AndroidRuntime.cpp revision 17ee3aac28bb6799ccfa0283040829bf56b84de9 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22#include <binder/IBinder.h>
23#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
24#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
25#include <utils/Log.h>
26#include <utils/misc.h>
27#include <utils/Trace.h>
28#include <binder/Parcel.h>
29#include <utils/threads.h>
30#include <cutils/properties.h>
31
32#include <SkGraphics.h>
33#include <SkImageDecoder.h>
34
35#include "jni.h"
36#include "JNIHelp.h"
37#include "JniInvocation.h"
38#include "android_util_Binder.h"
39
40#include <stdio.h>
41#include <signal.h>
42#include <sys/stat.h>
43#include <sys/types.h>
44#include <signal.h>
45#include <dirent.h>
46#include <assert.h>
47
48#include <string>
49#include <vector>
50
51
52using namespace android;
53
54extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
55extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
57extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
60extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
66extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
67extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
68extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
70
71extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
72extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
73extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
75extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
76extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
83extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32(JNIEnv* env);
84
85extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
86extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
87extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
88extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
89extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
90extern int register_android_hardware_Radio(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
97extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
98extern int register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService(JNIEnv* env);
99
100extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
101extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
103extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
104extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
105
106namespace android {
107
108/*
109 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
110 * namespace android.
111 */
112extern int register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog(JNIEnv* env);
113extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
114extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
115extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
116extern int register_android_util_MemoryIntArray(JNIEnv* env);
117extern int register_android_util_PathParser(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
122extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer(JNIEnv*);
126extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
127extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
131extern int register_android_graphics_PorterDuff(JNIEnv* env);
132extern int register_android_graphics_Rasterizer(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_graphics_Xfermode(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
137extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_view_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
147extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
150extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
153extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
155extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
157extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
158extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
159extern int register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment(JNIEnv* env);
160extern int register_android_os_HwBinder(JNIEnv *env);
161extern int register_android_os_HwBlob(JNIEnv *env);
162extern int register_android_os_HwParcel(JNIEnv *env);
163extern int register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder(JNIEnv *env);
164extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
165extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
166extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
167extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
168extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
169extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
170extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
171extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
172extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
173extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
174extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
175extern int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env);
176extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
177extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
178extern int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv *env);
179extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
180extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
181extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
182extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
183extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
184extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
185extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
186extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
187extern int register_android_app_Activity(JNIEnv *env);
188extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
189extern int register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders(JNIEnv *env);
190extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
191extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
192extern int register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile(JNIEnv* env);
193extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
194extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
195extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
196extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
197extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
198extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
199extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
200extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
201extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
202extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
203extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
204extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
205extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
206extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
207extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
208extern int register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory(JNIEnv* env);
209extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
210extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
211
212static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
213
214/*
215 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
216 */
217static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
218{
219    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
220}
221
222static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
223{
224    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
225}
226
227static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
228        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
229{
230    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
231}
232
233/*
234 * JNI registration.
235 */
236static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
237    { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
238        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
239    { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
240        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit },
241    { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
242        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
243};
244
245int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
246{
247    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
248        gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
249}
250
251// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
252
253/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
254
255AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
256        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
257        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
258        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
259{
260    SkGraphics::Init();
261    // There is also a global font cache, but its budget is specified by
262    // SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_COUNT_LIMIT and SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_LIMIT.
263
264    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
265    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
266
267    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
268    gCurRuntime = this;
269}
270
271AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
272{
273    SkGraphics::Term();
274}
275
276/*
277 * Register native methods using JNI.
