112/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
8113#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
8114/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
8115#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
8116
8117/*
8118** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
8119** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
8120**
8121** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
8122** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
8123** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
8124**
8125** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
8126** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
8127** S is finalized.
8128**
8129** <dl>
8130** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
8131** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
8132** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
8133**
8134** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
8135** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8136** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
8137**
8138** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
8139** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8140** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
8141** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
8142** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
8143** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
8144** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
8145**
8146** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
8147** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8148** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
8149** used for the X-th loop.
8150**
8151** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
8152** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8153** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
8154** description for the X-th loop.
8155**
8156** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
8157** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8158** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
8159** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
8160** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
8161** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
8162** </dl>
8163*/
8164#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
8165#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
8166#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
8167#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
8168#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
8169#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
8170
8171/*
8172** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
8173** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8174**
8175** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
8176** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
8177** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
8178** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
8179**
8180** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
8181** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
8182** compile-time option.
8183**
8184** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
8185** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
8186** of this interface is undefined.
8187** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
8188** the "pOut" parameter.
8189** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
8190** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
8191** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
8192** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
8193** points to is unchanged.
8194**
8195** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
8196** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
8197** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
8198** that pOut points to unchanged.
8199**
8200** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
8201*/
8202SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
8203  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
8204  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
8205  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
8206  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
8207);
8208
8209/*
8210** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
8211** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8212**
8213** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
8214**
8215** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
8216** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
8217*/
8218SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
8219
8220/*
8221** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
8222**
8223** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
8224** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
8225** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
8226** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
8227** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
8228** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
8229** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
8230** any [attached] databases.
8231**
8232** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
8233** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
8234** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
8235** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
8236** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
8237** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
8238** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
8239** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
8240**
8241** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
8242** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
8243** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
8244**
8245** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
8246**
8247** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
8248** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
8249*/
8250SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
8251
8252/*
8253** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
8254**
8255** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
8256** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
8257**
8258** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
8259** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
8260** on a database table.
8261** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
8262** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
8263** the previous setting.
8264** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
8265** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
8266** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
8267** the first parameter to callbacks.
8268**
8269** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
8270** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
8271** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1.
8272**
8273** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
8274** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
8275** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
8276** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
8277** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
8278** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8279** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
8280** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
8281** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
8282** databases.)^
8283** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8284** table that is being modified.
8285**
8286** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
8287** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
8288** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
8289** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
8290** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
8291** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
8292** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
8293** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
8294** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
8295**
8296** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
8297** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
8298** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
8299** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
8300** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
8301** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
8302** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
8303** behavior.
8304**
8305** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
8306** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
8307**
8308** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8309** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8310** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8311** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8312** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
8313** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
8314** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8315** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8316**
8317** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8318** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8319** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8320** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8321** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
8322** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
8323** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8324** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8325**
8326** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
8327** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
8328** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
8329** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
8330** triggers; and so forth.
8331**
8332** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
8333*/
8334#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
8335SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
8336  sqlite3 *db,
8337  void(*xPreUpdate)(
8338    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
8339    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
8340    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
8341    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
8342    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
8343    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
8344    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
8345  ),
8346  void*
8347);
8348SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8349SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
8350SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
8351SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8352#endif
8353
8354/*
8355** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
8356**
8357** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
8358** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
8359** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
8360** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
8361** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
8362** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
8363*/
8364SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
8365
8366/*
8367** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
8368** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
8369** EXPERIMENTAL
8370**
8371** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
8372** database for some specific point in history.
8373**
8374** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
8375** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
8376** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
8377** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
8378** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
8379** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
8380** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
8381**
8382** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
8383** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
8384** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
8385** the most recent version.
8386**
8387** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()].  The
8388** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer
8389** to an historical snapshot (if possible).  The destructor for
8390** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()].
8391*/
8392typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
8393  unsigned char hidden[48];
8394} sqlite3_snapshot;
8395
8396/*
8397** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
8398** EXPERIMENTAL
8399**
8400** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
8401** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
8402** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
8403** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
8404** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
8405** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
8406** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
8407**
8408** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
8409** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
8410** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
8411** in this case.
8412**
8413** <ul>
8414**   <li> The database handle must be in [autocommit mode].
8415**
8416**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
8417**
8418**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
8419**        connection D.
8420**
8421**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
8422**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
8423**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
8424**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
8425**        must be written to it first.
8426** </ul>
8427**
8428** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
8429** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
8430** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
8431**
8432** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
8433** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
8434** to avoid a memory leak.
8435**
8436** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
8437** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8438*/
8439SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
8440  sqlite3 *db,
8441  const char *zSchema,
8442  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
8443);
8444
8445/*
8446** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
8447** EXPERIMENTAL
8448**
8449** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface starts a
8450** read transaction for schema S of
8451** [database connection] D such that the read transaction
8452** refers to historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most
8453** recent change to the database.
