AndroidRuntime.cpp revision 42cd265639f626fd4cd085b2c452b59bd7b174fe 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22#include <binder/IBinder.h>
23#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
24#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
25#include <utils/Log.h>
26#include <utils/misc.h>
27#include <utils/Trace.h>
28#include <binder/Parcel.h>
29#include <utils/threads.h>
30#include <cutils/properties.h>
31
32#include <SkGraphics.h>
33#include <SkImageDecoder.h>
34
35#include "jni.h"
36#include "JNIHelp.h"
37#include "JniInvocation.h"
38#include "android_util_Binder.h"
39
40#include <stdio.h>
41#include <signal.h>
42#include <sys/stat.h>
43#include <sys/types.h>
44#include <signal.h>
45#include <dirent.h>
46#include <assert.h>
47
48#include <string>
49#include <vector>
50
51
52using namespace android;
53
54extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
55extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
57extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
60extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
66extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
67extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
68extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
70
71extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
72extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
73extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
75extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
76extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
83extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32(JNIEnv* env);
84
85extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
86extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
87extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
88extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
89extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
90extern int register_android_hardware_Radio(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
97extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
98extern int register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService(JNIEnv* env);
99
100extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
101extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
103extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
104extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
105
106namespace android {
107
108/*
109 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
110 * namespace android.
111 */
112extern int register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog(JNIEnv* env);
113extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
114extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
115extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
116extern int register_android_util_MemoryIntArray(JNIEnv* env);
117extern int register_android_util_PathParser(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
122extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer(JNIEnv*);
126extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
127extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
131extern int register_android_graphics_PorterDuff(JNIEnv* env);
132extern int register_android_graphics_Rasterizer(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_graphics_Xfermode(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
137extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_view_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
147extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
150extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
153extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
155extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
157extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
158extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
159extern int register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment(JNIEnv* env);
160extern int register_android_os_HwBinder(JNIEnv *env);
161extern int register_android_os_HwBlob(JNIEnv *env);
162extern int register_android_os_HwParcel(JNIEnv *env);
163extern int register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder(JNIEnv *env);
164extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
165extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
166extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
167extern int register_android_os_VintfObject(JNIEnv *env);
168extern int register_android_os_VintfRuntimeInfo(JNIEnv *env);
169extern int register_android_os_seccomp(JNIEnv* env);
170extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
171extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
172extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
173extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
174extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
175extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
176extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
177extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
178extern int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env);
179extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
180extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
181extern int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv *env);
182extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
183extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
184extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
185extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
186extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
187extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
188extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
189extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
190extern int register_android_app_Activity(JNIEnv *env);
191extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
192extern int register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders(JNIEnv *env);
193extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
194extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
195extern int register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile(JNIEnv* env);
196extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
197extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
198extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
199extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
200extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
201extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
202extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
203extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
204extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
205extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
206extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
207extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
208extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
209extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
210extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
211extern int register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory(JNIEnv* env);
212extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
213extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
214
215static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
216
217/*
218 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
219 */
220static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
221{
222    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
223}
224
225static void com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
226{
227    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
228}
229
230static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
231        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
232{
233    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
234}
235
236/*
237 * JNI registration.
238 */
239
240int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
241{
242    const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
243        { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
244            (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
245        { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
246            (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
247    };
248    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
249        methods, NELEM(methods));
250}
251
252int register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env)
253{
254    const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
255        { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
256            (void*) com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit },
257    };
258    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit",
259        methods, NELEM(methods));
260}
261
262// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
263
264/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
265
266AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
267        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
268        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
269        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
270{
271    SkGraphics::Init();
272    // There is also a global font cache, but its budget is specified by
273    // SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_COUNT_LIMIT and SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_LIMIT.
274
275    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
276    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
277
278    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
279    gCurRuntime = this;
280}
281
282AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
283{
284    SkGraphics::Term();
285}
286
287/*
288 * Register native methods using JNI.