278 */
279/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
280    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
281{
282    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
283}
284
285void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0, bool setProcName) {
286    if (setProcName) {
287        int len = strlen(argv0);
288        if (len < 15) {
289            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0);
290        } else {
291            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0 + len - 15);
292        }
293    }
294    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
295    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
296}
297
298status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
299    const Vector<String8>& args)
300{
301    JNIEnv* env;
302    jmethodID methodId;
303
304    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
305
306    env = getJNIEnv();
307    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
308        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
309    }
310
311    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
312    if (methodId == NULL) {
313        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
314        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
315    }
316
317    /*
318     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
319     * Create an array and populate it.
320     */
321    jclass stringClass;
322    jobjectArray strArray;
323
324    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
325    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
326    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
327
328    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
329        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
330        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
331    }
332
333    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
334    return NO_ERROR;
335}
336
337/*
338 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
339 */
340static void runtime_exit(int code)
341{
342    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
343}
344
345/*
346 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
347 *
348 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
349 */
350static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
351{
352    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
353}
354
355/**
356 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
357 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
358 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
359 *
360 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
361 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
362 * into us)
363 */
364static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
365    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
366    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
367}
368
369static int hasDir(const char* dir)
370{
371    struct stat s;
372    int res = stat(dir, &s);
373    if (res == 0) {
374        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
375    }
376    return 0;
377}
378
379static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
380    struct stat s;
381    int res = stat(file, &s);
382    if (res == 0) {
383        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
384    }
385    return false;
386}
387
388// Convenience wrapper over the property API that returns an
389// std::string.
390std::string getProperty(const char* key, const char* defaultValue) {
391    std::vector<char> temp(PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
392    const int len = property_get(key, &temp[0], defaultValue);
393    if (len < 0) {
394        return "";
395    }
396    return std::string(&temp[0], len);
397}
398
399/*
400 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
401 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
402 *
403 * (1) persist.sys.locale
404 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
405 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
406 * (3) ro.product.locale
407 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
408 *
409 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
410 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
411 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
412 */
413const std::string readLocale()
414{
415    const std::string locale = getProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
416    if (!locale.empty()) {
417        return locale;
418    }
419
420    const std::string language = getProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
421    if (!language.empty()) {
422        const std::string country = getProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
423        const std::string variant = getProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
424
425        std::string out = language;
426        if (!country.empty()) {
427            out = out + "-" + country;
428        }
429
430        if (!variant.empty()) {
431            out = out + "-" + variant;
432        }
433
434        return out;
435    }
436
437    const std::string productLocale = getProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
438    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
439        return productLocale;
440    }
441
442    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
443    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
444    const std::string productLanguage = getProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
445    const std::string productRegion = getProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
446
447    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
448}
449
450void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
451{
452    JavaVMOption opt;
453    opt.optionString = optionString;
454    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
455    mOptions.add(opt);
456}
457
458/*
459 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
460 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
461 *
462 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
463 *
464 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
465 *
466 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
467 */
468void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
469{
470    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
471    char* end = NULL;
472    while (*start != '\0') {
473        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
474            start++;
475        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
476            break;
477
478        end = start+1;
479        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
480            end++;
481        if (*end == ' ')
482            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
483
484        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
485            addOption(quotingArg);
486        }
487        addOption(start);
488        start = end;
489    }
490}
491
492/*
493 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
494 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
495 * as "-Xmx32m".
496 *
497 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
498 *
499 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
500 *
501 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
502 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
503 */
504bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
505                                        char* buffer,
506                                        const char* runtimeArg,
507                                        const char* defaultArg)
508{
509    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
510    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
511    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
512    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
513        return false;
514    }
515    addOption(buffer);
516    return true;
517}
518
519/*
520 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
521 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
522 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=verify-none".
523 *
524 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
525 *
526 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
527 *
528 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
529 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
530 */
531bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
532                                         char* buffer,
533                                         const char* compilerArg,
534                                         const char* quotingArg)
535{
536    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
537    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
538    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
539    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
540        return false;
541    }
542    addOption(quotingArg);
543    addOption(buffer);
544    return true;
545}
546
547/*
548 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
549 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
550 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
551 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
552 *
553 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
554 *
555 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
556 *
557 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
558 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
559 */
560bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
561                                                char* buffer,
562                                                const char* runtimeArg,
563                                                const char* quotingArg)
564{
565    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
566    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
567    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
568    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
569        return false;
570    }
571    addOption(quotingArg);
572    addOption("--runtime-arg");
573    addOption(quotingArg);
574    addOption(buffer);
575    return true;
576}
577
578/*
579 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
580 *
581 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
582 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
583 *
584 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
585 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
586 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
587 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
588 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
589 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
590 * and thus introduce a bug.
