parsermodule.c revision c0747cf537ca474307fc1bac8203e296e1c52834
1/*  parsermodule.c
2 *
3 *  Copyright 1995-1996 by Fred L. Drake, Jr. and Virginia Polytechnic
4 *  Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
5 *  Portions copyright 1991-1995 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum,
6 *  Amsterdam, The Netherlands.  Copying is permitted under the terms
7 *  associated with the main Python distribution, with the additional
8 *  restriction that this additional notice be included and maintained
9 *  on all distributed copies.
10 *
11 *  This module serves to replace the original parser module written
12 *  by Guido.  The functionality is not matched precisely, but the
13 *  original may be implemented on top of this.  This is desirable
14 *  since the source of the text to be parsed is now divorced from
15 *  this interface.
16 *
17 *  Unlike the prior interface, the ability to give a parse tree
18 *  produced by Python code as a tuple to the compiler is enabled by
19 *  this module.  See the documentation for more details.
20 *
21 *  I've added some annotations that help with the lint code-checking
22 *  program, but they're not complete by a long shot.  The real errors
23 *  that lint detects are gone, but there are still warnings with
24 *  Py_[X]DECREF() and Py_[X]INCREF() macros.  The lint annotations
25 *  look like "NOTE(...)".
26 */
27
28#include "Python.h"                     /* general Python API             */
29#include "Python-ast.h"                 /* mod_ty */
30#include "graminit.h"                   /* symbols defined in the grammar */
31#include "node.h"                       /* internal parser structure      */
32#include "errcode.h"                    /* error codes for PyNode_*()     */
33#include "token.h"                      /* token definitions              */
34#include "grammar.h"
35#include "parsetok.h"
36                                        /* ISTERMINAL() / ISNONTERMINAL() */
37#include "compile.h"
38#undef Yield
39#include "ast.h"
40#include "pyarena.h"
41
42extern grammar _PyParser_Grammar; /* From graminit.c */
43
44#ifdef lint
45#include <note.h>
46#else
47#define NOTE(x)
48#endif
49
50/*  String constants used to initialize module attributes.
51 *
52 */
53static char parser_copyright_string[] =
54"Copyright 1995-1996 by Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State\n\
55University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA, and Fred L. Drake, Jr., Reston,\n\
56Virginia, USA.  Portions copyright 1991-1995 by Stichting Mathematisch\n\
57Centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.";
58
59
60PyDoc_STRVAR(parser_doc_string,
61"This is an interface to Python's internal parser.");
62
63static char parser_version_string[] = "0.5";
64
65
66typedef PyObject* (*SeqMaker) (Py_ssize_t length);
67typedef int (*SeqInserter) (PyObject* sequence,
68                            Py_ssize_t index,
69                            PyObject* element);
70
71/*  The function below is copyrighted by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum.  The
72 *  original copyright statement is included below, and continues to apply
73 *  in full to the function immediately following.  All other material is
74 *  original, copyrighted by Fred L. Drake, Jr. and Virginia Polytechnic
75 *  Institute and State University.  Changes were made to comply with the
76 *  new naming conventions.  Added arguments to provide support for creating
77 *  lists as well as tuples, and optionally including the line numbers.
78 */
79
80
81static PyObject*
82node2tuple(node *n,                     /* node to convert               */
83           SeqMaker mkseq,              /* create sequence               */
84           SeqInserter addelem,         /* func. to add elem. in seq.    */
85           int lineno,                  /* include line numbers?         */
86           int col_offset)              /* include column offsets?       */
87{
88    if (n == NULL) {
89        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
90        return (Py_None);
91    }
92    if (ISNONTERMINAL(TYPE(n))) {
93        int i;
94        PyObject *v;
95        PyObject *w;
96
97        v = mkseq(1 + NCH(n) + (TYPE(n) == encoding_decl));
98        if (v == NULL)
99            return (v);
100        w = PyLong_FromLong(TYPE(n));
101        if (w == NULL) {
102            Py_DECREF(v);
103            return ((PyObject*) NULL);
104        }
105        (void) addelem(v, 0, w);
106        for (i = 0; i < NCH(n); i++) {
107            w = node2tuple(CHILD(n, i), mkseq, addelem, lineno, col_offset);
108            if (w == NULL) {
109                Py_DECREF(v);
110                return ((PyObject*) NULL);
111            }
112            (void) addelem(v, i+1, w);
113        }
114
115        if (TYPE(n) == encoding_decl)
116            (void) addelem(v, i+1, PyUnicode_FromString(STR(n)));
117        return (v);
118    }
119    else if (ISTERMINAL(TYPE(n))) {
120        PyObject *result = mkseq(2 + lineno + col_offset);
121        if (result != NULL) {
122            (void) addelem(result, 0, PyLong_FromLong(TYPE(n)));
123            (void) addelem(result, 1, PyUnicode_FromString(STR(n)));
124            if (lineno == 1)
125                (void) addelem(result, 2, PyLong_FromLong(n->n_lineno));
126            if (col_offset == 1)
127                (void) addelem(result, 3, PyLong_FromLong(n->n_col_offset));
128        }
129        return (result);
130    }
131    else {
132        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
133                        "unrecognized parse tree node type");
134        return ((PyObject*) NULL);
135    }
136}
137/*
138 *  End of material copyrighted by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum.
139 */
140
141
142
143/*  There are two types of intermediate objects we're interested in:
144 *  'eval' and 'exec' types.  These constants can be used in the st_type
145 *  field of the object type to identify which any given object represents.
146 *  These should probably go in an external header to allow other extensions
147 *  to use them, but then, we really should be using C++ too.  ;-)
148 */
149
150#define PyST_EXPR  1
151#define PyST_SUITE 2
152
153
154/*  These are the internal objects and definitions required to implement the
155 *  ST type.  Most of the internal names are more reminiscent of the 'old'
156 *  naming style, but the code uses the new naming convention.
157 */
158
159static PyObject*
160parser_error = 0;
161
162
163typedef struct {
164    PyObject_HEAD                       /* standard object header           */
165    node* st_node;                      /* the node* returned by the parser */
166    int   st_type;                      /* EXPR or SUITE ?                  */
167    PyCompilerFlags st_flags;           /* Parser and compiler flags        */
168} PyST_Object;
169
170
171static void parser_free(PyST_Object *st);
172static int parser_compare(PyST_Object *left, PyST_Object *right);
173static PyObject* parser_compilest(PyST_Object *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
174static PyObject* parser_isexpr(PyST_Object *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
175static PyObject* parser_issuite(PyST_Object *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
176static PyObject* parser_st2list(PyST_Object *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
177static PyObject* parser_st2tuple(PyST_Object *, PyObject *, PyObject *);
178
179#define PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE (METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS)
180
181static PyMethodDef parser_methods[] = {
182    {"compile",         (PyCFunction)parser_compilest,  PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
183        PyDoc_STR("Compile this ST object into a code object.")},
184    {"isexpr",          (PyCFunction)parser_isexpr,     PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
185        PyDoc_STR("Determines if this ST object was created from an expression.")},
186    {"issuite",         (PyCFunction)parser_issuite,    PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
187        PyDoc_STR("Determines if this ST object was created from a suite.")},
188    {"tolist",          (PyCFunction)parser_st2list,    PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
189        PyDoc_STR("Creates a list-tree representation of this ST.")},
190    {"totuple",         (PyCFunction)parser_st2tuple,   PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
191        PyDoc_STR("Creates a tuple-tree representation of this ST.")},
192
193    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
194};
195
196static
197PyTypeObject PyST_Type = {
198    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
199    "parser.st",                        /* tp_name              */
200    (int) sizeof(PyST_Object),          /* tp_basicsize         */
201    0,                                  /* tp_itemsize          */
202    (destructor)parser_free,            /* tp_dealloc           */
203    0,                                  /* tp_print             */
204    0,                                  /* tp_getattr           */
205    0,                                  /* tp_setattr           */
206    (cmpfunc)parser_compare,            /* tp_compare           */
207    0,                                  /* tp_repr              */
208    0,                                  /* tp_as_number         */
209    0,                                  /* tp_as_sequence       */
210    0,                                  /* tp_as_mapping        */
211    0,                                  /* tp_hash              */
212    0,                                  /* tp_call              */
213    0,                                  /* tp_str               */
214    0,                                  /* tp_getattro          */
215    0,                                  /* tp_setattro          */
216
217    /* Functions to access object as input/output buffer */
218    0,                                  /* tp_as_buffer         */
219
220    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,                 /* tp_flags             */
221
222    /* __doc__ */
223    "Intermediate representation of a Python parse tree.",
224    0,                                  /* tp_traverse */
225    0,                                  /* tp_clear */
226    0,                                  /* tp_richcompare */
227    0,                                  /* tp_weaklistoffset */
228    0,                                  /* tp_iter */
229    0,                                  /* tp_iternext */
230    parser_methods,                     /* tp_methods */
231};  /* PyST_Type */
232
233
234static int
235parser_compare_nodes(node *left, node *right)
236{
237    int j;
238
239    if (TYPE(left) < TYPE(right))
240        return (-1);
241
242    if (TYPE(right) < TYPE(left))
243        return (1);
244
245    if (ISTERMINAL(TYPE(left)))
246        return (strcmp(STR(left), STR(right)));
247
248    if (NCH(left) < NCH(right))
249        return (-1);
250
251    if (NCH(right) < NCH(left))
252        return (1);
253
254    for (j = 0; j < NCH(left); ++j) {
255        int v = parser_compare_nodes(CHILD(left, j), CHILD(right, j));
256
257        if (v != 0)
258            return (v);
259    }
260    return (0);
261}
262
263
264/*  int parser_compare(PyST_Object* left, PyST_Object* right)
265 *
266 *  Comparison function used by the Python operators ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
267 *  This really just wraps a call to parser_compare_nodes() with some easy
268 *  checks and protection code.
269 *
270 */
271static int
272parser_compare(PyST_Object *left, PyST_Object *right)
273{
274    if (left == right)
275        return (0);
276
277    if ((left == 0) || (right == 0))
278        return (-1);
279
280    return (parser_compare_nodes(left->st_node, right->st_node));
281}
282
283
284/*  parser_newstobject(node* st)
285 *
286 *  Allocates a new Python object representing an ST.  This is simply the
287 *  'wrapper' object that holds a node* and allows it to be passed around in
288 *  Python code.
289 *
290 */
291static PyObject*
292parser_newstobject(node *st, int type)
293{
294    PyST_Object* o = PyObject_New(PyST_Object, &PyST_Type);
295
296    if (o != 0) {
297        o->st_node = st;
298        o->st_type = type;
299        o->st_flags.cf_flags = 0;
300    }
301    else {
302        PyNode_Free(st);
303    }
304    return ((PyObject*)o);
305}
306
307
308/*  void parser_free(PyST_Object* st)
309 *
310 *  This is called by a del statement that reduces the reference count to 0.
311 *
312 */
313static void
314parser_free(PyST_Object *st)
315{
316    PyNode_Free(st->st_node);
317    PyObject_Del(st);
318}
319
320
321/*  parser_st2tuple(PyObject* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kw)
322 *
323 *  This provides conversion from a node* to a tuple object that can be
324 *  returned to the Python-level caller.  The ST object is not modified.
325 *
326 */
327static PyObject*
328parser_st2tuple(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
329{
330    PyObject *line_option = 0;
331    PyObject *col_option = 0;
332    PyObject *res = 0;
333    int ok;
334
335    static char *keywords[] = {"st", "line_info", "col_info", NULL};
336
337    if (self == NULL || PyModule_Check(self)) {
338        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "O!|OO:st2tuple", keywords,
339                                         &PyST_Type, &self, &line_option,
340                                         &col_option);
341    }
342    else
343        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "|OO:totuple", &keywords[1],
344                                         &line_option, &col_option);
345    if (ok != 0) {
346        int lineno = 0;
347        int col_offset = 0;
348        if (line_option != NULL) {
349            lineno = (PyObject_IsTrue(line_option) != 0) ? 1 : 0;
350        }
351        if (col_option != NULL) {
352            col_offset = (PyObject_IsTrue(col_option) != 0) ? 1 : 0;
353        }
354        /*
355         *  Convert ST into a tuple representation.  Use Guido's function,
356         *  since it's known to work already.