289 */
290/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
291    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
292{
293    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
294}
295
296void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0, bool setProcName) {
297    if (setProcName) {
298        int len = strlen(argv0);
299        if (len < 15) {
300            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0);
301        } else {
302            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0 + len - 15);
303        }
304    }
305    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
306    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
307}
308
309status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
310    const Vector<String8>& args)
311{
312    JNIEnv* env;
313    jmethodID methodId;
314
315    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
316
317    env = getJNIEnv();
318    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
319        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
320    }
321
322    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
323    if (methodId == NULL) {
324        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
325        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
326    }
327
328    /*
329     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
330     * Create an array and populate it.
331     */
332    jclass stringClass;
333    jobjectArray strArray;
334
335    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
336    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
337    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
338
339    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
340        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
341        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
342    }
343
344    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
345    return NO_ERROR;
346}
347
348/*
349 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
350 */
351static void runtime_exit(int code)
352{
353    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
354}
355
356/*
357 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
358 *
359 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
360 */
361static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
362{
363    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
364}
365
366/**
367 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
368 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
369 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
370 *
371 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
372 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
373 * into us)
374 */
375static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
376    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
377    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
378}
379
380static int hasDir(const char* dir)
381{
382    struct stat s;
383    int res = stat(dir, &s);
384    if (res == 0) {
385        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
386    }
387    return 0;
388}
389
390static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
391    struct stat s;
392    int res = stat(file, &s);
393    if (res == 0) {
394        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
395    }
396    return false;
397}
398
399// Convenience wrapper over the property API that returns an
400// std::string.
401std::string getProperty(const char* key, const char* defaultValue) {
402    std::vector<char> temp(PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
403    const int len = property_get(key, &temp[0], defaultValue);
404    if (len < 0) {
405        return "";
406    }
407    return std::string(&temp[0], len);
408}
409
410/*
411 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
412 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
413 *
414 * (1) persist.sys.locale
415 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
416 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
417 * (3) ro.product.locale
418 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
419 *
420 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
421 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
422 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
423 */
424const std::string readLocale()
425{
426    const std::string locale = getProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
427    if (!locale.empty()) {
428        return locale;
429    }
430
431    const std::string language = getProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
432    if (!language.empty()) {
433        const std::string country = getProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
434        const std::string variant = getProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
435
436        std::string out = language;
437        if (!country.empty()) {
438            out = out + "-" + country;
439        }
440
441        if (!variant.empty()) {
442            out = out + "-" + variant;
443        }
444
445        return out;
446    }
447
448    const std::string productLocale = getProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
449    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
450        return productLocale;
451    }
452
453    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
454    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
455    const std::string productLanguage = getProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
456    const std::string productRegion = getProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
457
458    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
459}
460
461void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
462{
463    JavaVMOption opt;
464    opt.optionString = optionString;
465    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
466    mOptions.add(opt);
467}
468
469/*
470 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
471 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
472 *
473 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
474 *
475 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
476 *
477 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
478 */
479void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
480{
481    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
482    char* end = NULL;
483    while (*start != '\0') {
484        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
485            start++;
486        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
487            break;
488
489        end = start+1;
490        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
491            end++;
492        if (*end == ' ')
493            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
494
495        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
496            addOption(quotingArg);
497        }
498        addOption(start);
499        start = end;
500    }
501}
502
503/*
504 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
505 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
506 * as "-Xmx32m".
507 *
508 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
509 *
510 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
511 *
512 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
513 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
514 */
515bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
516                                        char* buffer,
517                                        const char* runtimeArg,
518                                        const char* defaultArg)
519{
520    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
521    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
522    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
523    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
524        return false;
525    }
526    addOption(buffer);
527    return true;
528}
529
530/*
531 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
532 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
533 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=assume-verified".
534 *
535 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
536 *
537 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
538 *
539 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
540 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
541 */
542bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
543                                         char* buffer,
544                                         const char* compilerArg,
545                                         const char* quotingArg)
546{
547    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
548    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
549    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
550    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
551        return false;
552    }
553    addOption(quotingArg);
554    addOption(buffer);
555    return true;
556}
557
558/*
559 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
560 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
561 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
562 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
563 *
564 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
565 *
566 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
567 *
568 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
569 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
570 */
571bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
572                                                char* buffer,
573                                                const char* runtimeArg,
574                                                const char* quotingArg)
575{
576    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
577    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
578    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
579    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
580        return false;
581    }
582    addOption(quotingArg);
583    addOption("--runtime-arg");
584    addOption(quotingArg);
585    addOption(buffer);
586    return true;
587}
588
589/*
590 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
591 *
592 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
593 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
594 *
595 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
596 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
597 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
598 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
599 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
600 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
601 * and thus introduce a bug.