591 *
592 * Returns 0 on success.
593 */
594int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
595{
596    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
597    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
598    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
599    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
600    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
601    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
602    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
603    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
604    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
605    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
606    char jitmaxsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitmaxsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
607    char jitinitialsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitinitialsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
608    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
609    char useJitProfilesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
610    char jitprithreadweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjitprithreadweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
611    char jittransitionweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjittransitionweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
617    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
619    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
624    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
625    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
626    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
627    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
628    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
629    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
630    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
631    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
632    enum {
633      kEMDefault,
634      kEMIntPortable,
635      kEMIntFast,
636      kEMJitCompiler,
637    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
638    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
639    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
640    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
641    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
642    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
643    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
644    char fingerprintBuf[sizeof("-Xfingerprint:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
645
646    bool checkJni = false;
647    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
648    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
649        checkJni = true;
650    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
651        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
652        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
653        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
654            checkJni = true;
655        }
656    }
657    ALOGD("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
658    if (checkJni) {
659        /* extended JNI checking */
660        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
661
662        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
663        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
664    }
665
666    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
667    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
668        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
669    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
670        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
671    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
672        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
673    }
674
675    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
676
677    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
678    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
679        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
680    }
681
682    /* route exit() to our handler */
683    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
684
685    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
686    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
687
688    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
689    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
690
691    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
692    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
693    addOption("-verbose:gc");
694    //addOption("-verbose:class");
695
696    /*
697     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
698     * values should be specified in a product property override.
699     */
700    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
701    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
702
703    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
704    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
705    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
706    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
707                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
708                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
709
710    /*
711     * JIT related options.
712     */
713    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
714    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitmaxsize", jitmaxsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitmaxsize:");
715    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitinitialsize", jitinitialsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitinitialsize:");
716    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
717    property_get("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "");
718    if (strcmp(useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "true") == 0) {
719        addOption("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo");
720    }
721
722    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitprithreadweight",
723                       jitprithreadweightOptBuf,
724                       "-Xjitprithreadweight:");
725
726    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jittransitionweight",
727                       jittransitionweightOptBuf,
728                       "-Xjittransitionweight:");
729
730    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
731    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
732      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
733    }
734
735    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
736    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
737
738    /*
739     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
740     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
741     */
742    if (zygote) {
743      addOption("-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_android_adb,suspend=n,server=y");
744    }
745
746    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
747                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
748                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
749
750    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
751        addOption("-Xint:portable");
752    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
753        addOption("-Xint:fast");
754    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
755        addOption("-Xint:jit");
756    }
757
758    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
759    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
760    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
761                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
762
763    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
764    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
765                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
766    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
767                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
768    if (skip_compilation) {
769        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
770        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
771    } else {
772        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
773                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
774    }
775
776    // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
777    if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
778        ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
779              strerror(errno));
780        return -1;
781    }
782    addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
783    addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
784
785    // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
786    if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
787        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
788        addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
789    }
790
791    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
792    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
793
794    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
795    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
796                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
797    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
798                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
799    if (skip_compilation) {
800        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
801        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
802
803        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
804        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
805        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
806        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
807        // directly instead.
808        addOption("--runtime-arg");
809        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
810    } else {
811        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
812                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
813    }
814    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
815    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
816                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
817
818    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
819    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
820    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
821#if defined(__arm__)
822    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
823#elif defined(__aarch64__)
824    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
825#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
826    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
827#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
828    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
829#elif defined(__i386__)
830    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
831#elif defined(__x86_64__)
832    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
833#else
834    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
835#endif
836    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
837    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
838    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
839
840    // Copy the variant.
841    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
842    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
843                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
844    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
845                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
846    // Copy the features.