357         */
358        res = node2tuple(((PyST_Object*)self)->st_node,
359                         PyTuple_New, PyTuple_SetItem, lineno, col_offset);
360    }
361    return (res);
362}
363
364
365/*  parser_st2list(PyObject* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kw)
366 *
367 *  This provides conversion from a node* to a list object that can be
368 *  returned to the Python-level caller.  The ST object is not modified.
369 *
370 */
371static PyObject*
372parser_st2list(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
373{
374    PyObject *line_option = 0;
375    PyObject *col_option = 0;
376    PyObject *res = 0;
377    int ok;
378
379    static char *keywords[] = {"st", "line_info", "col_info", NULL};
380
381    if (self == NULL || PyModule_Check(self))
382        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "O!|OO:st2list", keywords,
383                                         &PyST_Type, &self, &line_option,
384                                         &col_option);
385    else
386        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "|OO:tolist", &keywords[1],
387                                         &line_option, &col_option);
388    if (ok) {
389        int lineno = 0;
390        int col_offset = 0;
391        if (line_option != 0) {
392            lineno = PyObject_IsTrue(line_option) ? 1 : 0;
393        }
394        if (col_option != NULL) {
395            col_offset = (PyObject_IsTrue(col_option) != 0) ? 1 : 0;
396        }
397        /*
398         *  Convert ST into a tuple representation.  Use Guido's function,
399         *  since it's known to work already.
400         */
401        res = node2tuple(self->st_node,
402                         PyList_New, PyList_SetItem, lineno, col_offset);
403    }
404    return (res);
405}
406
407
408/*  parser_compilest(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
409 *
410 *  This function creates code objects from the parse tree represented by
411 *  the passed-in data object.  An optional file name is passed in as well.
412 *
413 */
414static PyObject*
415parser_compilest(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
416{
417    PyObject*     res = 0;
418    PyArena*      arena;
419    mod_ty        mod;
420    char*         str = "<syntax-tree>";
421    int ok;
422
423    static char *keywords[] = {"st", "filename", NULL};
424
425    if (self == NULL || PyModule_Check(self))
426        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "O!|s:compilest", keywords,
427                                         &PyST_Type, &self, &str);
428    else
429        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "|s:compile", &keywords[1],
430                                         &str);
431
432    if (ok) {
433        arena = PyArena_New();
434        if (arena) {
435           mod = PyAST_FromNode(self->st_node, &(self->st_flags), str, arena);
436           if (mod) {
437               res = (PyObject *)PyAST_Compile(mod, str, &(self->st_flags), arena);
438           }
439           PyArena_Free(arena);
440        }
441    }
442
443    return (res);
444}
445
446
447/*  PyObject* parser_isexpr(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
448 *  PyObject* parser_issuite(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
449 *
450 *  Checks the passed-in ST object to determine if it is an expression or
451 *  a statement suite, respectively.  The return is a Python truth value.
452 *
453 */
454static PyObject*
455parser_isexpr(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
456{
457    PyObject* res = 0;
458    int ok;
459
460    static char *keywords[] = {"st", NULL};
461
462    if (self == NULL || PyModule_Check(self))
463        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "O!:isexpr", keywords,
464                                         &PyST_Type, &self);
465    else
466        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, ":isexpr", &keywords[1]);
467
468    if (ok) {
469        /* Check to see if the ST represents an expression or not. */
470        res = (self->st_type == PyST_EXPR) ? Py_True : Py_False;
471        Py_INCREF(res);
472    }
473    return (res);
474}
475
476
477static PyObject*
478parser_issuite(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
479{
480    PyObject* res = 0;
481    int ok;
482
483    static char *keywords[] = {"st", NULL};
484
485    if (self == NULL || PyModule_Check(self))
486        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "O!:issuite", keywords,
487                                         &PyST_Type, &self);
488    else
489        ok = PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, ":issuite", &keywords[1]);
490
491    if (ok) {
492        /* Check to see if the ST represents an expression or not. */
493        res = (self->st_type == PyST_EXPR) ? Py_False : Py_True;
494        Py_INCREF(res);
495    }
496    return (res);
497}
498
499
500/*  err_string(char* message)
501 *
502 *  Sets the error string for an exception of type ParserError.
503 *
504 */
505static void
506err_string(char *message)
507{
508    PyErr_SetString(parser_error, message);
509}
510
511
512/*  PyObject* parser_do_parse(PyObject* args, int type)
513 *
514 *  Internal function to actually execute the parse and return the result if
515 *  successful or set an exception if not.
516 *
517 */
518static PyObject*
519parser_do_parse(PyObject *args, PyObject *kw, char *argspec, int type)
520{
521    char*     string = 0;
522    PyObject* res    = 0;
523    int flags        = 0;
524    perrdetail err;
525
526    static char *keywords[] = {"source", NULL};
527
528    if (PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, argspec, keywords, &string)) {
529        node* n = PyParser_ParseStringFlagsFilenameEx(string, NULL,
530                                                       &_PyParser_Grammar,
531                                                      (type == PyST_EXPR)
532                                                      ? eval_input : file_input,
533                                                      &err, &flags);
534
535	if (n) {
536	    res = parser_newstobject(n, type);
537            if (res)
538                ((PyST_Object *)res)->st_flags.cf_flags = flags & PyCF_MASK;
539        }
540        else
541            PyParser_SetError(&err);
542    }
543    return (res);
544}
545
546
547/*  PyObject* parser_expr(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
548 *  PyObject* parser_suite(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
549 *
550 *  External interfaces to the parser itself.  Which is called determines if
551 *  the parser attempts to recognize an expression ('eval' form) or statement
552 *  suite ('exec' form).  The real work is done by parser_do_parse() above.
553 *
554 */
555static PyObject*
556parser_expr(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
557{
558    NOTE(ARGUNUSED(self))
559    return (parser_do_parse(args, kw, "s:expr", PyST_EXPR));
560}
561
562
563static PyObject*
564parser_suite(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
565{
566    NOTE(ARGUNUSED(self))
567    return (parser_do_parse(args, kw, "s:suite", PyST_SUITE));
568}
569
570
571
572/*  This is the messy part of the code.  Conversion from a tuple to an ST
573 *  object requires that the input tuple be valid without having to rely on
574 *  catching an exception from the compiler.  This is done to allow the
575 *  compiler itself to remain fast, since most of its input will come from
576 *  the parser directly, and therefore be known to be syntactically correct.
577 *  This validation is done to ensure that we don't core dump the compile
578 *  phase, returning an exception instead.
579 *
580 *  Two aspects can be broken out in this code:  creating a node tree from
581 *  the tuple passed in, and verifying that it is indeed valid.  It may be
582 *  advantageous to expand the number of ST types to include funcdefs and
583 *  lambdadefs to take advantage of the optimizer, recognizing those STs
584 *  here.  They are not necessary, and not quite as useful in a raw form.
585 *  For now, let's get expressions and suites working reliably.
586 */
587
588
589static node* build_node_tree(PyObject *tuple);
590static int   validate_expr_tree(node *tree);
591static int   validate_file_input(node *tree);
592static int   validate_encoding_decl(node *tree);
593
594/*  PyObject* parser_tuple2st(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
595 *
596 *  This is the public function, called from the Python code.  It receives a
597 *  single tuple object from the caller, and creates an ST object if the
598 *  tuple can be validated.  It does this by checking the first code of the
599 *  tuple, and, if acceptable, builds the internal representation.  If this
600 *  step succeeds, the internal representation is validated as fully as
601 *  possible with the various validate_*() routines defined below.
602 *
603 *  This function must be changed if support is to be added for PyST_FRAGMENT
604 *  ST objects.
605 *
606 */
607static PyObject*
608parser_tuple2st(PyST_Object *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
609{
610    NOTE(ARGUNUSED(self))
611    PyObject *st = 0;
612    PyObject *tuple;
613    node *tree;
614
615    static char *keywords[] = {"sequence", NULL};
616
617    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kw, "O:sequence2st", keywords,
618                                     &tuple))
619        return (0);
620    if (!PySequence_Check(tuple)) {
621        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
622                        "sequence2st() requires a single sequence argument");
623        return (0);
624    }
625    /*
626     *  Convert the tree to the internal form before checking it.
627     */
628    tree = build_node_tree(tuple);
629    if (tree != 0) {
630        int start_sym = TYPE(tree);
631        if (start_sym == eval_input) {
632            /*  Might be an eval form.  */
633            if (validate_expr_tree(tree))
634                st = parser_newstobject(tree, PyST_EXPR);
635            else
636                PyNode_Free(tree);
637        }
638        else if (start_sym == file_input) {
639            /*  This looks like an exec form so far.  */
640            if (validate_file_input(tree))
641                st = parser_newstobject(tree, PyST_SUITE);
642            else
643                PyNode_Free(tree);
644        }
645        else if (start_sym == encoding_decl) {
646            /* This looks like an encoding_decl so far. */
647            if (validate_encoding_decl(tree))
648                st = parser_newstobject(tree, PyST_SUITE);
649            else
650                PyNode_Free(tree);
651        }
652        else {
653            /*  This is a fragment, at best. */
654            PyNode_Free(tree);
655            err_string("parse tree does not use a valid start symbol");
656        }
657    }
658    /*  Make sure we throw an exception on all errors.  We should never
659     *  get this, but we'd do well to be sure something is done.
660     */
661    if (st == NULL && !PyErr_Occurred())
662        err_string("unspecified ST error occurred");
663
664    return st;
665}
666
667
668/*  node* build_node_children()
669 *
670 *  Iterate across the children of the current non-terminal node and build
671 *  their structures.  If successful, return the root of this portion of
672 *  the tree, otherwise, 0.  Any required exception will be specified already,
673 *  and no memory will have been deallocated.
674 *
675 */
676static node*
677build_node_children(PyObject *tuple, node *root, int *line_num)
678{
679    Py_ssize_t len = PyObject_Size(tuple);
680    Py_ssize_t i;
681    int  err;
682
683    for (i = 1; i < len; ++i) {
684        /* elem must always be a sequence, however simple */
685        PyObject* elem = PySequence_GetItem(tuple, i);
686        int ok = elem != NULL;
687        long  type = 0;
688        char *strn = 0;
689
690        if (ok)
691            ok = PySequence_Check(elem);
692        if (ok) {
693            PyObject *temp = PySequence_GetItem(elem, 0);
694            if (temp == NULL)
695                ok = 0;
696            else {
697                ok = PyLong_Check(temp);
698                if (ok)
699                    type = PyLong_AS_LONG(temp);
700                Py_DECREF(temp);
701            }
702        }
703        if (!ok) {
704            PyObject *err = Py_BuildValue("os", elem,
705                                          "Illegal node construct.");
706            PyErr_SetObject(parser_error, err);
707            Py_XDECREF(err);
708            Py_XDECREF(elem);
709            return (0);
710        }
711        if (ISTERMINAL(type)) {
712            Py_ssize_t len = PyObject_Size(elem);
713            PyObject *temp;
714            const char *temp_str;
715
716            if ((len != 2) && (len != 3)) {
717                err_string("terminal nodes must have 2 or 3 entries");
718                return 0;
719            }
720            temp = PySequence_GetItem(elem, 1);
721            if (temp == NULL)
722                return 0;
723            if (!PyUnicode_Check(temp)) {
724                PyErr_Format(parser_error,
725                             "second item in terminal node must be a string,"
726                             " found %s",
727                             Py_TYPE(temp)->tp_name);
728                Py_DECREF(temp);
729                Py_DECREF(elem);
730                return 0;
731            }
732            if (len == 3) {
733                PyObject *o = PySequence_GetItem(elem, 2);
734                if (o != NULL) {
735                    if (PyLong_Check(o))
736                        *line_num = PyLong_AS_LONG(o);
737                    else {
738                        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
739                                     "third item in terminal node must be an"
740                                     " integer, found %s",
741				     Py_TYPE(temp)->tp_name);
742                        Py_DECREF(o);
743                        Py_DECREF(temp);
744                        Py_DECREF(elem);
745                        return 0;
746                    }
747                    Py_DECREF(o);
748                }
749            }
750            temp_str = _PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize(temp, &len);
751            strn = (char *)PyObject_MALLOC(len + 1);
752            if (strn != NULL)
753                (void) memcpy(strn, temp_str, len + 1);
754            Py_DECREF(temp);
755        }
756        else if (!ISNONTERMINAL(type)) {
757            /*
758             *  It has to be one or the other; this is an error.
