cube.c revision 5c13d4d87fd0356003a3441e887a172b991e880f 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2015-2016 The Khronos Group Inc.
3 * Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Valve Corporation
4 * Copyright (c) 2015-2016 LunarG, Inc.
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and/or associated documentation files (the "Materials"), to
8 * deal in the Materials without restriction, including without limitation the
9 * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
10 * sell copies of the Materials, and to permit persons to whom the Materials are
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice(s) and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Materials.
15 *
16 * THE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
19 *
20 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
21 * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
22 * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE MATERIALS OR THE
23 * USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE MATERIALS.
24 *
25 * Author: Chia-I Wu <olv@lunarg.com>
26 * Author: Courtney Goeltzenleuchter <courtney@LunarG.com>
27 * Author: Ian Elliott <ian@LunarG.com>
28 * Author: Jon Ashburn <jon@lunarg.com>
29 */
30
31#define _GNU_SOURCE
32#include <stdio.h>
33#include <stdlib.h>
34#include <string.h>
35#include <stdbool.h>
36#include <assert.h>
37#include <signal.h>
38
39#ifdef _WIN32
40#pragma comment(linker, "/subsystem:windows")
41#define APP_NAME_STR_LEN 80
42#endif // _WIN32
43
44#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
45
46#include <vulkan/vk_sdk_platform.h>
47#include "linmath.h"
48
49#define DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT 1
50#define APP_SHORT_NAME "cube"
51#define APP_LONG_NAME "The Vulkan Cube Demo Program"
52
53#define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
54
55#if defined(NDEBUG) && defined(__GNUC__)
56#define U_ASSERT_ONLY __attribute__((unused))
57#else
58#define U_ASSERT_ONLY
59#endif
60
61#ifdef _WIN32
62#define ERR_EXIT(err_msg, err_class)                                           \
63    do {                                                                       \
64        MessageBox(NULL, err_msg, err_class, MB_OK);                           \
65        exit(1);                                                               \
66    } while (0)
67
68#else // _WIN32
69
70#define ERR_EXIT(err_msg, err_class)                                           \
71    do {                                                                       \
72        printf(err_msg);                                                       \
73        fflush(stdout);                                                        \
74        exit(1);                                                               \
75    } while (0)
76#endif // _WIN32
77
78#define GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(inst, entrypoint)                               \
79    {                                                                          \
80        demo->fp##entrypoint =                                                 \
81            (PFN_vk##entrypoint)vkGetInstanceProcAddr(inst, "vk" #entrypoint); \
82        if (demo->fp##entrypoint == NULL) {                                    \
83            ERR_EXIT("vkGetInstanceProcAddr failed to find vk" #entrypoint,    \
84                     "vkGetInstanceProcAddr Failure");                         \
85        }                                                                      \
86    }
87
88static PFN_vkGetDeviceProcAddr g_gdpa = NULL;
89
90#define GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(dev, entrypoint)                                  \
91    {                                                                          \
92        if (!g_gdpa)                                                           \
93            g_gdpa = (PFN_vkGetDeviceProcAddr)vkGetInstanceProcAddr(           \
94                demo->inst, "vkGetDeviceProcAddr");                            \
95        demo->fp##entrypoint =                                                 \
96            (PFN_vk##entrypoint)g_gdpa(dev, "vk" #entrypoint);                 \
97        if (demo->fp##entrypoint == NULL) {                                    \
98            ERR_EXIT("vkGetDeviceProcAddr failed to find vk" #entrypoint,      \
99                     "vkGetDeviceProcAddr Failure");                           \
100        }                                                                      \
101    }
102
103/*
104 * structure to track all objects related to a texture.
105 */
106struct texture_object {
107    VkSampler sampler;
108
109    VkImage image;
110    VkImageLayout imageLayout;
111
112    VkMemoryAllocateInfo mem_alloc;
113    VkDeviceMemory mem;
114    VkImageView view;
115    int32_t tex_width, tex_height;
116};
117
118static char *tex_files[] = {"lunarg.ppm"};
119
120struct vkcube_vs_uniform {
121    // Must start with MVP
122    float mvp[4][4];
123    float position[12 * 3][4];
124    float color[12 * 3][4];
125};
126
127struct vktexcube_vs_uniform {
128    // Must start with MVP
129    float mvp[4][4];
130    float position[12 * 3][4];
131    float attr[12 * 3][4];
132};
133
134//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
135// Mesh and VertexFormat Data
136//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
137// clang-format off
138struct Vertex
139{
140    float     posX, posY, posZ, posW;    // Position data
141    float     r, g, b, a;                // Color
142};
143
144struct VertexPosTex
145{
146    float     posX, posY, posZ, posW;    // Position data
147    float     u, v, s, t;                // Texcoord
148};
149
150#define XYZ1(_x_, _y_, _z_)         (_x_), (_y_), (_z_), 1.f
151#define UV(_u_, _v_)                (_u_), (_v_), 0.f, 1.f
152
153static const float g_vertex_buffer_data[] = {
154    -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,  // -X side
155    -1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
156    -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
157    -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
158    -1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
159    -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,
160
161    -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,  // -Z side
162     1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
163     1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,
164    -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,
165    -1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
166     1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
167
168    -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,  // -Y side
169     1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,
170     1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
171    -1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,
172     1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
173    -1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
174
175    -1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,  // +Y side
176    -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
177     1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
178    -1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
179     1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
180     1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
181
182     1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,  // +X side
183     1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
184     1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
185     1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
186     1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f,
187     1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f,
188
189    -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // +Z side
190    -1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
191     1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
192    -1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
193     1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f,
194     1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
195};
196
197static const float g_uv_buffer_data[] = {
198    0.0f, 0.0f,  // -X side
199    1.0f, 0.0f,
200    1.0f, 1.0f,
201    1.0f, 1.0f,
202    0.0f, 1.0f,
203    0.0f, 0.0f,
204
205    1.0f, 0.0f,  // -Z side
206    0.0f, 1.0f,
207    0.0f, 0.0f,
208    1.0f, 0.0f,
209    1.0f, 1.0f,
210    0.0f, 1.0f,
211
212    1.0f, 1.0f,  // -Y side
213    1.0f, 0.0f,
214    0.0f, 0.0f,
215    1.0f, 1.0f,
216    0.0f, 0.0f,
217    0.0f, 1.0f,
218
219    1.0f, 1.0f,  // +Y side
220    0.0f, 1.0f,
221    0.0f, 0.0f,
222    1.0f, 1.0f,
223    0.0f, 0.0f,
224    1.0f, 0.0f,
225
226    1.0f, 1.0f,  // +X side
227    0.0f, 1.0f,
228    0.0f, 0.0f,
229    0.0f, 0.0f,
230    1.0f, 0.0f,
231    1.0f, 1.0f,
232
233    0.0f, 1.0f,  // +Z side
234    0.0f, 0.0f,
235    1.0f, 1.0f,
236    0.0f, 0.0f,
237    1.0f, 0.0f,
238    1.0f, 1.0f,
239};
240// clang-format on
241
242void dumpMatrix(const char *note, mat4x4 MVP) {
243    int i;
244
245    printf("%s: \n", note);
246    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
247        printf("%f, %f, %f, %f\n", MVP[i][0], MVP[i][1], MVP[i][2], MVP[i][3]);
248    }
249    printf("\n");
250    fflush(stdout);
251}
252
253void dumpVec4(const char *note, vec4 vector) {
254    printf("%s: \n", note);
255    printf("%f, %f, %f, %f\n", vector[0], vector[1], vector[2], vector[3]);
256    printf("\n");
257    fflush(stdout);
258}
259
260VKAPI_ATTR VkBool32 VKAPI_CALL
261dbgFunc(VkFlags msgFlags, VkDebugReportObjectTypeEXT objType,
262        uint64_t srcObject, size_t location, int32_t msgCode,
263        const char *pLayerPrefix, const char *pMsg, void *pUserData) {
264    char *message = (char *)malloc(strlen(pMsg) + 100);
265
266    assert(message);
267
268    if (msgFlags & VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT) {
269        sprintf(message, "ERROR: [%s] Code %d : %s", pLayerPrefix, msgCode,
270                pMsg);
271    } else if (msgFlags & VK_DEBUG_REPORT_WARNING_BIT_EXT) {
272        // We know that we're submitting queues without fences, ignore this
273        // warning
274        if (strstr(pMsg,
275                   "vkQueueSubmit parameter, VkFence fence, is null pointer")) {
276            return false;
277        }
278        sprintf(message, "WARNING: [%s] Code %d : %s", pLayerPrefix, msgCode,
279                pMsg);
280    } else {
281        return false;
282    }
283
284#ifdef _WIN32
285    MessageBox(NULL, message, "Alert", MB_OK);
286#else
287    printf("%s\n", message);
288    fflush(stdout);
289#endif
290    free(message);
291
292    /*
293     * false indicates that layer should not bail-out of an
294     * API call that had validation failures. This may mean that the
295     * app dies inside the driver due to invalid parameter(s).
296     * That's what would happen without validation layers, so we'll
297     * keep that behavior here.
298     */
299    return false;
300}
301
302VkBool32 BreakCallback(VkFlags msgFlags, VkDebugReportObjectTypeEXT objType,
303                       uint64_t srcObject, size_t location, int32_t msgCode,
304                       const char *pLayerPrefix, const char *pMsg,
305                       void *pUserData) {
306#ifndef WIN32
307    raise(SIGTRAP);
308#else
309    DebugBreak();
310#endif
311
312    return false;
313}
314
315typedef struct _SwapchainBuffers {
316    VkImage image;
317    VkCommandBuffer cmd;
318    VkImageView view;
319} SwapchainBuffers;
320
321struct demo {
322#ifdef _WIN32
323#define APP_NAME_STR_LEN 80
324    HINSTANCE connection;        // hInstance - Windows Instance
325    char name[APP_NAME_STR_LEN]; // Name to put on the window/icon
326    HWND window;                 // hWnd - window handle
327#else                            // _WIN32
328    xcb_connection_t *connection;
329    xcb_screen_t *screen;
330    xcb_window_t window;
331    xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *atom_wm_delete_window;
332#endif                           // _WIN32
333    VkSurfaceKHR surface;
334    bool prepared;
335    bool use_staging_buffer;
336
337    VkInstance inst;
338    VkPhysicalDevice gpu;
339    VkDevice device;
340    VkQueue queue;
341    uint32_t graphics_queue_node_index;
342    VkPhysicalDeviceProperties gpu_props;
343    VkQueueFamilyProperties *queue_props;
344    VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memory_properties;
345
346    uint32_t enabled_extension_count;
347    uint32_t enabled_layer_count;
348    char *extension_names[64];
349    char *device_validation_layers[64];
350
351    int width, height;
352    VkFormat format;
353    VkColorSpaceKHR color_space;
354
355    PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR
356        fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR;
357    PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR
358        fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR;
359    PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR
360        fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR;
361    PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR
362        fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR;
363    PFN_vkCreateSwapchainKHR fpCreateSwapchainKHR;
364    PFN_vkDestroySwapchainKHR fpDestroySwapchainKHR;
365    PFN_vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR fpGetSwapchainImagesKHR;
366    PFN_vkAcquireNextImageKHR fpAcquireNextImageKHR;
367    PFN_vkQueuePresentKHR fpQueuePresentKHR;
368    uint32_t swapchainImageCount;
369    VkSwapchainKHR swapchain;
370    SwapchainBuffers *buffers;
371
372    VkCommandPool cmd_pool;
373
374    struct {
375        VkFormat format;
376
377        VkImage image;
378        VkMemoryAllocateInfo mem_alloc;
379        VkDeviceMemory mem;
380        VkImageView view;
381    } depth;
382
383    struct texture_object textures[DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT];
384
385    struct {
386        VkBuffer buf;
387        VkMemoryAllocateInfo mem_alloc;
388        VkDeviceMemory mem;
389        VkDescriptorBufferInfo buffer_info;
390    } uniform_data;
391
392    VkCommandBuffer cmd; // Buffer for initialization commands
393    VkPipelineLayout pipeline_layout;
394    VkDescriptorSetLayout desc_layout;
395    VkPipelineCache pipelineCache;
396    VkRenderPass render_pass;
397    VkPipeline pipeline;
398
399    mat4x4 projection_matrix;
400    mat4x4 view_matrix;
401    mat4x4 model_matrix;
402
403    float spin_angle;
404    float spin_increment;
405    bool pause;
406
407    VkShaderModule vert_shader_module;
408    VkShaderModule frag_shader_module;
409
410    VkDescriptorPool desc_pool;
411    VkDescriptorSet desc_set;
412
413    VkFramebuffer *framebuffers;
414
415    bool quit;
416    int32_t curFrame;
417    int32_t frameCount;
418    bool validate;
419    bool use_break;
420    PFN_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT CreateDebugReportCallback;
421    PFN_vkDestroyDebugReportCallbackEXT DestroyDebugReportCallback;
422    VkDebugReportCallbackEXT msg_callback;
423    PFN_vkDebugReportMessageEXT DebugReportMessage;
424
425    uint32_t current_buffer;
426    uint32_t queue_count;
427};
428
429// Forward declaration:
430static void demo_resize(struct demo *demo);
431
432static bool memory_type_from_properties(struct demo *demo, uint32_t typeBits,
433                                        VkFlags requirements_mask,
434                                        uint32_t *typeIndex) {
435    // Search memtypes to find first index with those properties
436    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
437        if ((typeBits & 1) == 1) {
438            // Type is available, does it match user properties?
