unicodeobject.h revision 7e9d1d1a1b8ec4db9b9b6789b448c4202ab84b48
1#ifndef Py_UNICODEOBJECT_H
2#define Py_UNICODEOBJECT_H
3
4#include <stdarg.h>
5
6/*
7
8Unicode implementation based on original code by Fredrik Lundh,
9modified by Marc-Andre Lemburg (mal@lemburg.com) according to the
10Unicode Integration Proposal. (See
11http://www.egenix.com/files/python/unicode-proposal.txt).
12
13Copyright (c) Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
14
15
16 Original header:
17 --------------------------------------------------------------------
18
19 * Yet another Unicode string type for Python.  This type supports the
20 * 16-bit Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) only.
21 *
22 * Written by Fredrik Lundh, January 1999.
23 *
24 * Copyright (c) 1999 by Secret Labs AB.
25 * Copyright (c) 1999 by Fredrik Lundh.
26 *
27 * fredrik@pythonware.com
28 * http://www.pythonware.com
29 *
30 * --------------------------------------------------------------------
31 * This Unicode String Type is
32 *
33 * Copyright (c) 1999 by Secret Labs AB
34 * Copyright (c) 1999 by Fredrik Lundh
35 *
36 * By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its
37 * associated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood,
38 * and will comply with the following terms and conditions:
39 *
40 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
41 * associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
42 * granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all
43 * copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice
44 * appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Secret Labs
45 * AB or the author not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
46 * distribution of the software without specific, written prior
47 * permission.
48 *
49 * SECRET LABS AB AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
50 * THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
51 * FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL SECRET LABS AB OR THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
52 * ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
53 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
54 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
55 * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
56 * -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
57
58#include <ctype.h>
59
60/* === Internal API ======================================================= */
61
62/* --- Internal Unicode Format -------------------------------------------- */
63
64/* Python 3.x requires unicode */
65#define Py_USING_UNICODE
66
67#ifndef SIZEOF_WCHAR_T
68#error Must define SIZEOF_WCHAR_T
69#endif
70
71#define Py_UNICODE_SIZE SIZEOF_WCHAR_T
72
73/* If wchar_t can be used for UCS-4 storage, set Py_UNICODE_WIDE.
74   Otherwise, Unicode strings are stored as UCS-2 (with limited support
75   for UTF-16) */
76
77#if Py_UNICODE_SIZE >= 4
78#define Py_UNICODE_WIDE
79#endif
80
81/* Set these flags if the platform has "wchar.h" and the
82   wchar_t type is a 16-bit unsigned type */
83/* #define HAVE_WCHAR_H */
84/* #define HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T */
85
86/* Py_UNICODE was the native Unicode storage format (code unit) used by
87   Python and represents a single Unicode element in the Unicode type.
88   With PEP 393, Py_UNICODE is deprecated and replaced with a
89   typedef to wchar_t. */
90
91#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
92#define PY_UNICODE_TYPE wchar_t
93typedef wchar_t Py_UNICODE;
94#endif
95
96/* If the compiler provides a wchar_t type we try to support it
97   through the interface functions PyUnicode_FromWideChar(),
98   PyUnicode_AsWideChar() and PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(). */
99
100#ifdef HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T
101# ifndef HAVE_WCHAR_H
102#  define HAVE_WCHAR_H
103# endif
104#endif
105
106#if defined(MS_WINDOWS)
107#  define HAVE_MBCS
108#endif
109
110#ifdef HAVE_WCHAR_H
111/* Work around a cosmetic bug in BSDI 4.x wchar.h; thanks to Thomas Wouters */
112# ifdef _HAVE_BSDI
113#  include <time.h>
114# endif
115#  include <wchar.h>
116#endif
117
118/* Py_UCS4 and Py_UCS2 are typedefs for the respective
119   unicode representations. */
120#if SIZEOF_INT == 4
121typedef unsigned int Py_UCS4;
122#elif SIZEOF_LONG == 4
123typedef unsigned long Py_UCS4;
124#else
125#error "Could not find a proper typedef for Py_UCS4"
126#endif
127
128#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 2
129typedef unsigned short Py_UCS2;
130#else
131#error "Could not find a proper typedef for Py_UCS2"
132#endif
133
134typedef unsigned char Py_UCS1;
135
136/* --- Internal Unicode Operations ---------------------------------------- */
137
138/* Since splitting on whitespace is an important use case, and
139   whitespace in most situations is solely ASCII whitespace, we
140   optimize for the common case by using a quick look-up table
141   _Py_ascii_whitespace (see below) with an inlined check.
142
143 */
144#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
145#define Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(ch) \
146    ((ch) < 128U ? _Py_ascii_whitespace[(ch)] : _PyUnicode_IsWhitespace(ch))
147
148#define Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER(ch) _PyUnicode_IsLowercase(ch)
149#define Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER(ch) _PyUnicode_IsUppercase(ch)
150#define Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE(ch) _PyUnicode_IsTitlecase(ch)
151#define Py_UNICODE_ISLINEBREAK(ch) _PyUnicode_IsLinebreak(ch)
152
153#define Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER(ch) _PyUnicode_ToLowercase(ch)
154#define Py_UNICODE_TOUPPER(ch) _PyUnicode_ToUppercase(ch)
155#define Py_UNICODE_TOTITLE(ch) _PyUnicode_ToTitlecase(ch)
156
157#define Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL(ch) _PyUnicode_IsDecimalDigit(ch)
158#define Py_UNICODE_ISDIGIT(ch) _PyUnicode_IsDigit(ch)
159#define Py_UNICODE_ISNUMERIC(ch) _PyUnicode_IsNumeric(ch)
160#define Py_UNICODE_ISPRINTABLE(ch) _PyUnicode_IsPrintable(ch)
161
162#define Py_UNICODE_TODECIMAL(ch) _PyUnicode_ToDecimalDigit(ch)
163#define Py_UNICODE_TODIGIT(ch) _PyUnicode_ToDigit(ch)
164#define Py_UNICODE_TONUMERIC(ch) _PyUnicode_ToNumeric(ch)
165
166#define Py_UNICODE_ISALPHA(ch) _PyUnicode_IsAlpha(ch)
167
168#define Py_UNICODE_ISALNUM(ch) \
169       (Py_UNICODE_ISALPHA(ch) || \
170    Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL(ch) || \
171    Py_UNICODE_ISDIGIT(ch) || \
172    Py_UNICODE_ISNUMERIC(ch))
173
174#define Py_UNICODE_COPY(target, source, length) \
175    Py_MEMCPY((target), (source), (length)*sizeof(Py_UNICODE))
176
177#define Py_UNICODE_FILL(target, value, length) \
178    do {Py_ssize_t i_; Py_UNICODE *t_ = (target); Py_UNICODE v_ = (value);\
179    for (i_ = 0; i_ < (length); i_++) t_[i_] = v_;\
180    } while (0)
181
182/* macros to work with surrogates */
183#define Py_UNICODE_IS_SURROGATE(ch) (0xD800 <= (ch) && (ch) <= 0xDFFF)
184#define Py_UNICODE_IS_HIGH_SURROGATE(ch) (0xD800 <= (ch) && (ch) <= 0xDBFF)
185#define Py_UNICODE_IS_LOW_SURROGATE(ch) (0xDC00 <= (ch) && (ch) <= 0xDFFF)
186/* Join two surrogate characters and return a single Py_UCS4 value. */
187#define Py_UNICODE_JOIN_SURROGATES(high, low)  \
188    (((((Py_UCS4)(high) & 0x03FF) << 10) |      \
189      ((Py_UCS4)(low) & 0x03FF)) + 0x10000)
190/* high surrogate = top 10 bits added to D800 */
191#define Py_UNICODE_HIGH_SURROGATE(ch) (0xD800 - (0x10000 >> 10) + ((ch) >> 10))
192/* low surrogate = bottom 10 bits added to DC00 */
193#define Py_UNICODE_LOW_SURROGATE(ch) (0xDC00 + ((ch) & 0x3FF))
194
195/* Check if substring matches at given offset.  The offset must be
196   valid, and the substring must not be empty. */
197
198#define Py_UNICODE_MATCH(string, offset, substring) \
199    ((*((string)->wstr + (offset)) == *((substring)->wstr)) && \
200     ((*((string)->wstr + (offset) + (substring)->wstr_length-1) == *((substring)->wstr + (substring)->wstr_length-1))) && \
201     !memcmp((string)->wstr + (offset), (substring)->wstr, (substring)->wstr_length*sizeof(Py_UNICODE)))
202
203#endif /* Py_LIMITED_API */
204
205#ifdef __cplusplus
206extern "C" {
207#endif
208
209/* --- Unicode Type ------------------------------------------------------- */
210
211#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
212
213/* ASCII-only strings created through PyUnicode_New use the PyASCIIObject
214   structure. state.ascii and state.compact are set, and the data
215   immediately follow the structure. utf8_length and wstr_length can be found
216   in the length field; the utf8 pointer is equal to the data pointer. */
217typedef struct {
218    /* There are 4 forms of Unicode strings:
219
220       - compact ascii:
221
222         * structure = PyASCIIObject
223         * test: PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT_ASCII(op)
224         * kind = PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND
225         * compact = 1
226         * ascii = 1
227         * ready = 1
228         * (length is the length of the utf8 and wstr strings)
229         * (data starts just after the structure)
230         * (since ASCII is decoded from UTF-8, the utf8 string are the data)
231
232       - compact:
233
234         * structure = PyCompactUnicodeObject
235         * test: PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT(op) && !PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(op)
236         * kind = PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND, PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND or
237           PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND
238         * compact = 1
239         * ready = 1
240         * ascii = 0
241         * utf8 is not shared with data
242         * utf8_length = 0 if utf8 is NULL
243         * wstr is shared with data and wstr_length=length
244           if kind=PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND and sizeof(wchar_t)=2
245           or if kind=PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND and sizeof(wchar_t)=4
246         * wstr_length = 0 if wstr is NULL
247         * (data starts just after the structure)
248
249       - legacy string, not ready:
250
251         * structure = PyUnicodeObject
252         * test: kind == PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND
253         * length = 0 (use wstr_length)
254         * hash = -1
255         * kind = PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND
256         * compact = 0
257         * ascii = 0
258         * ready = 0
259         * interned = SSTATE_NOT_INTERNED
260         * wstr is not NULL
261         * data.any is NULL
262         * utf8 is NULL
263         * utf8_length = 0
264
265       - legacy string, ready:
266
267         * structure = PyUnicodeObject structure
268         * test: !PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT(op) && kind != PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND
269         * kind = PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND, PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND or
270           PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND
271         * compact = 0
272         * ready = 1
273         * data.any is not NULL
274         * utf8 is shared and utf8_length = length with data.any if ascii = 1
275         * utf8_length = 0 if utf8 is NULL
276         * wstr is shared with data.any and wstr_length = length
277           if kind=PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND and sizeof(wchar_t)=2
278           or if kind=PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND and sizeof(wchar_4)=4
279         * wstr_length = 0 if wstr is NULL
280
281       Compact strings use only one memory block (structure + characters),
282       whereas legacy strings use one block for the structure and one block
283       for characters.