759             *  Throw an exception.
760             */
761            PyObject *err = Py_BuildValue("os", elem, "unknown node type.");
762            PyErr_SetObject(parser_error, err);
763            Py_XDECREF(err);
764            Py_XDECREF(elem);
765            return (0);
766        }
767        err = PyNode_AddChild(root, type, strn, *line_num, 0);
768        if (err == E_NOMEM) {
769            Py_XDECREF(elem);
770            PyObject_FREE(strn);
771            return (node *) PyErr_NoMemory();
772        }
773        if (err == E_OVERFLOW) {
774            Py_XDECREF(elem);
775            PyObject_FREE(strn);
776            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
777                            "unsupported number of child nodes");
778            return NULL;
779        }
780
781        if (ISNONTERMINAL(type)) {
782            node* new_child = CHILD(root, i - 1);
783
784            if (new_child != build_node_children(elem, new_child, line_num)) {
785                Py_XDECREF(elem);
786                return (0);
787            }
788        }
789        else if (type == NEWLINE) {     /* It's true:  we increment the     */
790            ++(*line_num);              /* line number *after* the newline! */
791        }
792        Py_XDECREF(elem);
793    }
794    return root;
795}
796
797
798static node*
799build_node_tree(PyObject *tuple)
800{
801    node* res = 0;
802    PyObject *temp = PySequence_GetItem(tuple, 0);
803    long num = -1;
804
805    if (temp != NULL)
806        num = PyLong_AsLong(temp);
807    Py_XDECREF(temp);
808    if (ISTERMINAL(num)) {
809        /*
810         *  The tuple is simple, but it doesn't start with a start symbol.
811         *  Throw an exception now and be done with it.
812         */
813        tuple = Py_BuildValue("os", tuple,
814                    "Illegal syntax-tree; cannot start with terminal symbol.");
815        PyErr_SetObject(parser_error, tuple);
816        Py_XDECREF(tuple);
817    }
818    else if (ISNONTERMINAL(num)) {
819        /*
820         *  Not efficient, but that can be handled later.
821         */
822        int line_num = 0;
823        PyObject *encoding = NULL;
824
825        if (num == encoding_decl) {
826            encoding = PySequence_GetItem(tuple, 2);
827            /* tuple isn't borrowed anymore here, need to DECREF */
828            tuple = PySequence_GetSlice(tuple, 0, 2);
829        }
830        res = PyNode_New(num);
831        if (res != NULL) {
832            if (res != build_node_children(tuple, res, &line_num)) {
833                PyNode_Free(res);
834                res = NULL;
835            }
836            if (res && encoding) {
837                Py_ssize_t len;
838                const char *temp;
839                temp = _PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize(encoding, &len);
840                res->n_str = (char *)PyObject_MALLOC(len + 1);
841                if (res->n_str != NULL && temp != NULL)
842                    (void) memcpy(res->n_str, temp, len + 1);
843                Py_DECREF(encoding);
844                Py_DECREF(tuple);
845            }
846        }
847    }
848    else {
849        /*  The tuple is illegal -- if the number is neither TERMINAL nor
850         *  NONTERMINAL, we can't use it.  Not sure the implementation
851         *  allows this condition, but the API doesn't preclude it.
852         */
853        PyObject *err = Py_BuildValue("os", tuple,
854                                      "Illegal component tuple.");
855        PyErr_SetObject(parser_error, err);
856        Py_XDECREF(err);
857    }
858
859    return (res);
860}
861
862
863/*
864 *  Validation routines used within the validation section:
865 */
866static int validate_terminal(node *terminal, int type, char *string);
867
868#define validate_ampersand(ch)  validate_terminal(ch,      AMPER, "&")
869#define validate_circumflex(ch) validate_terminal(ch, CIRCUMFLEX, "^")
870#define validate_colon(ch)      validate_terminal(ch,      COLON, ":")
871#define validate_comma(ch)      validate_terminal(ch,      COMMA, ",")
872#define validate_dedent(ch)     validate_terminal(ch,     DEDENT, "")
873#define validate_equal(ch)      validate_terminal(ch,      EQUAL, "=")
874#define validate_indent(ch)     validate_terminal(ch,     INDENT, (char*)NULL)
875#define validate_lparen(ch)     validate_terminal(ch,       LPAR, "(")
876#define validate_newline(ch)    validate_terminal(ch,    NEWLINE, (char*)NULL)
877#define validate_rparen(ch)     validate_terminal(ch,       RPAR, ")")
878#define validate_semi(ch)       validate_terminal(ch,       SEMI, ";")
879#define validate_star(ch)       validate_terminal(ch,       STAR, "*")
880#define validate_vbar(ch)       validate_terminal(ch,       VBAR, "|")
881#define validate_doublestar(ch) validate_terminal(ch, DOUBLESTAR, "**")
882#define validate_dot(ch)        validate_terminal(ch,        DOT, ".")
883#define validate_at(ch)         validate_terminal(ch,         AT, "@")
884#define validate_name(ch, str)  validate_terminal(ch,       NAME, str)
885
886#define VALIDATER(n)    static int validate_##n(node *tree)
887
888VALIDATER(node);                VALIDATER(small_stmt);
889VALIDATER(class);               VALIDATER(node);
890VALIDATER(parameters);          VALIDATER(suite);
891VALIDATER(testlist);            VALIDATER(varargslist);
892VALIDATER(vfpdef);
893VALIDATER(stmt);                VALIDATER(simple_stmt);
894VALIDATER(expr_stmt);           VALIDATER(power);
895VALIDATER(del_stmt);
896VALIDATER(return_stmt);         VALIDATER(raise_stmt);
897VALIDATER(import_stmt);         VALIDATER(import_stmt);
898VALIDATER(import_name);         VALIDATER(yield_stmt);
899VALIDATER(global_stmt);         VALIDATER(assert_stmt);
900VALIDATER(compound_stmt);
901VALIDATER(while);               VALIDATER(for);
902VALIDATER(try);                 VALIDATER(except_clause);
903VALIDATER(test);                VALIDATER(and_test);
904VALIDATER(not_test);            VALIDATER(comparison);
905VALIDATER(comp_op);
906VALIDATER(star_expr);           VALIDATER(expr);
907VALIDATER(xor_expr);            VALIDATER(and_expr);
908VALIDATER(shift_expr);          VALIDATER(arith_expr);
909VALIDATER(term);                VALIDATER(factor);
910VALIDATER(atom);                VALIDATER(lambdef);
911VALIDATER(trailer);             VALIDATER(subscript);
912VALIDATER(subscriptlist);       VALIDATER(sliceop);
913VALIDATER(exprlist);            VALIDATER(dictorsetmaker);
914VALIDATER(arglist);             VALIDATER(argument);
915VALIDATER(testlist1);           VALIDATER(comp_for);
916VALIDATER(comp_iter);           VALIDATER(comp_if);
917VALIDATER(testlist_comp);       VALIDATER(yield_expr);
918VALIDATER(yield_or_testlist);   VALIDATER(or_test);
919VALIDATER(test_nocond);         VALIDATER(lambdef_nocond);
920
921#undef VALIDATER
922
923#define is_even(n)      (((n) & 1) == 0)
924#define is_odd(n)       (((n) & 1) == 1)
925
926
927static int
928validate_ntype(node *n, int t)
929{
930    if (TYPE(n) != t) {
931        PyErr_Format(parser_error, "Expected node type %d, got %d.",
932                     t, TYPE(n));
933        return 0;
934    }
935    return 1;
936}
937
938
939/*  Verifies that the number of child nodes is exactly 'num', raising
940 *  an exception if it isn't.  The exception message does not indicate
941 *  the exact number of nodes, allowing this to be used to raise the
942 *  "right" exception when the wrong number of nodes is present in a
943 *  specific variant of a statement's syntax.  This is commonly used
944 *  in that fashion.
945 */
946static int
947validate_numnodes(node *n, int num, const char *const name)
948{
949    if (NCH(n) != num) {
950        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
951                     "Illegal number of children for %s node.", name);
952        return 0;
953    }
954    return 1;
955}
956
957
958static int
959validate_terminal(node *terminal, int type, char *string)
960{
961    int res = (validate_ntype(terminal, type)
962               && ((string == 0) || (strcmp(string, STR(terminal)) == 0)));
963
964    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred()) {
965        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
966                     "Illegal terminal: expected \"%s\"", string);
967    }
968    return (res);
969}
970
971
972/*  X (',' X) [',']
973 */
974static int
975validate_repeating_list(node *tree, int ntype, int (*vfunc)(node *),
976                        const char *const name)
977{
978    int nch = NCH(tree);
979    int res = (nch && validate_ntype(tree, ntype)
980               && vfunc(CHILD(tree, 0)));
981
982    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
983        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 1, name);
984    else {
985        if (is_even(nch))
986            res = validate_comma(CHILD(tree, --nch));
987        if (res && nch > 1) {
988            int pos = 1;
989            for ( ; res && pos < nch; pos += 2)
990                res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, pos))
991                       && vfunc(CHILD(tree, pos + 1)));
992        }
993    }
994    return (res);
995}
996
997
998/*  validate_class()
999 *
1000 *  classdef:
1001 *      'class' NAME ['(' testlist ')'] ':' suite
1002 */
1003static int
1004validate_class(node *tree)
1005{
1006    int nch = NCH(tree);
1007    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, classdef) &&
1008	       	((nch == 4) || (nch == 6) || (nch == 7)));
1009
1010    if (res) {
1011        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "class")
1012               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 1), NAME)
1013               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, nch - 2))
1014               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
1015    }
1016    else {
1017        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 4, "class");
1018    }
1019
1020    if (res) {
1021	if (nch == 7) {
1022		res = ((validate_lparen(CHILD(tree, 2)) &&
1023			validate_arglist(CHILD(tree, 3)) &&
1024			validate_rparen(CHILD(tree, 4))));
1025	}
1026	else if (nch == 6) {
1027		res = (validate_lparen(CHILD(tree,2)) &&
1028			validate_rparen(CHILD(tree,3)));
1029	}
1030    }
1031    return (res);
1032}
1033
1034
1035/*  if_stmt:
1036 *      'if' test ':' suite ('elif' test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite]
1037 */
1038static int
1039validate_if(node *tree)
1040{
1041    int nch = NCH(tree);
1042    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, if_stmt)
1043               && (nch >= 4)
1044               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "if")
1045               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 1))
1046               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 2))
1047               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 3)));
1048
1049    if (res && ((nch % 4) == 3)) {
1050        /*  ... 'else' ':' suite  */
1051        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, nch - 3), "else")
1052               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, nch - 2))
1053               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
1054        nch -= 3;
1055    }
1056    else if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
1057        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 4, "if");
1058    if ((nch % 4) != 0)
1059        /* Will catch the case for nch < 4 */
1060        res = validate_numnodes(tree, 0, "if");
1061    else if (res && (nch > 4)) {
1062        /*  ... ('elif' test ':' suite)+ ...  */
1063        int j = 4;
1064        while ((j < nch) && res) {
1065            res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, j), "elif")
1066                   && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, j + 2))
1067                   && validate_test(CHILD(tree, j + 1))
1068                   && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, j + 3)));
1069            j += 4;
1070        }
1071    }
1072    return (res);
1073}
1074
1075
1076/*  parameters:
1077 *      '(' [varargslist] ')'
1078 *
1079 */
1080static int
1081validate_parameters(node *tree)
1082{
1083    int nch = NCH(tree);
1084    int res = validate_ntype(tree, parameters) && ((nch == 2) || (nch == 3));
1085
1086    if (res) {
1087        res = (validate_lparen(CHILD(tree, 0))
1088               && validate_rparen(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
1089        if (res && (nch == 3))
1090            res = validate_varargslist(CHILD(tree, 1));
1091    }
1092    else {
1093        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "parameters");
1094    }
1095    return (res);
1096}
1097
1098
1099/*  validate_suite()
1100 *
1101 *  suite:
1102 *      simple_stmt
1103 *    | NEWLINE INDENT stmt+ DEDENT
1104 */
1105static int
1106validate_suite(node *tree)
1107{
1108    int nch = NCH(tree);
1109    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, suite) && ((nch == 1) || (nch >= 4)));
1110
1111    if (res && (nch == 1))
1112        res = validate_simple_stmt(CHILD(tree, 0));
1113    else if (res) {
1114        /*  NEWLINE INDENT stmt+ DEDENT  */
1115        res = (validate_newline(CHILD(tree, 0))
1116               && validate_indent(CHILD(tree, 1))
1117               && validate_stmt(CHILD(tree, 2))
1118               && validate_dedent(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
1119
1120        if (res && (nch > 4)) {
1121            int i = 3;
1122            --nch;                      /* forget the DEDENT     */
1123            for ( ; res && (i < nch); ++i)
1124                res = validate_stmt(CHILD(tree, i));
1125        }
1126        else if (nch < 4)
1127            res = validate_numnodes(tree, 4, "suite");
1128    }
1129    return (res);
1130}
1131
1132
1133static int
1134validate_testlist(node *tree)
1135{
1136    return (validate_repeating_list(tree, testlist,
1137                                    validate_test, "testlist"));
1138}
1139
1140
1141static int
1142validate_testlist1(node *tree)
1143{
1144    return (validate_repeating_list(tree, testlist1,
1145                                    validate_test, "testlist1"));
1146}
1147
1148
1149/* validate either vfpdef or tfpdef.
