AndroidRuntime.cpp revision 3c71e833b8c2dbc5c9757ccffd4037061dce51d1 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19#define LOG_NDEBUG 1
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22
23#include <android-base/properties.h>
24#include <binder/IBinder.h>
25#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
26#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
27#include <utils/Log.h>
28#include <utils/misc.h>
29#include <utils/Trace.h>
30#include <binder/Parcel.h>
31#include <utils/threads.h>
32#include <cutils/properties.h>
33
34#include <SkGraphics.h>
35
36#include "jni.h"
37#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
38#include <nativehelper/JniInvocation.h>
39#include "android_util_Binder.h"
40
41#include <stdio.h>
42#include <signal.h>
43#include <sys/stat.h>
44#include <sys/types.h>
45#include <signal.h>
46#include <dirent.h>
47#include <assert.h>
48
49#include <string>
50#include <vector>
51
52using namespace android;
53using android::base::GetProperty;
54
55extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
57extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
60extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
66extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
67extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
68extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
70extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
71extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
72
73extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
75extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
76extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
83extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
84extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
85extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32(JNIEnv* env);
86
87extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
88extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
89extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
90extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_HardwareBuffer(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
97extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
98extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
99extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
100
101extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
103extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
104extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
105extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
106
107namespace android {
108
109/*
110 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
111 * namespace android.
112 */
113extern int register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog(JNIEnv* env);
114extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
115extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
116extern int register_android_util_StatsLog(JNIEnv* env);
117extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_util_MemoryIntArray(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_util_PathParser(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
122extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
126extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
127extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
131extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
132extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
137extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
147extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
150extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
153extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
155extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment(JNIEnv* env);
157extern int register_android_os_HwBinder(JNIEnv *env);
158extern int register_android_os_HwBlob(JNIEnv *env);
159extern int register_android_os_HwParcel(JNIEnv *env);
160extern int register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder(JNIEnv *env);
161extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
162extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
163extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
164extern int register_android_os_VintfObject(JNIEnv *env);
165extern int register_android_os_VintfRuntimeInfo(JNIEnv *env);
166extern int register_android_os_seccomp(JNIEnv* env);
167extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
168extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
169extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
170extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
171extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
172extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
173extern int register_android_os_SharedMemory(JNIEnv* env);
174extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
175extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
176extern int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env);
177extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
178extern int register_android_text_Hyphenator(JNIEnv *env);
179extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
180extern int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv *env);
181extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
182extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
183extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
184extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
185extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
186extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
187extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
188extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
189extern int register_android_app_Activity(JNIEnv *env);
190extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
191extern int register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders(JNIEnv *env);
192extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
193extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
194extern int register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile(JNIEnv* env);
195extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
196extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
197extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
198extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
199extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
200extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
201extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
202extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
203extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
204extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
205extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
206extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
207extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
208extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
209extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
210extern int register_com_android_internal_os_ClassLoaderFactory(JNIEnv* env);
211extern int register_com_android_internal_os_FuseAppLoop(JNIEnv* env);
212extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
213extern int register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit(JNIEnv *env);
214extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
215
216static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
217
218/*
219 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
220 */
221static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
222{
223    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
224}
225
226static void com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
227{
228    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
229}
230
231static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
232        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
233{
234    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
235}
236
237/*
238 * JNI registration.
239 */
240
241int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
242{
243    const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
244        { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
245            (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
246        { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
247            (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
248    };
249    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
250        methods, NELEM(methods));
251}
252
253int register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env)
254{
255    const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
256        { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
257            (void*) com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit },
258    };
259    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit",
260        methods, NELEM(methods));
261}
262
263// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
264
265/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
266
267AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
268        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
269        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
270        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
271{
272    SkGraphics::Init();
273
274    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
275    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
276
277    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
278    gCurRuntime = this;
279}
280
281AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
282{
283}
284
285/*
286 * Register native methods using JNI.
287 */
288/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
289    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
290{
291    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
292}
293
294void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0, bool setProcName) {
295    if (setProcName) {
296        int len = strlen(argv0);
297        if (len < 15) {
298            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0);
299        } else {
300            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0 + len - 15);
301        }
302    }
303    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
304    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
305}
306
307status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
308    const Vector<String8>& args)
309{
310    JNIEnv* env;
311    jmethodID methodId;
312
313    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
314
315    env = getJNIEnv();
316    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
317        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
318    }
319
320    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
321    if (methodId == NULL) {
322        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
323        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
324    }
325
326    /*
327     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
328     * Create an array and populate it.