284
285       Legacy strings are created by PyUnicode_FromUnicode() and
286       PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(NULL, size) functions. They become ready
287       when PyUnicode_READY() is called.
288
289       See also _PyUnicode_CheckConsistency().
290    */
291    PyObject_HEAD
292    Py_ssize_t length;          /* Number of code points in the string */
293    Py_hash_t hash;             /* Hash value; -1 if not set */
294    struct {
295        /*
296           SSTATE_NOT_INTERNED (0)
297           SSTATE_INTERNED_MORTAL (1)
298           SSTATE_INTERNED_IMMORTAL (2)
299
300           If interned != SSTATE_NOT_INTERNED, the two references from the
301           dictionary to this object are *not* counted in ob_refcnt.
302         */
303        unsigned int interned:2;
304        /* Character size:
305
306           - PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND (0):
307
308             * character type = wchar_t (16 or 32 bits, depending on the
309               platform)
310
311           - PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND (1):
312
313             * character type = Py_UCS1 (8 bits, unsigned)
314             * all characters are in the range U+0000-U+00FF (latin1)
315             * if ascii is set, all characters are in the range U+0000-U+007F
316               (ASCII), otherwise at least one character is in the range
317               U+0080-U+00FF
318
319           - PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND (2):
320
321             * character type = Py_UCS2 (16 bits, unsigned)
322             * all characters are in the range U+0000-U+FFFF (BMP)
323             * at least one character is in the range U+0100-U+FFFF
324
325           - PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND (4):
326
327             * character type = Py_UCS4 (32 bits, unsigned)
328             * all characters are in the range U+0000-U+10FFFF
329             * at least one character is in the range U+10000-U+10FFFF
330         */
331        unsigned int kind:3;
332        /* Compact is with respect to the allocation scheme. Compact unicode
333           objects only require one memory block while non-compact objects use
334           one block for the PyUnicodeObject struct and another for its data
335           buffer. */
336        unsigned int compact:1;
337        /* The string only contains characters in the range U+0000-U+007F (ASCII)
338           and the kind is PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND. If ascii is set and compact is
339           set, use the PyASCIIObject structure. */
340        unsigned int ascii:1;
341        /* The ready flag indicates whether the object layout is initialized
342           completely. This means that this is either a compact object, or
343           the data pointer is filled out. The bit is redundant, and helps
344           to minimize the test in PyUnicode_IS_READY(). */
345        unsigned int ready:1;
346        /* Padding to ensure that PyUnicode_DATA() is always aligned to
347           4 bytes (see issue #19537 on m68k). */
348        unsigned int :24;
349    } state;
350    wchar_t *wstr;              /* wchar_t representation (null-terminated) */
351} PyASCIIObject;
352
353/* Non-ASCII strings allocated through PyUnicode_New use the
354   PyCompactUnicodeObject structure. state.compact is set, and the data
355   immediately follow the structure. */
356typedef struct {
357    PyASCIIObject _base;
358    Py_ssize_t utf8_length;     /* Number of bytes in utf8, excluding the
359                                 * terminating \0. */
360    char *utf8;                 /* UTF-8 representation (null-terminated) */
361    Py_ssize_t wstr_length;     /* Number of code points in wstr, possible
362                                 * surrogates count as two code points. */
363} PyCompactUnicodeObject;
364
365/* Strings allocated through PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, len) use the
366   PyUnicodeObject structure. The actual string data is initially in the wstr
367   block, and copied into the data block using _PyUnicode_Ready. */
368typedef struct {
369    PyCompactUnicodeObject _base;
370    union {
371        void *any;
372        Py_UCS1 *latin1;
373        Py_UCS2 *ucs2;
374        Py_UCS4 *ucs4;
375    } data;                     /* Canonical, smallest-form Unicode buffer */
376} PyUnicodeObject;
377#endif
378
379PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyUnicode_Type;
380PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyUnicodeIter_Type;
381
382#define PyUnicode_Check(op) \
383                 PyType_FastSubclass(Py_TYPE(op), Py_TPFLAGS_UNICODE_SUBCLASS)
384#define PyUnicode_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyUnicode_Type)
385
386/* Fast access macros */
387#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
388
389#define PyUnicode_WSTR_LENGTH(op) \
390    (PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT_ASCII(op) ?                  \
391     ((PyASCIIObject*)op)->length :                    \
392     ((PyCompactUnicodeObject*)op)->wstr_length)
393
394/* Returns the deprecated Py_UNICODE representation's size in code units
395   (this includes surrogate pairs as 2 units).
396   If the Py_UNICODE representation is not available, it will be computed
397   on request.  Use PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH() for the length in code points. */
398
399#define PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(op)                       \
400    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)),                    \
401     (((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->wstr) ?               \
402      PyUnicode_WSTR_LENGTH(op) :                    \
403      ((void)PyUnicode_AsUnicode((PyObject *)(op)),  \
404       assert(((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->wstr),        \
405       PyUnicode_WSTR_LENGTH(op)))
406
407#define PyUnicode_GET_DATA_SIZE(op) \
408    (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(op) * Py_UNICODE_SIZE)
409
410/* Alias for PyUnicode_AsUnicode().  This will create a wchar_t/Py_UNICODE
411   representation on demand.  Using this macro is very inefficient now,
412   try to port your code to use the new PyUnicode_*BYTE_DATA() macros or
413   use PyUnicode_WRITE() and PyUnicode_READ(). */
414
415#define PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(op) \
416    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)), \
417     (((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->wstr) ? (((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->wstr) : \
418      PyUnicode_AsUnicode((PyObject *)(op)))
419
420#define PyUnicode_AS_DATA(op) \
421    ((const char *)(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(op)))
422
423
424/* --- Flexible String Representation Helper Macros (PEP 393) -------------- */
425
426/* Values for PyASCIIObject.state: */
427
428/* Interning state. */
429#define SSTATE_NOT_INTERNED 0
430#define SSTATE_INTERNED_MORTAL 1
431#define SSTATE_INTERNED_IMMORTAL 2
432
433/* Return true if the string contains only ASCII characters, or 0 if not. The
434   string may be compact (PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT_ASCII) or not, but must be
435   ready. */
436#define PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(op)                   \
437    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)),                \
438     assert(PyUnicode_IS_READY(op)),             \
439     ((PyASCIIObject*)op)->state.ascii)
440
441/* Return true if the string is compact or 0 if not.