602 *
603 * Returns 0 on success.
604 */
605int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
606{
607    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
608    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
609    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
610    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
611    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
617    char jitmaxsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitmaxsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char jitinitialsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitinitialsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
619    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char useJitProfilesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char jitprithreadweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjitprithreadweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char jittransitionweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjittransitionweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char hotstartupsamplesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xps-hot-startup-method-samples:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
624    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
625    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
626    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
627    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
628    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
629    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
630    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
631    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
632    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
633    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
634    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
635    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
636    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
637    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
638    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
639    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
640    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
641    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
642    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
643    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
644    enum {
645      kEMDefault,
646      kEMIntPortable,
647      kEMIntFast,
648      kEMJitCompiler,
649    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
650    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
651    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
652    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
653    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
654    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
655    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
656    char fingerprintBuf[sizeof("-Xfingerprint:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
657
658    bool checkJni = false;
659    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
660    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
661        checkJni = true;
662    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
663        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
664        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
665        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
666            checkJni = true;
667        }
668    }
669    ALOGD("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
670    if (checkJni) {
671        /* extended JNI checking */
672        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
673
674        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
675        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
676    }
677
678    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
679    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
680        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
681    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
682        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
683    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
684        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
685    }
686
687    // If dalvik.vm.stack-trace-dir is set, it enables the "new" stack trace
688    // dump scheme and a new file is created for each stack dump. If it isn't set,
689    // the old scheme is enabled.
690    property_get("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-dir", propBuf, "");
691    if (strlen(propBuf) > 0) {
692        addOption("-Xusetombstonedtraces");
693    } else {
694        parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
695    }
696
697    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
698    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
699        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
700    }
701
702    /* route exit() to our handler */
703    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
704
705    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
706    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
707
708    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
709    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
710
711    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
712    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
713    addOption("-verbose:gc");
714    //addOption("-verbose:class");
715
716    /*
717     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
718     * values should be specified in a product property override.
719     */
720    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
721    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
722
723    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
724    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
725    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
726    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
727                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
728                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
729
730    /*
731     * JIT related options.
732     */
733    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
734    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitmaxsize", jitmaxsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitmaxsize:");
735    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitinitialsize", jitinitialsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitinitialsize:");
736    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
737    property_get("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "");
738    if (strcmp(useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "true") == 0) {
739        addOption("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo");
740    }
741
742    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitprithreadweight",
743                       jitprithreadweightOptBuf,
744                       "-Xjitprithreadweight:");
745
746    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jittransitionweight",
747                       jittransitionweightOptBuf,
748                       "-Xjittransitionweight:");
749
750    /*
751     * Profile related options.
752     */
753    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.hot-startup-method-samples", hotstartupsamplesOptsBuf,
754            "-Xps-hot-startup-method-samples:");
755
756    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
757    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
758      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
759    }
760
761    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
762    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
763
764    /*
765     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
766     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
767     */
768    if (zygote) {
769      addOption("-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_android_adb,suspend=n,server=y");
770    }
771
772    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
773                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
774                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
775
776    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
777        addOption("-Xint:portable");
778    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
779        addOption("-Xint:fast");
780    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
781        addOption("-Xint:jit");
782    }
783
784    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
785    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
786    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
787                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
788
789    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
790    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
791                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
792    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
793                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
794    if (skip_compilation) {
795        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
796        addOption("--compiler-filter=assume-verified");
797    } else {
798        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
799                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
800    }
801
802    // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
803    if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
804        ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
805              strerror(errno));
806        return -1;
807    }
808    addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
809    addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
810
811    // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
812    if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
813        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
814        addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
815    }
816
817    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
818    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
819
820    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
821    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
822                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
823    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
824                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
825    if (skip_compilation) {
826        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
827        addOption("--compiler-filter=assume-verified");
828
829        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
830        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
831        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
832        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
833        // directly instead.
834        addOption("--runtime-arg");
835        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
836    } else {
837        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
838                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
839    }
840    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
841    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
842                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
843
844    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
845    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
846    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
847#if defined(__arm__)
848    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
849#elif defined(__aarch64__)
850    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
851#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
852    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
853#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
854    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
855#elif defined(__i386__)
856    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
857#elif defined(__x86_64__)
858    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
859#else
860    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
861#endif
862    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
863    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
864    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
865
866    // Copy the variant.