329     */
330    jclass stringClass;
331    jobjectArray strArray;
332
333    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
334    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
335    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
336
337    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
338        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
339        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
340    }
341
342    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
343    return NO_ERROR;
344}
345
346/*
347 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
348 */
349static void runtime_exit(int code)
350{
351    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
352}
353
354/*
355 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
356 *
357 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
358 */
359static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
360{
361    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
362}
363
364/**
365 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
366 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
367 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
368 *
369 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
370 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
371 * into us)
372 */
373static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
374    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
375    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
376}
377
378static int hasDir(const char* dir)
379{
380    struct stat s;
381    int res = stat(dir, &s);
382    if (res == 0) {
383        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
384    }
385    return 0;
386}
387
388static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
389    struct stat s;
390    int res = stat(file, &s);
391    if (res == 0) {
392        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
393    }
394    return false;
395}
396
397/*
398 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
399 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
400 *
401 * (1) persist.sys.locale
402 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
403 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
404 * (3) ro.product.locale
405 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
406 *
407 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
408 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
409 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
410 */
411const std::string readLocale()
412{
413    const std::string locale = GetProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
414    if (!locale.empty()) {
415        return locale;
416    }
417
418    const std::string language = GetProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
419    if (!language.empty()) {
420        const std::string country = GetProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
421        const std::string variant = GetProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
422
423        std::string out = language;
424        if (!country.empty()) {
425            out = out + "-" + country;
426        }
427
428        if (!variant.empty()) {
429            out = out + "-" + variant;
430        }
431
432        return out;
433    }
434
435    const std::string productLocale = GetProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
436    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
437        return productLocale;
438    }
439
440    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
441    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
442    const std::string productLanguage = GetProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
443    const std::string productRegion = GetProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
444
445    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
446}
447
448void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
449{
450    JavaVMOption opt;
451    opt.optionString = optionString;
452    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
453    mOptions.add(opt);
454}
455
456/*
457 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
458 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
459 *
460 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
461 *
462 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
463 *
464 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
465 */
466void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
467{
468    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
469    char* end = NULL;
470    while (*start != '\0') {
471        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
472            start++;
473        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
474            break;
475
476        end = start+1;
477        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
478            end++;
479        if (*end == ' ')
480            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
481
482        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
483            addOption(quotingArg);
484        }
485        addOption(start);
486        start = end;
487    }
488}
489
490/*
491 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
492 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
493 * as "-Xmx32m".
494 *
495 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
496 *
497 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
498 *
499 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
500 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
501 */
502bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
503                                        char* buffer,
504                                        const char* runtimeArg,
505                                        const char* defaultArg)
506{
507    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
508    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
509    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
510    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
511        return false;
512    }
513    addOption(buffer);
514    return true;
515}
516
517/*
518 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
519 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
520 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=assume-verified".
521 *
522 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
523 *
524 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
525 *
526 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
527 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
528 */
529bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
530                                         char* buffer,
531                                         const char* compilerArg,
532                                         const char* quotingArg)
533{
534    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
535    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
536    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
537    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
538        return false;
539    }
540    addOption(quotingArg);
541    addOption(buffer);
542    return true;
543}
544
545/*
546 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
547 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
548 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
549 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
550 *
551 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
552 *
553 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
554 *
555 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
556 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
557 */
558bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
559                                                char* buffer,
560                                                const char* runtimeArg,
561                                                const char* quotingArg)
562{
563    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
564    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
565    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
566    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
567        return false;
568    }
569    addOption(quotingArg);
570    addOption("--runtime-arg");
571    addOption(quotingArg);
572    addOption(buffer);
573    return true;
574}
575
576/*
577 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
578 *
579 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
580 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
581 *
582 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
583 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
584 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
585 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
586 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
587 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
588 * and thus introduce a bug.
589 *
590 * Returns 0 on success.