442   No type checks or Ready calls are performed. */
443#define PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT(op) \
444    (((PyASCIIObject*)(op))->state.compact)
445
446/* Return true if the string is a compact ASCII string (use PyASCIIObject
447   structure), or 0 if not.  No type checks or Ready calls are performed. */
448#define PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT_ASCII(op)                 \
449    (((PyASCIIObject*)op)->state.ascii && PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT(op))
450
451enum PyUnicode_Kind {
452/* String contains only wstr byte characters.  This is only possible
453   when the string was created with a legacy API and _PyUnicode_Ready()
454   has not been called yet.  */
455    PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND = 0,
456/* Return values of the PyUnicode_KIND() macro: */
457    PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND = 1,
458    PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND = 2,
459    PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND = 4
460};
461
462/* Return pointers to the canonical representation cast to unsigned char,
463   Py_UCS2, or Py_UCS4 for direct character access.
464   No checks are performed, use PyUnicode_KIND() before to ensure
465   these will work correctly. */
466
467#define PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(op) ((Py_UCS1*)PyUnicode_DATA(op))
468#define PyUnicode_2BYTE_DATA(op) ((Py_UCS2*)PyUnicode_DATA(op))
469#define PyUnicode_4BYTE_DATA(op) ((Py_UCS4*)PyUnicode_DATA(op))
470
471/* Return one of the PyUnicode_*_KIND values defined above. */
472#define PyUnicode_KIND(op) \
473    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)), \
474     assert(PyUnicode_IS_READY(op)),            \
475     ((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->state.kind)
476
477/* Return a void pointer to the raw unicode buffer. */
478#define _PyUnicode_COMPACT_DATA(op)                     \
479    (PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(op) ?                   \
480     ((void*)((PyASCIIObject*)(op) + 1)) :              \
481     ((void*)((PyCompactUnicodeObject*)(op) + 1)))
482
483#define _PyUnicode_NONCOMPACT_DATA(op)                  \
484    (assert(((PyUnicodeObject*)(op))->data.any),        \
485     ((((PyUnicodeObject *)(op))->data.any)))
486
487#define PyUnicode_DATA(op) \
488    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)), \
489     PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT(op) ? _PyUnicode_COMPACT_DATA(op) :   \
490     _PyUnicode_NONCOMPACT_DATA(op))
491
492/* In the access macros below, "kind" may be evaluated more than once.
493   All other macro parameters are evaluated exactly once, so it is safe
494   to put side effects into them (such as increasing the index). */
495
496/* Write into the canonical representation, this macro does not do any sanity
497   checks and is intended for usage in loops.  The caller should cache the
498   kind and data pointers obtained from other macro calls.
499   index is the index in the string (starts at 0) and value is the new
500   code point value which should be written to that location. */
501#define PyUnicode_WRITE(kind, data, index, value) \
502    do { \
503        switch ((kind)) { \
504        case PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND: { \
505            ((Py_UCS1 *)(data))[(index)] = (Py_UCS1)(value); \
506            break; \
507        } \
508        case PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND: { \
509            ((Py_UCS2 *)(data))[(index)] = (Py_UCS2)(value); \
510            break; \
511        } \
512        default: { \
513            assert((kind) == PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND); \
514            ((Py_UCS4 *)(data))[(index)] = (Py_UCS4)(value); \
515        } \
516        } \
517    } while (0)
518
519/* Read a code point from the string's canonical representation.  No checks
520   or ready calls are performed. */
521#define PyUnicode_READ(kind, data, index) \
522    ((Py_UCS4) \
523    ((kind) == PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND ? \
524        ((const Py_UCS1 *)(data))[(index)] : \
525        ((kind) == PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND ? \
526            ((const Py_UCS2 *)(data))[(index)] : \
527            ((const Py_UCS4 *)(data))[(index)] \
528        ) \
529    ))
530
531/* PyUnicode_READ_CHAR() is less efficient than PyUnicode_READ() because it
532   calls PyUnicode_KIND() and might call it twice.  For single reads, use
533   PyUnicode_READ_CHAR, for multiple consecutive reads callers should
534   cache kind and use PyUnicode_READ instead. */
535#define PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(unicode, index) \
536    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(unicode)),          \
537     assert(PyUnicode_IS_READY(unicode)),       \
538     (Py_UCS4)                                  \
539        (PyUnicode_KIND((unicode)) == PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND ? \
540            ((const Py_UCS1 *)(PyUnicode_DATA((unicode))))[(index)] : \
541            (PyUnicode_KIND((unicode)) == PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND ? \
542                ((const Py_UCS2 *)(PyUnicode_DATA((unicode))))[(index)] : \
543                ((const Py_UCS4 *)(PyUnicode_DATA((unicode))))[(index)] \
544            ) \
545        ))
546
547/* Returns the length of the unicode string. The caller has to make sure that
548   the string has it's canonical representation set before calling
549   this macro.  Call PyUnicode_(FAST_)Ready to ensure that. */
550#define PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(op)                \
551    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)),               \
552     assert(PyUnicode_IS_READY(op)),            \
553     ((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->length)
554
555
556/* Fast check to determine whether an object is ready. Equivalent to
557   PyUnicode_IS_COMPACT(op) || ((PyUnicodeObject*)(op))->data.any) */
558
559#define PyUnicode_IS_READY(op) (((PyASCIIObject*)op)->state.ready)
560
561/* PyUnicode_READY() does less work than _PyUnicode_Ready() in the best
562   case.  If the canonical representation is not yet set, it will still call
563   _PyUnicode_Ready().
564   Returns 0 on success and -1 on errors. */
565#define PyUnicode_READY(op)                        \
566    (assert(PyUnicode_Check(op)),                       \
567     (PyUnicode_IS_READY(op) ?                          \
568      0 : _PyUnicode_Ready((PyObject *)(op))))
569
570/* Return a maximum character value which is suitable for creating another
571   string based on op.  This is always an approximation but more efficient
572   than iterating over the string. */
573#define PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE(op) \
574    (assert(PyUnicode_IS_READY(op)),                                    \
575     (PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(op) ?                                          \
576      (0x7f) :                                                          \
577      (PyUnicode_KIND(op) == PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND ?                     \
578       (0xffU) :                                                        \
579       (PyUnicode_KIND(op) == PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND ?                    \
580        (0xffffU) :                                                     \
581        (0x10ffffU)))))
582
583#endif
584
585/* --- Constants ---------------------------------------------------------- */
586
587/* This Unicode character will be used as replacement character during
588   decoding if the errors argument is set to "replace". Note: the
589   Unicode character U+FFFD is the official REPLACEMENT CHARACTER in
590   Unicode 3.0. */
591
592#define Py_UNICODE_REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER ((Py_UCS4) 0xFFFD)
593
594/* === Public API ========================================================= */
595
596/* --- Plain Py_UNICODE --------------------------------------------------- */
597
598/* With PEP 393, this is the recommended way to allocate a new unicode object.
599   This function will allocate the object and its buffer in a single memory
600   block.  Objects created using this function are not resizable. */
601#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
602PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_New(
603    Py_ssize_t size,            /* Number of code points in the new string */
604    Py_UCS4 maxchar             /* maximum code point value in the string */
605    );
606#endif
607
608/* Initializes the canonical string representation from the deprecated
609   wstr/Py_UNICODE representation. This function is used to convert Unicode
610   objects which were created using the old API to the new flexible format
611   introduced with PEP 393.
612
613   Don't call this function directly, use the public PyUnicode_READY() macro
614   instead. */
615#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
616PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_Ready(
617    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
618    );
619#endif
620
621/* Get a copy of a Unicode string. */
622#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
623PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_Copy(
624    PyObject *unicode
625    );
626#endif
627
628/* Copy character from one unicode object into another, this function performs
629   character conversion when necessary and falls back to memcpy() if possible.
630
631   Fail if to is too small (smaller than *how_many* or smaller than
632   len(from)-from_start), or if kind(from[from_start:from_start+how_many]) >
633   kind(to), or if *to* has more than 1 reference.
634
635   Return the number of written character, or return -1 and raise an exception
636   on error.
637
638   Pseudo-code:
639
640       how_many = min(how_many, len(from) - from_start)
641       to[to_start:to_start+how_many] = from[from_start:from_start+how_many]
642       return how_many
643
644   Note: The function doesn't write a terminating null character.
645   */
646#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
647PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_CopyCharacters(
648    PyObject *to,
649    Py_ssize_t to_start,
650    PyObject *from,
651    Py_ssize_t from_start,
652    Py_ssize_t how_many
653    );
654
655/* Unsafe version of PyUnicode_CopyCharacters(): don't check arguments and so
656   may crash if parameters are invalid (e.g. if the output string
657   is too short). */
658PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyUnicode_FastCopyCharacters(
659    PyObject *to,
660    Py_ssize_t to_start,
661    PyObject *from,
662    Py_ssize_t from_start,
663    Py_ssize_t how_many
664    );
665#endif
666
667#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
668/* Fill a string with a character: write fill_char into
669   unicode[start:start+length].
670
671   Fail if fill_char is bigger than the string maximum character, or if the
672   string has more than 1 reference.
673
674   Return the number of written character, or return -1 and raise an exception
675   on error. */
676PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_Fill(
677    PyObject *unicode,
678    Py_ssize_t start,
679    Py_ssize_t length,
680    Py_UCS4 fill_char
681    );
682
683/* Unsafe version of PyUnicode_Fill(): don't check arguments and so may crash
684   if parameters are invalid (e.g. if length is longer than the string). */
685PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyUnicode_FastFill(
686    PyObject *unicode,
687    Py_ssize_t start,
688    Py_ssize_t length,
689    Py_UCS4 fill_char
690    );
691#endif
692
693/* Create a Unicode Object from the Py_UNICODE buffer u of the given
694   size.
695
696   u may be NULL which causes the contents to be undefined. It is the
697   user's responsibility to fill in the needed data afterwards. Note
698   that modifying the Unicode object contents after construction is
699   only allowed if u was set to NULL.
700
701   The buffer is copied into the new object. */
702
703#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
704PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromUnicode(
705    const Py_UNICODE *u,        /* Unicode buffer */
706    Py_ssize_t size             /* size of buffer */
707    );
708#endif
709
710/* Similar to PyUnicode_FromUnicode(), but u points to UTF-8 encoded bytes */
711PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(
712    const char *u,             /* UTF-8 encoded string */
713    Py_ssize_t size            /* size of buffer */
714    );
715
716/* Similar to PyUnicode_FromUnicode(), but u points to null-terminated
717   UTF-8 encoded bytes.  The size is determined with strlen(). */
718PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromString(
719    const char *u              /* UTF-8 encoded string */
720    );
721
722#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
723/* Create a new string from a buffer of Py_UCS1, Py_UCS2 or Py_UCS4 characters.