439            if ((demo->memory_properties.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags &
440                 requirements_mask) == requirements_mask) {
441                *typeIndex = i;
442                return true;
443            }
444        }
445        typeBits >>= 1;
446    }
447    // No memory types matched, return failure
448    return false;
449}
450
451static void demo_flush_init_cmd(struct demo *demo) {
452    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
453
454    if (demo->cmd == VK_NULL_HANDLE)
455        return;
456
457    err = vkEndCommandBuffer(demo->cmd);
458    assert(!err);
459
460    const VkCommandBuffer cmd_bufs[] = {demo->cmd};
461    VkFence nullFence = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
462    VkSubmitInfo submit_info = {.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO,
463                                .pNext = NULL,
464                                .waitSemaphoreCount = 0,
465                                .pWaitSemaphores = NULL,
466                                .pWaitDstStageMask = NULL,
467                                .commandBufferCount = 1,
468                                .pCommandBuffers = cmd_bufs,
469                                .signalSemaphoreCount = 0,
470                                .pSignalSemaphores = NULL};
471
472    err = vkQueueSubmit(demo->queue, 1, &submit_info, nullFence);
473    assert(!err);
474
475    err = vkQueueWaitIdle(demo->queue);
476    assert(!err);
477
478    vkFreeCommandBuffers(demo->device, demo->cmd_pool, 1, cmd_bufs);
479    demo->cmd = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
480}
481
482static void demo_set_image_layout(struct demo *demo, VkImage image,
483                                  VkImageAspectFlags aspectMask,
484                                  VkImageLayout old_image_layout,
485                                  VkImageLayout new_image_layout,
486                                  VkAccessFlagBits srcAccessMask) {
487    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
488
489    if (demo->cmd == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
490        const VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cmd = {
491            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO,
492            .pNext = NULL,
493            .commandPool = demo->cmd_pool,
494            .level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
495            .commandBufferCount = 1,
496        };
497
498        err = vkAllocateCommandBuffers(demo->device, &cmd, &demo->cmd);
499        assert(!err);
500
501        VkCommandBufferInheritanceInfo cmd_buf_hinfo = {
502            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_INHERITANCE_INFO,
503            .pNext = NULL,
504            .renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
505            .subpass = 0,
506            .framebuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
507            .occlusionQueryEnable = VK_FALSE,
508            .queryFlags = 0,
509            .pipelineStatistics = 0,
510        };
511        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmd_buf_info = {
512            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO,
513            .pNext = NULL,
514            .flags = 0,
515            .pInheritanceInfo = &cmd_buf_hinfo,
516        };
517        err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(demo->cmd, &cmd_buf_info);
518        assert(!err);
519    }
520
521    VkImageMemoryBarrier image_memory_barrier = {
522        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
523        .pNext = NULL,
524        .srcAccessMask = srcAccessMask,
525        .dstAccessMask = 0,
526        .oldLayout = old_image_layout,
527        .newLayout = new_image_layout,
528        .image = image,
529        .subresourceRange = {aspectMask, 0, 1, 0, 1}};
530
531    if (new_image_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL) {
532        /* Make sure anything that was copying from this image has completed */
533        image_memory_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
534    }
535
536    if (new_image_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL) {
537        image_memory_barrier.dstAccessMask =
538            VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
539    }
540
541    if (new_image_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL) {
542        image_memory_barrier.dstAccessMask =
543            VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
544    }
545
546    if (new_image_layout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL) {
547        /* Make sure any Copy or CPU writes to image are flushed */
548        image_memory_barrier.dstAccessMask =
549            VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT;
550    }
551
552    VkImageMemoryBarrier *pmemory_barrier = &image_memory_barrier;
553
554    VkPipelineStageFlags src_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT;
555    VkPipelineStageFlags dest_stages = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT;
556
557    vkCmdPipelineBarrier(demo->cmd, src_stages, dest_stages, 0, 0, NULL, 0,
558                         NULL, 1, pmemory_barrier);
559}
560
561static void demo_draw_build_cmd(struct demo *demo, VkCommandBuffer cmd_buf) {
562    VkCommandBufferInheritanceInfo cmd_buf_hinfo = {
563        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_INHERITANCE_INFO,
564        .pNext = NULL,
565        .renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
566        .subpass = 0,
567        .framebuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
568        .occlusionQueryEnable = VK_FALSE,
569        .queryFlags = 0,
570        .pipelineStatistics = 0,
571    };
572    const VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmd_buf_info = {
573        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO,
574        .pNext = NULL,
575        .flags = 0,
576        .pInheritanceInfo = &cmd_buf_hinfo,
577    };
578    const VkClearValue clear_values[2] = {
579            [0] = {.color.float32 = {0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f}},
580            [1] = {.depthStencil = {1.0f, 0}},
581    };
582    const VkRenderPassBeginInfo rp_begin = {
583        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO,
584        .pNext = NULL,
585        .renderPass = demo->render_pass,
586        .framebuffer = demo->framebuffers[demo->current_buffer],
587        .renderArea.offset.x = 0,
588        .renderArea.offset.y = 0,
589        .renderArea.extent.width = demo->width,
590        .renderArea.extent.height = demo->height,
591        .clearValueCount = 2,
592        .pClearValues = clear_values,
593    };
594    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
595
596    err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd_buf, &cmd_buf_info);
597    assert(!err);
598
599    vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd_buf, &rp_begin, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
600
601    vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd_buf, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, demo->pipeline);
602    vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd_buf, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
603                            demo->pipeline_layout, 0, 1, &demo->desc_set, 0,
604                            NULL);
605
606    VkViewport viewport;
607    memset(&viewport, 0, sizeof(viewport));
608    viewport.height = (float)demo->height;
609    viewport.width = (float)demo->width;
610    viewport.minDepth = (float)0.0f;
611    viewport.maxDepth = (float)1.0f;
612    vkCmdSetViewport(cmd_buf, 0, 1, &viewport);
613
614    VkRect2D scissor;
615    memset(&scissor, 0, sizeof(scissor));
616    scissor.extent.width = demo->width;
617    scissor.extent.height = demo->height;
618    scissor.offset.x = 0;
619    scissor.offset.y = 0;
620    vkCmdSetScissor(cmd_buf, 0, 1, &scissor);
621
622    vkCmdDraw(cmd_buf, 12 * 3, 1, 0, 0);
623    vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd_buf);
624
625    VkImageMemoryBarrier prePresentBarrier = {
626        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
627        .pNext = NULL,
628        .srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
629        .dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT,
630        .oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
631        .newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR,
632        .srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
633        .dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
634        .subresourceRange = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1}};
635
636    prePresentBarrier.image = demo->buffers[demo->current_buffer].image;
637    VkImageMemoryBarrier *pmemory_barrier = &prePresentBarrier;
638    vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd_buf, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT,
639                         VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT, 0, 0, NULL, 0,
640                         NULL, 1, pmemory_barrier);
641
642    err = vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd_buf);
643    assert(!err);
644}
645
646void demo_update_data_buffer(struct demo *demo) {
647    mat4x4 MVP, Model, VP;
648    int matrixSize = sizeof(MVP);
649    uint8_t *pData;
650    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
651
652    mat4x4_mul(VP, demo->projection_matrix, demo->view_matrix);
653
654    // Rotate 22.5 degrees around the Y axis
655    mat4x4_dup(Model, demo->model_matrix);
656    mat4x4_rotate(demo->model_matrix, Model, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
657                  (float)degreesToRadians(demo->spin_angle));
658    mat4x4_mul(MVP, VP, demo->model_matrix);
659
660    err = vkMapMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.mem, 0,
661                      demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.allocationSize, 0,
662                      (void **)&pData);
663    assert(!err);
664
665    memcpy(pData, (const void *)&MVP[0][0], matrixSize);
666
667    vkUnmapMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.mem);
668}
669
670static void demo_draw(struct demo *demo) {
671    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
672    VkSemaphore presentCompleteSemaphore;
673    VkSemaphoreCreateInfo presentCompleteSemaphoreCreateInfo = {
674        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO,
675        .pNext = NULL,
676        .flags = 0,
677    };
678    VkFence nullFence = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
679
680    err = vkCreateSemaphore(demo->device, &presentCompleteSemaphoreCreateInfo,
681                            NULL, &presentCompleteSemaphore);
682    assert(!err);
683
684    // Get the index of the next available swapchain image:
685    err = demo->fpAcquireNextImageKHR(demo->device, demo->swapchain, UINT64_MAX,
686                                      presentCompleteSemaphore,
687                                      (VkFence)0, // TODO: Show use of fence
688                                      &demo->current_buffer);
689    if (err == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR) {
690        // demo->swapchain is out of date (e.g. the window was resized) and
691        // must be recreated:
692        demo_resize(demo);
693        demo_draw(demo);
694        vkDestroySemaphore(demo->device, presentCompleteSemaphore, NULL);
695        return;
696    } else if (err == VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR) {
697        // demo->swapchain is not as optimal as it could be, but the platform's
698        // presentation engine will still present the image correctly.
699    } else {
700        assert(!err);
701    }
702
703    // Assume the command buffer has been run on current_buffer before so
704    // we need to set the image layout back to COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL
705    demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->buffers[demo->current_buffer].image,
706                          VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
707                          VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR,
708                          VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
709                          0);
710    demo_flush_init_cmd(demo);
711
712    // Wait for the present complete semaphore to be signaled to ensure
713    // that the image won't be rendered to until the presentation
714    // engine has fully released ownership to the application, and it is
715    // okay to render to the image.
716
717    // FIXME/TODO: DEAL WITH VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR
718    VkPipelineStageFlags pipe_stage_flags =
719        VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
720    VkSubmitInfo submit_info = {.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO,
721                                .pNext = NULL,
722                                .waitSemaphoreCount = 1,
723                                .pWaitSemaphores = &presentCompleteSemaphore,
724                                .pWaitDstStageMask = &pipe_stage_flags,
725                                .commandBufferCount = 1,
726                                .pCommandBuffers =
727                                    &demo->buffers[demo->current_buffer].cmd,
728                                .signalSemaphoreCount = 0,
729                                .pSignalSemaphores = NULL};
730
731    err = vkQueueSubmit(demo->queue, 1, &submit_info, nullFence);
732    assert(!err);
733
734    VkPresentInfoKHR present = {
735        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR,
736        .pNext = NULL,
737        .swapchainCount = 1,
738        .pSwapchains = &demo->swapchain,
739        .pImageIndices = &demo->current_buffer,
740    };
741
742    // TBD/TODO: SHOULD THE "present" PARAMETER BE "const" IN THE HEADER?
743    err = demo->fpQueuePresentKHR(demo->queue, &present);
744    if (err == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR) {
745        // demo->swapchain is out of date (e.g. the window was resized) and
746        // must be recreated:
747        demo_resize(demo);
748    } else if (err == VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR) {
749        // demo->swapchain is not as optimal as it could be, but the platform's
750        // presentation engine will still present the image correctly.