591 */
592int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
593{
594    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
595    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
596    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
597    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
598    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
599    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
600    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
601    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
602    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
603    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
604    char jitmaxsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitmaxsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
605    char jitinitialsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitinitialsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
606    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
607    char useJitProfilesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
608    char jitprithreadweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjitprithreadweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
609    char jittransitionweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjittransitionweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
610    char hotstartupsamplesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xps-hot-startup-method-samples:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
611    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
617    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
619    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
624    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
625    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
626    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
627    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
628    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
629    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
630    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
631    enum {
632      kEMDefault,
633      kEMIntPortable,
634      kEMIntFast,
635      kEMJitCompiler,
636    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
637    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
638    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
639    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
640    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
641    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
642    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
643    std::string fingerprintBuf;
644
645    bool checkJni = false;
646    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
647    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
648        checkJni = true;
649    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
650        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
651        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
652        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
653            checkJni = true;
654        }
655    }
656    ALOGV("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
657    if (checkJni) {
658        /* extended JNI checking */
659        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
660
661        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
662        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
663    }
664
665    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
666    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
667        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
668    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
669        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
670    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
671        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
672    }
673
674    // If dalvik.vm.stack-trace-dir is set, it enables the "new" stack trace
675    // dump scheme and a new file is created for each stack dump. If it isn't set,
676    // the old scheme is enabled.
677    property_get("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-dir", propBuf, "");
678    if (strlen(propBuf) > 0) {
679        addOption("-Xusetombstonedtraces");
680    } else {
681        parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
682    }
683
684    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
685    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
686        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
687    }
688
689    /* route exit() to our handler */
690    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
691
692    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
693    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
694
695    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
696    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
697
698    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
699    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
700    addOption("-verbose:gc");
701    //addOption("-verbose:class");
702
703    /*
704     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
705     * values should be specified in a product property override.
706     */
707    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
708    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
709
710    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
711    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
712    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
713    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
714                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
715                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
716
717    /*
718     * JIT related options.
719     */
720    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
721    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitmaxsize", jitmaxsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitmaxsize:");
722    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitinitialsize", jitinitialsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitinitialsize:");
723    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
724    property_get("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "");
725    if (strcmp(useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "true") == 0) {
726        addOption("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo");
727    }
728
729    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitprithreadweight",
730                       jitprithreadweightOptBuf,
731                       "-Xjitprithreadweight:");
732
733    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jittransitionweight",
734                       jittransitionweightOptBuf,
735                       "-Xjittransitionweight:");
736
737    /*
738     * Profile related options.
739     */
740    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.hot-startup-method-samples", hotstartupsamplesOptsBuf,
741            "-Xps-hot-startup-method-samples:");
742
743    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
744    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
745      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
746    }
747
748    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
749    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
750
751    /*
752     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
753     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
754     */
755    if (zygote) {
756      addOption("-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_android_adb,suspend=n,server=y");
757    }
758
759    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
760                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
761                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
762
763    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
764        addOption("-Xint:portable");
765    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
766        addOption("-Xint:fast");
767    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
768        addOption("-Xint:jit");
769    }
770
771    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
772    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
773    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
774                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
775
776    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
777    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
778                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
779    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
780                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
781    if (skip_compilation) {
782        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
783        addOption("--compiler-filter=assume-verified");
784    } else {
785        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
786                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
787    }
788
789    // If there is a boot profile, it takes precedence over the image and preloaded classes.
790    if (hasFile("/system/etc/boot-image.prof")) {
791        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
792        addOption("--profile-file=/system/etc/boot-image.prof");
793        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
794        addOption("--compiler-filter=speed-profile");
795    } else {
796        // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
797        if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
798            ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
799                  strerror(errno));
800            return -1;
801        }
802        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
803        addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
804
805        // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
806        if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
807            addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
808            addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
809        }
810
811        // If there is a dirty-image-objects file, push it.
812        if (hasFile("/system/etc/dirty-image-objects")) {
813            addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
814            addOption("--dirty-image-objects=/system/etc/dirty-image-objects");
815        }
816    }
817
818    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
819    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
820
821    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
822    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
823                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
824    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
825                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
826    if (skip_compilation) {
827        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
828        addOption("--compiler-filter=assume-verified");
829
830        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
831        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
832        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
833        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
834        // directly instead.
835        addOption("--runtime-arg");
836        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
837    } else {
838        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
839                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
840    }
841    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
842    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
843                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
844
845    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
846    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
847    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
848#if defined(__arm__)
849    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
850#elif defined(__aarch64__)
851    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
852#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
853    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
854#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
855    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
856#elif defined(__i386__)
857    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
858#elif defined(__x86_64__)
859    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
860#else
861    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
862#endif
863    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
864    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
865    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
866
867    // Copy the variant.