724   Scan the string to find the maximum character. */
725PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromKindAndData(
726    int kind,
727    const void *buffer,
728    Py_ssize_t size);
729
730/* Create a new string from a buffer of ASCII characters.
731   WARNING: Don't check if the string contains any non-ASCII character. */
732PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_FromASCII(
733    const char *buffer,
734    Py_ssize_t size);
735#endif
736
737PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Substring(
738    PyObject *str,
739    Py_ssize_t start,
740    Py_ssize_t end);
741
742#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
743/* Compute the maximum character of the substring unicode[start:end].
744   Return 127 for an empty string. */
745PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4) _PyUnicode_FindMaxChar (
746    PyObject *unicode,
747    Py_ssize_t start,
748    Py_ssize_t end);
749#endif
750
751/* Copy the string into a UCS4 buffer including the null character if copy_null
752   is set. Return NULL and raise an exception on error. Raise a ValueError if
753   the buffer is smaller than the string. Return buffer on success.
754
755   buflen is the length of the buffer in (Py_UCS4) characters. */
756PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4*) PyUnicode_AsUCS4(
757    PyObject *unicode,
758    Py_UCS4* buffer,
759    Py_ssize_t buflen,
760    int copy_null);
761
762/* Copy the string into a UCS4 buffer. A new buffer is allocated using
763 * PyMem_Malloc; if this fails, NULL is returned with a memory error
764   exception set. */
765PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4*) PyUnicode_AsUCS4Copy(PyObject *unicode);
766
767/* Return a read-only pointer to the Unicode object's internal
768   Py_UNICODE buffer.
769   If the wchar_t/Py_UNICODE representation is not yet available, this
770   function will calculate it. */
771
772#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
773PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE *) PyUnicode_AsUnicode(
774    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
775    );
776#endif
777
778/* Return a read-only pointer to the Unicode object's internal
779   Py_UNICODE buffer and save the length at size.
780   If the wchar_t/Py_UNICODE representation is not yet available, this
781   function will calculate it. */
782
783#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
784PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE *) PyUnicode_AsUnicodeAndSize(
785    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
786    Py_ssize_t *size            /* location where to save the length */
787    );
788#endif
789
790/* Get the length of the Unicode object. */
791
792PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_GetLength(
793    PyObject *unicode
794);
795
796/* Get the number of Py_UNICODE units in the
797   string representation. */
798
799PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_GetSize(
800    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
801    );
802
803/* Read a character from the string. */
804
805PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4) PyUnicode_ReadChar(
806    PyObject *unicode,
807    Py_ssize_t index
808    );
809
810/* Write a character to the string. The string must have been created through
811   PyUnicode_New, must not be shared, and must not have been hashed yet.
812
813   Return 0 on success, -1 on error. */
814
815PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_WriteChar(
816    PyObject *unicode,
817    Py_ssize_t index,
818    Py_UCS4 character
819    );
820
821#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
822/* Get the maximum ordinal for a Unicode character. */
823PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE) PyUnicode_GetMax(void);
824#endif
825
826/* Resize an Unicode object. The length is the number of characters, except
827   if the kind of the string is PyUnicode_WCHAR_KIND: in this case, the length
828   is the number of Py_UNICODE characters.
829
830   *unicode is modified to point to the new (resized) object and 0
831   returned on success.
832
833   Try to resize the string in place (which is usually faster than allocating
834   a new string and copy characters), or create a new string.
835
836   Error handling is implemented as follows: an exception is set, -1
837   is returned and *unicode left untouched.
838
839   WARNING: The function doesn't check string content, the result may not be a
840            string in canonical representation. */
841
842PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_Resize(
843    PyObject **unicode,         /* Pointer to the Unicode object */
844    Py_ssize_t length           /* New length */
845    );
846
847/* Coerce obj to an Unicode object and return a reference with
848   *incremented* refcount.
849
850   Coercion is done in the following way:
851
852   1. bytes, bytearray and other bytes-like objects are decoded
853      under the assumptions that they contain data using the UTF-8
854      encoding. Decoding is done in "strict" mode.
855
856   2. All other objects (including Unicode objects) raise an
857      exception.
858
859   The API returns NULL in case of an error. The caller is responsible
860   for decref'ing the returned objects.
861
862*/
863
864PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(
865    PyObject *obj,              /* Object */
866    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
867    const char *errors          /* error handling */
868    );
869
870/* Coerce obj to an Unicode object and return a reference with
871   *incremented* refcount.
872
873   Unicode objects are passed back as-is (subclasses are converted to
874   true Unicode objects), all other objects are delegated to
875   PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(obj, NULL, "strict") which results in
876   using UTF-8 encoding as basis for decoding the object.
877
878   The API returns NULL in case of an error. The caller is responsible
879   for decref'ing the returned objects.
880
881*/
882
883PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromObject(
884    PyObject *obj      /* Object */
885    );
886
887PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_FromFormatV(
888    const char *format,   /* ASCII-encoded string  */
889    va_list vargs
890    );
891PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_FromFormat(
892    const char *format,   /* ASCII-encoded string  */
893    ...
894    );
895
896#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
897typedef struct {
898    PyObject *buffer;
899    void *data;
900    enum PyUnicode_Kind kind;
901    Py_UCS4 maxchar;
902    Py_ssize_t size;
903    Py_ssize_t pos;
904
905    /* minimum number of allocated characters (default: 0) */
906    Py_ssize_t min_length;
907
908    /* minimum character (default: 127, ASCII) */
909    Py_UCS4 min_char;
910
911    /* If non-zero, overallocate the buffer by 25% (default: 0). */
912    unsigned char overallocate;
913
914    /* If readonly is 1, buffer is a shared string (cannot be modified)
915       and size is set to 0. */
916    unsigned char readonly;
917} _PyUnicodeWriter ;
918
919/* Initialize a Unicode writer.
920 *
921 * By default, the minimum buffer size is 0 character and overallocation is
922 * disabled. Set min_length, min_char and overallocate attributes to control
923 * the allocation of the buffer. */
924PyAPI_FUNC(void)
925_PyUnicodeWriter_Init(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer);
926
927/* Prepare the buffer to write 'length' characters
928   with the specified maximum character.
929
930   Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
931#define _PyUnicodeWriter_Prepare(WRITER, LENGTH, MAXCHAR)             \
932    (((MAXCHAR) <= (WRITER)->maxchar                                  \
933      && (LENGTH) <= (WRITER)->size - (WRITER)->pos)                  \
934     ? 0                                                              \
935     : (((LENGTH) == 0)                                               \
936        ? 0                                                           \
937        : _PyUnicodeWriter_PrepareInternal((WRITER), (LENGTH), (MAXCHAR))))
938
939/* Don't call this function directly, use the _PyUnicodeWriter_Prepare() macro
940   instead. */
941PyAPI_FUNC(int)
942_PyUnicodeWriter_PrepareInternal(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
943                                 Py_ssize_t length, Py_UCS4 maxchar);
944
945/* Append a Unicode character.
946   Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
947PyAPI_FUNC(int)
948_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteChar(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
949    Py_UCS4 ch
950    );
951
952/* Append a Unicode string.
953   Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
954PyAPI_FUNC(int)
955_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteStr(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
956    PyObject *str               /* Unicode string */
957    );
958
959/* Append a substring of a Unicode string.
960   Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
961PyAPI_FUNC(int)
962_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteSubstring(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
963    PyObject *str,              /* Unicode string */
964    Py_ssize_t start,
965    Py_ssize_t end
966    );
967
968/* Append a ASCII-encoded byte string.
969   Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
970PyAPI_FUNC(int)
971_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteASCIIString(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
972    const char *str,           /* ASCII-encoded byte string */
973    Py_ssize_t len             /* number of bytes, or -1 if unknown */
974    );
975
976/* Append a latin1-encoded byte string.
977   Return 0 on success, raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
978PyAPI_FUNC(int)
979_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteLatin1String(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
980    const char *str,           /* latin1-encoded byte string */
981    Py_ssize_t len             /* length in bytes */
982    );
983
984/* Get the value of the writer as an Unicode string. Clear the
985   buffer of the writer. Raise an exception and return NULL
986   on error. */
987PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *)
988_PyUnicodeWriter_Finish(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer);
989
990/* Deallocate memory of a writer (clear its internal buffer). */
991PyAPI_FUNC(void)
992_PyUnicodeWriter_Dealloc(_PyUnicodeWriter *writer);
993#endif
994
995#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
996/* Format the object based on the format_spec, as defined in PEP 3101
997   (Advanced String Formatting). */
998PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_FormatAdvancedWriter(
999    _PyUnicodeWriter *writer,
1000    PyObject *obj,
1001    PyObject *format_spec,
1002    Py_ssize_t start,
1003    Py_ssize_t end);
1004#endif
1005
1006PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyUnicode_InternInPlace(PyObject **);
1007PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyUnicode_InternImmortal(PyObject **);
1008PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_InternFromString(
1009    const char *u              /* UTF-8 encoded string */
1010    );
1011#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1012PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_ReleaseInternedUnicodeStrings(void);
1013#endif
1014
1015/* Use only if you know it's a string */
1016#define PyUnicode_CHECK_INTERNED(op) \
1017    (((PyASCIIObject *)(op))->state.interned)
1018
1019/* --- wchar_t support for platforms which support it --------------------- */
1020
1021#ifdef HAVE_WCHAR_H
1022
1023/* Create a Unicode Object from the wchar_t buffer w of the given
1024   size.