867    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
868    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
869                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
870    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
871                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
872    // Copy the features.
873    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
874    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
875                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
876    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
877                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
878
879
880    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
881    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
882
883    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
884    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
885    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
886
887    /* Set the properties for locale */
888    {
889        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
890        const std::string locale = readLocale();
891        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
892        addOption(localeOption);
893    }
894
895    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
896    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
897    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
898        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
899        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
900            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
901            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
902                               methodTraceFileBuf,
903                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
904            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
905                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
906                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
907            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
908            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
909                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
910            }
911        }
912    }
913
914    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
915    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
916    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
917        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
918    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
919        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
920                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
921        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
922    }
923
924#if defined(__LP64__)
925    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
926#else
927    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
928#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
929    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
930    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
931        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
932        return -1;
933    }
934    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
935    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
936
937    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
938    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
939                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
940
941    /*
942     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
943     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
944     * will include native debugging information.
945     */
946    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
947    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
948        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
949        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
950        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
951        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
952    }
953
954    /*
955     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
956     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
957     */
958    parseRuntimeOption("ro.build.fingerprint", fingerprintBuf, "-Xfingerprint:");
959
960    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
961    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
962    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
963    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
964
965    /*
966     * Initialize the VM.
967     *
968     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
969     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
970     * JNI calls.
971     */
972    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
973        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
974        return -1;
975    }
976
977    return 0;
978}
979
980char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
981{
982    char* result = strdup(className);
983    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
984        if (*cp == '.') {
985            *cp = '/';
986        }
987    }
988    return result;
989}
990
991/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
992jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
993    if (!bytes) return NULL;
994    int length = strlen(bytes);
995    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
996    if (!buffer) return NULL;
997    jchar* chp = buffer;
998    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
999        *chp++ = *bytes++;
1000    }
1001    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
1002}
1003
1004
1005/*
1006 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
1007 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
1008 * named by "className".
1009 *
1010 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
1011 * options string.
1012 */
1013void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
1014{
1015    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
1016            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
1017
1018    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
1019
1020    /*
1021     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
1022     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
1023     */
1024    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1025        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
1026           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1027           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1028           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1029        }
1030    }
1031
1032    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1033    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1034        rootDir = "/system";
1035        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1036            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1037            return;
1038        }
1039        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1040    }
1041
1042    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1043    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1044
1045    /* start the virtual machine */
1046    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1047    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1048    JNIEnv* env;
1049    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1050        return;
1051    }
1052    onVmCreated(env);
1053
1054    /*
1055     * Register android functions.
1056     */
1057    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1058        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1059        return;
1060    }
1061
1062    /*
1063     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1064     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1065     * Create an array to hold them.
1066     */
1067    jclass stringClass;
1068    jobjectArray strArray;
1069    jstring classNameStr;
1070
1071    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1072    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1073    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1074    assert(strArray != NULL);
1075    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1076    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1077    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1078
1079    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1080        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1081        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1082        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1083    }
1084
1085    /*
1086     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1087     * not return until the VM exits.