8454** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success
8455** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
8456**
8457** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be
8458** the first operation following the [BEGIN] that takes the schema S
8459** out of [autocommit mode].
8460** ^In other words, schema S must not currently be in
8461** a transaction for [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] to work, but the
8462** database connection D must be out of [autocommit mode].
8463** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a
8464** [checkpoint].
8465** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
8466** database connection D does not know that the database file for
8467** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
8468** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
8469** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
8470** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
8471** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
8472** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
8473**
8474** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
8475** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8476*/
8477SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
8478  sqlite3 *db,
8479  const char *zSchema,
8480  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
8481);
8482
8483/*
8484** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
8485** EXPERIMENTAL
8486**
8487** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
8488** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
8489** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
8490**
8491** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
8492** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8493*/
8494SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
8495
8496/*
8497** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
8498** EXPERIMENTAL
8499**
8500** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
8501** of two valid snapshot handles.
8502**
8503** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
8504** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
8505**
8506** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
8507** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
8508** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
8509** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
8510** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
8511** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
8512** is undefined.
8513**
8514** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
8515** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
8516** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
8517*/
8518SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
8519  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
8520  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
8521);
8522
8523/*
8524** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
8525** EXPERIMENTAL
8526**
8527** If all connections disconnect from a database file but do not perform
8528** a checkpoint, the existing wal file is opened along with the database
8529** file the next time the database is opened. At this point it is only
8530** possible to successfully call sqlite3_snapshot_open() to open the most
8531** recent snapshot of the database (the one at the head of the wal file),
8532** even though the wal file may contain other valid snapshots for which
8533** clients have sqlite3_snapshot handles.
8534**
8535** This function attempts to scan the wal file associated with database zDb
8536** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
8537** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
8538** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a wal mode
8539** database.
8540**
8541** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
8542*/
8543SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8544
8545/*
8546** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
8547** builds on processors without floating point support.
8548*/
8549#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
8550# undef double
8551#endif
8552
8553#ifdef __cplusplus
8554}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
8555#endif
8556#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
8557
8558/******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
8559/*
8560** 2010 August 30
8561**
8562** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
8563** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
8564**
8565**    May you do good and not evil.
8566**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
8567**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
8568**
8569*************************************************************************
8570*/
8571
8572#ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
8573#define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
8574
8575
8576#ifdef __cplusplus
8577extern "C" {
8578#endif
8579
8580typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
8581typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
8582
8583/* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
8584** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
8585*/
8586#ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
8587  typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
8588#else
8589  typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
8590#endif
8591
8592/*
8593** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
8594** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
8595**
8596**   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
8597*/
8598SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
8599  sqlite3 *db,
8600  const char *zGeom,
8601  int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
8602  void *pContext
8603);
8604
8605
8606/*
8607** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
8608** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
8609*/
8610struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
8611  void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
8612  int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
8613  sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
8614  void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
8615  void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
8616};
8617
8618/*
8619** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
8620** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
8621**
8622**   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
8623*/
8624SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
8625  sqlite3 *db,
8626  const char *zQueryFunc,
8627  int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
8628  void *pContext,
8629  void (*xDestructor)(void*)
8630);
8631
8632
8633/*
8634** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
8635** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
8636** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
8637**
8638** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
8639** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
8640** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
8641*/
8642struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
8643  void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
8644  int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
8645  sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
8646  void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
8647  void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
8648  sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
8649  unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
8650  int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
8651  int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
8652  int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
8653  sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
8654  sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
8655  int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
8656  int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visiblity */
8657  sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
8658  /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
8659  sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
8660};
8661
8662/*
8663** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
8664*/
8665#define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
8666#define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
8667#define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
8668
8669
8670#ifdef __cplusplus
8671}  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
8672#endif
8673
8674#endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
8675
8676/******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
8677/******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
8678
8679#if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
8680#define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
8681
8682/*
8683** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
8684*/
8685#ifdef __cplusplus
8686extern "C" {
8687#endif
8688
8689
8690/*
8691** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
8692*/
8693typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
8694
8695/*
8696** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
8697*/
8698typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
8699
8700/*
8701** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
8702**
8703** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
8704** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
8705** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
8706** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
8707**
8708** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
8709** database handle.
8710**
8711** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
8712** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
8713** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
8714** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
8715** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
8716** are undefined.
8717**
8718** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
8719** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
8720** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
8721** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
8722** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
8723** either of these things are undefined.
8724**
8725** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
8726** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
8727** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
8728** to the database when the session object is created.
8729*/
8730SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
8731  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
8732  const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
8733  sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
8734);
8735
8736/*
8737** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
8738**
8739** Delete a session object previously allocated using
8740** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
8741** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
8742** function are undefined.