751    } else {
752        assert(!err);
753    }
754
755    err = vkQueueWaitIdle(demo->queue);
756    assert(err == VK_SUCCESS);
757
758    vkDestroySemaphore(demo->device, presentCompleteSemaphore, NULL);
759}
760
761static void demo_prepare_buffers(struct demo *demo) {
762    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
763    VkSwapchainKHR oldSwapchain = demo->swapchain;
764
765    // Check the surface capabilities and formats
766    VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR surfCapabilities;
767    err = demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(
768        demo->gpu, demo->surface, &surfCapabilities);
769    assert(!err);
770
771    uint32_t presentModeCount;
772    err = demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(
773        demo->gpu, demo->surface, &presentModeCount, NULL);
774    assert(!err);
775    VkPresentModeKHR *presentModes =
776        (VkPresentModeKHR *)malloc(presentModeCount * sizeof(VkPresentModeKHR));
777    assert(presentModes);
778    err = demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(
779        demo->gpu, demo->surface, &presentModeCount, presentModes);
780    assert(!err);
781
782    VkExtent2D swapchainExtent;
783    // width and height are either both -1, or both not -1.
784    if (surfCapabilities.currentExtent.width == (uint32_t)-1) {
785        // If the surface size is undefined, the size is set to
786        // the size of the images requested.
787        swapchainExtent.width = demo->width;
788        swapchainExtent.height = demo->height;
789    } else {
790        // If the surface size is defined, the swap chain size must match
791        swapchainExtent = surfCapabilities.currentExtent;
792        demo->width = surfCapabilities.currentExtent.width;
793        demo->height = surfCapabilities.currentExtent.height;
794    }
795
796    // If mailbox mode is available, use it, as is the lowest-latency non-
797    // tearing mode.  If not, try IMMEDIATE which will usually be available,
798    // and is fastest (though it tears).  If not, fall back to FIFO which is
799    // always available.
800    VkPresentModeKHR swapchainPresentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
801    for (size_t i = 0; i < presentModeCount; i++) {
802        if (presentModes[i] == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) {
803            swapchainPresentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR;
804            break;
805        }
806        if ((swapchainPresentMode != VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) &&
807            (presentModes[i] == VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR)) {
808            swapchainPresentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR;
809        }
810    }
811
812    // Determine the number of VkImage's to use in the swap chain (we desire to
813    // own only 1 image at a time, besides the images being displayed and
814    // queued for display):
815    uint32_t desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages =
816        surfCapabilities.minImageCount + 1;
817    if ((surfCapabilities.maxImageCount > 0) &&
818        (desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages > surfCapabilities.maxImageCount)) {
819        // Application must settle for fewer images than desired:
820        desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages = surfCapabilities.maxImageCount;
821    }
822
823    VkSurfaceTransformFlagsKHR preTransform;
824    if (surfCapabilities.supportedTransforms &
825        VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR) {
826        preTransform = VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR;
827    } else {
828        preTransform = surfCapabilities.currentTransform;
829    }
830
831    const VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR swapchain = {
832        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR,
833        .pNext = NULL,
834        .surface = demo->surface,
835        .minImageCount = desiredNumberOfSwapchainImages,
836        .imageFormat = demo->format,
837        .imageColorSpace = demo->color_space,
838        .imageExtent =
839            {
840             .width = swapchainExtent.width, .height = swapchainExtent.height,
841            },
842        .imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT,
843        .preTransform = preTransform,
844        .compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR,
845        .imageArrayLayers = 1,
846        .imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE,
847        .queueFamilyIndexCount = 0,
848        .pQueueFamilyIndices = NULL,
849        .presentMode = swapchainPresentMode,
850        .oldSwapchain = oldSwapchain,
851        .clipped = true,
852    };
853    uint32_t i;
854
855    err = demo->fpCreateSwapchainKHR(demo->device, &swapchain, NULL,
856                                     &demo->swapchain);
857    assert(!err);
858
859    // If we just re-created an existing swapchain, we should destroy the old
860    // swapchain at this point.
861    // Note: destroying the swapchain also cleans up all its associated
862    // presentable images once the platform is done with them.
863    if (oldSwapchain != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
864        demo->fpDestroySwapchainKHR(demo->device, oldSwapchain, NULL);
865    }
866
867    err = demo->fpGetSwapchainImagesKHR(demo->device, demo->swapchain,
868                                        &demo->swapchainImageCount, NULL);
869    assert(!err);
870
871    VkImage *swapchainImages =
872        (VkImage *)malloc(demo->swapchainImageCount * sizeof(VkImage));
873    assert(swapchainImages);
874    err = demo->fpGetSwapchainImagesKHR(demo->device, demo->swapchain,
875                                        &demo->swapchainImageCount,
876                                        swapchainImages);
877    assert(!err);
878
879    demo->buffers = (SwapchainBuffers *)malloc(sizeof(SwapchainBuffers) *
880                                               demo->swapchainImageCount);
881    assert(demo->buffers);
882
883    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
884        VkImageViewCreateInfo color_image_view = {
885            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
886            .pNext = NULL,
887            .format = demo->format,
888            .components =
889                {
890                 .r = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_R,
891                 .g = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_G,
892                 .b = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_B,
893                 .a = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_A,
894                },
895            .subresourceRange = {.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
896                                 .baseMipLevel = 0,
897                                 .levelCount = 1,
898                                 .baseArrayLayer = 0,
899                                 .layerCount = 1},
900            .viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D,
901            .flags = 0,
902        };
903
904        demo->buffers[i].image = swapchainImages[i];
905
906        // Render loop will expect image to have been used before and in
907        // VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR
908        // layout and will change to COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, so init the image
909        // to that state
910        demo_set_image_layout(
911            demo, demo->buffers[i].image, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
912            VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR,
913            0);
914
915        color_image_view.image = demo->buffers[i].image;
916
917        err = vkCreateImageView(demo->device, &color_image_view, NULL,
918                                &demo->buffers[i].view);
919        assert(!err);
920    }
921
922    if (NULL != presentModes) {
923        free(presentModes);
924    }
925}
926
927static void demo_prepare_depth(struct demo *demo) {
928    const VkFormat depth_format = VK_FORMAT_D16_UNORM;
929    const VkImageCreateInfo image = {
930        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO,
931        .pNext = NULL,
932        .imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D,
933        .format = depth_format,
934        .extent = {demo->width, demo->height, 1},
935        .mipLevels = 1,
936        .arrayLayers = 1,
937        .samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
938        .tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL,
939        .usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT,
940        .flags = 0,
941    };
942
943    VkImageViewCreateInfo view = {
944        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
945        .pNext = NULL,
946        .image = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
947        .format = depth_format,
948        .subresourceRange = {.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT,
949                             .baseMipLevel = 0,
950                             .levelCount = 1,
951                             .baseArrayLayer = 0,
952                             .layerCount = 1},
953        .flags = 0,
954        .viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D,
955    };
956
957    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
958    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
959    bool U_ASSERT_ONLY pass;
960
961    demo->depth.format = depth_format;
962
963    /* create image */
964    err = vkCreateImage(demo->device, &image, NULL, &demo->depth.image);
965    assert(!err);
966
967    vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(demo->device, demo->depth.image, &mem_reqs);
968    assert(!err);
969
970    demo->depth.mem_alloc.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
971    demo->depth.mem_alloc.pNext = NULL;
972    demo->depth.mem_alloc.allocationSize = mem_reqs.size;
973    demo->depth.mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex = 0;
974
975    pass = memory_type_from_properties(demo, mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits,
976                                       0, /* No requirements */
977                                       &demo->depth.mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex);
978    assert(pass);
979
980    /* allocate memory */
981    err = vkAllocateMemory(demo->device, &demo->depth.mem_alloc, NULL,
982                           &demo->depth.mem);
983    assert(!err);
984
985    /* bind memory */
986    err =
987        vkBindImageMemory(demo->device, demo->depth.image, demo->depth.mem, 0);
988    assert(!err);
989
990    demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->depth.image, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT,
991                          VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
992                          VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
993                          0);
994
995    /* create image view */
996    view.image = demo->depth.image;
997    err = vkCreateImageView(demo->device, &view, NULL, &demo->depth.view);
998    assert(!err);
999}
1000
1001/* Load a ppm file into memory */
1002bool loadTexture(const char *filename, uint8_t *rgba_data,
1003                 VkSubresourceLayout *layout, int32_t *width, int32_t *height) {
1004    FILE *fPtr = fopen(filename, "rb");
1005    char header[256], *cPtr, *tmp;
1006
1007    if (!fPtr)
1008        return false;
1009
1010    cPtr = fgets(header, 256, fPtr); // P6
1011    if (cPtr == NULL || strncmp(header, "P6\n", 3)) {
1012        fclose(fPtr);
1013        return false;
1014    }
1015
1016    do {
1017        cPtr = fgets(header, 256, fPtr);
1018        if (cPtr == NULL) {
1019            fclose(fPtr);
1020            return false;
1021        }
1022    } while (!strncmp(header, "#", 1));
1023
1024    sscanf(header, "%u %u", height, width);
1025    if (rgba_data == NULL) {
1026        fclose(fPtr);
1027        return true;
1028    }
1029    tmp = fgets(header, 256, fPtr); // Format
1030    (void)tmp;
1031    if (cPtr == NULL || strncmp(header, "255\n", 3)) {
1032        fclose(fPtr);
1033        return false;
1034    }
1035
1036    for (int y = 0; y < *height; y++) {
1037        uint8_t *rowPtr = rgba_data;
1038        for (int x = 0; x < *width; x++) {
1039            size_t s = fread(rowPtr, 3, 1, fPtr);
1040            (void)s;
1041            rowPtr[3] = 255; /* Alpha of 1 */
1042            rowPtr += 4;
1043        }
1044        rgba_data += layout->rowPitch;
1045    }
1046    fclose(fPtr);
1047    return true;
1048}
1049
1050static void demo_prepare_texture_image(struct demo *demo, const char *filename,
1051                                       struct texture_object *tex_obj,
1052                                       VkImageTiling tiling,
1053                                       VkImageUsageFlags usage,
1054                                       VkFlags required_props) {
1055    const VkFormat tex_format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
1056    int32_t tex_width;
1057    int32_t tex_height;
1058    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1059    bool U_ASSERT_ONLY pass;
1060
1061    if (!loadTexture(filename, NULL, NULL, &tex_width, &tex_height)) {
1062        printf("Failed to load textures\n");
1063        fflush(stdout);
1064        exit(1);
1065    }
1066
1067    tex_obj->tex_width = tex_width;
1068    tex_obj->tex_height = tex_height;
1069
1070    const VkImageCreateInfo image_create_info = {
1071        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO,
1072        .pNext = NULL,
1073        .imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D,
1074        .format = tex_format,
1075        .extent = {tex_width, tex_height, 1},
1076        .mipLevels = 1,
1077        .arrayLayers = 1,
1078        .samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
1079        .tiling = tiling,
1080        .usage = usage,
1081        .flags = 0,
1082        .initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PREINITIALIZED,
1083    };
1084
1085    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
1086
1087    err =
1088        vkCreateImage(demo->device, &image_create_info, NULL, &tex_obj->image);
1089    assert(!err);
1090
1091    vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(demo->device, tex_obj->image, &mem_reqs);
1092
1093    tex_obj->mem_alloc.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
1094    tex_obj->mem_alloc.pNext = NULL;
1095    tex_obj->mem_alloc.allocationSize = mem_reqs.size;
1096    tex_obj->mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex = 0;
1097
1098    pass = memory_type_from_properties(demo, mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits,
1099                                       required_props,
1100                                       &tex_obj->mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex);
1101    assert(pass);
1102
1103    /* allocate memory */
1104    err = vkAllocateMemory(demo->device, &tex_obj->mem_alloc, NULL,
1105                           &(tex_obj->mem));
1106    assert(!err);
1107
1108    /* bind memory */
1109    err = vkBindImageMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->image, tex_obj->mem, 0);
1110    assert(!err);
1111
1112    if (required_props & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT) {
1113        const VkImageSubresource subres = {
1114            .aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
1115            .mipLevel = 0,
1116            .arrayLayer = 0,
1117        };
1118        VkSubresourceLayout layout;
1119        void *data;
1120
1121        vkGetImageSubresourceLayout(demo->device, tex_obj->image, &subres,
1122                                    &layout);
1123
1124        err = vkMapMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->mem, 0,