1025
1026   The buffer is copied into the new object. */
1027
1028PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromWideChar(
1029    const wchar_t *w,           /* wchar_t buffer */
1030    Py_ssize_t size             /* size of buffer */
1031    );
1032
1033/* Copies the Unicode Object contents into the wchar_t buffer w.  At
1034   most size wchar_t characters are copied.
1035
1036   Note that the resulting wchar_t string may or may not be
1037   0-terminated.  It is the responsibility of the caller to make sure
1038   that the wchar_t string is 0-terminated in case this is required by
1039   the application.
1040
1041   Returns the number of wchar_t characters copied (excluding a
1042   possibly trailing 0-termination character) or -1 in case of an
1043   error. */
1044
1045PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_AsWideChar(
1046    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1047    wchar_t *w,                 /* wchar_t buffer */
1048    Py_ssize_t size             /* size of buffer */
1049    );
1050
1051/* Convert the Unicode object to a wide character string. The output string
1052   always ends with a nul character. If size is not NULL, write the number of
1053   wide characters (excluding the null character) into *size.
1054
1055   Returns a buffer allocated by PyMem_Malloc() (use PyMem_Free() to free it)
1056   on success. On error, returns NULL, *size is undefined and raises a
1057   MemoryError. */
1058
1059PyAPI_FUNC(wchar_t*) PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(
1060    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1061    Py_ssize_t *size            /* number of characters of the result */
1062    );
1063
1064#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1065PyAPI_FUNC(void*) _PyUnicode_AsKind(PyObject *s, unsigned int kind);
1066#endif
1067
1068#endif
1069
1070/* --- Unicode ordinals --------------------------------------------------- */
1071
1072/* Create a Unicode Object from the given Unicode code point ordinal.
1073
1074   The ordinal must be in range(0x110000). A ValueError is
1075   raised in case it is not.
1076
1077*/
1078
1079PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_FromOrdinal(int ordinal);
1080
1081/* --- Free-list management ----------------------------------------------- */
1082
1083/* Clear the free list used by the Unicode implementation.
1084
1085   This can be used to release memory used for objects on the free
1086   list back to the Python memory allocator.
1087
1088*/
1089
1090PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_ClearFreeList(void);
1091
1092/* === Builtin Codecs =====================================================
1093
1094   Many of these APIs take two arguments encoding and errors. These
1095   parameters encoding and errors have the same semantics as the ones
1096   of the builtin str() API.
1097
1098   Setting encoding to NULL causes the default encoding (UTF-8) to be used.
1099
1100   Error handling is set by errors which may also be set to NULL
1101   meaning to use the default handling defined for the codec. Default
1102   error handling for all builtin codecs is "strict" (ValueErrors are
1103   raised).
1104
1105   The codecs all use a similar interface. Only deviation from the
1106   generic ones are documented.
1107
1108*/
1109
1110/* --- Manage the default encoding ---------------------------------------- */
1111
1112/* Returns a pointer to the default encoding (UTF-8) of the
1113   Unicode object unicode and the size of the encoded representation
1114   in bytes stored in *size.
1115
1116   In case of an error, no *size is set.
1117
1118   This function caches the UTF-8 encoded string in the unicodeobject
1119   and subsequent calls will return the same string.  The memory is released
1120   when the unicodeobject is deallocated.
1121
1122   _PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize is a #define for PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize to
1123   support the previous internal function with the same behaviour.
1124
1125   *** This API is for interpreter INTERNAL USE ONLY and will likely
1126   *** be removed or changed in the future.
1127
1128   *** If you need to access the Unicode object as UTF-8 bytes string,
1129   *** please use PyUnicode_AsUTF8String() instead.
1130*/
1131
1132#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1133PyAPI_FUNC(char *) PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(
1134    PyObject *unicode,
1135    Py_ssize_t *size);
1136#define _PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize
1137#endif
1138
1139/* Returns a pointer to the default encoding (UTF-8) of the
1140   Unicode object unicode.
1141
1142   Like PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(), this also caches the UTF-8 representation
1143   in the unicodeobject.
1144
1145   _PyUnicode_AsString is a #define for PyUnicode_AsUTF8 to
1146   support the previous internal function with the same behaviour.
1147
1148   Use of this API is DEPRECATED since no size information can be
1149   extracted from the returned data.
1150
1151   *** This API is for interpreter INTERNAL USE ONLY and will likely
1152   *** be removed or changed for Python 3.1.
1153
1154   *** If you need to access the Unicode object as UTF-8 bytes string,
1155   *** please use PyUnicode_AsUTF8String() instead.
1156
1157*/
1158
1159#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1160PyAPI_FUNC(char *) PyUnicode_AsUTF8(PyObject *unicode);
1161#define _PyUnicode_AsString PyUnicode_AsUTF8
1162#endif
1163
1164/* Returns "utf-8".  */
1165
1166PyAPI_FUNC(const char*) PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding(void);
1167
1168/* --- Generic Codecs ----------------------------------------------------- */
1169
1170/* Create a Unicode object by decoding the encoded string s of the
1171   given size. */
1172
1173PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Decode(
1174    const char *s,              /* encoded string */
1175    Py_ssize_t size,            /* size of buffer */
1176    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1177    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1178    );
1179
1180/* Decode a Unicode object unicode and return the result as Python
1181   object. */
1182
1183PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsDecodedObject(
1184    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1185    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1186    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1187    );
1188
1189/* Decode a Unicode object unicode and return the result as Unicode
1190   object. */
1191
1192PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsDecodedUnicode(
1193    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1194    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1195    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1196    );
1197
1198/* Encodes a Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size and returns a
1199   Python string object. */
1200
1201#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1202PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Encode(
1203    const Py_UNICODE *s,        /* Unicode char buffer */
1204    Py_ssize_t size,            /* number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1205    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1206    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1207    );
1208#endif
1209
1210/* Encodes a Unicode object and returns the result as Python
1211   object. */
1212
1213PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(
1214    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1215    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1216    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1217    );
1218
1219/* Encodes a Unicode object and returns the result as Python string
1220   object. */
1221
1222PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(
1223    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1224    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1225    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1226    );
1227
1228/* Encodes a Unicode object and returns the result as Unicode
1229   object. */
1230
1231PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsEncodedUnicode(
1232    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1233    const char *encoding,       /* encoding */
1234    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1235    );
1236
1237/* Build an encoding map. */
1238
1239PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_BuildEncodingMap(
1240    PyObject* string            /* 256 character map */
1241   );
1242
1243/* --- UTF-7 Codecs ------------------------------------------------------- */
1244
1245PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7(
1246    const char *string,         /* UTF-7 encoded string */
1247    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1248    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1249    );
1250
1251PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7Stateful(
1252    const char *string,         /* UTF-7 encoded string */
1253    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1254    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1255    Py_ssize_t *consumed        /* bytes consumed */
1256    );
1257
1258#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1259PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeUTF7(
1260    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1261    Py_ssize_t length,          /* number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1262    int base64SetO,             /* Encode RFC2152 Set O characters in base64 */
1263    int base64WhiteSpace,       /* Encode whitespace (sp, ht, nl, cr) in base64 */
1264    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1265    );
1266PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_EncodeUTF7(
1267    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1268    int base64SetO,             /* Encode RFC2152 Set O characters in base64 */
1269    int base64WhiteSpace,       /* Encode whitespace (sp, ht, nl, cr) in base64 */
1270    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1271    );
1272#endif
1273
1274/* --- UTF-8 Codecs ------------------------------------------------------- */
1275
1276PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(
1277    const char *string,         /* UTF-8 encoded string */
1278    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1279    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1280    );
1281
1282PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8Stateful(
1283    const char *string,         /* UTF-8 encoded string */
1284    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1285    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1286    Py_ssize_t *consumed        /* bytes consumed */
1287    );
1288
1289PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(
1290    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1291    );
1292
1293#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1294PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(
1295    PyObject *unicode,
1296    const char *errors);
1297
1298PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8(
1299    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1300    Py_ssize_t length,          /* number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1301    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1302    );
1303#endif
1304
1305/* --- UTF-32 Codecs ------------------------------------------------------ */
1306
1307/* Decodes length bytes from a UTF-32 encoded buffer string and returns
1308   the corresponding Unicode object.
1309
1310   errors (if non-NULL) defines the error handling. It defaults
1311   to "strict".
1312
1313   If byteorder is non-NULL, the decoder starts decoding using the
1314   given byte order:
1315
1316    *byteorder == -1: little endian
1317    *byteorder == 0:  native order
1318    *byteorder == 1:  big endian
1319
1320   In native mode, the first four bytes of the stream are checked for a
1321   BOM mark. If found, the BOM mark is analysed, the byte order
1322   adjusted and the BOM skipped.  In the other modes, no BOM mark
1323   interpretation is done. After completion, *byteorder is set to the
1324   current byte order at the end of input data.