1150 * vfpdef: NAME
1151 * tfpdef: NAME [':' test]
1152 */
1153static int
1154validate_vfpdef(node *tree)
1155{
1156    int nch = NCH(tree);
1157    if (TYPE(tree) == vfpdef) {
1158        return nch == 1 && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), NULL);
1159    }
1160    else if (TYPE(tree) == tfpdef) {
1161        if (nch == 1) {
1162            return validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), NULL);
1163        }
1164        else if (nch == 3) {
1165            return validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), NULL) &&
1166                   validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 1)) &&
1167                   validate_test(CHILD(tree, 2));
1168        }
1169    }
1170    return 0;
1171}
1172
1173/* '*' vfpdef (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' '**' vfpdef] | '**' vfpdef
1174 * ..or tfpdef in place of vfpdef. vfpdef: NAME; tfpdef: NAME [':' test]
1175 */
1176static int
1177validate_varargslist_trailer(node *tree, int start)
1178{
1179    int nch = NCH(tree);
1180    int res = 0, i;
1181    int sym;
1182
1183    if (nch <= start) {
1184        err_string("expected variable argument trailer for varargslist");
1185        return 0;
1186    }
1187    sym = TYPE(CHILD(tree, start));
1188    if (sym == STAR) {
1189        /*
1190         * '*' vfpdef (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [',' '**' vfpdef] | '**' vfpdef
1191         */
1192        if (nch-start == 2)
1193            res = validate_vfpdef(CHILD(tree, start+1));
1194        else if (nch-start == 5 && TYPE(CHILD(tree, start+2)) == COMMA)
1195            res = (validate_vfpdef(CHILD(tree, start+1))
1196                   && validate_comma(CHILD(tree, start+2))
1197                   && validate_doublestar(CHILD(tree, start+3))
1198                   && validate_vfpdef(CHILD(tree, start+4)));
1199        else {
1200            /* skip over vfpdef (',' vfpdef ['=' test])*  */
1201            i = start + 1;
1202	    if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, i)) == vfpdef ||
1203	        TYPE(CHILD(tree, i)) == tfpdef) { /* skip over vfpdef or tfpdef */
1204		i += 1;
1205	    }
1206            while (res && i+1 < nch) { /* validate  (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* */
1207                res = validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i));
1208                if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, i+1)) == DOUBLESTAR)
1209                    break;
1210                res = res && validate_vfpdef(CHILD(tree, i+1));
1211                if (res && i+2 < nch && TYPE(CHILD(tree, i+2)) == EQUAL) {
1212                    res = res && (i+3 < nch)
1213                          && validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+3));
1214                    i += 4;
1215                }
1216                else {
1217                    i += 2;
1218                }
1219            }
1220            /* [',' '**' vfpdef] */
1221            if (res && i+1 < nch && TYPE(CHILD(tree, i+1)) == DOUBLESTAR) {
1222                res = validate_vfpdef(CHILD(tree, i+2));
1223            }
1224        }
1225    }
1226    else if (sym == DOUBLESTAR) {
1227        /*
1228         *  '**' NAME
1229         */
1230        if (nch-start == 2)
1231            res = validate_vfpdef(CHILD(tree, start+1));
1232    }
1233    if (!res)
1234        err_string("illegal variable argument trailer for varargslist");
1235    return res;
1236}
1237
1238
1239/* validate_varargslist()
1240 *
1241 * Validate typedargslist or varargslist.
1242 *
1243 * typedargslist: ((tfpdef ['=' test] ',')*
1244 *                 ('*' [tfpdef] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [',' '**' tfpdef] |
1245 *                  '**' tfpdef)
1246 *                 | tfpdef ['=' test] (',' tfpdef ['=' test])* [','])
1247 * tfpdef: NAME [':' test]
1248 * varargslist: ((vfpdef ['=' test] ',')*
1249 *               ('*' [vfpdef] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])*  [',' '**' vfpdef] |
1250 *                '**' vfpdef)
1251 *               | vfpdef ['=' test] (',' vfpdef ['=' test])* [','])
1252 * vfpdef: NAME
1253 *
1254 */
1255static int
1256validate_varargslist(node *tree)
1257{
1258    int nch = NCH(tree);
1259    int res = (TYPE(tree) == varargslist ||
1260               TYPE(tree) == typedargslist) &&
1261              (nch != 0);
1262    int sym;
1263    node *ch;
1264    int i = 0;
1265
1266    if (!res)
1267        return 0;
1268    if (nch < 1) {
1269        err_string("varargslist missing child nodes");
1270        return 0;
1271    }
1272    while (i < nch) {
1273        ch = CHILD(tree, i);
1274        sym = TYPE(ch);
1275        if (sym == vfpdef || sym == tfpdef) {
1276            /* validate (vfpdef ['=' test] ',')+ */
1277            res = validate_vfpdef(ch);
1278            ++i;
1279            if (res && (i+2 <= nch) && TYPE(CHILD(tree, i)) == EQUAL) {
1280                res = (validate_equal(CHILD(tree, i))
1281                       && validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+1)));
1282                if (res)
1283                  i += 2;
1284            }
1285            if (res && i < nch) {
1286                res = validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i));
1287                ++i;
1288            }
1289        } else if (sym == DOUBLESTAR || sym == STAR) {
1290            res = validate_varargslist_trailer(tree, i);
1291            break;
1292        } else {
1293            res = 0;
1294            err_string("illegal formation for varargslist");
1295        }
1296    }
1297    return res;
1298}
1299
1300
1301/*  comp_iter:  comp_for | comp_if
1302 */
1303static int
1304validate_comp_iter(node *tree)
1305{
1306    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, comp_iter)
1307               && validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "comp_iter"));
1308    if (res && TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == comp_for)
1309        res = validate_comp_for(CHILD(tree, 0));
1310    else
1311        res = validate_comp_if(CHILD(tree, 0));
1312
1313    return res;
1314}
1315
1316/*  comp_for:  'for' exprlist 'in' test [comp_iter]
1317 */
1318static int
1319validate_comp_for(node *tree)
1320{
1321    int nch = NCH(tree);
1322    int res;
1323
1324    if (nch == 5)
1325        res = validate_comp_iter(CHILD(tree, 4));
1326    else
1327        res = validate_numnodes(tree, 4, "comp_for");
1328
1329    if (res)
1330        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "for")
1331               && validate_exprlist(CHILD(tree, 1))
1332               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 2), "in")
1333               && validate_or_test(CHILD(tree, 3)));
1334
1335    return res;
1336}
1337
1338/*  comp_if:  'if' test_nocond [comp_iter]
1339 */
1340static int
1341validate_comp_if(node *tree)
1342{
1343    int nch = NCH(tree);
1344    int res;
1345
1346    if (nch == 3)
1347        res = validate_comp_iter(CHILD(tree, 2));
1348    else
1349        res = validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "comp_if");
1350
1351    if (res)
1352        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "if")
1353               && validate_test_nocond(CHILD(tree, 1)));
1354
1355    return res;
1356}
1357
1358
1359/*  simple_stmt | compound_stmt
1360 *
1361 */
1362static int
1363validate_stmt(node *tree)
1364{
1365    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, stmt)
1366               && validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "stmt"));
1367
1368    if (res) {
1369        tree = CHILD(tree, 0);
1370
1371        if (TYPE(tree) == simple_stmt)
1372            res = validate_simple_stmt(tree);
1373        else
1374            res = validate_compound_stmt(tree);
1375    }
1376    return (res);
1377}
1378
1379
1380/*  small_stmt (';' small_stmt)* [';'] NEWLINE
1381 *
1382 */
1383static int
1384validate_simple_stmt(node *tree)
1385{
1386    int nch = NCH(tree);
1387    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, simple_stmt)
1388               && (nch >= 2)
1389               && validate_small_stmt(CHILD(tree, 0))
1390               && validate_newline(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
1391
1392    if (nch < 2)
1393        res = validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "simple_stmt");
1394    --nch;                              /* forget the NEWLINE    */
1395    if (res && is_even(nch))
1396        res = validate_semi(CHILD(tree, --nch));
1397    if (res && (nch > 2)) {
1398        int i;
1399
1400        for (i = 1; res && (i < nch); i += 2)
1401            res = (validate_semi(CHILD(tree, i))
1402                   && validate_small_stmt(CHILD(tree, i + 1)));
1403    }
1404    return (res);
1405}
1406
1407
1408static int
1409validate_small_stmt(node *tree)
1410{
1411    int nch = NCH(tree);
1412    int res = validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "small_stmt");
1413
1414    if (res) {
1415        int ntype = TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0));
1416
1417        if (  (ntype == expr_stmt)
1418              || (ntype == del_stmt)
1419              || (ntype == pass_stmt)
1420              || (ntype == flow_stmt)
1421              || (ntype == import_stmt)
1422              || (ntype == global_stmt)
1423              || (ntype == assert_stmt))
1424            res = validate_node(CHILD(tree, 0));
1425        else {
1426            res = 0;
1427            err_string("illegal small_stmt child type");
1428        }
1429    }
1430    else if (nch == 1) {
1431        res = 0;
1432        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
1433                     "Unrecognized child node of small_stmt: %d.",
1434                     TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1435    }
1436    return (res);
1437}
1438
1439
1440/*  compound_stmt:
1441 *      if_stmt | while_stmt | for_stmt | try_stmt | funcdef | classdef | decorated
1442 */
1443static int
1444validate_compound_stmt(node *tree)
1445{
1446    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, compound_stmt)
1447               && validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "compound_stmt"));
1448    int ntype;
1449
1450    if (!res)
1451        return (0);
1452
1453    tree = CHILD(tree, 0);
1454    ntype = TYPE(tree);
1455    if (  (ntype == if_stmt)
1456          || (ntype == while_stmt)
1457          || (ntype == for_stmt)
1458          || (ntype == try_stmt)
1459          || (ntype == funcdef)
1460          || (ntype == classdef)
1461          || (ntype == decorated))
1462        res = validate_node(tree);
1463    else {
1464        res = 0;
1465        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
1466                     "Illegal compound statement type: %d.", TYPE(tree));
1467    }
1468    return (res);
1469}
1470
1471static int
1472validate_yield_or_testlist(node *tree)
1473{
1474	if (TYPE(tree) == yield_expr)
1475		return validate_yield_expr(tree);
1476	else
1477		return validate_testlist(tree);
1478}
1479
1480static int
1481validate_expr_stmt(node *tree)
1482{
1483    int j;
1484    int nch = NCH(tree);
1485    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, expr_stmt)
1486               && is_odd(nch)
1487               && validate_testlist(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1488
1489    if (res && nch == 3
1490        && TYPE(CHILD(tree, 1)) == augassign) {
1491        res = validate_numnodes(CHILD(tree, 1), 1, "augassign")
1492		&& validate_yield_or_testlist(CHILD(tree, 2));
1493
1494        if (res) {
1495            char *s = STR(CHILD(CHILD(tree, 1), 0));
1496
1497            res = (strcmp(s, "+=") == 0
1498                   || strcmp(s, "-=") == 0
1499                   || strcmp(s, "*=") == 0
1500                   || strcmp(s, "/=") == 0
1501                   || strcmp(s, "//=") == 0
1502                   || strcmp(s, "%=") == 0
1503                   || strcmp(s, "&=") == 0
1504                   || strcmp(s, "|=") == 0
1505                   || strcmp(s, "^=") == 0
1506                   || strcmp(s, "<<=") == 0
1507                   || strcmp(s, ">>=") == 0
1508                   || strcmp(s, "**=") == 0);
1509            if (!res)
1510                err_string("illegal augmmented assignment operator");
1511        }
1512    }
1513    else {
1514        for (j = 1; res && (j < nch); j += 2)
1515            res = validate_equal(CHILD(tree, j))
1516                   && validate_yield_or_testlist(CHILD(tree, j + 1));
1517    }
1518    return (res);
1519}
1520
1521
1522static int
1523validate_del_stmt(node *tree)
1524{
1525    return (validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "del_stmt")
1526            && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "del")
1527            && validate_exprlist(CHILD(tree, 1)));
1528}
1529
1530
1531static int
1532validate_return_stmt(node *tree)
1533{
1534    int nch = NCH(tree);
1535    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, return_stmt)
1536               && ((nch == 1) || (nch == 2))
1537               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "return"));
1538
1539    if (res && (nch == 2))
1540        res = validate_testlist(CHILD(tree, 1));
1541
1542    return (res);
1543}
1544
1545
1546static int
1547validate_raise_stmt(node *tree)
1548{
1549    int nch = NCH(tree);
1550    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, raise_stmt)
1551               && ((nch == 1) || (nch == 2) || (nch == 4) || (nch == 6)));
1552
1553    if (res) {
1554        res = validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "raise");
1555        if (res && (nch >= 2))
1556            res = validate_test(CHILD(tree, 1));
1557        if (res && nch > 2) {
1558            res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, 2))