8743**
8744** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
8745** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
8746** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
8747*/
8748SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
8749
8750
8751/*
8752** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
8753**
8754** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
8755** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
8756** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
8757** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
8758** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
8759** the eventual changesets.
8760**
8761** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
8762** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
8763** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
8764**
8765** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
8766** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
8767*/
8768SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
8769
8770/*
8771** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
8772**
8773** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
8774** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
8775**
8776** <ul>
8777**   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
8778**        made, or
8779**   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
8780**        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
8781** </ul>
8782**
8783** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
8784** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
8785** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
8786**
8787** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
8788** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
8789** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
8790** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
8791** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
8792** indirect flag for the specified session object.
8793**
8794** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
8795** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
8796*/
8797SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
8798
8799/*
8800** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
8801**
8802** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
8803** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
8804** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
8805** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
8806**
8807** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
8808** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
8809** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
8810** the new tables are also recorded.
8811**
8812** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
8813** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
8814** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
8815** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
8816**
8817** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
8818** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
8819** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
8820**
8821** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
8822** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
8823**
8824** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
8825** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
8826*/
8827SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
8828  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8829  const char *zTab                /* Table name */
8830);
8831
8832/*
8833** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
8834**
8835** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
8836** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
8837** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
8838** If xFilter returns 0, changes is not tracked. Note that once a table is
8839** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
8840*/
8841SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
8842  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8843  int(*xFilter)(
8844    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
8845    const char *zTab              /* Table name */
8846  ),
8847  void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
8848);
8849
8850/*
8851** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
8852**
8853** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
8854** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
8855** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
8856** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
8857** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
8858** zero and return an SQLite error code.
8859**
8860** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
8861** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
8862** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
8863** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
8864** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
8865** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
8866** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
8867** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
8868** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
8869**
8870** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
8871** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
8872** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
8873** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
8874** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
8875** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
8876** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
8877** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
8878** DELETE change only.
8879**
8880** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
8881** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
8882** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
8883** API.
8884**
8885** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
8886** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
8887** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
8888** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
8889** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
8890** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
8891** a single table are stored is undefined.
8892**
8893** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
8894** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
8895** [sqlite3_free()].
8896**
8897** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
8898**
8899** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
8900** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
8901** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
8902** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
8903** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
8904** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
8905**
8906** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
8907** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
8908** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
8909**
8910** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
8911** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
8912** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
8913** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
8914** or updates a record).
8915**
8916** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
8917** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
8918** file. Specifically:
8919**
8920** <ul>
8921**   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
8922**        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
8923**        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
8924**        is added to the changeset.
8925**
8926**   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
8927**        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
8928**        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
8929**        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
8930**        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
8931**        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
8932**        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
8933**        values, no change is added to the changeset.
8934** </ul>
8935**
8936** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
8937** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
8938** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
8939** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
8940** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
8941** a DELETE and an INSERT.
8942**
8943** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
8944** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
8945** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
8946** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
8947** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
8948** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
8949** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
8950** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is disabled, and
8951** another field of the same row is updated while the session is enabled, the
8952** resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both fields.
8953*/
8954SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
8955  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8956  int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
8957  void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
8958);
8959
8960/*
8961** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
8962**
8963** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
8964** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
8965** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
8966** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
8967** an error).
8968**
8969** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
8970** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
8971** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
8972** A table is considered compatible if it:
8973**
8974** <ul>
8975**   <li> Has the same name,
8976**   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
8977**   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
8978** </ul>
8979**
8980** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
8981** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
8982** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
8983** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
8984**
8985** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
8986** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
8987** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
8988** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
8989**
8990** <ul>
8991**   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
8992**     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
8993**
8994**   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
8995**     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
8996**
8997**   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
8998**     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
8999**     session.
9000** </ul>
9001**
9002** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
9003** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
9004** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
9005** identical.
9006**
9007** It an error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the
9008** required compatible table.
9009**
9010** If the operation successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
9011** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
9012** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
9013** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
9014** sqlite3_free().
9015*/
9016SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
9017  sqlite3_session *pSession,
9018  const char *zFromDb,
9019  const char *zTbl,
9020  char **pzErrMsg
9021);
9022
9023
9024/*
9025** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
9026**
9027** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
9028**
9029** <ul>
9030**   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
9031**        original values of other fields are omitted.
9032**   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
9033**        UPDATE records.
9034** </ul>
9035**
9036** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
9037** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
9038** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
9039** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
9040** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
9041**
9042** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
9043** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
9044** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
9045** in the same way as for changesets.
9046**
9047** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
9048** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
9049** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
9050** they were attached to the session object).
9051*/
9052SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
9053  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
9054  int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
9055  void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
9056);
9057
9058/*
9059** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
9060**
9061** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
9062** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
9063** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
9064**
9065** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
9066** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
9067** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
9068** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
9069** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
9070** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
9071** changeset containing zero changes.