1325
1326   If byteorder is NULL, the codec starts in native order mode.
1327
1328*/
1329
1330PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32(
1331    const char *string,         /* UTF-32 encoded string */
1332    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1333    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1334    int *byteorder              /* pointer to byteorder to use
1335                                   0=native;-1=LE,1=BE; updated on
1336                                   exit */
1337    );
1338
1339PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32Stateful(
1340    const char *string,         /* UTF-32 encoded string */
1341    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1342    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1343    int *byteorder,             /* pointer to byteorder to use
1344                                   0=native;-1=LE,1=BE; updated on
1345                                   exit */
1346    Py_ssize_t *consumed        /* bytes consumed */
1347    );
1348
1349/* Returns a Python string using the UTF-32 encoding in native byte
1350   order. The string always starts with a BOM mark.  */
1351
1352PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsUTF32String(
1353    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1354    );
1355
1356/* Returns a Python string object holding the UTF-32 encoded value of
1357   the Unicode data.
1358
1359   If byteorder is not 0, output is written according to the following
1360   byte order:
1361
1362   byteorder == -1: little endian
1363   byteorder == 0:  native byte order (writes a BOM mark)
1364   byteorder == 1:  big endian
1365
1366   If byteorder is 0, the output string will always start with the
1367   Unicode BOM mark (U+FEFF). In the other two modes, no BOM mark is
1368   prepended.
1369
1370*/
1371
1372#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1373PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeUTF32(
1374    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1375    Py_ssize_t length,          /* number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1376    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1377    int byteorder               /* byteorder to use 0=BOM+native;-1=LE,1=BE */
1378    );
1379PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_EncodeUTF32(
1380    PyObject *object,           /* Unicode object */
1381    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1382    int byteorder               /* byteorder to use 0=BOM+native;-1=LE,1=BE */
1383    );
1384#endif
1385
1386/* --- UTF-16 Codecs ------------------------------------------------------ */
1387
1388/* Decodes length bytes from a UTF-16 encoded buffer string and returns
1389   the corresponding Unicode object.
1390
1391   errors (if non-NULL) defines the error handling. It defaults
1392   to "strict".
1393
1394   If byteorder is non-NULL, the decoder starts decoding using the
1395   given byte order:
1396
1397    *byteorder == -1: little endian
1398    *byteorder == 0:  native order
1399    *byteorder == 1:  big endian
1400
1401   In native mode, the first two bytes of the stream are checked for a
1402   BOM mark. If found, the BOM mark is analysed, the byte order
1403   adjusted and the BOM skipped.  In the other modes, no BOM mark
1404   interpretation is done. After completion, *byteorder is set to the
1405   current byte order at the end of input data.
1406
1407   If byteorder is NULL, the codec starts in native order mode.
1408
1409*/
1410
1411PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16(
1412    const char *string,         /* UTF-16 encoded string */
1413    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1414    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1415    int *byteorder              /* pointer to byteorder to use
1416                                   0=native;-1=LE,1=BE; updated on
1417                                   exit */
1418    );
1419
1420PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful(
1421    const char *string,         /* UTF-16 encoded string */
1422    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1423    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1424    int *byteorder,             /* pointer to byteorder to use
1425                                   0=native;-1=LE,1=BE; updated on
1426                                   exit */
1427    Py_ssize_t *consumed        /* bytes consumed */
1428    );
1429
1430/* Returns a Python string using the UTF-16 encoding in native byte
1431   order. The string always starts with a BOM mark.  */
1432
1433PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsUTF16String(
1434    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1435    );
1436
1437/* Returns a Python string object holding the UTF-16 encoded value of
1438   the Unicode data.
1439
1440   If byteorder is not 0, output is written according to the following
1441   byte order:
1442
1443   byteorder == -1: little endian
1444   byteorder == 0:  native byte order (writes a BOM mark)
1445   byteorder == 1:  big endian
1446
1447   If byteorder is 0, the output string will always start with the
1448   Unicode BOM mark (U+FEFF). In the other two modes, no BOM mark is
1449   prepended.
1450
1451   Note that Py_UNICODE data is being interpreted as UTF-16 reduced to
1452   UCS-2. This trick makes it possible to add full UTF-16 capabilities
1453   at a later point without compromising the APIs.
1454
1455*/
1456
1457#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1458PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeUTF16(
1459    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1460    Py_ssize_t length,          /* number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1461    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1462    int byteorder               /* byteorder to use 0=BOM+native;-1=LE,1=BE */
1463    );
1464PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_EncodeUTF16(
1465    PyObject* unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1466    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1467    int byteorder               /* byteorder to use 0=BOM+native;-1=LE,1=BE */
1468    );
1469#endif
1470
1471/* --- Unicode-Escape Codecs ---------------------------------------------- */
1472
1473PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeUnicodeEscape(
1474    const char *string,         /* Unicode-Escape encoded string */
1475    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1476    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1477    );
1478
1479PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsUnicodeEscapeString(
1480    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1481    );
1482
1483#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1484PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeUnicodeEscape(
1485    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1486    Py_ssize_t length           /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1487    );
1488#endif
1489
1490/* --- Raw-Unicode-Escape Codecs ------------------------------------------ */
1491
1492PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeRawUnicodeEscape(
1493    const char *string,         /* Raw-Unicode-Escape encoded string */
1494    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1495    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1496    );
1497
1498PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsRawUnicodeEscapeString(
1499    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1500    );
1501
1502#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1503PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeRawUnicodeEscape(
1504    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1505    Py_ssize_t length           /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1506    );
1507#endif
1508
1509/* --- Unicode Internal Codec ---------------------------------------------
1510
1511    Only for internal use in _codecsmodule.c */
1512
1513#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1514PyObject *_PyUnicode_DecodeUnicodeInternal(
1515    const char *string,
1516    Py_ssize_t length,
1517    const char *errors
1518    );
1519#endif
1520
1521/* --- Latin-1 Codecs -----------------------------------------------------
1522
1523   Note: Latin-1 corresponds to the first 256 Unicode ordinals.
1524
1525*/
1526
1527PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1(
1528    const char *string,         /* Latin-1 encoded string */
1529    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1530    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1531    );
1532
1533PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsLatin1String(
1534    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1535    );
1536
1537#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1538PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_AsLatin1String(
1539    PyObject* unicode,
1540    const char* errors);
1541
1542PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeLatin1(
1543    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1544    Py_ssize_t length,          /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1545    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1546    );
1547#endif
1548
1549/* --- ASCII Codecs -------------------------------------------------------
1550
1551   Only 7-bit ASCII data is excepted. All other codes generate errors.
1552
1553*/
1554
1555PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(
1556    const char *string,         /* ASCII encoded string */
1557    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1558    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1559    );
1560
1561PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(
1562    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1563    );
1564
1565#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1566PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(
1567    PyObject* unicode,
1568    const char* errors);
1569
1570PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeASCII(
1571    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1572    Py_ssize_t length,          /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1573    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1574    );
1575#endif
1576
1577/* --- Character Map Codecs -----------------------------------------------
1578
1579   This codec uses mappings to encode and decode characters.
1580
1581   Decoding mappings must map single string characters to single
1582   Unicode characters, integers (which are then interpreted as Unicode
1583   ordinals) or None (meaning "undefined mapping" and causing an
1584   error).
1585
1586   Encoding mappings must map single Unicode characters to single
1587   string characters, integers (which are then interpreted as Latin-1
1588   ordinals) or None (meaning "undefined mapping" and causing an
1589   error).
1590
1591   If a character lookup fails with a LookupError, the character is
1592   copied as-is meaning that its ordinal value will be interpreted as
1593   Unicode or Latin-1 ordinal resp. Because of this mappings only need
1594   to contain those mappings which map characters to different code
1595   points.
1596
1597*/
1598
1599PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeCharmap(
1600    const char *string,         /* Encoded string */
1601    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1602    PyObject *mapping,          /* character mapping
1603                                   (char ordinal -> unicode ordinal) */
1604    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1605    );
1606
1607PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsCharmapString(
1608    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1609    PyObject *mapping           /* character mapping
1610                                   (unicode ordinal -> char ordinal) */
1611    );
1612
1613#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1614PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap(
1615    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1616    Py_ssize_t length,          /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1617    PyObject *mapping,          /* character mapping
1618                                   (unicode ordinal -> char ordinal) */
1619    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1620    );
1621PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap(
1622    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1623    PyObject *mapping,          /* character mapping
1624                                   (unicode ordinal -> char ordinal) */
1625    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1626    );
1627#endif
1628
1629/* Translate a Py_UNICODE buffer of the given length by applying a
1630   character mapping table to it and return the resulting Unicode
1631   object.
1632
1633   The mapping table must map Unicode ordinal integers to Unicode
1634   ordinal integers or None (causing deletion of the character).
1635
1636   Mapping tables may be dictionaries or sequences. Unmapped character
1637   ordinals (ones which cause a LookupError) are left untouched and
1638   are copied as-is.