1559                   && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 3)));
1560            if (res && (nch > 4))
1561                res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, 4))
1562                       && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 5)));
1563        }
1564    }
1565    else
1566        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "raise");
1567    if (res && (nch == 4))
1568        res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, 2))
1569               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 3)));
1570
1571    return (res);
1572}
1573
1574
1575/* yield_expr: 'yield' [testlist]
1576 */
1577static int
1578validate_yield_expr(node *tree)
1579{
1580    int nch = NCH(tree);
1581    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, yield_expr)
1582               && ((nch == 1) || (nch == 2))
1583               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "yield"));
1584
1585    if (res && (nch == 2))
1586        res = validate_testlist(CHILD(tree, 1));
1587
1588    return (res);
1589}
1590
1591
1592/* yield_stmt: yield_expr
1593 */
1594static int
1595validate_yield_stmt(node *tree)
1596{
1597    return (validate_ntype(tree, yield_stmt)
1598            && validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "yield_stmt")
1599            && validate_yield_expr(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1600}
1601
1602
1603static int
1604validate_import_as_name(node *tree)
1605{
1606    int nch = NCH(tree);
1607    int ok = validate_ntype(tree, import_as_name);
1608
1609    if (ok) {
1610        if (nch == 1)
1611            ok = validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), NULL);
1612        else if (nch == 3)
1613            ok = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), NULL)
1614                  && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 1), "as")
1615                  && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 2), NULL));
1616        else
1617            ok = validate_numnodes(tree, 3, "import_as_name");
1618    }
1619    return ok;
1620}
1621
1622
1623/* dotted_name:  NAME ("." NAME)*
1624 */
1625static int
1626validate_dotted_name(node *tree)
1627{
1628    int nch = NCH(tree);
1629    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, dotted_name)
1630               && is_odd(nch)
1631               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), NULL));
1632    int i;
1633
1634    for (i = 1; res && (i < nch); i += 2) {
1635        res = (validate_dot(CHILD(tree, i))
1636               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, i+1), NULL));
1637    }
1638    return res;
1639}
1640
1641
1642/* dotted_as_name:  dotted_name [NAME NAME]
1643 */
1644static int
1645validate_dotted_as_name(node *tree)
1646{
1647    int nch = NCH(tree);
1648    int res = validate_ntype(tree, dotted_as_name);
1649
1650    if (res) {
1651        if (nch == 1)
1652            res = validate_dotted_name(CHILD(tree, 0));
1653        else if (nch == 3)
1654            res = (validate_dotted_name(CHILD(tree, 0))
1655                   && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 1), "as")
1656                   && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 2), NULL));
1657        else {
1658            res = 0;
1659            err_string("illegal number of children for dotted_as_name");
1660        }
1661    }
1662    return res;
1663}
1664
1665
1666/* dotted_as_name (',' dotted_as_name)* */
1667static int
1668validate_dotted_as_names(node *tree)
1669{
1670	int nch = NCH(tree);
1671	int res = is_odd(nch) && validate_dotted_as_name(CHILD(tree, 0));
1672	int i;
1673
1674	for (i = 1; res && (i < nch); i += 2)
1675	    res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i))
1676		   && validate_dotted_as_name(CHILD(tree, i + 1)));
1677	return (res);
1678}
1679
1680
1681/* import_as_name (',' import_as_name)* [','] */
1682static int
1683validate_import_as_names(node *tree)
1684{
1685    int nch = NCH(tree);
1686    int res = validate_import_as_name(CHILD(tree, 0));
1687    int i;
1688
1689    for (i = 1; res && (i + 1 < nch); i += 2)
1690	res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i))
1691	       && validate_import_as_name(CHILD(tree, i + 1)));
1692    return (res);
1693}
1694
1695
1696/* 'import' dotted_as_names */
1697static int
1698validate_import_name(node *tree)
1699{
1700	return (validate_ntype(tree, import_name)
1701		&& validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "import_name")
1702		&& validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "import")
1703		&& validate_dotted_as_names(CHILD(tree, 1)));
1704}
1705
1706/* Helper function to count the number of leading dots in
1707 * 'from ...module import name'
1708 */
1709static int
1710count_from_dots(node *tree)
1711{
1712        int i;
1713        for (i = 1; i < NCH(tree); i++)
1714		if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, i)) != DOT)
1715			break;
1716        return i-1;
1717}
1718
1719/* 'from' ('.'* dotted_name | '.') 'import' ('*' | '(' import_as_names ')' |
1720 *     import_as_names
1721 */
1722static int
1723validate_import_from(node *tree)
1724{
1725	int nch = NCH(tree);
1726	int ndots = count_from_dots(tree);
1727	int havename = (TYPE(CHILD(tree, ndots + 1)) == dotted_name);
1728	int offset = ndots + havename;
1729	int res = validate_ntype(tree, import_from)
1730		&& (nch >= 4 + ndots)
1731		&& validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "from")
1732		&& (!havename || validate_dotted_name(CHILD(tree, ndots + 1)))
1733		&& validate_name(CHILD(tree, offset + 1), "import");
1734
1735	if (res && TYPE(CHILD(tree, offset + 2)) == LPAR)
1736	    res = ((nch == offset + 5)
1737		   && validate_lparen(CHILD(tree, offset + 2))
1738		   && validate_import_as_names(CHILD(tree, offset + 3))
1739		   && validate_rparen(CHILD(tree, offset + 4)));
1740	else if (res && TYPE(CHILD(tree, offset + 2)) != STAR)
1741	    res = validate_import_as_names(CHILD(tree, offset + 2));
1742	return (res);
1743}
1744
1745
1746/* import_stmt: import_name | import_from */
1747static int
1748validate_import_stmt(node *tree)
1749{
1750    int nch = NCH(tree);
1751    int res = validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "import_stmt");
1752
1753    if (res) {
1754	int ntype = TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0));
1755
1756	if (ntype == import_name || ntype == import_from)
1757            res = validate_node(CHILD(tree, 0));
1758        else {
1759            res = 0;
1760            err_string("illegal import_stmt child type");
1761        }
1762    }
1763    else if (nch == 1) {
1764        res = 0;
1765        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
1766                     "Unrecognized child node of import_stmt: %d.",
1767                     TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1768    }
1769    return (res);
1770}
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775static int
1776validate_global_stmt(node *tree)
1777{
1778    int j;
1779    int nch = NCH(tree);
1780    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, global_stmt)
1781               && is_even(nch) && (nch >= 2));
1782
1783    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
1784        err_string("illegal global statement");
1785
1786    if (res)
1787        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "global")
1788               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 1), NAME));
1789    for (j = 2; res && (j < nch); j += 2)
1790        res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, j))
1791               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, j + 1), NAME));
1792
1793    return (res);
1794}
1795
1796
1797/*  assert_stmt:
1798 *
1799 *  'assert' test [',' test]
1800 */
1801static int
1802validate_assert_stmt(node *tree)
1803{
1804    int nch = NCH(tree);
1805    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, assert_stmt)
1806               && ((nch == 2) || (nch == 4))
1807               && (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "assert"))
1808               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 1)));
1809
1810    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
1811        err_string("illegal assert statement");
1812    if (res && (nch > 2))
1813        res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, 2))
1814               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 3)));
1815
1816    return (res);
1817}
1818
1819
1820static int
1821validate_while(node *tree)
1822{
1823    int nch = NCH(tree);
1824    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, while_stmt)
1825               && ((nch == 4) || (nch == 7))
1826               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "while")
1827               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 1))
1828               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 2))
1829               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 3)));
1830
1831    if (res && (nch == 7))
1832        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 4), "else")
1833               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 5))
1834               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 6)));
1835
1836    return (res);
1837}
1838
1839
1840static int
1841validate_for(node *tree)
1842{
1843    int nch = NCH(tree);
1844    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, for_stmt)
1845               && ((nch == 6) || (nch == 9))
1846               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "for")
1847               && validate_exprlist(CHILD(tree, 1))
1848               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 2), "in")
1849               && validate_testlist(CHILD(tree, 3))
1850               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 4))
1851               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 5)));
1852
1853    if (res && (nch == 9))
1854        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 6), "else")
1855               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 7))
1856               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 8)));
1857
1858    return (res);
1859}
1860
1861
1862/*  try_stmt:
1863 *      'try' ':' suite (except_clause ':' suite)+ ['else' ':' suite]
1864 *    | 'try' ':' suite 'finally' ':' suite
1865 *
1866 */
1867static int
1868validate_try(node *tree)
1869{
1870    int nch = NCH(tree);
1871    int pos = 3;
1872    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, try_stmt)
1873               && (nch >= 6) && ((nch % 3) == 0));
1874
1875    if (res)
1876        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "try")
1877               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 1))
1878               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 2))
1879               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, nch - 2))
1880               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
1881    else if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
1882        const char* name = "except";
1883        if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, nch - 3)) != except_clause)
1884            name = STR(CHILD(tree, nch - 3));
1885
1886        PyErr_Format(parser_error,
1887                     "Illegal number of children for try/%s node.", name);
1888    }
1889    /*  Skip past except_clause sections:  */
1890    while (res && (TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) == except_clause)) {
1891        res = (validate_except_clause(CHILD(tree, pos))
1892               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, pos + 1))
1893               && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, pos + 2)));
1894        pos += 3;
1895    }
1896    if (res && (pos < nch)) {
1897        res = validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, pos), NAME);
1898        if (res && (strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, pos)), "finally") == 0))
1899            res = (validate_numnodes(tree, 6, "try/finally")
1900                   && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 4))
1901                   && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, 5)));
1902        else if (res) {
1903            if (nch == (pos + 3)) {
1904                res = ((strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, pos)), "except") == 0)
1905                       || (strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, pos)), "else") == 0));
1906                if (!res)
1907                    err_string("illegal trailing triple in try statement");
1908            }
1909            else if (nch == (pos + 6)) {
1910                res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, pos), "except")
1911                       && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, pos + 1))
1912                       && validate_suite(CHILD(tree, pos + 2))
1913                       && validate_name(CHILD(tree, pos + 3), "else"));
1914            }
1915            else
1916                res = validate_numnodes(tree, pos + 3, "try/except");
1917        }
1918    }
1919    return (res);
1920}
1921
1922
1923static int
1924validate_except_clause(node *tree)
1925{
1926    int nch = NCH(tree);
1927    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, except_clause)
1928               && ((nch == 1) || (nch == 2) || (nch == 4))
1929               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "except"));
1930
1931    if (res && (nch > 1))
1932        res = validate_test(CHILD(tree, 1));
1933    if (res && (nch == 4))
1934        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 2), "as")