9072*/
9073SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
9074
9075/*
9076** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
9077**
9078** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
9079** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
9080** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
9081** SQLite error code is returned.
9082**
9083** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
9084** iterator created by this function:
9085**
9086** <ul>
9087**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
9088**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
9089**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
9090**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
9091** </ul>
9092**
9093** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
9094** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
9095** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
9096** destroyed.
9097**
9098** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
9099** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
9100** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
9101** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
9102** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
9103** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
9104** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
9105** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
9106** another change for table X.
9107*/
9108SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
9109  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
9110  int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
9111  void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
9112);
9113
9114
9115/*
9116** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
9117**
9118** This function may only be used with iterators created by function
9119** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
9120** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
9121** is returned and the call has no effect.
9122**
9123** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
9124** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
9125** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
9126** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
9127** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
9128** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
9129** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
9130** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
9131** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
9132**
9133** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
9134** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
9135** SQLITE_NOMEM.
9136*/
9137SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
9138
9139/*
9140** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
9141**
9142** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9143** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9144** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9145** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
9146** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
9147**
9148** If argument pzTab is not NULL, then *pzTab is set to point to a
9149** nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing the name of the table
9150** affected by the current change. The buffer remains valid until either
9151** sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator or until the
9152** conflict-handler function returns. If pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is
9153** set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change. If
9154** pbIncorrect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
9155** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
9156** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
9157** changes. Finally, if pOp is not NULL, then *pOp is set to one of
9158** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the
9159** type of change that the iterator currently points to.
9160**
9161** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
9162** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
9163** be trusted in this case.
9164*/
9165SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
9166  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
9167  const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
9168  int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
9169  int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
9170  int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
9171);
9172
9173/*
9174** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
9175**
9176** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
9177**
9178** <ul>
9179**   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
9180**   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
9181** </ul>
9182**
9183** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
9184** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
9185** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
9186** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
9187** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
9188** 0x00 if it is not.
9189**
9190** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
9191** in the table.
9192**
9193** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
9194** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
9195** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
9196** above.
9197*/
9198SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
9199  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
9200  unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
9201  int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
9202);
9203
9204/*
9205** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
9206**
9207** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9208** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9209** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9210** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
9211** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
9212** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
9213** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
9214**
9215** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9216** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9217** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9218**
9219** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9220** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
9221** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
9222** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
9223** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
9224**
9225** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9226** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9227*/
9228SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
9229  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9230  int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9231  sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
9232);
9233
9234/*
9235** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
9236**
9237** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9238** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9239** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9240** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
9241** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
9242** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
9243** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
9244**
9245** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9246** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9247** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9248**
9249** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9250** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
9251** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
9252** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
9253** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
9254** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
9255** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
9256** triggers.
9257**
9258** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9259** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9260*/
9261SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
9262  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9263  int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9264  sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
9265);
9266
9267/*
9268** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
9269**
9270** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
9271** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
9272** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
9273** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
9274** is set to NULL.
9275**
9276** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9277** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9278** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9279**
9280** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9281** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
9282** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
9283** and returns SQLITE_OK.
9284**
9285** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9286** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9287*/
9288SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
9289  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9290  int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9291  sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
9292);
9293
9294/*
9295** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
9296**
9297** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
9298** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
9299** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
9300** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
9301**
9302** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
9303*/
9304SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
9305  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9306  int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
9307);
9308
9309
9310/*
9311** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
9312**
9313** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
9314** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
9315**
9316** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
9317** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
9318** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
9319** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
9320** call has no effect.
9321**
9322** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
9323** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
9324** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
9325** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
9326** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
9327**
9328**   sqlite3changeset_start();
9329**   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
9330**     // Do something with change.
9331**   }
9332**   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
9333**   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
9334**     // An error has occurred
9335**   }
9336*/
9337SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
9338
9339/*
9340** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
9341**
9342** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
9343** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
9344** changeset. Specifically:
9345**
9346** <ul>
9347**   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
9348**   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
9349**   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
9350** </ul>
9351**
9352** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
9353** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
9354**
9355** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
9356** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
9357** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
9358** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
9359**
9360** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
9361** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
9362** call to this function.
9363**
9364** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
9365** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
9366*/
9367SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
9368  int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
9369  int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
9370);
9371
9372/*
9373** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
9374**
9375** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
9376** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
9377** changeset A followed by changeset B.
9378**
9379** This function combines the two input changesets using an
9380** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
9381** following code fragment:
9382**
9383**   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
9384**   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
9385**   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
9386**   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
9387**   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
9388**     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
9389**   }else{
9390**     *ppOut = 0;
9391**     *pnOut = 0;
9392**   }
9393**
9394** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
9395*/
9396SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
9397  int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
9398  void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
9399  int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
9400  void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
9401  int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
9402  void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
9403);
9404
9405
9406/*
9407** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
9408*/
9409typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
9410
9411/*
9412** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
9413**
9414** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
9415** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
9416** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
9417** always in the same format as the input.