847    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
848    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
849                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
850    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
851                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
852
853
854    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
855    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
856
857    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
858    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
859    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
860
861    /* Set the properties for locale */
862    {
863        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
864        const std::string locale = readLocale();
865        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
866        addOption(localeOption);
867    }
868
869    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
870    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
871    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
872        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
873        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
874            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
875            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
876                               methodTraceFileBuf,
877                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
878            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
879                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
880                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
881            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
882            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
883                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
884            }
885        }
886    }
887
888    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
889    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
890    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
891        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
892    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
893        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
894                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
895        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
896    }
897
898#if defined(__LP64__)
899    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
900#else
901    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
902#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
903    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
904    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
905        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
906        return -1;
907    }
908    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
909    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
910
911    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
912    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
913                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
914
915    /*
916     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
917     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
918     * will include native debugging information.
919     */
920    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
921    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
922        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
923        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
924        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
925        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
926    }
927
928    /*
929     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
930     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
931     */
932    parseRuntimeOption("ro.build.fingerprint", fingerprintBuf, "-Xfingerprint:");
933
934    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
935    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
936    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
937    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
938
939    /*
940     * Initialize the VM.
941     *
942     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
943     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
944     * JNI calls.
945     */
946    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
947        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
948        return -1;
949    }
950
951    return 0;
952}
953
954char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
955{
956    char* result = strdup(className);
957    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
958        if (*cp == '.') {
959            *cp = '/';
960        }
961    }
962    return result;
963}
964
965/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
966jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
967    if (!bytes) return NULL;
968    int length = strlen(bytes);
969    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
970    if (!buffer) return NULL;
971    jchar* chp = buffer;
972    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
973        *chp++ = *bytes++;
974    }
975    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
976}
977
978
979/*
980 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
981 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
982 * named by "className".
983 *
984 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
985 * options string.
986 */
987void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
988{
989    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
990            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
991
992    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
993
994    /*
995     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
996     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
997     */
998    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
999        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
1000           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1001           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1002           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1003        }
1004    }
1005
1006    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1007    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1008        rootDir = "/system";
1009        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1010            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1011            return;
1012        }
1013        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1014    }
1015
1016    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1017    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1018
1019    /* start the virtual machine */
1020    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1021    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1022    JNIEnv* env;
1023    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1024        return;
1025    }
1026    onVmCreated(env);
1027
1028    /*
1029     * Register android functions.
1030     */
1031    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1032        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1033        return;
1034    }
1035
1036    /*
1037     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1038     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1039     * Create an array to hold them.
1040     */
1041    jclass stringClass;
1042    jobjectArray strArray;
1043    jstring classNameStr;
1044
1045    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1046    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1047    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1048    assert(strArray != NULL);
1049    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1050    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1051    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1052
1053    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1054        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1055        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1056        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1057    }
1058
1059    /*
1060     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1061     * not return until the VM exits.