1935               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 3), NAME));
1936
1937    return (res);
1938}
1939
1940
1941static int
1942validate_test(node *tree)
1943{
1944    int nch = NCH(tree);
1945    int res = validate_ntype(tree, test) && is_odd(nch);
1946
1947    if (res && (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == lambdef))
1948        res = ((nch == 1)
1949               && validate_lambdef(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1950    else if (res) {
1951        res = validate_or_test(CHILD(tree, 0));
1952        res = (res && (nch == 1 || (nch == 5 &&
1953            validate_name(CHILD(tree, 1), "if") &&
1954            validate_or_test(CHILD(tree, 2)) &&
1955            validate_name(CHILD(tree, 3), "else") &&
1956            validate_test(CHILD(tree, 4)))));
1957    }
1958    return (res);
1959}
1960
1961static int
1962validate_test_nocond(node *tree)
1963{
1964    int nch = NCH(tree);
1965    int res = validate_ntype(tree, test_nocond) && (nch == 1);
1966
1967    if (res && (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == lambdef_nocond))
1968        res = (validate_lambdef_nocond(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1969    else if (res) {
1970        res = (validate_or_test(CHILD(tree, 0)));
1971    }
1972    return (res);
1973}
1974
1975static int
1976validate_or_test(node *tree)
1977{
1978    int nch = NCH(tree);
1979    int res = validate_ntype(tree, or_test) && is_odd(nch);
1980
1981    if (res) {
1982        int pos;
1983        res = validate_and_test(CHILD(tree, 0));
1984        for (pos = 1; res && (pos < nch); pos += 2)
1985            res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, pos), "or")
1986                   && validate_and_test(CHILD(tree, pos + 1)));
1987    }
1988    return (res);
1989}
1990
1991
1992static int
1993validate_and_test(node *tree)
1994{
1995    int pos;
1996    int nch = NCH(tree);
1997    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, and_test)
1998               && is_odd(nch)
1999               && validate_not_test(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2000
2001    for (pos = 1; res && (pos < nch); pos += 2)
2002        res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, pos), "and")
2003               && validate_not_test(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2004
2005    return (res);
2006}
2007
2008
2009static int
2010validate_not_test(node *tree)
2011{
2012    int nch = NCH(tree);
2013    int res = validate_ntype(tree, not_test) && ((nch == 1) || (nch == 2));
2014
2015    if (res) {
2016        if (nch == 2)
2017            res = (validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "not")
2018                   && validate_not_test(CHILD(tree, 1)));
2019        else if (nch == 1)
2020            res = validate_comparison(CHILD(tree, 0));
2021    }
2022    return (res);
2023}
2024
2025
2026static int
2027validate_comparison(node *tree)
2028{
2029    int pos;
2030    int nch = NCH(tree);
2031    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, comparison)
2032               && is_odd(nch)
2033               && validate_star_expr(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2034
2035    for (pos = 1; res && (pos < nch); pos += 2)
2036        res = (validate_comp_op(CHILD(tree, pos))
2037               && validate_star_expr(CHILD(tree, pos + 1)));
2038
2039    return (res);
2040}
2041
2042
2043static int
2044validate_comp_op(node *tree)
2045{
2046    int res = 0;
2047    int nch = NCH(tree);
2048
2049    if (!validate_ntype(tree, comp_op))
2050        return (0);
2051    if (nch == 1) {
2052        /*
2053         *  Only child will be a terminal with a well-defined symbolic name
2054         *  or a NAME with a string of either 'is' or 'in'
2055         */
2056        tree = CHILD(tree, 0);
2057        switch (TYPE(tree)) {
2058            case LESS:
2059            case GREATER:
2060            case EQEQUAL:
2061            case EQUAL:
2062            case LESSEQUAL:
2063            case GREATEREQUAL:
2064            case NOTEQUAL:
2065              res = 1;
2066              break;
2067            case NAME:
2068              res = ((strcmp(STR(tree), "in") == 0)
2069                     || (strcmp(STR(tree), "is") == 0));
2070              if (!res) {
2071                  PyErr_Format(parser_error,
2072                               "illegal operator '%s'", STR(tree));
2073              }
2074              break;
2075          default:
2076              err_string("illegal comparison operator type");
2077              break;
2078        }
2079    }
2080    else if ((res = validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "comp_op")) != 0) {
2081        res = (validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 0), NAME)
2082               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 1), NAME)
2083               && (((strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, 0)), "is") == 0)
2084                    && (strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, 1)), "not") == 0))
2085                   || ((strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, 0)), "not") == 0)
2086                       && (strcmp(STR(CHILD(tree, 1)), "in") == 0))));
2087        if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
2088            err_string("unknown comparison operator");
2089    }
2090    return (res);
2091}
2092
2093
2094static int
2095validate_star_expr(node *tree)
2096{
2097    int res = validate_ntype(tree, star_expr);
2098    if (!res) return res;
2099    if (NCH(tree) == 2) {
2100        return validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 0), STAR) && \
2101               validate_expr(CHILD(tree, 1));
2102    } else {
2103        return validate_expr(CHILD(tree, 0));
2104    }
2105}
2106
2107
2108static int
2109validate_expr(node *tree)
2110{
2111    int j;
2112    int nch = NCH(tree);
2113    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, expr)
2114               && is_odd(nch)
2115               && validate_xor_expr(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2116
2117    for (j = 2; res && (j < nch); j += 2)
2118        res = (validate_xor_expr(CHILD(tree, j))
2119               && validate_vbar(CHILD(tree, j - 1)));
2120
2121    return (res);
2122}
2123
2124
2125static int
2126validate_xor_expr(node *tree)
2127{
2128    int j;
2129    int nch = NCH(tree);
2130    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, xor_expr)
2131               && is_odd(nch)
2132               && validate_and_expr(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2133
2134    for (j = 2; res && (j < nch); j += 2)
2135        res = (validate_circumflex(CHILD(tree, j - 1))
2136               && validate_and_expr(CHILD(tree, j)));
2137
2138    return (res);
2139}
2140
2141
2142static int
2143validate_and_expr(node *tree)
2144{
2145    int pos;
2146    int nch = NCH(tree);
2147    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, and_expr)
2148               && is_odd(nch)
2149               && validate_shift_expr(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2150
2151    for (pos = 1; res && (pos < nch); pos += 2)
2152        res = (validate_ampersand(CHILD(tree, pos))
2153               && validate_shift_expr(CHILD(tree, pos + 1)));
2154
2155    return (res);
2156}
2157
2158
2159static int
2160validate_chain_two_ops(node *tree, int (*termvalid)(node *), int op1, int op2)
2161 {
2162    int pos = 1;
2163    int nch = NCH(tree);
2164    int res = (is_odd(nch)
2165               && (*termvalid)(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2166
2167    for ( ; res && (pos < nch); pos += 2) {
2168        if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) != op1)
2169            res = validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, pos), op2);
2170        if (res)
2171            res = (*termvalid)(CHILD(tree, pos + 1));
2172    }
2173    return (res);
2174}
2175
2176
2177static int
2178validate_shift_expr(node *tree)
2179{
2180    return (validate_ntype(tree, shift_expr)
2181            && validate_chain_two_ops(tree, validate_arith_expr,
2182                                      LEFTSHIFT, RIGHTSHIFT));
2183}
2184
2185
2186static int
2187validate_arith_expr(node *tree)
2188{
2189    return (validate_ntype(tree, arith_expr)
2190            && validate_chain_two_ops(tree, validate_term, PLUS, MINUS));
2191}
2192
2193
2194static int
2195validate_term(node *tree)
2196{
2197    int pos = 1;
2198    int nch = NCH(tree);
2199    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, term)
2200               && is_odd(nch)
2201               && validate_factor(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2202
2203    for ( ; res && (pos < nch); pos += 2)
2204        res = (((TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) == STAR)
2205               || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) == SLASH)
2206               || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) == DOUBLESLASH)
2207               || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) == PERCENT))
2208               && validate_factor(CHILD(tree, pos + 1)));
2209
2210    return (res);
2211}
2212
2213
2214/*  factor:
2215 *
2216 *  factor: ('+'|'-'|'~') factor | power
2217 */
2218static int
2219validate_factor(node *tree)
2220{
2221    int nch = NCH(tree);
2222    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, factor)
2223               && (((nch == 2)
2224                    && ((TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == PLUS)
2225                        || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == MINUS)
2226                        || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == TILDE))
2227                    && validate_factor(CHILD(tree, 1)))
2228                   || ((nch == 1)
2229                       && validate_power(CHILD(tree, 0)))));
2230    return (res);
2231}
2232
2233
2234/*  power:
2235 *
2236 *  power: atom trailer* ('**' factor)*
2237 */
2238static int
2239validate_power(node *tree)
2240{
2241    int pos = 1;
2242    int nch = NCH(tree);
2243    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, power) && (nch >= 1)
2244               && validate_atom(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2245
2246    while (res && (pos < nch) && (TYPE(CHILD(tree, pos)) == trailer))
2247        res = validate_trailer(CHILD(tree, pos++));
2248    if (res && (pos < nch)) {
2249        if (!is_even(nch - pos)) {
2250            err_string("illegal number of nodes for 'power'");
2251            return (0);
2252        }
2253        for ( ; res && (pos < (nch - 1)); pos += 2)
2254            res = (validate_doublestar(CHILD(tree, pos))
2255                   && validate_factor(CHILD(tree, pos + 1)));
2256    }
2257    return (res);
2258}
2259
2260
2261static int
2262validate_atom(node *tree)
2263{
2264    int pos;
2265    int nch = NCH(tree);
2266    int res = validate_ntype(tree, atom);
2267
2268    if (res && nch < 1)
2269        res = validate_numnodes(tree, nch+1, "atom");
2270    if (res) {
2271        switch (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0))) {
2272          case LPAR:
2273            res = ((nch <= 3)
2274                   && (validate_rparen(CHILD(tree, nch - 1))));
2275
2276            if (res && (nch == 3)) {
2277		if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 1))==yield_expr)
2278			res = validate_yield_expr(CHILD(tree, 1));
2279		else
2280                	res = validate_testlist_comp(CHILD(tree, 1));
2281	    }
2282            break;
2283          case LSQB:
2284            if (nch == 2)
2285                res = validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 1), RSQB);
2286            else if (nch == 3)
2287                res = (validate_testlist_comp(CHILD(tree, 1))
2288                       && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 2), RSQB));
2289            else {
2290                res = 0;
2291                err_string("illegal list display atom");
2292            }
2293            break;
2294          case LBRACE:
2295            res = ((nch <= 3)
2296                   && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, nch - 1), RBRACE));
2297
2298            if (res && (nch == 3))
2299                res = validate_dictorsetmaker(CHILD(tree, 1));
2300            break;
2301          case NAME:
2302          case NUMBER:
2303            res = (nch == 1);
2304            break;
2305          case STRING:
2306            for (pos = 1; res && (pos < nch); ++pos)
2307                res = validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, pos), STRING);
2308            break;
2309	  case DOT:
2310	    res = (nch == 3 &&
2311	           validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 1), DOT) &&
2312		   validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 2), DOT));
2313	    break;
2314          default:
2315            res = 0;
2316            break;
2317        }
2318    }
2319    return (res);
2320}
2321
2322
2323/*  testlist_comp:
2324 *    test ( comp_for | (',' test)* [','] )
2325 */
2326static int
2327validate_testlist_comp(node *tree)
2328{
2329    int nch = NCH(tree);
2330    int ok = nch;
2331
2332    if (nch == 0)
2333        err_string("missing child nodes of testlist_comp");
2334    else {
2335        ok = validate_test(CHILD(tree, 0));
2336    }
2337
2338    /*
2339     *  comp_for | (',' test)* [',']
2340     */
2341    if (nch == 2 && TYPE(CHILD(tree, 1)) == comp_for)
2342        ok = validate_comp_for(CHILD(tree, 1));
2343    else {
2344        /*  (',' test)* [',']  */
2345        int i = 1;
2346        while (ok && nch - i >= 2) {
2347            ok = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i))