9418**
9419** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
9420** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
9421** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
9422** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
9423** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
9424**
9425** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
9426**
9427** <ul>
9428**   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
9429**
9430**   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
9431**        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
9432**
9433**   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
9434**        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
9435**
9436**   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
9437** </ul>
9438**
9439** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
9440** new() and delete(), and in any order.
9441**
9442** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
9443** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
9444** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
9445*/
9446SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
9447
9448/*
9449** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
9450**
9451** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
9452** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
9453**
9454** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
9455** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
9456** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
9457** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
9458** to the changegroup.
9459**
9460** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
9461** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
9462** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
9463** the two rows have the same primary key.
9464**
9465** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
9466** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
9467** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
9468** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
9469**
9470** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
9471**   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
9472**       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
9473**       <th>Output Change
9474**   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
9475**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9476**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9477**       added to the changegroup.
9478**   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
9479**       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
9480**       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
9481**       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
9482**   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
9483**       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
9484**       not added.
9485**   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
9486**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9487**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9488**       added to the changegroup.
9489**   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
9490**       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
9491**       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
9492**       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
9493**   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
9494**       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
9495**       changegroup.
9496**   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
9497**       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
9498**       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
9499**       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
9500**       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
9501**       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
9502**   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
9503**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9504**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9505**       added to the changegroup.
9506**   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
9507**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9508**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9509**       added to the changegroup.
9510** </table>
9511**
9512** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
9513** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
9514** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
9515** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
9516** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
9517** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
9518** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the
9519** final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
9520**
9521** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9522*/
9523SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
9524
9525/*
9526** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
9527**
9528** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
9529** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
9530** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
9531** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
9532**
9533** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
9534** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
9535** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
9536** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
9537** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
9538** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
9539** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
9540** which they are first encountered.
9541**
9542** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
9543** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
9544** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
9545** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
9546** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
9547** call to sqlite3_free().
9548*/
9549SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output(
9550  sqlite3_changegroup*,
9551  int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
9552  void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
9553);
9554
9555/*
9556** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
9557*/
9558SQLITE_API void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
9559
9560/*
9561** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
9562**
9563** Apply a changeset to a database. This function attempts to update the
9564** "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in the
9565** changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
9566**
9567** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to this function is the "filter
9568** callback". If it is not NULL, then for each table affected by at least one
9569** change in the changeset, the filter callback is invoked with
9570** the table name as the second argument, and a copy of the context pointer
9571** passed as the sixth argument to this function as the first. If the "filter
9572** callback" returns zero, then no attempt is made to apply any changes to
9573** the table. Otherwise, if the return value is non-zero or the xFilter
9574** argument to this function is NULL, all changes related to the table are
9575** attempted.
9576**
9577** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
9578** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
9579** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
9580**
9581** <ul>
9582**   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
9583**        changeset, and
9584**   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
9585**        changeset, and
9586**   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
9587**        recorded in the changeset.
9588** </ul>
9589**
9590** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
9591** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
9592** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
9593** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
9594**
9595** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
9596** to modify the table contents according to the UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
9597** change. If a change cannot be applied cleanly, the conflict handler
9598** function passed as the fifth argument to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be
9599** invoked. A description of exactly when the conflict handler is invoked for
9600** each type of change is below.
9601**
9602** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
9603** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
9604** argument are undefined.
9605**
9606** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
9607** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
9608** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
9609** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
9610** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
9611** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
9612** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
9613** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
9614** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
9615** the documentation for the three
9616** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
9617**
9618** <dl>
9619** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
9620**   For each DELETE change, this function checks if the target database
9621**   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
9622**   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
9623**   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
9624**   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
9625**
9626**   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
9627**   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
9628**   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
9629**   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
9630**   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
9631**   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
9632**   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
9633**   are ignored.
9634**
9635**   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
9636**   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
9637**   passed as the second argument.
9638**
9639**   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
9640**   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
9641**   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
9642**   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
9643**   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
9644**   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9645**
9646** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
9647**   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
9648**   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
9649**   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
9650**   values.
9651**
9652**   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
9653**   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
9654**   function is invoked with the second argument set to
9655**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
9656**
9657**   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
9658**   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
9659**   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
9660**   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
9661**   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
9662**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9663**
9664** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
9665**   For each UPDATE change, this function checks if the target database
9666**   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
9667**   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
9668**   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
9669**   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
9670**
9671**   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
9672**   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
9673**   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
9674**   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
9675**   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
9676**   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
9677**   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
9678**
9679**   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
9680**   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
9681**   passed as the second argument.