1125                          tex_obj->mem_alloc.allocationSize, 0, &data);
1126        assert(!err);
1127
1128        if (!loadTexture(filename, data, &layout, &tex_width, &tex_height)) {
1129            fprintf(stderr, "Error loading texture: %s\n", filename);
1130        }
1131
1132        vkUnmapMemory(demo->device, tex_obj->mem);
1133    }
1134
1135    tex_obj->imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
1136    demo_set_image_layout(demo, tex_obj->image, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
1137                          VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PREINITIALIZED, tex_obj->imageLayout,
1138                          VK_ACCESS_HOST_WRITE_BIT);
1139    /* setting the image layout does not reference the actual memory so no need
1140     * to add a mem ref */
1141}
1142
1143static void demo_destroy_texture_image(struct demo *demo,
1144                                       struct texture_object *tex_objs) {
1145    /* clean up staging resources */
1146    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, tex_objs->mem, NULL);
1147    vkDestroyImage(demo->device, tex_objs->image, NULL);
1148}
1149
1150static void demo_prepare_textures(struct demo *demo) {
1151    const VkFormat tex_format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
1152    VkFormatProperties props;
1153    uint32_t i;
1154
1155    vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(demo->gpu, tex_format, &props);
1156
1157    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
1158        VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1159
1160        if ((props.linearTilingFeatures &
1161             VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_SAMPLED_IMAGE_BIT) &&
1162            !demo->use_staging_buffer) {
1163            /* Device can texture using linear textures */
1164            demo_prepare_texture_image(demo, tex_files[i], &demo->textures[i],
1165                                       VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR,
1166                                       VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT,
1167                                       VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
1168        } else if (props.optimalTilingFeatures &
1169                   VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_SAMPLED_IMAGE_BIT) {
1170            /* Must use staging buffer to copy linear texture to optimized */
1171            struct texture_object staging_texture;
1172
1173            memset(&staging_texture, 0, sizeof(staging_texture));
1174            demo_prepare_texture_image(demo, tex_files[i], &staging_texture,
1175                                       VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR,
1176                                       VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT,
1177                                       VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
1178
1179            demo_prepare_texture_image(
1180                demo, tex_files[i], &demo->textures[i], VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL,
1181                (VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT),
1182                VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
1183
1184            demo_set_image_layout(demo, staging_texture.image,
1185                                  VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
1186                                  staging_texture.imageLayout,
1187                                  VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL,
1188                                  0);
1189
1190            demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->textures[i].image,
1191                                  VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
1192                                  demo->textures[i].imageLayout,
1193                                  VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
1194                                  0);
1195
1196            VkImageCopy copy_region = {
1197                .srcSubresource = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1},
1198                .srcOffset = {0, 0, 0},
1199                .dstSubresource = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1},
1200                .dstOffset = {0, 0, 0},
1201                .extent = {staging_texture.tex_width,
1202                           staging_texture.tex_height, 1},
1203            };
1204            vkCmdCopyImage(
1205                demo->cmd, staging_texture.image,
1206                VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL, demo->textures[i].image,
1207                VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, 1, &copy_region);
1208
1209            demo_set_image_layout(demo, demo->textures[i].image,
1210                                  VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT,
1211                                  VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
1212                                  demo->textures[i].imageLayout,
1213                                  0);
1214
1215            demo_flush_init_cmd(demo);
1216
1217            demo_destroy_texture_image(demo, &staging_texture);
1218        } else {
1219            /* Can't support VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM !? */
1220            assert(!"No support for R8G8B8A8_UNORM as texture image format");
1221        }
1222
1223        const VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler = {
1224            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO,
1225            .pNext = NULL,
1226            .magFilter = VK_FILTER_NEAREST,
1227            .minFilter = VK_FILTER_NEAREST,
1228            .mipmapMode = VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST,
1229            .addressModeU = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE,
1230            .addressModeV = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE,
1231            .addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE,
1232            .mipLodBias = 0.0f,
1233            .anisotropyEnable = VK_FALSE,
1234            .maxAnisotropy = 1,
1235            .compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER,
1236            .minLod = 0.0f,
1237            .maxLod = 0.0f,
1238            .borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_FLOAT_OPAQUE_WHITE,
1239            .unnormalizedCoordinates = VK_FALSE,
1240        };
1241
1242        VkImageViewCreateInfo view = {
1243            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
1244            .pNext = NULL,
1245            .image = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
1246            .viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D,
1247            .format = tex_format,
1248            .components =
1249                {
1250                 VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_R, VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_G,
1251                 VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_B, VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_A,
1252                },
1253            .subresourceRange = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1},
1254            .flags = 0,
1255        };
1256
1257        /* create sampler */
1258        err = vkCreateSampler(demo->device, &sampler, NULL,
1259                              &demo->textures[i].sampler);
1260        assert(!err);
1261
1262        /* create image view */
1263        view.image = demo->textures[i].image;
1264        err = vkCreateImageView(demo->device, &view, NULL,
1265                                &demo->textures[i].view);
1266        assert(!err);
1267    }
1268}
1269
1270void demo_prepare_cube_data_buffer(struct demo *demo) {
1271    VkBufferCreateInfo buf_info;
1272    VkMemoryRequirements mem_reqs;
1273    uint8_t *pData;
1274    int i;
1275    mat4x4 MVP, VP;
1276    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1277    bool U_ASSERT_ONLY pass;
1278    struct vktexcube_vs_uniform data;
1279
1280    mat4x4_mul(VP, demo->projection_matrix, demo->view_matrix);
1281    mat4x4_mul(MVP, VP, demo->model_matrix);
1282    memcpy(data.mvp, MVP, sizeof(MVP));
1283    //    dumpMatrix("MVP", MVP);
1284
1285    for (i = 0; i < 12 * 3; i++) {
1286        data.position[i][0] = g_vertex_buffer_data[i * 3];
1287        data.position[i][1] = g_vertex_buffer_data[i * 3 + 1];
1288        data.position[i][2] = g_vertex_buffer_data[i * 3 + 2];
1289        data.position[i][3] = 1.0f;
1290        data.attr[i][0] = g_uv_buffer_data[2 * i];
1291        data.attr[i][1] = g_uv_buffer_data[2 * i + 1];
1292        data.attr[i][2] = 0;
1293        data.attr[i][3] = 0;
1294    }
1295
1296    memset(&buf_info, 0, sizeof(buf_info));
1297    buf_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
1298    buf_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT;
1299    buf_info.size = sizeof(data);
1300    err =
1301        vkCreateBuffer(demo->device, &buf_info, NULL, &demo->uniform_data.buf);
1302    assert(!err);
1303
1304    vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.buf,
1305                                  &mem_reqs);
1306
1307    demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
1308    demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.pNext = NULL;
1309    demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.allocationSize = mem_reqs.size;
1310    demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex = 0;
1311
1312    pass = memory_type_from_properties(
1313        demo, mem_reqs.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT,
1314        &demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.memoryTypeIndex);
1315    assert(pass);
1316
1317    err = vkAllocateMemory(demo->device, &demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc, NULL,
1318                           &(demo->uniform_data.mem));
1319    assert(!err);
1320
1321    err = vkMapMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.mem, 0,
1322                      demo->uniform_data.mem_alloc.allocationSize, 0,
1323                      (void **)&pData);
1324    assert(!err);
1325
1326    memcpy(pData, &data, sizeof data);
1327
1328    vkUnmapMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.mem);
1329
1330    err = vkBindBufferMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.buf,
1331                             demo->uniform_data.mem, 0);
1332    assert(!err);
1333
1334    demo->uniform_data.buffer_info.buffer = demo->uniform_data.buf;
1335    demo->uniform_data.buffer_info.offset = 0;
1336    demo->uniform_data.buffer_info.range = sizeof(data);
1337}
1338
1339static void demo_prepare_descriptor_layout(struct demo *demo) {
1340    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding layout_bindings[2] = {
1341            [0] =
1342                {
1343                 .binding = 0,
1344                 .descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
1345                 .descriptorCount = 1,
1346                 .stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
1347                 .pImmutableSamplers = NULL,
1348                },
1349            [1] =
1350                {
1351                 .binding = 1,
1352                 .descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
1353                 .descriptorCount = DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT,
1354                 .stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
1355                 .pImmutableSamplers = NULL,
1356                },
1357    };
1358    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptor_layout = {
1359        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO,
1360        .pNext = NULL,
1361        .bindingCount = 2,
1362        .pBindings = layout_bindings,
1363    };
1364    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1365
1366    err = vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(demo->device, &descriptor_layout, NULL,
1367                                      &demo->desc_layout);
1368    assert(!err);
1369
1370    const VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo = {
1371        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO,
1372        .pNext = NULL,
1373        .setLayoutCount = 1,
1374        .pSetLayouts = &demo->desc_layout,
1375    };
1376
1377    err = vkCreatePipelineLayout(demo->device, &pPipelineLayoutCreateInfo, NULL,
1378                                 &demo->pipeline_layout);
1379    assert(!err);
1380}
1381
1382static void demo_prepare_render_pass(struct demo *demo) {
1383    const VkAttachmentDescription attachments[2] = {
1384            [0] =
1385                {
1386                 .format = demo->format,
1387                 .samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
1388                 .loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
1389                 .storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
1390                 .stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
1391                 .stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
1392                 .initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1393                 .finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1394                },
1395            [1] =
1396                {
1397                 .format = demo->depth.format,
1398                 .samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
1399                 .loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
1400                 .storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
1401                 .stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
1402                 .stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
1403                 .initialLayout =
1404                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1405                 .finalLayout =
1406                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1407                },
1408    };
1409    const VkAttachmentReference color_reference = {
1410        .attachment = 0, .layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1411    };
1412    const VkAttachmentReference depth_reference = {
1413        .attachment = 1,
1414        .layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
1415    };
1416    const VkSubpassDescription subpass = {
1417        .pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
1418        .flags = 0,
1419        .inputAttachmentCount = 0,
1420        .pInputAttachments = NULL,
1421        .colorAttachmentCount = 1,
1422        .pColorAttachments = &color_reference,
1423        .pResolveAttachments = NULL,
1424        .pDepthStencilAttachment = &depth_reference,
1425        .preserveAttachmentCount = 0,
1426        .pPreserveAttachments = NULL,
1427    };
1428    const VkRenderPassCreateInfo rp_info = {
1429        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
1430        .pNext = NULL,
1431        .attachmentCount = 2,
1432        .pAttachments = attachments,
1433        .subpassCount = 1,
1434        .pSubpasses = &subpass,
1435        .dependencyCount = 0,
1436        .pDependencies = NULL,
1437    };
1438    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1439
1440    err = vkCreateRenderPass(demo->device, &rp_info, NULL, &demo->render_pass);
1441    assert(!err);
1442}
1443
1444static VkShaderModule
1445demo_prepare_shader_module(struct demo *demo, const void *code, size_t size) {
1446    VkShaderModule module;
1447    VkShaderModuleCreateInfo moduleCreateInfo;
1448    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1449
1450    moduleCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO;
1451    moduleCreateInfo.pNext = NULL;
1452
1453    moduleCreateInfo.codeSize = size;