2348                  && validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+1)));
2349            i += 2;
2350        }
2351        if (ok && i == nch-1)
2352            ok = validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i));
2353        else if (i != nch) {
2354            ok = 0;
2355            err_string("illegal trailing nodes for testlist_comp");
2356        }
2357    }
2358    return ok;
2359}
2360
2361/*  decorator:
2362 *    '@' dotted_name [ '(' [arglist] ')' ] NEWLINE
2363 */
2364static int
2365validate_decorator(node *tree)
2366{
2367    int ok;
2368    int nch = NCH(tree);
2369    ok = (validate_ntype(tree, decorator) &&
2370	  (nch == 3 || nch == 5 || nch == 6) &&
2371	  validate_at(CHILD(tree, 0)) &&
2372	  validate_dotted_name(CHILD(tree, 1)) &&
2373	  validate_newline(RCHILD(tree, -1)));
2374
2375    if (ok && nch != 3) {
2376	ok = (validate_lparen(CHILD(tree, 2)) &&
2377	      validate_rparen(RCHILD(tree, -2)));
2378
2379	if (ok && nch == 6)
2380	    ok = validate_arglist(CHILD(tree, 3));
2381    }
2382
2383    return ok;
2384}
2385
2386/*  decorators:
2387 *    decorator+
2388 */
2389static int
2390validate_decorators(node *tree)
2391{
2392    int i, nch, ok;
2393    nch = NCH(tree);
2394    ok = validate_ntype(tree, decorators) && nch >= 1;
2395
2396    for (i = 0; ok && i < nch; ++i)
2397	ok = validate_decorator(CHILD(tree, i));
2398
2399    return ok;
2400}
2401
2402/*  funcdef:
2403 *
2404 *     -5   -4         -3  -2    -1
2405 *  'def' NAME parameters ':' suite
2406 */
2407static int
2408validate_funcdef(node *tree)
2409{
2410    int nch = NCH(tree);
2411    int ok = (validate_ntype(tree, funcdef)
2412	       && (nch == 5)
2413	       && validate_name(RCHILD(tree, -5), "def")
2414	       && validate_ntype(RCHILD(tree, -4), NAME)
2415	       && validate_colon(RCHILD(tree, -2))
2416	       && validate_parameters(RCHILD(tree, -3))
2417	       && validate_suite(RCHILD(tree, -1)));
2418    return ok;
2419}
2420
2421
2422/* decorated
2423 *   decorators (classdef | funcdef)
2424 */
2425static int
2426validate_decorated(node *tree)
2427{
2428  int nch = NCH(tree);
2429  int ok = (validate_ntype(tree, decorated)
2430	    && (nch == 2)
2431	    && validate_decorators(RCHILD(tree, -2))
2432	    && (validate_funcdef(RCHILD(tree, -1))
2433		|| validate_class(RCHILD(tree, -1)))
2434	    );
2435  return ok;
2436}
2437
2438static int
2439validate_lambdef(node *tree)
2440{
2441    int nch = NCH(tree);
2442    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, lambdef)
2443               && ((nch == 3) || (nch == 4))
2444               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "lambda")
2445               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, nch - 2))
2446               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
2447
2448    if (res && (nch == 4))
2449        res = validate_varargslist(CHILD(tree, 1));
2450    else if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
2451        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 3, "lambdef");
2452
2453    return (res);
2454}
2455
2456
2457static int
2458validate_lambdef_nocond(node *tree)
2459{
2460    int nch = NCH(tree);
2461    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, lambdef_nocond)
2462               && ((nch == 3) || (nch == 4))
2463               && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "lambda")
2464               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, nch - 2))
2465               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, nch - 1)));
2466
2467    if (res && (nch == 4))
2468        res = validate_varargslist(CHILD(tree, 1));
2469    else if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
2470        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 3, "lambdef_nocond");
2471
2472    return (res);
2473}
2474
2475
2476/*  arglist:
2477 *
2478 *  (argument ',')* (argument [','] | '*' test [',' '**' test] | '**' test)
2479 */
2480static int
2481validate_arglist(node *tree)
2482{
2483    int nch = NCH(tree);
2484    int i = 0;
2485    int ok = 1;
2486
2487    if (nch <= 0)
2488        /* raise the right error from having an invalid number of children */
2489        return validate_numnodes(tree, nch + 1, "arglist");
2490
2491    if (nch > 1) {
2492        for (i=0; i<nch; i++) {
2493            if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, i)) == argument) {
2494                node *ch = CHILD(tree, i);
2495                if (NCH(ch) == 2 && TYPE(CHILD(ch, 1)) == comp_for) {
2496                    err_string("need '(', ')' for generator expression");
2497                    return 0;
2498                }
2499            }
2500        }
2501    }
2502
2503    while (ok && nch-i >= 2) {
2504        /* skip leading (argument ',') */
2505        ok = (validate_argument(CHILD(tree, i))
2506              && validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i+1)));
2507        if (ok)
2508            i += 2;
2509        else
2510            PyErr_Clear();
2511    }
2512    ok = 1;
2513    if (nch-i > 0) {
2514        /*
2515         * argument | '*' test [',' '**' test] | '**' test
2516         */
2517        int sym = TYPE(CHILD(tree, i));
2518
2519        if (sym == argument) {
2520            ok = validate_argument(CHILD(tree, i));
2521            if (ok && i+1 != nch) {
2522                err_string("illegal arglist specification"
2523                           " (extra stuff on end)");
2524                ok = 0;
2525            }
2526        }
2527        else if (sym == STAR) {
2528            ok = validate_star(CHILD(tree, i));
2529            if (ok && (nch-i == 2))
2530                ok = validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+1));
2531            else if (ok && (nch-i == 5))
2532                ok = (validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+1))
2533                      && validate_comma(CHILD(tree, i+2))
2534                      && validate_doublestar(CHILD(tree, i+3))
2535                      && validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+4)));
2536            else {
2537                err_string("illegal use of '*' in arglist");
2538                ok = 0;
2539            }
2540        }
2541        else if (sym == DOUBLESTAR) {
2542            if (nch-i == 2)
2543                ok = (validate_doublestar(CHILD(tree, i))
2544                      && validate_test(CHILD(tree, i+1)));
2545            else {
2546                err_string("illegal use of '**' in arglist");
2547                ok = 0;
2548            }
2549        }
2550        else {
2551            err_string("illegal arglist specification");
2552            ok = 0;
2553        }
2554    }
2555    return (ok);
2556}
2557
2558
2559
2560/*  argument:
2561 *
2562 *  [test '='] test [comp_for]
2563 */
2564static int
2565validate_argument(node *tree)
2566{
2567    int nch = NCH(tree);
2568    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, argument)
2569               && ((nch == 1) || (nch == 2) || (nch == 3))
2570               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2571
2572    if (res && (nch == 2))
2573        res = validate_comp_for(CHILD(tree, 1));
2574    else if (res && (nch == 3))
2575        res = (validate_equal(CHILD(tree, 1))
2576               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 2)));
2577
2578    return (res);
2579}
2580
2581
2582
2583/*  trailer:
2584 *
2585 *  '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
2586 */
2587static int
2588validate_trailer(node *tree)
2589{
2590    int nch = NCH(tree);
2591    int res = validate_ntype(tree, trailer) && ((nch == 2) || (nch == 3));
2592
2593    if (res) {
2594        switch (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0))) {
2595          case LPAR:
2596            res = validate_rparen(CHILD(tree, nch - 1));
2597            if (res && (nch == 3))
2598                res = validate_arglist(CHILD(tree, 1));
2599            break;
2600          case LSQB:
2601            res = (validate_numnodes(tree, 3, "trailer")
2602                   && validate_subscriptlist(CHILD(tree, 1))
2603                   && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 2), RSQB));
2604            break;
2605          case DOT:
2606            res = (validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "trailer")
2607                   && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, 1), NAME));
2608            break;
2609          default:
2610            res = 0;
2611            break;
2612        }
2613    }
2614    else {
2615        (void) validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "trailer");
2616    }
2617    return (res);
2618}
2619
2620
2621/*  subscriptlist:
2622 *
2623 *  subscript (',' subscript)* [',']
2624 */
2625static int
2626validate_subscriptlist(node *tree)
2627{
2628    return (validate_repeating_list(tree, subscriptlist,
2629                                    validate_subscript, "subscriptlist"));
2630}
2631
2632
2633/*  subscript:
2634 *
2635 *  '.' '.' '.' | test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop]
2636 */
2637static int
2638validate_subscript(node *tree)
2639{
2640    int offset = 0;
2641    int nch = NCH(tree);
2642    int res = validate_ntype(tree, subscript) && (nch >= 1) && (nch <= 4);
2643
2644    if (!res) {
2645        if (!PyErr_Occurred())
2646            err_string("invalid number of arguments for subscript node");
2647        return (0);
2648    }
2649    if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == DOT)
2650        /* take care of ('.' '.' '.') possibility */
2651        return (validate_numnodes(tree, 3, "subscript")
2652                && validate_dot(CHILD(tree, 0))
2653                && validate_dot(CHILD(tree, 1))
2654                && validate_dot(CHILD(tree, 2)));
2655    if (nch == 1) {
2656        if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == test)
2657            res = validate_test(CHILD(tree, 0));
2658        else
2659            res = validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 0));
2660        return (res);
2661    }
2662    /*  Must be [test] ':' [test] [sliceop],
2663     *  but at least one of the optional components will
2664     *  be present, but we don't know which yet.
2665     */
2666    if ((TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) != COLON) || (nch == 4)) {
2667        res = validate_test(CHILD(tree, 0));
2668        offset = 1;
2669    }
2670    if (res)
2671        res = validate_colon(CHILD(tree, offset));
2672    if (res) {
2673        int rem = nch - ++offset;
2674        if (rem) {
2675            if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, offset)) == test) {
2676                res = validate_test(CHILD(tree, offset));
2677                ++offset;
2678                --rem;
2679            }
2680            if (res && rem)
2681                res = validate_sliceop(CHILD(tree, offset));
2682        }
2683    }
2684    return (res);
2685}
2686
2687
2688static int
2689validate_sliceop(node *tree)
2690{
2691    int nch = NCH(tree);
2692    int res = ((nch == 1) || validate_numnodes(tree, 2, "sliceop"))
2693              && validate_ntype(tree, sliceop);
2694    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred()) {
2695        res = validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "sliceop");
2696    }
2697    if (res)
2698        res = validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 0));
2699    if (res && (nch == 2))
2700        res = validate_test(CHILD(tree, 1));
2701
2702    return (res);
2703}
2704
2705
2706static int
2707validate_exprlist(node *tree)
2708{
2709    return (validate_repeating_list(tree, exprlist,
2710                                    validate_star_expr, "exprlist"));
2711}
2712
2713
2714static int
2715validate_dictorsetmaker(node *tree)
2716{
2717    int nch = NCH(tree);
2718    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, dictorsetmaker)
2719               && (nch >= 3)
2720               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 0))
2721               && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, 1))
2722               && validate_test(CHILD(tree, 2)));
2723
2724    if (res && ((nch % 4) == 0))
2725        res = validate_comma(CHILD(tree, --nch));
2726    else if (res)
2727        res = ((nch % 4) == 3);
2728
2729    if (res && (nch > 3)) {
2730        int pos = 3;
2731        /*  ( ',' test ':' test )*  */
2732        while (res && (pos < nch)) {
2733            res = (validate_comma(CHILD(tree, pos))
2734                   && validate_test(CHILD(tree, pos + 1))
2735                   && validate_colon(CHILD(tree, pos + 2))
2736                   && validate_test(CHILD(tree, pos + 3)));
2737            pos += 4;
2738        }
2739    }
2740    return (res);
2741}
2742
2743
2744static int
2745validate_eval_input(node *tree)
2746{
2747    int pos;
2748    int nch = NCH(tree);
2749    int res = (validate_ntype(tree, eval_input)
2750               && (nch >= 2)
2751               && validate_testlist(CHILD(tree, 0))
2752               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, nch - 1), ENDMARKER));
2753
2754    for (pos = 1; res && (pos < (nch - 1)); ++pos)
2755        res = validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, pos), NEWLINE);
2756
2757    return (res);
2758}
2759
2760
2761static int
2762validate_node(node *tree)
2763{
2764    int   nch  = 0;                     /* num. children on current node  */
2765    int   res  = 1;                     /* result value                   */
2766    node* next = 0;                     /* node to process after this one */
2767
2768    while (res && (tree != 0)) {
2769        nch  = NCH(tree);
2770        next = 0;
2771        switch (TYPE(tree)) {
2772            /*
2773             *  Definition nodes.