868    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
869    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
870                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
871    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
872                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
873    // Copy the features.
874    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
875    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
876                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
877    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
878                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
879
880
881    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
882    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
883
884    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
885    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
886    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
887
888    /* Set the properties for locale */
889    {
890        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
891        const std::string locale = readLocale();
892        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
893        addOption(localeOption);
894    }
895
896    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
897    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
898    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
899        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
900        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
901            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
902            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
903                               methodTraceFileBuf,
904                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
905            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
906                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
907                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
908            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
909            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
910                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
911            }
912        }
913    }
914
915    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
916    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
917    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
918        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
919    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
920        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
921                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
922        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
923    }
924
925#if defined(__LP64__)
926    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
927#else
928    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
929#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
930    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
931    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
932        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
933        return -1;
934    }
935    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
936    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
937
938    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
939    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
940                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
941
942    /*
943     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
944     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
945     * will include native debugging information.
946     */
947    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
948    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
949        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
950        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
951        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
952        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
953    }
954
955    /*
956     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
957     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
958     * Fingerprints are potentially longer than PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX, so parseRuntimeOption() cannot
959     * be used here.
960     * Do not ever re-assign fingerprintBuf as its c_str() value is stored in mOptions.
961     */
962    std::string fingerprint = GetProperty("ro.build.fingerprint", "");
963    if (!fingerprint.empty()) {
964        fingerprintBuf = "-Xfingerprint:" + fingerprint;
965        addOption(fingerprintBuf.c_str());
966    }
967
968    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
969    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
970    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
971    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
972
973    /*
974     * Initialize the VM.
975     *
976     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
977     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
978     * JNI calls.
979     */
980    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
981        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
982        return -1;
983    }
984
985    return 0;
986}
987
988char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
989{
990    char* result = strdup(className);
991    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
992        if (*cp == '.') {
993            *cp = '/';
994        }
995    }
996    return result;
997}
998
999/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
1000jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
1001    if (!bytes) return NULL;
1002    int length = strlen(bytes);
1003    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
1004    if (!buffer) return NULL;
1005    jchar* chp = buffer;
1006    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
1007        *chp++ = *bytes++;
1008    }
1009    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
1010}
1011
1012
1013/*
1014 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
1015 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
1016 * named by "className".
1017 *
1018 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
1019 * options string.
1020 */
1021void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
1022{
1023    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
1024            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
1025
1026    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
1027
1028    /*
1029     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
1030     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
1031     */
1032    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1033        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
1034           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1035           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1036           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1037        }
1038    }
1039
1040    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1041    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1042        rootDir = "/system";
1043        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1044            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1045            return;
1046        }
1047        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1048    }
1049
1050    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1051    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1052
1053    /* start the virtual machine */
1054    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1055    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1056    JNIEnv* env;
1057    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1058        return;
1059    }
1060    onVmCreated(env);
1061
1062    /*
1063     * Register android functions.
1064     */
1065    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1066        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1067        return;
1068    }
1069
1070    /*
1071     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1072     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1073     * Create an array to hold them.
1074     */
1075    jclass stringClass;
1076    jobjectArray strArray;
1077    jstring classNameStr;
1078
1079    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1080    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1081    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1082    assert(strArray != NULL);
1083    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1084    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1085    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1086
1087    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1088        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1089        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1090        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1091    }
1092
1093    /*
1094     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1095     * not return until the VM exits.