1454    moduleCreateInfo.pCode = code;
1455    moduleCreateInfo.flags = 0;
1456    err = vkCreateShaderModule(demo->device, &moduleCreateInfo, NULL, &module);
1457    assert(!err);
1458
1459    return module;
1460}
1461
1462char *demo_read_spv(const char *filename, size_t *psize) {
1463    long int size;
1464    size_t U_ASSERT_ONLY retval;
1465    void *shader_code;
1466
1467    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "rb");
1468    if (!fp)
1469        return NULL;
1470
1471    fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_END);
1472    size = ftell(fp);
1473
1474    fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_SET);
1475
1476    shader_code = malloc(size);
1477    retval = fread(shader_code, size, 1, fp);
1478    assert(retval == 1);
1479
1480    *psize = size;
1481
1482    fclose(fp);
1483    return shader_code;
1484}
1485
1486static VkShaderModule demo_prepare_vs(struct demo *demo) {
1487    void *vertShaderCode;
1488    size_t size;
1489
1490    vertShaderCode = demo_read_spv("cube-vert.spv", &size);
1491
1492    demo->vert_shader_module =
1493        demo_prepare_shader_module(demo, vertShaderCode, size);
1494
1495    free(vertShaderCode);
1496
1497    return demo->vert_shader_module;
1498}
1499
1500static VkShaderModule demo_prepare_fs(struct demo *demo) {
1501    void *fragShaderCode;
1502    size_t size;
1503
1504    fragShaderCode = demo_read_spv("cube-frag.spv", &size);
1505
1506    demo->frag_shader_module =
1507        demo_prepare_shader_module(demo, fragShaderCode, size);
1508
1509    free(fragShaderCode);
1510
1511    return demo->frag_shader_module;
1512}
1513
1514static void demo_prepare_pipeline(struct demo *demo) {
1515    VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipeline;
1516    VkPipelineCacheCreateInfo pipelineCache;
1517    VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vi;
1518    VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia;
1519    VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rs;
1520    VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo cb;
1521    VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo ds;
1522    VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo vp;
1523    VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo ms;
1524    VkDynamicState dynamicStateEnables[VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_RANGE_SIZE];
1525    VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState;
1526    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1527
1528    memset(dynamicStateEnables, 0, sizeof dynamicStateEnables);
1529    memset(&dynamicState, 0, sizeof dynamicState);
1530    dynamicState.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1531    dynamicState.pDynamicStates = dynamicStateEnables;
1532
1533    memset(&pipeline, 0, sizeof(pipeline));
1534    pipeline.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO;
1535    pipeline.layout = demo->pipeline_layout;
1536
1537    memset(&vi, 0, sizeof(vi));
1538    vi.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1539
1540    memset(&ia, 0, sizeof(ia));
1541    ia.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1542    ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
1543
1544    memset(&rs, 0, sizeof(rs));
1545    rs.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1546    rs.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL;
1547    rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT;
1548    rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE;
1549    rs.depthClampEnable = VK_FALSE;
1550    rs.rasterizerDiscardEnable = VK_FALSE;
1551    rs.depthBiasEnable = VK_FALSE;
1552
1553    memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
1554    cb.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1555    VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState att_state[1];
1556    memset(att_state, 0, sizeof(att_state));
1557    att_state[0].colorWriteMask = 0xf;
1558    att_state[0].blendEnable = VK_FALSE;
1559    cb.attachmentCount = 1;
1560    cb.pAttachments = att_state;
1561
1562    memset(&vp, 0, sizeof(vp));
1563    vp.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1564    vp.viewportCount = 1;
1565    dynamicStateEnables[dynamicState.dynamicStateCount++] =
1566        VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT;
1567    vp.scissorCount = 1;
1568    dynamicStateEnables[dynamicState.dynamicStateCount++] =
1569        VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR;
1570
1571    memset(&ds, 0, sizeof(ds));
1572    ds.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DEPTH_STENCIL_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1573    ds.depthTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
1574    ds.depthWriteEnable = VK_TRUE;
1575    ds.depthCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL;
1576    ds.depthBoundsTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
1577    ds.back.failOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
1578    ds.back.passOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
1579    ds.back.compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_ALWAYS;
1580    ds.stencilTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
1581    ds.front = ds.back;
1582
1583    memset(&ms, 0, sizeof(ms));
1584    ms.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO;
1585    ms.pSampleMask = NULL;
1586    ms.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
1587
1588    // Two stages: vs and fs
1589    pipeline.stageCount = 2;
1590    VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo shaderStages[2];
1591    memset(&shaderStages, 0, 2 * sizeof(VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo));
1592
1593    shaderStages[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
1594    shaderStages[0].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;
1595    shaderStages[0].module = demo_prepare_vs(demo);
1596    shaderStages[0].pName = "main";
1597
1598    shaderStages[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
1599    shaderStages[1].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
1600    shaderStages[1].module = demo_prepare_fs(demo);
1601    shaderStages[1].pName = "main";
1602
1603    memset(&pipelineCache, 0, sizeof(pipelineCache));
1604    pipelineCache.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_CACHE_CREATE_INFO;
1605
1606    err = vkCreatePipelineCache(demo->device, &pipelineCache, NULL,
1607                                &demo->pipelineCache);
1608    assert(!err);
1609
1610    pipeline.pVertexInputState = &vi;
1611    pipeline.pInputAssemblyState = &ia;
1612    pipeline.pRasterizationState = &rs;
1613    pipeline.pColorBlendState = &cb;
1614    pipeline.pMultisampleState = &ms;
1615    pipeline.pViewportState = &vp;
1616    pipeline.pDepthStencilState = &ds;
1617    pipeline.pStages = shaderStages;
1618    pipeline.renderPass = demo->render_pass;
1619    pipeline.pDynamicState = &dynamicState;
1620
1621    pipeline.renderPass = demo->render_pass;
1622
1623    err = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(demo->device, demo->pipelineCache, 1,
1624                                    &pipeline, NULL, &demo->pipeline);
1625    assert(!err);
1626
1627    vkDestroyShaderModule(demo->device, demo->frag_shader_module, NULL);
1628    vkDestroyShaderModule(demo->device, demo->vert_shader_module, NULL);
1629}
1630
1631static void demo_prepare_descriptor_pool(struct demo *demo) {
1632    const VkDescriptorPoolSize type_counts[2] = {
1633            [0] =
1634                {
1635                 .type = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
1636                 .descriptorCount = 1,
1637                },
1638            [1] =
1639                {
1640                 .type = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
1641                 .descriptorCount = DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT,
1642                },
1643    };
1644    const VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo descriptor_pool = {
1645        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO,
1646        .pNext = NULL,
1647        .maxSets = 1,
1648        .poolSizeCount = 2,
1649        .pPoolSizes = type_counts,
1650    };
1651    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1652
1653    err = vkCreateDescriptorPool(demo->device, &descriptor_pool, NULL,
1654                                 &demo->desc_pool);
1655    assert(!err);
1656}
1657
1658static void demo_prepare_descriptor_set(struct demo *demo) {
1659    VkDescriptorImageInfo tex_descs[DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT];
1660    VkWriteDescriptorSet writes[2];
1661    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1662    uint32_t i;
1663
1664    VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo alloc_info = {
1665        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO,
1666        .pNext = NULL,
1667        .descriptorPool = demo->desc_pool,
1668        .descriptorSetCount = 1,
1669        .pSetLayouts = &demo->desc_layout};
1670    err = vkAllocateDescriptorSets(demo->device, &alloc_info, &demo->desc_set);
1671    assert(!err);
1672
1673    memset(&tex_descs, 0, sizeof(tex_descs));
1674    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
1675        tex_descs[i].sampler = demo->textures[i].sampler;
1676        tex_descs[i].imageView = demo->textures[i].view;
1677        tex_descs[i].imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
1678    }
1679
1680    memset(&writes, 0, sizeof(writes));
1681
1682    writes[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET;
1683    writes[0].dstSet = demo->desc_set;
1684    writes[0].descriptorCount = 1;
1685    writes[0].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
1686    writes[0].pBufferInfo = &demo->uniform_data.buffer_info;
1687
1688    writes[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET;
1689    writes[1].dstSet = demo->desc_set;
1690    writes[1].dstBinding = 1;
1691    writes[1].descriptorCount = DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT;
1692    writes[1].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER;
1693    writes[1].pImageInfo = tex_descs;
1694
1695    vkUpdateDescriptorSets(demo->device, 2, writes, 0, NULL);
1696}
1697
1698static void demo_prepare_framebuffers(struct demo *demo) {
1699    VkImageView attachments[2];
1700    attachments[1] = demo->depth.view;
1701
1702    const VkFramebufferCreateInfo fb_info = {
1703        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO,
1704        .pNext = NULL,
1705        .renderPass = demo->render_pass,
1706        .attachmentCount = 2,
1707        .pAttachments = attachments,
1708        .width = demo->width,
1709        .height = demo->height,
1710        .layers = 1,
1711    };
1712    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1713    uint32_t i;
1714
1715    demo->framebuffers = (VkFramebuffer *)malloc(demo->swapchainImageCount *
1716                                                 sizeof(VkFramebuffer));
1717    assert(demo->framebuffers);
1718
1719    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1720        attachments[0] = demo->buffers[i].view;
1721        err = vkCreateFramebuffer(demo->device, &fb_info, NULL,
1722                                  &demo->framebuffers[i]);
1723        assert(!err);
1724    }
1725}
1726
1727static void demo_prepare(struct demo *demo) {
1728    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
1729
1730    const VkCommandPoolCreateInfo cmd_pool_info = {
1731        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO,
1732        .pNext = NULL,
1733        .queueFamilyIndex = demo->graphics_queue_node_index,
1734        .flags = 0,
1735    };
1736    err = vkCreateCommandPool(demo->device, &cmd_pool_info, NULL,
1737                              &demo->cmd_pool);
1738    assert(!err);
1739
1740    const VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cmd = {
1741        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO,
1742        .pNext = NULL,
1743        .commandPool = demo->cmd_pool,
1744        .level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
1745        .commandBufferCount = 1,
1746    };
1747
1748    demo_prepare_buffers(demo);
1749    demo_prepare_depth(demo);
1750    demo_prepare_textures(demo);
1751    demo_prepare_cube_data_buffer(demo);
1752
1753    demo_prepare_descriptor_layout(demo);
1754    demo_prepare_render_pass(demo);
1755    demo_prepare_pipeline(demo);
1756
1757    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1758        err =
1759            vkAllocateCommandBuffers(demo->device, &cmd, &demo->buffers[i].cmd);
1760        assert(!err);
1761    }
1762
1763    demo_prepare_descriptor_pool(demo);
1764    demo_prepare_descriptor_set(demo);
1765
1766    demo_prepare_framebuffers(demo);
1767
1768    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1769        demo->current_buffer = i;
1770        demo_draw_build_cmd(demo, demo->buffers[i].cmd);
1771    }
1772
1773    /*
1774     * Prepare functions above may generate pipeline commands
1775     * that need to be flushed before beginning the render loop.
1776     */
1777    demo_flush_init_cmd(demo);
1778
1779    demo->current_buffer = 0;
1780    demo->prepared = true;
1781}
1782
1783static void demo_cleanup(struct demo *demo) {
1784    uint32_t i;
1785
1786    demo->prepared = false;
1787
1788    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1789        vkDestroyFramebuffer(demo->device, demo->framebuffers[i], NULL);
1790    }
1791    free(demo->framebuffers);
1792    vkDestroyDescriptorPool(demo->device, demo->desc_pool, NULL);
1793
1794    vkDestroyPipeline(demo->device, demo->pipeline, NULL);
1795    vkDestroyPipelineCache(demo->device, demo->pipelineCache, NULL);
1796    vkDestroyRenderPass(demo->device, demo->render_pass, NULL);
1797    vkDestroyPipelineLayout(demo->device, demo->pipeline_layout, NULL);
1798    vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(demo->device, demo->desc_layout, NULL);
1799
1800    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
1801        vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->textures[i].view, NULL);
1802        vkDestroyImage(demo->device, demo->textures[i].image, NULL);
1803        vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->textures[i].mem, NULL);
1804        vkDestroySampler(demo->device, demo->textures[i].sampler, NULL);
1805    }
1806    demo->fpDestroySwapchainKHR(demo->device, demo->swapchain, NULL);
1807
1808    vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->depth.view, NULL);
1809    vkDestroyImage(demo->device, demo->depth.image, NULL);
1810    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->depth.mem, NULL);
1811
1812    vkDestroyBuffer(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.buf, NULL);
1813    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.mem, NULL);
1814
1815    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1816        vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->buffers[i].view, NULL);
1817        vkFreeCommandBuffers(demo->device, demo->cmd_pool, 1,
1818                             &demo->buffers[i].cmd);
1819    }
1820    free(demo->buffers);
1821
1822    free(demo->queue_props);
1823
1824    vkDestroyCommandPool(demo->device, demo->cmd_pool, NULL);
1825    vkDestroyDevice(demo->device, NULL);
1826    if (demo->validate) {
1827        demo->DestroyDebugReportCallback(demo->inst, demo->msg_callback, NULL);
1828    }
1829    vkDestroySurfaceKHR(demo->inst, demo->surface, NULL);
1830    vkDestroyInstance(demo->inst, NULL);
1831
1832#ifndef _WIN32
1833    xcb_destroy_window(demo->connection, demo->window);
1834    xcb_disconnect(demo->connection);
1835    free(demo->atom_wm_delete_window);
1836#endif // _WIN32
1837}
1838
1839static void demo_resize(struct demo *demo) {
1840    uint32_t i;
1841
1842    // Don't react to resize until after first initialization.