9682**
9683**   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
9684**   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
9685**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
9686**   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
9687**   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
9688**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9689** </dl>
9690**
9691** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
9692** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
9693** This can be used to further customize the applications conflict
9694** resolution strategy.
9695**
9696** All changes made by this function are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
9697** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
9698** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
9699** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
9700** SQLite error code returned.
9701*/
9702SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
9703  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
9704  int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
9705  void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
9706  int(*xFilter)(
9707    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9708    const char *zTab              /* Table name */
9709  ),
9710  int(*xConflict)(
9711    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9712    int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
9713    sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
9714  ),
9715  void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
9716);
9717
9718/*
9719** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
9720**
9721** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
9722**
9723** <dl>
9724** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
9725**   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
9726**   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
9727**   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
9728**   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
9729**   expected "before" values.
9730**
9731**   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
9732**   primary key.
9733**
9734** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
9735**   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
9736**   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
9737**   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
9738**
9739**   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
9740**   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
9741**
9742** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
9743**   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
9744**   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
9745**   in duplicate primary key values.
9746**
9747**   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
9748**   primary key.
9749**
9750** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
9751**   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
9752**   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
9753**   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
9754**   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
9755**   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
9756**   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
9757**   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
9758**
9759**   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
9760**   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
9761**   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
9762**
9763** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
9764**   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
9765**   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
9766**   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
9767**
9768**   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
9769**   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
9770**
9771** </dl>
9772*/
9773#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
9774#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
9775#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
9776#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
9777#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
9778
9779/*
9780** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
9781**
9782** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
9783**
9784** <dl>
9785** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
9786**   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
9787**   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
9788**   continues to the next change in the changeset.
9789**
9790** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
9791**   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
9792**   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
9793**   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
9794**   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
9795**
9796**   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
9797**   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
9798**   on the type of change.
9799**
9800**   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
9801**   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
9802**   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
9803**   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
9804**
9805** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
9806**   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
9807**   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
9808** </dl>
9809*/
9810#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
9811#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
9812#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
9813
9814/*
9815** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
9816**
9817** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
9818** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
9819**
9820** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
9821**   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
9822**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
9823**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
9824**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
9825**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
9826**   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_str<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
9827**   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_str<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
9828** </table>
9829**
9830** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
9831** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
9832** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
9833** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
9834** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
9835** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
9836** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
9837**
9838** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
9839** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
9840** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
9841** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
9842**
9843**  <pre>
9844**  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
9845**  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
9846**  </pre>
9847**
9848** Is replaced by:
9849**
9850**  <pre>
9851**  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9852**  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
9853**  </pre>
9854**
9855** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
9856** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
9857** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
9858** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
9859** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
9860** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
9861** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
9862** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
9863** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
9864** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
9865**
9866** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
9867** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
9868** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
9869** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
9870** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
9871**
9872** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
9873** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
9874** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
9875** as:
9876**
9877**  <pre>
9878**  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
9879**  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
9880**  </pre>
9881**
9882** Is replaced by:
9883**
9884**  <pre>
9885**  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9886**  &nbsp;     void *pOut
9887**  </pre>
9888**
9889** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
9890** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
9891** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
9892** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
9893** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
9894** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
9895** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
9896** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
9897** of the xOutput error code to the application.
9898**
9899** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
9900** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
9901** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
9902*/
9903SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
9904  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
9905  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
9906  void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
9907  int(*xFilter)(
9908    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9909    const char *zTab              /* Table name */
9910  ),
9911  int(*xConflict)(
9912    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9913    int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
9914    sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
9915  ),
9916  void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
9917);
9918SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
9919  int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9920  void *pInA,
9921  int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9922  void *pInB,
9923  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9924  void *pOut
9925);
9926SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
9927  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9928  void *pIn,
9929  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9930  void *pOut
9931);
9932SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
9933  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
9934  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9935  void *pIn
9936);
9937SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
9938  sqlite3_session *pSession,
9939  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9940  void *pOut
9941);
9942SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
9943  sqlite3_session *pSession,
9944  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9945  void *pOut
9946);
9947SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
9948    int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9949    void *pIn
9950);
9951SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
9952    int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9953    void *pOut
9954);
9955
9956
9957/*
9958** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
9959*/
9960#ifdef __cplusplus
9961}
9962#endif
9963
9964#endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
9965
9966/******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
9967/******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
9968/*
9969** 2014 May 31
9970**
9971** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
9972** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
9973**
9974**    May you do good and not evil.
9975**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9976**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
9977**
9978******************************************************************************
9979**
9980** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
9981** FTS5 may be extended with:
9982**
9983**     * custom tokenizers, and
9984**     * custom auxiliary functions.