1639
1640*/
1641
1642#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1643PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_TranslateCharmap(
1644    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1645    Py_ssize_t length,          /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1646    PyObject *table,            /* Translate table */
1647    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1648    );
1649#endif
1650
1651#ifdef HAVE_MBCS
1652
1653/* --- MBCS codecs for Windows -------------------------------------------- */
1654
1655PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS(
1656    const char *string,         /* MBCS encoded string */
1657    Py_ssize_t length,              /* size of string */
1658    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1659    );
1660
1661PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful(
1662    const char *string,         /* MBCS encoded string */
1663    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1664    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1665    Py_ssize_t *consumed        /* bytes consumed */
1666    );
1667
1668PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeCodePageStateful(
1669    int code_page,              /* code page number */
1670    const char *string,         /* encoded string */
1671    Py_ssize_t length,          /* size of string */
1672    const char *errors,         /* error handling */
1673    Py_ssize_t *consumed        /* bytes consumed */
1674    );
1675
1676PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_AsMBCSString(
1677    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1678    );
1679
1680#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1681PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeMBCS(
1682    const Py_UNICODE *data,     /* Unicode char buffer */
1683    Py_ssize_t length,          /* number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1684    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1685    );
1686#endif
1687
1688PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeCodePage(
1689    int code_page,              /* code page number */
1690    PyObject *unicode,          /* Unicode object */
1691    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1692    );
1693
1694#endif /* HAVE_MBCS */
1695
1696/* --- Decimal Encoder ---------------------------------------------------- */
1697
1698/* Takes a Unicode string holding a decimal value and writes it into
1699   an output buffer using standard ASCII digit codes.
1700
1701   The output buffer has to provide at least length+1 bytes of storage
1702   area. The output string is 0-terminated.
1703
1704   The encoder converts whitespace to ' ', decimal characters to their
1705   corresponding ASCII digit and all other Latin-1 characters except
1706   \0 as-is. Characters outside this range (Unicode ordinals 1-256)
1707   are treated as errors. This includes embedded NULL bytes.
1708
1709   Error handling is defined by the errors argument:
1710
1711      NULL or "strict": raise a ValueError
1712      "ignore": ignore the wrong characters (these are not copied to the
1713                output buffer)
1714      "replace": replaces illegal characters with '?'
1715
1716   Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
1717
1718*/
1719
1720#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1721PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_EncodeDecimal(
1722    Py_UNICODE *s,              /* Unicode buffer */
1723    Py_ssize_t length,          /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to encode */
1724    char *output,               /* Output buffer; must have size >= length */
1725    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1726    );
1727#endif
1728
1729/* Transforms code points that have decimal digit property to the
1730   corresponding ASCII digit code points.
1731
1732   Returns a new Unicode string on success, NULL on failure.
1733*/
1734
1735#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1736PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_TransformDecimalToASCII(
1737    Py_UNICODE *s,              /* Unicode buffer */
1738    Py_ssize_t length           /* Number of Py_UNICODE chars to transform */
1739    );
1740#endif
1741
1742/* Similar to PyUnicode_TransformDecimalToASCII(), but takes a PyObject
1743   as argument instead of a raw buffer and length.  This function additionally
1744   transforms spaces to ASCII because this is what the callers in longobject,
1745   floatobject, and complexobject did anyways. */
1746
1747#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
1748PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_TransformDecimalAndSpaceToASCII(
1749    PyObject *unicode           /* Unicode object */
1750    );
1751#endif
1752
1753/* --- Locale encoding --------------------------------------------------- */
1754
1755/* Decode a string from the current locale encoding. The decoder is strict if
1756   *surrogateescape* is equal to zero, otherwise it uses the 'surrogateescape'
1757   error handler (PEP 383) to escape undecodable bytes. If a byte sequence can
1758   be decoded as a surrogate character and *surrogateescape* is not equal to
1759   zero, the byte sequence is escaped using the 'surrogateescape' error handler
1760   instead of being decoded. *str* must end with a null character but cannot
1761   contain embedded null characters. */
1762
1763PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeLocaleAndSize(
1764    const char *str,
1765    Py_ssize_t len,
1766    const char *errors);
1767
1768/* Similar to PyUnicode_DecodeLocaleAndSize(), but compute the string
1769   length using strlen(). */
1770
1771PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeLocale(
1772    const char *str,
1773    const char *errors);
1774
1775/* Encode a Unicode object to the current locale encoding. The encoder is
1776   strict is *surrogateescape* is equal to zero, otherwise the
1777   "surrogateescape" error handler is used. Return a bytes object. The string
1778   cannot contain embedded null characters. */
1779
1780PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeLocale(
1781    PyObject *unicode,
1782    const char *errors
1783    );
1784
1785/* --- File system encoding ---------------------------------------------- */
1786
1787/* ParseTuple converter: encode str objects to bytes using
1788   PyUnicode_EncodeFSDefault(); bytes objects are output as-is. */
1789
1790PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_FSConverter(PyObject*, void*);
1791
1792/* ParseTuple converter: decode bytes objects to unicode using
1793   PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefaultAndSize(); str objects are output as-is. */
1794
1795PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_FSDecoder(PyObject*, void*);
1796
1797/* Decode a null-terminated string using Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding
1798   and the "surrogateescape" error handler.
1799
1800   If Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding is not set, fall back to the locale
1801   encoding.
1802
1803   Use PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefaultAndSize() if the string length is known.
1804*/
1805
1806PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault(
1807    const char *s               /* encoded string */
1808    );
1809
1810/* Decode a string using Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding
1811   and the "surrogateescape" error handler.
1812
1813   If Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding is not set, fall back to the locale
1814   encoding.
1815*/
1816
1817PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefaultAndSize(
1818    const char *s,               /* encoded string */
1819    Py_ssize_t size              /* size */
1820    );
1821
1822/* Encode a Unicode object to Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding with the
1823   "surrogateescape" error handler, and return bytes.
1824
1825   If Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding is not set, fall back to the locale
1826   encoding.
1827*/
1828
1829PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_EncodeFSDefault(
1830    PyObject *unicode
1831    );
1832
1833/* --- Methods & Slots ----------------------------------------------------
1834
1835   These are capable of handling Unicode objects and strings on input
1836   (we refer to them as strings in the descriptions) and return
1837   Unicode objects or integers as appropriate. */
1838
1839/* Concat two strings giving a new Unicode string. */
1840
1841PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Concat(
1842    PyObject *left,             /* Left string */
1843    PyObject *right             /* Right string */
1844    );
1845
1846/* Concat two strings and put the result in *pleft
1847   (sets *pleft to NULL on error) */
1848
1849PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyUnicode_Append(
1850    PyObject **pleft,           /* Pointer to left string */
1851    PyObject *right             /* Right string */
1852    );
1853
1854/* Concat two strings, put the result in *pleft and drop the right object
1855   (sets *pleft to NULL on error) */
1856
1857PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyUnicode_AppendAndDel(
1858    PyObject **pleft,           /* Pointer to left string */
1859    PyObject *right             /* Right string */
1860    );
1861
1862/* Split a string giving a list of Unicode strings.
1863
1864   If sep is NULL, splitting will be done at all whitespace
1865   substrings. Otherwise, splits occur at the given separator.
1866
1867   At most maxsplit splits will be done. If negative, no limit is set.
1868
1869   Separators are not included in the resulting list.
1870
1871*/
1872
1873PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Split(
1874    PyObject *s,                /* String to split */
1875    PyObject *sep,              /* String separator */
1876    Py_ssize_t maxsplit         /* Maxsplit count */
1877    );
1878
1879/* Dito, but split at line breaks.
1880
1881   CRLF is considered to be one line break. Line breaks are not
1882   included in the resulting list. */
1883
1884PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Splitlines(
1885    PyObject *s,                /* String to split */
1886    int keepends                /* If true, line end markers are included */
1887    );
1888
1889/* Partition a string using a given separator. */
1890
1891PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Partition(
1892    PyObject *s,                /* String to partition */
1893    PyObject *sep               /* String separator */
1894    );
1895
1896/* Partition a string using a given separator, searching from the end of the
1897   string. */
1898
1899PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_RPartition(
1900    PyObject *s,                /* String to partition */
1901    PyObject *sep               /* String separator */
1902    );
1903
1904/* Split a string giving a list of Unicode strings.
1905
1906   If sep is NULL, splitting will be done at all whitespace
1907   substrings. Otherwise, splits occur at the given separator.
1908
1909   At most maxsplit splits will be done. But unlike PyUnicode_Split
1910   PyUnicode_RSplit splits from the end of the string. If negative,
1911   no limit is set.
1912
1913   Separators are not included in the resulting list.
1914
1915*/
1916
1917PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_RSplit(
1918    PyObject *s,                /* String to split */
1919    PyObject *sep,              /* String separator */
1920    Py_ssize_t maxsplit         /* Maxsplit count */
1921    );
1922
1923/* Translate a string by applying a character mapping table to it and
1924   return the resulting Unicode object.
1925
1926   The mapping table must map Unicode ordinal integers to Unicode
1927   ordinal integers or None (causing deletion of the character).
1928
1929   Mapping tables may be dictionaries or sequences. Unmapped character
1930   ordinals (ones which cause a LookupError) are left untouched and
1931   are copied as-is.