1843    if (!demo->prepared) {
1844        return;
1845    }
1846    // In order to properly resize the window, we must re-create the swapchain
1847    // AND redo the command buffers, etc.
1848    //
1849    // First, perform part of the demo_cleanup() function:
1850    demo->prepared = false;
1851
1852    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1853        vkDestroyFramebuffer(demo->device, demo->framebuffers[i], NULL);
1854    }
1855    free(demo->framebuffers);
1856    vkDestroyDescriptorPool(demo->device, demo->desc_pool, NULL);
1857
1858    vkDestroyPipeline(demo->device, demo->pipeline, NULL);
1859    vkDestroyPipelineCache(demo->device, demo->pipelineCache, NULL);
1860    vkDestroyRenderPass(demo->device, demo->render_pass, NULL);
1861    vkDestroyPipelineLayout(demo->device, demo->pipeline_layout, NULL);
1862    vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(demo->device, demo->desc_layout, NULL);
1863
1864    for (i = 0; i < DEMO_TEXTURE_COUNT; i++) {
1865        vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->textures[i].view, NULL);
1866        vkDestroyImage(demo->device, demo->textures[i].image, NULL);
1867        vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->textures[i].mem, NULL);
1868        vkDestroySampler(demo->device, demo->textures[i].sampler, NULL);
1869    }
1870
1871    vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->depth.view, NULL);
1872    vkDestroyImage(demo->device, demo->depth.image, NULL);
1873    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->depth.mem, NULL);
1874
1875    vkDestroyBuffer(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.buf, NULL);
1876    vkFreeMemory(demo->device, demo->uniform_data.mem, NULL);
1877
1878    for (i = 0; i < demo->swapchainImageCount; i++) {
1879        vkDestroyImageView(demo->device, demo->buffers[i].view, NULL);
1880        vkFreeCommandBuffers(demo->device, demo->cmd_pool, 1,
1881                             &demo->buffers[i].cmd);
1882    }
1883    vkDestroyCommandPool(demo->device, demo->cmd_pool, NULL);
1884    free(demo->buffers);
1885
1886    // Second, re-perform the demo_prepare() function, which will re-create the
1887    // swapchain:
1888    demo_prepare(demo);
1889}
1890
1891// On MS-Windows, make this a global, so it's available to WndProc()
1892struct demo demo;
1893
1894#ifdef _WIN32
1895static void demo_run(struct demo *demo) {
1896    if (!demo->prepared)
1897        return;
1898    // Wait for work to finish before updating MVP.
1899    vkDeviceWaitIdle(demo->device);
1900    demo_update_data_buffer(demo);
1901
1902    demo_draw(demo);
1903
1904    // Wait for work to finish before updating MVP.
1905    vkDeviceWaitIdle(demo->device);
1906
1907    demo->curFrame++;
1908
1909    if (demo->frameCount != INT_MAX && demo->curFrame == demo->frameCount) {
1910        demo->quit = true;
1911        demo_cleanup(demo);
1912        ExitProcess(0);
1913    }
1914}
1915
1916// MS-Windows event handling function:
1917LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
1918    switch (uMsg) {
1919    case WM_CLOSE:
1920        PostQuitMessage(0);
1921        break;
1922    case WM_PAINT:
1923        demo_run(&demo);
1924        break;
1925    case WM_SIZE:
1926        demo.width = lParam & 0xffff;
1927        demo.height = lParam & 0xffff0000 >> 16;
1928        demo_resize(&demo);
1929        break;
1930    default:
1931        break;
1932    }
1933    return (DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam));
1934}
1935
1936static void demo_create_window(struct demo *demo) {
1937    WNDCLASSEX win_class;
1938
1939    // Initialize the window class structure:
1940    win_class.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
1941    win_class.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
1942    win_class.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
1943    win_class.cbClsExtra = 0;
1944    win_class.cbWndExtra = 0;
1945    win_class.hInstance = demo->connection; // hInstance
1946    win_class.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
1947    win_class.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
1948    win_class.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
1949    win_class.lpszMenuName = NULL;
1950    win_class.lpszClassName = demo->name;
1951    win_class.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO);
1952    // Register window class:
1953    if (!RegisterClassEx(&win_class)) {
1954        // It didn't work, so try to give a useful error:
1955        printf("Unexpected error trying to start the application!\n");
1956        fflush(stdout);
1957        exit(1);
1958    }
1959    // Create window with the registered class:
1960    RECT wr = {0, 0, demo->width, demo->height};
1961    AdjustWindowRect(&wr, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
1962    demo->window = CreateWindowEx(0,
1963                                  demo->name,           // class name
1964                                  demo->name,           // app name
1965                                  WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | // window style
1966                                      WS_VISIBLE | WS_SYSMENU,
1967                                  100, 100,           // x/y coords
1968                                  wr.right - wr.left, // width
1969                                  wr.bottom - wr.top, // height
1970                                  NULL,               // handle to parent
1971                                  NULL,               // handle to menu
1972                                  demo->connection,   // hInstance
1973                                  NULL);              // no extra parameters
1974    if (!demo->window) {
1975        // It didn't work, so try to give a useful error:
1976        printf("Cannot create a window in which to draw!\n");
1977        fflush(stdout);
1978        exit(1);
1979    }
1980}
1981#else  // _WIN32
1982static void demo_handle_event(struct demo *demo,
1983                              const xcb_generic_event_t *event) {
1984    uint8_t event_code = event->response_type & 0x7f;
1985    switch (event_code) {
1986    case XCB_EXPOSE:
1987        // TODO: Resize window
1988        break;
1989    case XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE:
1990        if ((*(xcb_client_message_event_t *)event).data.data32[0] ==
1991            (*demo->atom_wm_delete_window).atom) {
1992            demo->quit = true;
1993        }
1994        break;
1995    case XCB_KEY_RELEASE: {
1996        const xcb_key_release_event_t *key =
1997            (const xcb_key_release_event_t *)event;
1998
1999        switch (key->detail) {
2000        case 0x9: // Escape
2001            demo->quit = true;
2002            break;
2003        case 0x71: // left arrow key
2004            demo->spin_angle += demo->spin_increment;
2005            break;
2006        case 0x72: // right arrow key
2007            demo->spin_angle -= demo->spin_increment;
2008            break;
2009        case 0x41:
2010            demo->pause = !demo->pause;
2011            break;
2012        }
2013    } break;
2014    case XCB_CONFIGURE_NOTIFY: {
2015        const xcb_configure_notify_event_t *cfg =
2016            (const xcb_configure_notify_event_t *)event;
2017        if ((demo->width != cfg->width) || (demo->height != cfg->height)) {
2018            demo->width = cfg->width;
2019            demo->height = cfg->height;
2020            demo_resize(demo);
2021        }
2022    } break;
2023    default:
2024        break;
2025    }
2026}
2027
2028static void demo_run(struct demo *demo) {
2029    xcb_flush(demo->connection);
2030
2031    while (!demo->quit) {
2032        xcb_generic_event_t *event;
2033
2034        if (demo->pause) {
2035            event = xcb_wait_for_event(demo->connection);
2036        } else {
2037            event = xcb_poll_for_event(demo->connection);
2038        }
2039        if (event) {
2040            demo_handle_event(demo, event);
2041            free(event);
2042        }
2043
2044        // Wait for work to finish before updating MVP.
2045        vkDeviceWaitIdle(demo->device);
2046        demo_update_data_buffer(demo);
2047
2048        demo_draw(demo);
2049
2050        // Wait for work to finish before updating MVP.
2051        vkDeviceWaitIdle(demo->device);
2052        demo->curFrame++;
2053        if (demo->frameCount != INT32_MAX && demo->curFrame == demo->frameCount)
2054            demo->quit = true;
2055    }
2056}
2057
2058static void demo_create_window(struct demo *demo) {
2059    uint32_t value_mask, value_list[32];
2060
2061    demo->window = xcb_generate_id(demo->connection);
2062
2063    value_mask = XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
2064    value_list[0] = demo->screen->black_pixel;
2065    value_list[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_KEY_RELEASE | XCB_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE |
2066                    XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
2067
2068    xcb_create_window(demo->connection, XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT, demo->window,
2069                      demo->screen->root, 0, 0, demo->width, demo->height, 0,
2070                      XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, demo->screen->root_visual,
2071                      value_mask, value_list);
2072
2073    /* Magic code that will send notification when window is destroyed */
2074    xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t cookie =
2075        xcb_intern_atom(demo->connection, 1, 12, "WM_PROTOCOLS");
2076    xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *reply =
2077        xcb_intern_atom_reply(demo->connection, cookie, 0);
2078
2079    xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t cookie2 =
2080        xcb_intern_atom(demo->connection, 0, 16, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW");
2081    demo->atom_wm_delete_window =
2082        xcb_intern_atom_reply(demo->connection, cookie2, 0);
2083
2084    xcb_change_property(demo->connection, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, demo->window,
2085                        (*reply).atom, 4, 32, 1,
2086                        &(*demo->atom_wm_delete_window).atom);
2087    free(reply);
2088
2089    xcb_map_window(demo->connection, demo->window);
2090
2091    // Force the x/y coordinates to 100,100 results are identical in consecutive
2092    // runs
2093    const uint32_t coords[] = {100, 100};
2094    xcb_configure_window(demo->connection, demo->window,
2095                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y, coords);
2096}
2097#endif // _WIN32
2098
2099/*
2100 * Return 1 (true) if all layer names specified in check_names
2101 * can be found in given layer properties.