1088     */
1089    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className);
1090    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1091    if (startClass == NULL) {
1092        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1093        /* keep going */
1094    } else {
1095        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1096            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1097        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1098            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1099            /* keep going */
1100        } else {
1101            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1102
1103#if 0
1104            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1105                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1106#endif
1107        }
1108    }
1109    free(slashClassName);
1110
1111    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1112    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1113        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1114    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1115        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1116}
1117
1118void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1119{
1120    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1121        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1122        ::_exit(code);
1123    } else {
1124        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1125        onExit(code);
1126        ::exit(code);
1127    }
1128}
1129
1130void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1131{
1132    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1133}
1134
1135/*
1136 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1137 *
1138 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1139 */
1140/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1141{
1142    JNIEnv* env;
1143    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1144    assert(vm != NULL);
1145
1146    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1147        return NULL;
1148    return env;
1149}
1150
1151/*
1152 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1153 *
1154 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1155 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1156 */
1157static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1158{
1159    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1160    JavaVM* vm;
1161    jint result;
1162
1163    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1164    assert(vm != NULL);
1165
1166    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1167    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1168    args.group = NULL;
1169
1170    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1171    if (result != JNI_OK)
1172        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1173
1174    return result;
1175}
1176
1177/*
1178 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1179 */
1180static int javaDetachThread(void)
1181{
1182    JavaVM* vm;
1183    jint result;
1184
1185    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1186    assert(vm != NULL);
1187
1188    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1189    if (result != JNI_OK)
1190        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1191    return result;
1192}
1193
1194/*
1195 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1196 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1197 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1198 */
1199/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1200    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1201    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1202    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1203    free(args);
1204    JNIEnv* env;
1205    int result;
1206
1207    /* hook us into the VM */
1208    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1209        return -1;
1210
1211    /* start the thread running */
1212    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1213
1214    /* unhook us */
1215    javaDetachThread();
1216    free(name);
1217
1218    return result;
1219}
1220
1221/*
1222 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1223 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1224 *
1225 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1226 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1227 */
1228/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1229                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1230                                void* userData,
1231                                const char* threadName,
1232                                int32_t threadPriority,
1233                                size_t threadStackSize,
1234                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1235{
1236    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1237    int result;
1238
1239    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadName == nullptr, "threadName not provided to javaCreateThreadEtc");
1240
1241    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1242    args[1] = userData;
1243    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1244
1245    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1246        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1247    return result;
1248}
1249
1250/*
1251 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1252 *
1253 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1254 */
1255/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1256    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1257{
1258    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1259    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1260        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1261    return threadId;
1262}
1263
1264#if 0
1265static void quickTest(void* arg)
1266{
1267    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1268
1269    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1270}
1271#endif
1272
1273#ifdef NDEBUG
1274    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1275    struct RegJNIRec {
1276        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1277    };
1278#else
1279    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1280    struct RegJNIRec {
1281        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1282        const char* mName;
1283    };
1284#endif
1285
1286typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1287
1288static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1289{
1290    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1291        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1292#ifndef NDEBUG
1293            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1294#endif
1295            return -1;
1296        }
1297    }
1298    return 0;
1299}
1300
1301static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1302    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1303    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit),
1304    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1305    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1306    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1307    REG_JNI(register_android_util_MemoryIntArray),
1308    REG_JNI(register_android_util_PathParser),
1309    REG_JNI(register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog),
1310    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1311    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1312    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1313    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1314    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1315    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidBidi),
1316    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1317    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1318    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1319    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1320    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1321    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1322    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBinder),
1323    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBlob),
1324    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwParcel),
1325    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder),
1326    REG_JNI(register_android_os_VintfObject),
1327    REG_JNI(register_android_os_VintfRuntimeInfo),
1328    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1329    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1330    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1331    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1332    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1333    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1334    REG_JNI(register_android_view_GraphicBuffer),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1342    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1343    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1344    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1351    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1352    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1353    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32),
1356
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1360    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1361    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1362    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1365    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1375    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1376    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1377    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PorterDuff),
1378    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Rasterizer),
1379    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1380    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1381    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Xfermode),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1390
1391    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1392    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1396    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment),
1398    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1400    REG_JNI(register_android_os_seccomp),
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1402    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_net_TrafficStats),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1407    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory),
1408    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1409    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1412    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1414    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1415    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Radio),
1416    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1417    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1420    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1422    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1423    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService),
1424    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1425    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1426    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1427    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1428    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1429    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1430
1431    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1432    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1433    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1434    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1435    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1436    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1437    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1438    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1439    REG_JNI(register_android_app_Activity),
1440    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1441    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders),
1442    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1443    REG_JNI(register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile),
1444    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1445    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1446    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1447    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1448    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1449    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1450    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1451    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1452
1453    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1454    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1455
1456    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1457    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1458    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1459
1460};
1461
1462/*
1463 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1464 */
1465/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1466{
1467    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1468    /*
1469     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1470     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1471     * Attach calls.)
1472     */
1473    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1474
1475    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1476
1477    /*
1478     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1479     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1480     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1481     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1482     */
1483    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1484
1485    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1486        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1487        return -1;
1488    }
1489    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1490
1491    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1492
1493    return 0;
1494}
1495
1496AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1497{
1498    return gCurRuntime;
1499}
1500
1501/**
1502 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1503 * the framework.
1504 */
1505extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1506    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1507}
1508}   // namespace android
1509