1932
1933*/
1934
1935PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_Translate(
1936    PyObject *str,              /* String */
1937    PyObject *table,            /* Translate table */
1938    const char *errors          /* error handling */
1939    );
1940
1941/* Join a sequence of strings using the given separator and return
1942   the resulting Unicode string. */
1943
1944PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyUnicode_Join(
1945    PyObject *separator,        /* Separator string */
1946    PyObject *seq               /* Sequence object */
1947    );
1948
1949/* Return 1 if substr matches str[start:end] at the given tail end, 0
1950   otherwise. */
1951
1952PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_Tailmatch(
1953    PyObject *str,              /* String */
1954    PyObject *substr,           /* Prefix or Suffix string */
1955    Py_ssize_t start,           /* Start index */
1956    Py_ssize_t end,             /* Stop index */
1957    int direction               /* Tail end: -1 prefix, +1 suffix */
1958    );
1959
1960/* Return the first position of substr in str[start:end] using the
1961   given search direction or -1 if not found. -2 is returned in case
1962   an error occurred and an exception is set. */
1963
1964PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_Find(
1965    PyObject *str,              /* String */
1966    PyObject *substr,           /* Substring to find */
1967    Py_ssize_t start,           /* Start index */
1968    Py_ssize_t end,             /* Stop index */
1969    int direction               /* Find direction: +1 forward, -1 backward */
1970    );
1971
1972/* Like PyUnicode_Find, but search for single character only. */
1973PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_FindChar(
1974    PyObject *str,
1975    Py_UCS4 ch,
1976    Py_ssize_t start,
1977    Py_ssize_t end,
1978    int direction
1979    );
1980
1981/* Count the number of occurrences of substr in str[start:end]. */
1982
1983PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyUnicode_Count(
1984    PyObject *str,              /* String */
1985    PyObject *substr,           /* Substring to count */
1986    Py_ssize_t start,           /* Start index */
1987    Py_ssize_t end              /* Stop index */
1988    );
1989
1990/* Replace at most maxcount occurrences of substr in str with replstr
1991   and return the resulting Unicode object. */
1992
1993PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_Replace(
1994    PyObject *str,              /* String */
1995    PyObject *substr,           /* Substring to find */
1996    PyObject *replstr,          /* Substring to replace */
1997    Py_ssize_t maxcount         /* Max. number of replacements to apply;
1998                                   -1 = all */
1999    );
2000
2001/* Compare two strings and return -1, 0, 1 for less than, equal,
2002   greater than resp.
2003   Raise an exception and return -1 on error. */
2004
2005PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_Compare(
2006    PyObject *left,             /* Left string */
2007    PyObject *right             /* Right string */
2008    );
2009
2010#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
2011PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_CompareWithId(
2012    PyObject *left,             /* Left string */
2013    _Py_Identifier *right       /* Right identifier */
2014    );
2015#endif
2016
2017PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(
2018    PyObject *left,
2019    const char *right           /* ASCII-encoded string */
2020    );
2021
2022/* Rich compare two strings and return one of the following:
2023
2024   - NULL in case an exception was raised
2025   - Py_True or Py_False for successfully comparisons
2026   - Py_NotImplemented in case the type combination is unknown
2027
2028   Note that Py_EQ and Py_NE comparisons can cause a UnicodeWarning in
2029   case the conversion of the arguments to Unicode fails with a
2030   UnicodeDecodeError.
2031
2032   Possible values for op:
2033
2034     Py_GT, Py_GE, Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_LT, Py_LE
2035
2036*/
2037
2038PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_RichCompare(
2039    PyObject *left,             /* Left string */
2040    PyObject *right,            /* Right string */
2041    int op                      /* Operation: Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_GT, etc. */
2042    );
2043
2044/* Apply a argument tuple or dictionary to a format string and return
2045   the resulting Unicode string. */
2046
2047PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyUnicode_Format(
2048    PyObject *format,           /* Format string */
2049    PyObject *args              /* Argument tuple or dictionary */
2050    );
2051
2052/* Checks whether element is contained in container and return 1/0
2053   accordingly.
2054
2055   element has to coerce to an one element Unicode string. -1 is
2056   returned in case of an error. */
2057
2058PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_Contains(
2059    PyObject *container,        /* Container string */
2060    PyObject *element           /* Element string */
2061    );
2062
2063/* Checks whether argument is a valid identifier. */
2064
2065PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyUnicode_IsIdentifier(PyObject *s);
2066
2067#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
2068/* Externally visible for str.strip(unicode) */
2069PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyUnicode_XStrip(
2070    PyObject *self,
2071    int striptype,
2072    PyObject *sepobj
2073    );
2074#endif
2075
2076/* Using explicit passed-in values, insert the thousands grouping
2077   into the string pointed to by buffer.  For the argument descriptions,
2078   see Objects/stringlib/localeutil.h */
2079#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
2080PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _PyUnicode_InsertThousandsGrouping(
2081    PyObject *unicode,
2082    Py_ssize_t index,
2083    Py_ssize_t n_buffer,
2084    void *digits,
2085    Py_ssize_t n_digits,
2086    Py_ssize_t min_width,
2087    const char *grouping,
2088    PyObject *thousands_sep,
2089    Py_UCS4 *maxchar);
2090#endif
2091/* === Characters Type APIs =============================================== */
2092
2093/* Helper array used by Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE(). */
2094
2095#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
2096PyAPI_DATA(const unsigned char) _Py_ascii_whitespace[];
2097
2098/* These should not be used directly. Use the Py_UNICODE_IS* and
2099   Py_UNICODE_TO* macros instead.
2100
2101   These APIs are implemented in Objects/unicodectype.c.
2102
2103*/
2104
2105PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsLowercase(
2106    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2107    );
2108
2109PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsUppercase(
2110    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2111    );
2112
2113PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsTitlecase(
2114    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2115    );
2116
2117PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsXidStart(
2118    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2119    );
2120
2121PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsXidContinue(
2122    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2123    );
2124
2125PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsWhitespace(
2126    const Py_UCS4 ch         /* Unicode character */
2127    );
2128
2129PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsLinebreak(
2130    const Py_UCS4 ch         /* Unicode character */
2131    );
2132
2133PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4) _PyUnicode_ToLowercase(
2134    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2135    );
2136
2137PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4) _PyUnicode_ToUppercase(
2138    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2139    );
2140
2141PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UCS4) _PyUnicode_ToTitlecase(
2142    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2143    );
2144
2145PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_ToLowerFull(
2146    Py_UCS4 ch,       /* Unicode character */
2147    Py_UCS4 *res
2148    );
2149
2150PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_ToTitleFull(
2151    Py_UCS4 ch,       /* Unicode character */
2152    Py_UCS4 *res
2153    );
2154
2155PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_ToUpperFull(
2156    Py_UCS4 ch,       /* Unicode character */
2157    Py_UCS4 *res
2158    );
2159
2160PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_ToFoldedFull(
2161    Py_UCS4 ch,       /* Unicode character */
2162    Py_UCS4 *res
2163    );
2164
2165PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsCaseIgnorable(
2166    Py_UCS4 ch         /* Unicode character */
2167    );
2168
2169PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsCased(
2170    Py_UCS4 ch         /* Unicode character */
2171    );
2172
2173PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_ToDecimalDigit(
2174    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2175    );
2176
2177PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_ToDigit(
2178    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2179    );
2180
2181PyAPI_FUNC(double) _PyUnicode_ToNumeric(
2182    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2183    );
2184
2185PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsDecimalDigit(
2186    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2187    );
2188
2189PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsDigit(
2190    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2191    );
2192
2193PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsNumeric(
2194    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2195    );
2196
2197PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsPrintable(
2198    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2199    );
2200
2201PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_IsAlpha(
2202    Py_UCS4 ch       /* Unicode character */
2203    );
2204
2205PyAPI_FUNC(size_t) Py_UNICODE_strlen(
2206    const Py_UNICODE *u
2207    );
2208
2209PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE*) Py_UNICODE_strcpy(
2210    Py_UNICODE *s1,
2211    const Py_UNICODE *s2);
2212
2213PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE*) Py_UNICODE_strcat(
2214    Py_UNICODE *s1, const Py_UNICODE *s2);
2215
2216PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE*) Py_UNICODE_strncpy(
2217    Py_UNICODE *s1,
2218    const Py_UNICODE *s2,
2219    size_t n);
2220
2221PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_UNICODE_strcmp(
2222    const Py_UNICODE *s1,
2223    const Py_UNICODE *s2
2224    );
2225
2226PyAPI_FUNC(int) Py_UNICODE_strncmp(
2227    const Py_UNICODE *s1,
2228    const Py_UNICODE *s2,
2229    size_t n
2230    );
2231
2232PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE*) Py_UNICODE_strchr(
2233    const Py_UNICODE *s,
2234    Py_UNICODE c
2235    );
2236
2237PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE*) Py_UNICODE_strrchr(
2238    const Py_UNICODE *s,
2239    Py_UNICODE c
2240    );
2241
2242PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_FormatLong(PyObject *, int, int, int);
2243
2244/* Create a copy of a unicode string ending with a nul character. Return NULL
2245   and raise a MemoryError exception on memory allocation failure, otherwise
2246   return a new allocated buffer (use PyMem_Free() to free the buffer). */
2247
2248PyAPI_FUNC(Py_UNICODE*) PyUnicode_AsUnicodeCopy(
2249    PyObject *unicode
2250    );
2251#endif /* Py_LIMITED_API */
2252
2253#if defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_LIMITED_API)
2254PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyUnicode_CheckConsistency(
2255    PyObject *op,
2256    int check_content);
2257#endif
2258
2259/* Return an interned Unicode object for an Identifier; may fail if there is no memory.*/
2260PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) _PyUnicode_FromId(_Py_Identifier*);
2261/* Clear all static strings. */
2262PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyUnicode_ClearStaticStrings(void);
2263
2264#ifdef __cplusplus
2265}
2266#endif
2267#endif /* !Py_UNICODEOBJECT_H */
2268