2102 */
2103static VkBool32 demo_check_layers(uint32_t check_count, char **check_names,
2104                                  uint32_t layer_count,
2105                                  VkLayerProperties *layers) {
2106    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < check_count; i++) {
2107        VkBool32 found = 0;
2108        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < layer_count; j++) {
2109            if (!strcmp(check_names[i], layers[j].layerName)) {
2110                found = 1;
2111                break;
2112            }
2113        }
2114        if (!found) {
2115            fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find layer: %s\n", check_names[i]);
2116            return 0;
2117        }
2118    }
2119    return 1;
2120}
2121
2122static void demo_init_vk(struct demo *demo) {
2123    VkResult err;
2124    char *extension_names[64];
2125    uint32_t instance_extension_count = 0;
2126    uint32_t instance_layer_count = 0;
2127    uint32_t device_validation_layer_count = 0;
2128    uint32_t enabled_extension_count = 0;
2129    uint32_t enabled_layer_count = 0;
2130
2131    char *instance_validation_layers[] = {
2132        "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_threading",      "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_mem_tracker",
2133        "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_object_tracker", "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_draw_state",
2134        "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_param_checker",  "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_swapchain",
2135        "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_device_limits",  "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_image",
2136        "VK_LAYER_GOOGLE_unique_objects",
2137    };
2138
2139    demo->device_validation_layers[0] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_threading";
2140    demo->device_validation_layers[1] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_mem_tracker";
2141    demo->device_validation_layers[2] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_object_tracker";
2142    demo->device_validation_layers[3] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_draw_state";
2143    demo->device_validation_layers[4] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_param_checker";
2144    demo->device_validation_layers[5] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_swapchain";
2145    demo->device_validation_layers[6] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_device_limits";
2146    demo->device_validation_layers[7] = "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_image";
2147    demo->device_validation_layers[8] = "VK_LAYER_GOOGLE_unique_objects";
2148    device_validation_layer_count = 9;
2149
2150    /* Look for validation layers */
2151    VkBool32 validation_found = 0;
2152    err = vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&instance_layer_count, NULL);
2153    assert(!err);
2154
2155    if (instance_layer_count > 0) {
2156        VkLayerProperties *instance_layers =
2157            malloc(sizeof(VkLayerProperties) * instance_layer_count);
2158        err = vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&instance_layer_count,
2159                                                 instance_layers);
2160        assert(!err);
2161
2162        if (demo->validate) {
2163            validation_found = demo_check_layers(
2164                ARRAY_SIZE(instance_validation_layers),
2165                instance_validation_layers, instance_layer_count,
2166                instance_layers);
2167
2168            enabled_layer_count = ARRAY_SIZE(instance_validation_layers);
2169        }
2170
2171        free(instance_layers);
2172    }
2173
2174    if (demo->validate && !validation_found) {
2175        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties failed to find"
2176                 "required validation layer.\n\n"
2177                 "Please look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
2178                 "information.\n",
2179                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2180    }
2181
2182    /* Look for instance extensions */
2183    VkBool32 surfaceExtFound = 0;
2184    VkBool32 platformSurfaceExtFound = 0;
2185    memset(extension_names, 0, sizeof(extension_names));
2186
2187    err = vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(
2188        NULL, &instance_extension_count, NULL);
2189    assert(!err);
2190
2191    if (instance_extension_count > 0) {
2192        VkExtensionProperties *instance_extensions =
2193            malloc(sizeof(VkExtensionProperties) * instance_extension_count);
2194        err = vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(
2195            NULL, &instance_extension_count, instance_extensions);
2196        assert(!err);
2197        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < instance_extension_count; i++) {
2198            if (!strcmp(VK_KHR_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME,
2199                        instance_extensions[i].extensionName)) {
2200                surfaceExtFound = 1;
2201                extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] =
2202                    VK_KHR_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME;
2203            }
2204#ifdef _WIN32
2205            if (!strcmp(VK_KHR_WIN32_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME,
2206                        instance_extensions[i].extensionName)) {
2207                platformSurfaceExtFound = 1;
2208                extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] =
2209                    VK_KHR_WIN32_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME;
2210            }
2211#else  // _WIN32
2212            if (!strcmp(VK_KHR_XCB_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME,
2213                        instance_extensions[i].extensionName)) {
2214                platformSurfaceExtFound = 1;
2215                extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] =
2216                    VK_KHR_XCB_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME;
2217            }
2218#endif // _WIN32
2219            if (!strcmp(VK_EXT_DEBUG_REPORT_EXTENSION_NAME,
2220                        instance_extensions[i].extensionName)) {
2221                if (demo->validate) {
2222                    extension_names[enabled_extension_count++] =
2223                        VK_EXT_DEBUG_REPORT_EXTENSION_NAME;
2224                }
2225            }
2226            assert(enabled_extension_count < 64);
2227        }
2228
2229        free(instance_extensions);
2230    }
2231
2232    if (!surfaceExtFound) {
2233        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties failed to find "
2234                 "the " VK_KHR_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME
2235                 " extension.\n\nDo you have a compatible "
2236                 "Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease "
2237                 "look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
2238                 "information.\n",
2239                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2240    }
2241    if (!platformSurfaceExtFound) {
2242#ifdef _WIN32
2243        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties failed to find "
2244                 "the " VK_KHR_WIN32_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME
2245                 " extension.\n\nDo you have a compatible "
2246                 "Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease "
2247                 "look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
2248                 "information.\n",
2249                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2250#else  // _WIN32
2251        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties failed to find "
2252                 "the " VK_KHR_XCB_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME
2253                 " extension.\n\nDo you have a compatible "
2254                 "Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease "
2255                 "look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
2256                 "information.\n",
2257                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2258#endif // _WIN32
2259    }
2260    const VkApplicationInfo app = {
2261        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO,
2262        .pNext = NULL,
2263        .pApplicationName = APP_SHORT_NAME,
2264        .applicationVersion = 0,
2265        .pEngineName = APP_SHORT_NAME,
2266        .engineVersion = 0,
2267        .apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION,
2268    };
2269    VkInstanceCreateInfo inst_info = {
2270        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO,
2271        .pNext = NULL,
2272        .pApplicationInfo = &app,
2273        .enabledLayerCount = enabled_layer_count,
2274        .ppEnabledLayerNames =
2275            (const char *const *)((demo->validate) ? instance_validation_layers
2276                                                   : NULL),
2277        .enabledExtensionCount = enabled_extension_count,
2278        .ppEnabledExtensionNames = (const char *const *)extension_names,
2279    };
2280
2281    uint32_t gpu_count;
2282
2283    err = vkCreateInstance(&inst_info, NULL, &demo->inst);
2284    if (err == VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER) {
2285        ERR_EXIT("Cannot find a compatible Vulkan installable client driver "
2286                 "(ICD).\n\nPlease look at the Getting Started guide for "
2287                 "additional information.\n",
2288                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2289    } else if (err == VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT) {
2290        ERR_EXIT("Cannot find a specified extension library"
2291                 ".\nMake sure your layers path is set appropriately.\n",
2292                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2293    } else if (err) {
2294        ERR_EXIT("vkCreateInstance failed.\n\nDo you have a compatible Vulkan "
2295                 "installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease look at "
2296                 "the Getting Started guide for additional information.\n",
2297                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2298    }
2299
2300    /* Make initial call to query gpu_count, then second call for gpu info*/
2301    err = vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(demo->inst, &gpu_count, NULL);
2302    assert(!err && gpu_count > 0);
2303
2304    if (gpu_count > 0) {
2305        VkPhysicalDevice *physical_devices = malloc(sizeof(VkPhysicalDevice) * gpu_count);
2306        err = vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(demo->inst, &gpu_count, physical_devices);
2307        assert(!err);
2308        /* For cube demo we just grab the first physical device */
2309        demo->gpu = physical_devices[0];
2310        free(physical_devices);
2311    } else {
2312        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices reported zero accessible devices.\n\n"
2313                 "Do you have a compatible Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) "
2314                 "installed?\nPlease look at the Getting Started guide for "
2315                 "additional information.\n",
2316                 "vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices Failure");
2317    }
2318
2319    /* Look for validation layers */
2320    validation_found = 0;
2321    demo->enabled_layer_count = 0;
2322    uint32_t device_layer_count = 0;
2323    err =
2324        vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(demo->gpu, &device_layer_count, NULL);
2325    assert(!err);
2326
2327    if (device_layer_count > 0) {
2328        VkLayerProperties *device_layers =
2329            malloc(sizeof(VkLayerProperties) * device_layer_count);
2330        err = vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(demo->gpu, &device_layer_count,
2331                                               device_layers);
2332        assert(!err);
2333
2334        if (demo->validate) {
2335            validation_found = demo_check_layers(device_validation_layer_count,
2336                                                 demo->device_validation_layers,
2337                                                 device_layer_count,
2338                                                 device_layers);
2339            demo->enabled_layer_count = device_validation_layer_count;
2340        }
2341
2342        free(device_layers);
2343    }
2344
2345    if (demo->validate && !validation_found) {
2346        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties failed to find"
2347                 "a required validation layer.\n\n"
2348                 "Please look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
2349                 "information.\n",
2350                 "vkCreateDevice Failure");
2351    }
2352
2353    /* Look for device extensions */
2354    uint32_t device_extension_count = 0;
2355    VkBool32 swapchainExtFound = 0;
2356    demo->enabled_extension_count = 0;
2357    memset(extension_names, 0, sizeof(extension_names));
2358
2359    err = vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(demo->gpu, NULL,
2360                                               &device_extension_count, NULL);
2361    assert(!err);
2362
2363    if (device_extension_count > 0) {
2364        VkExtensionProperties *device_extensions =
2365            malloc(sizeof(VkExtensionProperties) * device_extension_count);
2366        err = vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(
2367            demo->gpu, NULL, &device_extension_count, device_extensions);
2368        assert(!err);
2369
2370        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < device_extension_count; i++) {
2371            if (!strcmp(VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME,
2372                        device_extensions[i].extensionName)) {
2373                swapchainExtFound = 1;
2374                demo->extension_names[demo->enabled_extension_count++] =
2375                    VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME;
2376            }
2377            assert(demo->enabled_extension_count < 64);
2378        }
2379
2380        free(device_extensions);
2381    }
2382
2383    if (!swapchainExtFound) {
2384        ERR_EXIT("vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties failed to find "
2385                 "the " VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME
2386                 " extension.\n\nDo you have a compatible "
2387                 "Vulkan installable client driver (ICD) installed?\nPlease "
2388                 "look at the Getting Started guide for additional "
2389                 "information.\n",
2390                 "vkCreateInstance Failure");
2391    }
2392
2393    if (demo->validate) {
2394        demo->CreateDebugReportCallback =
2395            (PFN_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT)vkGetInstanceProcAddr(
2396                demo->inst, "vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT");
2397        demo->DestroyDebugReportCallback =
2398            (PFN_vkDestroyDebugReportCallbackEXT)vkGetInstanceProcAddr(
2399                demo->inst, "vkDestroyDebugReportCallbackEXT");
2400        if (!demo->CreateDebugReportCallback) {
2401            ERR_EXIT(
2402                "GetProcAddr: Unable to find vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT\n",
2403                "vkGetProcAddr Failure");
2404        }
2405        if (!demo->DestroyDebugReportCallback) {
2406            ERR_EXIT(
2407                "GetProcAddr: Unable to find vkDestroyDebugReportCallbackEXT\n",
2408                "vkGetProcAddr Failure");
2409        }
2410        demo->DebugReportMessage =
2411            (PFN_vkDebugReportMessageEXT)vkGetInstanceProcAddr(
2412                demo->inst, "vkDebugReportMessageEXT");
2413        if (!demo->DebugReportMessage) {
2414            ERR_EXIT("GetProcAddr: Unable to find vkDebugReportMessageEXT\n",
2415                     "vkGetProcAddr Failure");
2416        }
2417
2418        PFN_vkDebugReportCallbackEXT callback;
2419
2420        if (!demo->use_break) {
2421            callback = dbgFunc;
2422        } else {
2423            callback = dbgFunc;
2424            // TODO add a break callback defined locally since there is no
2425            // longer
2426            // one included in the loader
2427        }
2428        VkDebugReportCallbackCreateInfoEXT dbgCreateInfo;
2429        dbgCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEBUG_REPORT_CREATE_INFO_EXT;
2430        dbgCreateInfo.pNext = NULL;
2431        dbgCreateInfo.pfnCallback = callback;
2432        dbgCreateInfo.pUserData = NULL;
2433        dbgCreateInfo.flags =
2434            VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT | VK_DEBUG_REPORT_WARNING_BIT_EXT;
2435        err = demo->CreateDebugReportCallback(demo->inst, &dbgCreateInfo, NULL,
2436                                              &demo->msg_callback);
2437        switch (err) {
2438        case VK_SUCCESS:
2439            break;
2440        case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY:
2441            ERR_EXIT("CreateDebugReportCallback: out of host memory\n",
2442                     "CreateDebugReportCallback Failure");
2443            break;
2444        default:
2445            ERR_EXIT("CreateDebugReportCallback: unknown failure\n",
2446                     "CreateDebugReportCallback Failure");
2447            break;
2448        }
2449    }
2450    vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->gpu_props);
2451
2452    /* Call with NULL data to get count */
2453    vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->queue_count,
2454                                             NULL);
2455    assert(demo->queue_count >= 1);
2456
2457    demo->queue_props = (VkQueueFamilyProperties *)malloc(
2458        demo->queue_count * sizeof(VkQueueFamilyProperties));
2459    vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->queue_count,
2460                                             demo->queue_props);
2461    // Find a queue that supports gfx
2462    uint32_t gfx_queue_idx = 0;
2463    for (gfx_queue_idx = 0; gfx_queue_idx < demo->queue_count;
2464         gfx_queue_idx++) {
2465        if (demo->queue_props[gfx_queue_idx].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)
2466            break;
2467    }
2468    assert(gfx_queue_idx < demo->queue_count);
2469    // Query fine-grained feature support for this device.