9985*/
9986
9987
9988#ifndef _FTS5_H
9989#define _FTS5_H
9990
9991
9992#ifdef __cplusplus
9993extern "C" {
9994#endif
9995
9996/*************************************************************************
9997** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
9998**
9999** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
10000** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
10001*/
10002
10003typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
10004typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
10005typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
10006
10007typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
10008  const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
10009  Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
10010  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
10011  int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
10012  sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
10013);
10014
10015struct Fts5PhraseIter {
10016  const unsigned char *a;
10017  const unsigned char *b;
10018};
10019
10020/*
10021** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
10022**
10023** xUserData(pFts):
10024**   Return a copy of the context pointer the extension function was
10025**   registered with.
10026**
10027** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
10028**   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
10029**   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
10030**   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
10031**   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
10032**   the FTS5 table.
10033**
10034**   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
10035**   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
10036**   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
10037**   returned.
10038**
10039** xColumnCount(pFts):
10040**   Return the number of columns in the table.
10041**
10042** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
10043**   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
10044**   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
10045**   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
10046**   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
10047**
10048**   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
10049**   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
10050**   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
10051**   returned.
10052**
10053**   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
10054**   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
10055**
10056** xColumnText:
10057**   This function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of the
10058**   current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
10059**   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
10060**   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
10061**   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
10062**   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
10063**
10064** xPhraseCount:
10065**   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
10066**
10067** xPhraseSize:
10068**   Returns the number of tokens in phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases
10069**   are numbered starting from zero.
10070**
10071** xInstCount:
10072**   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
10073**   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
10074**   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
10075**
10076**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10077**   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
10078**   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
10079**   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
10080**
10081** xInst:
10082**   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
10083**   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
10084**   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
10085**   output by xInstCount().
10086**
10087**   Usually, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
10088**   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
10089**   first token of the phrase. The exception is if the table was created
10090**   with the offsets=0 option specified. In this case *piOff is always
10091**   set to -1.
10092**
10093**   Returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM)
10094**   if an error occurs.
10095**
10096**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10097**   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
10098**
10099** xRowid:
10100**   Returns the rowid of the current row.
10101**
10102** xTokenize:
10103**   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
10104**
10105** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
10106**   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
10107**   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
10108**
10109**       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
10110**
10111**   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
10112**   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
10113**   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
10114**   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
10115**   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
10116**   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
10117**   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
10118**   the third argument to pUserData.
10119**
10120**   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
10121**   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
10122**   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
10123**   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
10124**
10125**   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10126**   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
10127**   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
10128**
10129**
10130** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
10131**
10132**   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension functions
10133**   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
10134**   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
10135**   of the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
10136**
10137**   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
10138**   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
10139**   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
10140**   single auxiliary data context.
10141**
10142**   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
10143**   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
10144**   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
10145**   point.
10146**
10147**   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
10148**   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
10149**
10150**   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function, an
10151**   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
10152**   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
10153**   pointer before returning.
10154**
10155**
10156** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
10157**
10158**   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
10159**   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
10160**
10161**   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
10162**   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
10163**   if any, is not invoked.
10164**
10165**
10166** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
10167**
10168**   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
10169**   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
10170**
10171**        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
10172**
10173** xPhraseFirst()
10174**   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
10175**   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
10176**   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
10177**   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
10178**   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
10179**   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
10180**
10181**       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
10182**       int iCol, iOff;
10183**       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
10184**           iCol>=0;
10185**           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
10186**       ){
10187**         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
10188**       }
10189**
10190**   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
10191**   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
10192**   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
10193**   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
10194**
10195**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10196**   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
10197**   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
10198**   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
10199**   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
10200**
10201** xPhraseNext()
10202**   See xPhraseFirst above.
10203**
10204** xPhraseFirstColumn()
10205**   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
10206**   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
10207**   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
10208**   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
10209**   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
10210**
10211**       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
10212**       int iCol;
10213**       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
10214**           iCol>=0;
10215**           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
10216**       ){
10217**         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
10218**       }
10219**
10220**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10221**   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
10222**   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
10223**   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
10224**   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
10225**
10226**   The information accessed using this API and its companion
10227**   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
10228**   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
10229**   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
10230**   "detail=column" tables.
10231**
10232** xPhraseNextColumn()
10233**   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
10234*/
10235struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
10236  int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
10237
10238  void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
10239
10240  int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
10241  int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
10242  int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
10243
10244  int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
10245    const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
10246    void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
10247    int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
10248  );
10249
10250  int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
10251  int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
10252
10253  int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
10254  int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
10255
10256  sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
10257  int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
10258  int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
10259
10260  int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
10261    int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
10262  );
10263  int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
10264  void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
10265
10266  int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
10267  void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
10268
10269  int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
10270  void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
10271};
10272
10273/*
10274** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
10275*************************************************************************/
10276
10277/*************************************************************************
10278** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
10279**
10280** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
10281** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
10282** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
10283** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
10284** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
10285**
10286** xCreate:
10287**   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
10288**   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
10289**
10290**   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
10291**   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer object
10292**   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
10293**   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
10294**   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
10295**   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
10296**   to create the FTS5 table.