1096     */
1097    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className != NULL ? className : "");
1098    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1099    if (startClass == NULL) {
1100        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1101        /* keep going */
1102    } else {
1103        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1104            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1105        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1106            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1107            /* keep going */
1108        } else {
1109            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1110
1111#if 0
1112            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1113                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1114#endif
1115        }
1116    }
1117    free(slashClassName);
1118
1119    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1120    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1121        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1122    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1123        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1124}
1125
1126void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1127{
1128    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1129        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1130        ::_exit(code);
1131    } else {
1132        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1133        onExit(code);
1134        ::exit(code);
1135    }
1136}
1137
1138void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1139{
1140    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1141}
1142
1143/*
1144 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1145 *
1146 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1147 */
1148/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1149{
1150    JNIEnv* env;
1151    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1152    assert(vm != NULL);
1153
1154    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1155        return NULL;
1156    return env;
1157}
1158
1159/*
1160 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1161 *
1162 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1163 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1164 */
1165static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1166{
1167    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1168    JavaVM* vm;
1169    jint result;
1170
1171    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1172    assert(vm != NULL);
1173
1174    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1175    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1176    args.group = NULL;
1177
1178    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1179    if (result != JNI_OK)
1180        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1181
1182    return result;
1183}
1184
1185/*
1186 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1187 */
1188static int javaDetachThread(void)
1189{
1190    JavaVM* vm;
1191    jint result;
1192
1193    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1194    assert(vm != NULL);
1195
1196    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1197    if (result != JNI_OK)
1198        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1199    return result;
1200}
1201
1202/*
1203 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1204 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1205 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1206 */
1207/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1208    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1209    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1210    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1211    free(args);
1212    JNIEnv* env;
1213    int result;
1214
1215    /* hook us into the VM */
1216    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1217        return -1;
1218
1219    /* start the thread running */
1220    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1221
1222    /* unhook us */
1223    javaDetachThread();
1224    free(name);
1225
1226    return result;
1227}
1228
1229/*
1230 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1231 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1232 *
1233 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1234 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1235 */
1236/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1237                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1238                                void* userData,
1239                                const char* threadName,
1240                                int32_t threadPriority,
1241                                size_t threadStackSize,
1242                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1243{
1244    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1245    int result;
1246
1247    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadName == nullptr, "threadName not provided to javaCreateThreadEtc");
1248
1249    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1250    args[1] = userData;
1251    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1252
1253    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1254        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1255    return result;
1256}
1257
1258/*
1259 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1260 *
1261 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1262 */
1263/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1264    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1265{
1266    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1267    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1268        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1269    return threadId;
1270}
1271
1272#if 0
1273static void quickTest(void* arg)
1274{
1275    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1276
1277    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1278}
1279#endif
1280
1281#ifdef NDEBUG
1282    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1283    struct RegJNIRec {
1284        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1285    };
1286#else
1287    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1288    struct RegJNIRec {
1289        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1290        const char* mName;
1291    };
1292#endif
1293
1294typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1295
1296static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1297{
1298    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1299        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1300#ifndef NDEBUG
1301            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1302#endif
1303            return -1;
1304        }
1305    }
1306    return 0;
1307}
1308
1309static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1310    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1311    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit),
1312    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1313    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1314    REG_JNI(register_android_util_StatsLog),
1315    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1316    REG_JNI(register_android_util_MemoryIntArray),
1317    REG_JNI(register_android_util_PathParser),
1318    REG_JNI(register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog),
1319    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1320    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1321    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1322    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1323    REG_JNI(register_android_text_Hyphenator),
1324    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1325    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidBidi),
1326    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1327    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1328    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1329    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1330    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1331    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1332    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBinder),
1333    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBlob),
1334    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwParcel),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_os_VintfObject),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_os_VintfRuntimeInfo),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1342    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1343    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1344    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1351    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1352    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1353    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1356    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1360    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1361    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1362    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32),
1365
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1375    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_GraphicBuffer),
1376    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1377    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1378    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1379    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1380    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1381    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1390    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1391    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable),
1392    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1396
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1398    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1400    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1402    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_os_seccomp),
1407    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1408    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1409    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_net_TrafficStats),
1412    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SharedMemory),
1414    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ClassLoaderFactory),
1415    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1416    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit),
1417    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1420    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1422    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1423    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_HardwareBuffer),
1424    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1425    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1426    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1427    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1428    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1429    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1430    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1431    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1432    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1433    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1434    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1435    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1436    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1437
1438    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1439    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1440    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1441    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1442    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1443    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1444    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1445    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1446    REG_JNI(register_android_app_Activity),
1447    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1448    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders),
1449    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1450    REG_JNI(register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile),
1451    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1452    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1453    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1454    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1455    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1456    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1457    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1458    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1459
1460    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1461    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1462
1463    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1464    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1465    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1466    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_FuseAppLoop),
1467};
1468
1469/*
1470 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1471 */
1472/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1473{
1474    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1475    /*
1476     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1477     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1478     * Attach calls.)
1479     */
1480    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1481
1482    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1483
1484    /*
1485     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1486     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1487     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1488     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1489     */
1490    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1491
1492    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1493        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1494        return -1;
1495    }
1496    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1497
1498    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1499
1500    return 0;
1501}
1502
1503AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1504{
1505    return gCurRuntime;
1506}
1507
1508/**
1509 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1510 * the framework.
1511 */
1512extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1513    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1514}
1515}   // namespace android
1516