2470    //  If app has specific feature requirements it should check supported
2471    //  features based on this query
2472    VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures physDevFeatures;
2473    vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures(demo->gpu, &physDevFeatures);
2474
2475    GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(demo->inst, GetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR);
2476    GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(demo->inst, GetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR);
2477    GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(demo->inst, GetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR);
2478    GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(demo->inst, GetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR);
2479    GET_INSTANCE_PROC_ADDR(demo->inst, GetSwapchainImagesKHR);
2480}
2481
2482static void demo_create_device(struct demo *demo) {
2483    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
2484    float queue_priorities[1] = {0.0};
2485    const VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queue = {
2486        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO,
2487        .pNext = NULL,
2488        .queueFamilyIndex = demo->graphics_queue_node_index,
2489        .queueCount = 1,
2490        .pQueuePriorities = queue_priorities};
2491
2492    VkDeviceCreateInfo device = {
2493        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO,
2494        .pNext = NULL,
2495        .queueCreateInfoCount = 1,
2496        .pQueueCreateInfos = &queue,
2497        .enabledLayerCount = demo->enabled_layer_count,
2498        .ppEnabledLayerNames =
2499            (const char *const *)((demo->validate)
2500                                      ? demo->device_validation_layers
2501                                      : NULL),
2502        .enabledExtensionCount = demo->enabled_extension_count,
2503        .ppEnabledExtensionNames = (const char *const *)demo->extension_names,
2504        .pEnabledFeatures =
2505            NULL, // If specific features are required, pass them in here
2506    };
2507
2508    err = vkCreateDevice(demo->gpu, &device, NULL, &demo->device);
2509    assert(!err);
2510}
2511
2512static void demo_init_vk_swapchain(struct demo *demo) {
2513    VkResult U_ASSERT_ONLY err;
2514    uint32_t i;
2515
2516// Create a WSI surface for the window:
2517#ifdef _WIN32
2518    VkWin32SurfaceCreateInfoKHR createInfo;
2519    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WIN32_SURFACE_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
2520    createInfo.pNext = NULL;
2521    createInfo.flags = 0;
2522    createInfo.hinstance = demo->connection;
2523    createInfo.hwnd = demo->window;
2524
2525    err =
2526        vkCreateWin32SurfaceKHR(demo->inst, &createInfo, NULL, &demo->surface);
2527
2528#else  // _WIN32
2529    VkXcbSurfaceCreateInfoKHR createInfo;
2530    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_XCB_SURFACE_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
2531    createInfo.pNext = NULL;
2532    createInfo.flags = 0;
2533    createInfo.connection = demo->connection;
2534    createInfo.window = demo->window;
2535
2536    err = vkCreateXcbSurfaceKHR(demo->inst, &createInfo, NULL, &demo->surface);
2537#endif // _WIN32
2538
2539    // Iterate over each queue to learn whether it supports presenting:
2540    VkBool32 *supportsPresent =
2541        (VkBool32 *)malloc(demo->queue_count * sizeof(VkBool32));
2542    for (i = 0; i < demo->queue_count; i++) {
2543        demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(demo->gpu, i, demo->surface,
2544                                                   &supportsPresent[i]);
2545    }
2546
2547    // Search for a graphics and a present queue in the array of queue
2548    // families, try to find one that supports both
2549    uint32_t graphicsQueueNodeIndex = UINT32_MAX;
2550    uint32_t presentQueueNodeIndex = UINT32_MAX;
2551    for (i = 0; i < demo->queue_count; i++) {
2552        if ((demo->queue_props[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) != 0) {
2553            if (graphicsQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
2554                graphicsQueueNodeIndex = i;
2555            }
2556
2557            if (supportsPresent[i] == VK_TRUE) {
2558                graphicsQueueNodeIndex = i;
2559                presentQueueNodeIndex = i;
2560                break;
2561            }
2562        }
2563    }
2564    if (presentQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
2565        // If didn't find a queue that supports both graphics and present, then
2566        // find a separate present queue.
2567        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < demo->queue_count; ++i) {
2568            if (supportsPresent[i] == VK_TRUE) {
2569                presentQueueNodeIndex = i;
2570                break;
2571            }
2572        }
2573    }
2574    free(supportsPresent);
2575
2576    // Generate error if could not find both a graphics and a present queue
2577    if (graphicsQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX ||
2578        presentQueueNodeIndex == UINT32_MAX) {
2579        ERR_EXIT("Could not find a graphics and a present queue\n",
2580                 "Swapchain Initialization Failure");
2581    }
2582
2583    // TODO: Add support for separate queues, including presentation,
2584    //       synchronization, and appropriate tracking for QueueSubmit.
2585    // NOTE: While it is possible for an application to use a separate graphics
2586    //       and a present queues, this demo program assumes it is only using
2587    //       one:
2588    if (graphicsQueueNodeIndex != presentQueueNodeIndex) {
2589        ERR_EXIT("Could not find a common graphics and a present queue\n",
2590                 "Swapchain Initialization Failure");
2591    }
2592
2593    demo->graphics_queue_node_index = graphicsQueueNodeIndex;
2594
2595    demo_create_device(demo);
2596
2597    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, CreateSwapchainKHR);
2598    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, DestroySwapchainKHR);
2599    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, GetSwapchainImagesKHR);
2600    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, AcquireNextImageKHR);
2601    GET_DEVICE_PROC_ADDR(demo->device, QueuePresentKHR);
2602
2603    vkGetDeviceQueue(demo->device, demo->graphics_queue_node_index, 0,
2604                     &demo->queue);
2605
2606    // Get the list of VkFormat's that are supported:
2607    uint32_t formatCount;
2608    err = demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(demo->gpu, demo->surface,
2609                                                     &formatCount, NULL);
2610    assert(!err);
2611    VkSurfaceFormatKHR *surfFormats =
2612        (VkSurfaceFormatKHR *)malloc(formatCount * sizeof(VkSurfaceFormatKHR));
2613    err = demo->fpGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(demo->gpu, demo->surface,
2614                                                     &formatCount, surfFormats);
2615    assert(!err);
2616    // If the format list includes just one entry of VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED,
2617    // the surface has no preferred format.  Otherwise, at least one
2618    // supported format will be returned.
2619    if (formatCount == 1 && surfFormats[0].format == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED) {
2620        demo->format = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
2621    } else {
2622        assert(formatCount >= 1);
2623        demo->format = surfFormats[0].format;
2624    }
2625    demo->color_space = surfFormats[0].colorSpace;
2626
2627    demo->quit = false;
2628    demo->curFrame = 0;
2629
2630    // Get Memory information and properties
2631    vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(demo->gpu, &demo->memory_properties);
2632}
2633
2634static void demo_init_connection(struct demo *demo) {
2635#ifndef _WIN32
2636    const xcb_setup_t *setup;
2637    xcb_screen_iterator_t iter;
2638    int scr;
2639
2640    demo->connection = xcb_connect(NULL, &scr);
2641    if (demo->connection == NULL) {
2642        printf("Cannot find a compatible Vulkan installable client driver "
2643               "(ICD).\nExiting ...\n");
2644        fflush(stdout);
2645        exit(1);
2646    }
2647
2648    setup = xcb_get_setup(demo->connection);
2649    iter = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(setup);
2650    while (scr-- > 0)
2651        xcb_screen_next(&iter);
2652
2653    demo->screen = iter.data;
2654#endif // _WIN32
2655}
2656
2657static void demo_init(struct demo *demo, int argc, char **argv) {
2658    vec3 eye = {0.0f, 3.0f, 5.0f};
2659    vec3 origin = {0, 0, 0};
2660    vec3 up = {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0};
2661
2662    memset(demo, 0, sizeof(*demo));
2663    demo->frameCount = INT32_MAX;
2664
2665    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2666        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--use_staging") == 0) {
2667            demo->use_staging_buffer = true;
2668            continue;
2669        }
2670        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--break") == 0) {
2671            demo->use_break = true;
2672            continue;
2673        }
2674        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--validate") == 0) {
2675            demo->validate = true;
2676            continue;
2677        }
2678        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--c") == 0 && demo->frameCount == INT32_MAX &&
2679            i < argc - 1 && sscanf(argv[i + 1], "%d", &demo->frameCount) == 1 &&
2680            demo->frameCount >= 0) {
2681            i++;
2682            continue;
2683        }
2684
2685        fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n  %s [--use_staging] [--validate] [--break] "
2686                        "[--c <framecount>]\n",
2687                APP_SHORT_NAME);
2688        fflush(stderr);
2689        exit(1);
2690    }
2691
2692    demo_init_connection(demo);
2693    demo_init_vk(demo);
2694
2695    demo->width = 500;
2696    demo->height = 500;
2697
2698    demo->spin_angle = 0.01f;
2699    demo->spin_increment = 0.01f;
2700    demo->pause = false;
2701
2702    mat4x4_perspective(demo->projection_matrix, (float)degreesToRadians(45.0f),
2703                       1.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f);
2704    mat4x4_look_at(demo->view_matrix, eye, origin, up);
2705    mat4x4_identity(demo->model_matrix);
2706}
2707
2708#ifdef _WIN32
2709// Include header required for parsing the command line options.
2710#include <shellapi.h>
2711
2712int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR pCmdLine,
2713                   int nCmdShow) {
2714    MSG msg;   // message
2715    bool done; // flag saying when app is complete
2716    int argc;
2717    char **argv;
2718
2719    // Use the CommandLine functions to get the command line arguments.
2720    // Unfortunately, Microsoft outputs
2721    // this information as wide characters for Unicode, and we simply want the
2722    // Ascii version to be compatible
2723    // with the non-Windows side.  So, we have to convert the information to
2724    // Ascii character strings.
2725    LPWSTR *commandLineArgs = CommandLineToArgvW(GetCommandLineW(), &argc);
2726    if (NULL == commandLineArgs) {
2727        argc = 0;
2728    }
2729
2730    if (argc > 0) {
2731        argv = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *) * argc);
2732        if (argv == NULL) {
2733            argc = 0;
2734        } else {
2735            for (int iii = 0; iii < argc; iii++) {
2736                size_t wideCharLen = wcslen(commandLineArgs[iii]);
2737                size_t numConverted = 0;
2738
2739                argv[iii] = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * (wideCharLen + 1));
2740                if (argv[iii] != NULL) {
2741                    wcstombs_s(&numConverted, argv[iii], wideCharLen + 1,
2742                               commandLineArgs[iii], wideCharLen + 1);
2743                }
2744            }
2745        }
2746    } else {
2747        argv = NULL;
2748    }
2749
2750    demo_init(&demo, argc, argv);
2751
2752    // Free up the items we had to allocate for the command line arguments.
2753    if (argc > 0 && argv != NULL) {
2754        for (int iii = 0; iii < argc; iii++) {
2755            if (argv[iii] != NULL) {
2756                free(argv[iii]);
2757            }
2758        }
2759        free(argv);
2760    }
2761
2762    demo.connection = hInstance;
2763    strncpy(demo.name, "cube", APP_NAME_STR_LEN);
2764    demo_create_window(&demo);
2765    demo_init_vk_swapchain(&demo);
2766
2767    demo_prepare(&demo);
2768
2769    done = false; // initialize loop condition variable
2770
2771    // main message loop
2772    while (!done) {
2773        PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE);
2774        if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) // check for a quit message
2775        {
2776            done = true; // if found, quit app
2777        } else {
2778            /* Translate and dispatch to event queue*/
2779            TranslateMessage(&msg);
2780            DispatchMessage(&msg);
2781        }
2782        RedrawWindow(demo.window, NULL, NULL, RDW_INTERNALPAINT);
2783    }
2784
2785    demo_cleanup(&demo);
2786
2787    return (int)msg.wParam;
2788}
2789#else  // _WIN32
2790int main(int argc, char **argv) {
2791    struct demo demo;
2792
2793    demo_init(&demo, argc, argv);
2794    demo_create_window(&demo);
2795    demo_init_vk_swapchain(&demo);
2796
2797    demo_prepare(&demo);
2798    demo_run(&demo);
2799
2800    demo_cleanup(&demo);
2801
2802    return 0;
2803}
2804#endif // _WIN32
2805