10297**
10298**   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
10299**   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
10300**   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
10301**   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
10302**   is undefined.
10303**
10304** xDelete:
10305**   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
10306**   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
10307**   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
10308**
10309** xTokenize:
10310**   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
10311**   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
10312**   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
10313**   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
10314**
10315**   The second argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
10316**   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
10317**   four values:
10318**
10319**   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
10320**            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
10321**            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
10322**            FTS index.
10323**
10324**       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
10325**            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
10326**            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
10327**
10328**       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
10329**            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
10330**            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
10331**            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
10332**
10333**       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
10334**            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
10335**            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
10336**            on a columnsize=0 database.
10337**   </ul>
10338**
10339**   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
10340**   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
10341**   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
10342**   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
10343**   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
10344**   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
10345**   which the token is derived within the input.
10346**
10347**   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
10348**   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
10349**   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
10350**
10351**   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
10352**   order that they occur within the input text.
10353**
10354**   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
10355**   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
10356**   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
10357**   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
10358**   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
10359**   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
10360**   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
10361**
10362** SYNONYM SUPPORT
10363**
10364**   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
10365**   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
10366**   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
10367**   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
10368**   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
10369**   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
10370**   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
10371**
10372**   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
10373**
10374**   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, the
10375**            In the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
10376**            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
10377**            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
10378**            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
10379**            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
10380**            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
10381**            as expected.
10382**
10383**       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
10384**            In this case, when tokenizing query text, the tokenizer may
10385**            provide multiple synonyms for a single term within the document.
10386**            FTS5 then queries the index for each synonym individually. For
10387**            example, faced with the query:
10388**
10389**   <codeblock>
10390**     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
10391**
10392**            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
10393**            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
10394**            similar to:
10395**
10396**   <codeblock>
10397**     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
10398**
10399**            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
10400**            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
10401**            being treated as a single phrase.
10402**
10403**       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
10404**            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
10405**            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
10406**            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
10407**            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
10408**            "place".
10409**
10410**            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
10411**            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do would be
10412**            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
10413**            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entires in the
10414**            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
10415**   </ol>
10416**
10417**   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
10418**   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
10419**   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
10420**   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
10421**   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
10422**
10423**   <codeblock>
10424**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
10425**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
10426**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
10427**       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
10428**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
10429**</codeblock>
10430**
10431**   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
10432**   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
10433**   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
10434**   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
10435**   single token.
10436**
10437**   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
10438**   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
10439**   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
10440**   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
10441**   token "first" is subsituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
10442**
10443**   <codeblock>
10444**     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
10445**
10446**   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
10447**   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
10448**
10449**   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
10450**   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
10451**   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
10452**   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
10453**   within the database.
10454**
10455**   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
10456**   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
10457**   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
10458**   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
10459**   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
10460**   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
10461**   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
10462**   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
10463**
10464**   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
10465**   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
10466**   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
10467**   inefficient.
10468*/
10469typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
10470typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
10471struct fts5_tokenizer {
10472  int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
10473  void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
10474  int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
10475      void *pCtx,
10476      int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
10477      const char *pText, int nText,
10478      int (*xToken)(
10479        void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
10480        int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
10481        const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
10482        int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
10483        int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
10484        int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
10485      )
10486  );
10487};
10488
10489/* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
10490#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
10491#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
10492#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
10493#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
10494
10495/* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
10496** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
10497#define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
10498
10499/*
10500** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
10501*************************************************************************/
10502
10503/*************************************************************************
10504** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
10505*/
10506typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
10507struct fts5_api {
10508  int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
10509
10510  /* Create a new tokenizer */
10511  int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
10512    fts5_api *pApi,
10513    const char *zName,
10514    void *pContext,
10515    fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
10516    void (*xDestroy)(void*)
10517  );
10518
10519  /* Find an existing tokenizer */
10520  int (*xFindTokenizer)(
10521    fts5_api *pApi,
10522    const char *zName,
10523    void **ppContext,
10524    fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
10525  );
10526
10527  /* Create a new auxiliary function */
10528  int (*xCreateFunction)(
10529    fts5_api *pApi,
10530    const char *zName,
10531    void *pContext,
10532    fts5_extension_function xFunction,
10533    void (*xDestroy)(void*)
10534  );
10535};
10536
10537/*
10538** END OF REGISTRATION API
10539*************************************************************************/
10540
10541#ifdef __cplusplus
10542}  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
10543#endif
10544
10545#endif /* _FTS5_H */
10546
10547/******** End of fts5.h *********/
10548