1062     */
1063    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className);
1064    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1065    if (startClass == NULL) {
1066        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1067        /* keep going */
1068    } else {
1069        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1070            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1071        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1072            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1073            /* keep going */
1074        } else {
1075            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1076
1077#if 0
1078            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1079                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1080#endif
1081        }
1082    }
1083    free(slashClassName);
1084
1085    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1086    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1087        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1088    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1089        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1090}
1091
1092void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1093{
1094    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1095        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1096        ::_exit(code);
1097    } else {
1098        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1099        onExit(code);
1100        ::exit(code);
1101    }
1102}
1103
1104void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1105{
1106    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1107}
1108
1109/*
1110 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1111 *
1112 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1113 */
1114/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1115{
1116    JNIEnv* env;
1117    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1118    assert(vm != NULL);
1119
1120    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1121        return NULL;
1122    return env;
1123}
1124
1125/*
1126 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1127 *
1128 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1129 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1130 */
1131static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1132{
1133    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1134    JavaVM* vm;
1135    jint result;
1136
1137    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1138    assert(vm != NULL);
1139
1140    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1141    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1142    args.group = NULL;
1143
1144    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1145    if (result != JNI_OK)
1146        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1147
1148    return result;
1149}
1150
1151/*
1152 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1153 */
1154static int javaDetachThread(void)
1155{
1156    JavaVM* vm;
1157    jint result;
1158
1159    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1160    assert(vm != NULL);
1161
1162    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1163    if (result != JNI_OK)
1164        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1165    return result;
1166}
1167
1168/*
1169 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1170 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1171 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1172 */
1173/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1174    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1175    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1176    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1177    free(args);
1178    JNIEnv* env;
1179    int result;
1180
1181    /* hook us into the VM */
1182    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1183        return -1;
1184
1185    /* start the thread running */
1186    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1187
1188    /* unhook us */
1189    javaDetachThread();
1190    free(name);
1191
1192    return result;
1193}
1194
1195/*
1196 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1197 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1198 *
1199 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1200 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1201 */
1202/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1203                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1204                                void* userData,
1205                                const char* threadName,
1206                                int32_t threadPriority,
1207                                size_t threadStackSize,
1208                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1209{
1210    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1211    int result;
1212
1213    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadName == nullptr, "threadName not provided to javaCreateThreadEtc");
1214
1215    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1216    args[1] = userData;
1217    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1218
1219    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1220        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1221    return result;
1222}
1223
1224/*
1225 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1226 *
1227 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1228 */
1229/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1230    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1231{
1232    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1233    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1234        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1235    return threadId;
1236}
1237
1238#if 0
1239static void quickTest(void* arg)
1240{
1241    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1242
1243    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1244}
1245#endif
1246
1247#ifdef NDEBUG
1248    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1249    struct RegJNIRec {
1250        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1251    };
1252#else
1253    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1254    struct RegJNIRec {
1255        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1256        const char* mName;
1257    };
1258#endif
1259
1260typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1261
1262static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1263{
1264    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1265        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1266#ifndef NDEBUG
1267            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1268#endif
1269            return -1;
1270        }
1271    }
1272    return 0;
1273}
1274
1275static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1276    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1277    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1278    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1279    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1280    REG_JNI(register_android_util_MemoryIntArray),
1281    REG_JNI(register_android_util_PathParser),
1282    REG_JNI(register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog),
1283    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1284    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1285    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1286    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1287    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1288    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidBidi),
1289    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1290    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1291    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1292    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1293    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1294    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1295    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBinder),
1296    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBlob),
1297    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwParcel),
1298    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder),
1299    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1300    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1301    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1302    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1303    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1304    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1305    REG_JNI(register_android_view_GraphicBuffer),
1306    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1307    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1308    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1309    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1310    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1311    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1312    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1313    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1314    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1315    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1316    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1317    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1318    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1319    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1320    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1321    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1322    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1323    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1324    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1325    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1326    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32),
1327
1328    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1329    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1330    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1331    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1332    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1333    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1334    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1342    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1343    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1344    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PorterDuff),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Rasterizer),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1351    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1352    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1353    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Xfermode),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1356    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable),
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1360    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1361
1362    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1365    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1375    REG_JNI(register_android_net_TrafficStats),
1376    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1377    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory),
1378    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1379    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1380    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1381    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Radio),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1390    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1391    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1392    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1396    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1398    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1400
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1402    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1407    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1408    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1409    REG_JNI(register_android_app_Activity),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders),
1412    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile),
1414    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1415    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1416    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1417    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1420    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1422
1423    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1424    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1425
1426    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1427    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1428    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1429
1430};
1431
1432/*
1433 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1434 */
1435/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1436{
1437    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1438    /*
1439     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1440     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1441     * Attach calls.)
1442     */
1443    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1444
1445    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1446
1447    /*
1448     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1449     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1450     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1451     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1452     */
1453    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1454
1455    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1456        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1457        return -1;
1458    }
1459    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1460
1461    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1462
1463    return 0;
1464}
1465
1466AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1467{
1468    return gCurRuntime;
1469}
1470
1471/**
1472 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1473 * the framework.
1474 */
1475extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1476    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1477}
1478}   // namespace android
1479