2774             */
2775          case funcdef:
2776            res = validate_funcdef(tree);
2777            break;
2778          case classdef:
2779            res = validate_class(tree);
2780            break;
2781	  case decorated:
2782	    res = validate_decorated(tree);
2783	    break;
2784            /*
2785             *  "Trivial" parse tree nodes.
2786             *  (Why did I call these trivial?)
2787             */
2788          case stmt:
2789            res = validate_stmt(tree);
2790            break;
2791          case small_stmt:
2792            /*
2793             *  expr_stmt | del_stmt | pass_stmt | flow_stmt
2794             *  | import_stmt | global_stmt | assert_stmt
2795             */
2796            res = validate_small_stmt(tree);
2797            break;
2798          case flow_stmt:
2799            res  = (validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "flow_stmt")
2800                    && ((TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == break_stmt)
2801                        || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == continue_stmt)
2802                        || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == yield_stmt)
2803                        || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == return_stmt)
2804                        || (TYPE(CHILD(tree, 0)) == raise_stmt)));
2805            if (res)
2806                next = CHILD(tree, 0);
2807            else if (nch == 1)
2808                err_string("illegal flow_stmt type");
2809            break;
2810          case yield_stmt:
2811            res = validate_yield_stmt(tree);
2812            break;
2813            /*
2814             *  Compound statements.
2815             */
2816          case simple_stmt:
2817            res = validate_simple_stmt(tree);
2818            break;
2819          case compound_stmt:
2820            res = validate_compound_stmt(tree);
2821            break;
2822            /*
2823             *  Fundamental statements.
2824             */
2825          case expr_stmt:
2826            res = validate_expr_stmt(tree);
2827            break;
2828          case del_stmt:
2829            res = validate_del_stmt(tree);
2830            break;
2831          case pass_stmt:
2832            res = (validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "pass")
2833                   && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "pass"));
2834            break;
2835          case break_stmt:
2836            res = (validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "break")
2837                   && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "break"));
2838            break;
2839          case continue_stmt:
2840            res = (validate_numnodes(tree, 1, "continue")
2841                   && validate_name(CHILD(tree, 0), "continue"));
2842            break;
2843          case return_stmt:
2844            res = validate_return_stmt(tree);
2845            break;
2846          case raise_stmt:
2847            res = validate_raise_stmt(tree);
2848            break;
2849          case import_stmt:
2850            res = validate_import_stmt(tree);
2851            break;
2852	  case import_name:
2853	    res = validate_import_name(tree);
2854	    break;
2855	  case import_from:
2856	    res = validate_import_from(tree);
2857	    break;
2858          case global_stmt:
2859            res = validate_global_stmt(tree);
2860            break;
2861          case assert_stmt:
2862            res = validate_assert_stmt(tree);
2863            break;
2864          case if_stmt:
2865            res = validate_if(tree);
2866            break;
2867          case while_stmt:
2868            res = validate_while(tree);
2869            break;
2870          case for_stmt:
2871            res = validate_for(tree);
2872            break;
2873          case try_stmt:
2874            res = validate_try(tree);
2875            break;
2876          case suite:
2877            res = validate_suite(tree);
2878            break;
2879            /*
2880             *  Expression nodes.
2881             */
2882          case testlist:
2883            res = validate_testlist(tree);
2884            break;
2885          case yield_expr:
2886            res = validate_yield_expr(tree);
2887            break;
2888          case testlist1:
2889            res = validate_testlist1(tree);
2890            break;
2891          case test:
2892            res = validate_test(tree);
2893            break;
2894          case and_test:
2895            res = validate_and_test(tree);
2896            break;
2897          case not_test:
2898            res = validate_not_test(tree);
2899            break;
2900          case comparison:
2901            res = validate_comparison(tree);
2902            break;
2903          case exprlist:
2904            res = validate_exprlist(tree);
2905            break;
2906          case comp_op:
2907            res = validate_comp_op(tree);
2908            break;
2909          case expr:
2910            res = validate_expr(tree);
2911            break;
2912          case xor_expr:
2913            res = validate_xor_expr(tree);
2914            break;
2915          case and_expr:
2916            res = validate_and_expr(tree);
2917            break;
2918          case shift_expr:
2919            res = validate_shift_expr(tree);
2920            break;
2921          case arith_expr:
2922            res = validate_arith_expr(tree);
2923            break;
2924          case term:
2925            res = validate_term(tree);
2926            break;
2927          case factor:
2928            res = validate_factor(tree);
2929            break;
2930          case power:
2931            res = validate_power(tree);
2932            break;
2933          case atom:
2934            res = validate_atom(tree);
2935            break;
2936
2937          default:
2938            /* Hopefully never reached! */
2939            err_string("unrecognized node type");
2940            res = 0;
2941            break;
2942        }
2943        tree = next;
2944    }
2945    return (res);
2946}
2947
2948
2949static int
2950validate_expr_tree(node *tree)
2951{
2952    int res = validate_eval_input(tree);
2953
2954    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
2955        err_string("could not validate expression tuple");
2956
2957    return (res);
2958}
2959
2960
2961/*  file_input:
2962 *      (NEWLINE | stmt)* ENDMARKER
2963 */
2964static int
2965validate_file_input(node *tree)
2966{
2967    int j;
2968    int nch = NCH(tree) - 1;
2969    int res = ((nch >= 0)
2970               && validate_ntype(CHILD(tree, nch), ENDMARKER));
2971
2972    for (j = 0; res && (j < nch); ++j) {
2973        if (TYPE(CHILD(tree, j)) == stmt)
2974            res = validate_stmt(CHILD(tree, j));
2975        else
2976            res = validate_newline(CHILD(tree, j));
2977    }
2978    /*  This stays in to prevent any internal failures from getting to the
2979     *  user.  Hopefully, this won't be needed.  If a user reports getting
2980     *  this, we have some debugging to do.
2981     */
2982    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
2983        err_string("VALIDATION FAILURE: report this to the maintainer!");
2984
2985    return (res);
2986}
2987
2988static int
2989validate_encoding_decl(node *tree)
2990{
2991    int nch = NCH(tree);
2992    int res = ((nch == 1)
2993        && validate_file_input(CHILD(tree, 0)));
2994
2995    if (!res && !PyErr_Occurred())
2996        err_string("Error Parsing encoding_decl");
2997
2998    return res;
2999}
3000
3001static PyObject*
3002pickle_constructor = NULL;
3003
3004
3005static PyObject*
3006parser__pickler(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
3007{
3008    NOTE(ARGUNUSED(self))
3009    PyObject *result = NULL;
3010    PyObject *st = NULL;
3011    PyObject *empty_dict = NULL;
3012
3013    if (PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!:_pickler", &PyST_Type, &st)) {
3014        PyObject *newargs;
3015        PyObject *tuple;
3016
3017        if ((empty_dict = PyDict_New()) == NULL)
3018            goto finally;
3019        if ((newargs = Py_BuildValue("Oi", st, 1)) == NULL)
3020            goto finally;
3021        tuple = parser_st2tuple((PyST_Object*)NULL, newargs, empty_dict);
3022        if (tuple != NULL) {
3023            result = Py_BuildValue("O(O)", pickle_constructor, tuple);
3024            Py_DECREF(tuple);
3025        }
3026        Py_DECREF(empty_dict);
3027        Py_DECREF(newargs);
3028    }
3029  finally:
3030    Py_XDECREF(empty_dict);
3031
3032    return (result);
3033}
3034
3035
3036/*  Functions exported by this module.  Most of this should probably
3037 *  be converted into an ST object with methods, but that is better
3038 *  done directly in Python, allowing subclasses to be created directly.
3039 *  We'd really have to write a wrapper around it all anyway to allow
3040 *  inheritance.
3041 */
3042static PyMethodDef parser_functions[] =  {
3043    {"compilest",      (PyCFunction)parser_compilest,  PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3044        PyDoc_STR("Compiles an ST object into a code object.")},
3045    {"expr",            (PyCFunction)parser_expr,      PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3046        PyDoc_STR("Creates an ST object from an expression.")},
3047    {"isexpr",          (PyCFunction)parser_isexpr,    PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3048        PyDoc_STR("Determines if an ST object was created from an expression.")},
3049    {"issuite",         (PyCFunction)parser_issuite,   PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3050        PyDoc_STR("Determines if an ST object was created from a suite.")},
3051    {"suite",           (PyCFunction)parser_suite,     PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3052        PyDoc_STR("Creates an ST object from a suite.")},
3053    {"sequence2st",     (PyCFunction)parser_tuple2st,  PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3054        PyDoc_STR("Creates an ST object from a tree representation.")},
3055    {"st2tuple",        (PyCFunction)parser_st2tuple,  PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3056        PyDoc_STR("Creates a tuple-tree representation of an ST.")},
3057    {"st2list",         (PyCFunction)parser_st2list,   PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3058        PyDoc_STR("Creates a list-tree representation of an ST.")},
3059    {"tuple2st",        (PyCFunction)parser_tuple2st,  PUBLIC_METHOD_TYPE,
3060        PyDoc_STR("Creates an ST object from a tree representation.")},
3061
3062    /* private stuff: support pickle module */
3063    {"_pickler",        (PyCFunction)parser__pickler,  METH_VARARGS,
3064        PyDoc_STR("Returns the pickle magic to allow ST objects to be pickled.")},
3065
3066    {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
3067    };
3068
3069
3070
3071static struct PyModuleDef parsermodule = {
3072	PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
3073	"parser",
3074	NULL,
3075	-1,
3076	parser_functions,
3077	NULL,
3078	NULL,
3079	NULL,
3080	NULL
3081};
3082
3083PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_parser(void);  /* supply a prototype */
3084
3085PyMODINIT_FUNC
3086PyInit_parser(void)
3087{
3088    PyObject *module, *copyreg;
3089
3090    if (PyType_Ready(&PyST_Type) < 0)
3091        return NULL;
3092    module = PyModule_Create(&parsermodule);
3093    if (module == NULL)
3094    	return NULL;
3095
3096    if (parser_error == 0)
3097        parser_error = PyErr_NewException("parser.ParserError", NULL, NULL);
3098
3099    if (parser_error == 0)
3100        return NULL;
3101    /* CAUTION:  The code next used to skip bumping the refcount on
3102     * parser_error.  That's a disaster if PyInit_parser() gets called more
3103     * than once.  By incref'ing, we ensure that each module dict that
3104     * gets created owns its reference to the shared parser_error object,
3105     * and the file static parser_error vrbl owns a reference too.
3106     */
3107    Py_INCREF(parser_error);
3108    if (PyModule_AddObject(module, "ParserError", parser_error) != 0)
3109        return NULL;
3110
3111    Py_INCREF(&PyST_Type);
3112    PyModule_AddObject(module, "STType", (PyObject*)&PyST_Type);
3113
3114    PyModule_AddStringConstant(module, "__copyright__",
3115                               parser_copyright_string);
3116    PyModule_AddStringConstant(module, "__doc__",
3117                               parser_doc_string);
3118    PyModule_AddStringConstant(module, "__version__",
3119                               parser_version_string);
3120
3121    /* Register to support pickling.
3122     * If this fails, the import of this module will fail because an
3123     * exception will be raised here; should we clear the exception?
3124     */
3125    copyreg = PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock("copyreg");
3126    if (copyreg != NULL) {
3127        PyObject *func, *pickler;
3128
3129        func = PyObject_GetAttrString(copyreg, "pickle");
3130        pickle_constructor = PyObject_GetAttrString(module, "sequence2st");
3131        pickler = PyObject_GetAttrString(module, "_pickler");
3132        Py_XINCREF(pickle_constructor);
3133        if ((func != NULL) && (pickle_constructor != NULL)
3134            && (pickler != NULL)) {
3135            PyObject *res;
3136
3137            res = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(func, &PyST_Type, pickler,
3138                                               pickle_constructor, NULL);
3139            Py_XDECREF(res);
3140        }
3141        Py_XDECREF(func);
3142        Py_XDECREF(pickle_constructor);
3143        Py_XDECREF(pickler);
3144        Py_DECREF(copyreg);
3145    }
3146    return module;
3147}
3148