AndroidRuntime.cpp revision 92290b8963e55dac1be729dc2424b356794733e3 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22#include <binder/IBinder.h>
23#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
24#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
25#include <utils/Log.h>
26#include <utils/misc.h>
27#include <utils/Trace.h>
28#include <binder/Parcel.h>
29#include <utils/threads.h>
30#include <cutils/properties.h>
31
32#include <SkGraphics.h>
33#include <SkImageDecoder.h>
34
35#include "jni.h"
36#include "JNIHelp.h"
37#include "JniInvocation.h"
38#include "android_util_Binder.h"
39
40#include <stdio.h>
41#include <signal.h>
42#include <sys/stat.h>
43#include <sys/types.h>
44#include <signal.h>
45#include <dirent.h>
46#include <assert.h>
47
48#include <string>
49#include <vector>
50
51
52using namespace android;
53
54extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
55extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
57extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
60extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
66extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
67extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
68extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
70
71extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
72extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
73extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
75extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
76extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
83
84extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
85extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
86extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
87extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
88extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
89extern int register_android_hardware_Radio(JNIEnv *env);
90extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
97
98extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
99extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
100extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
101extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
103
104namespace android {
105
106/*
107 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
108 * namespace android.
109 */
110extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
111extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
112extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
113extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
114extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
115extern int register_android_emoji_EmojiFactory(JNIEnv* env);
116extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
117extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer(JNIEnv*);
122extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
126extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
127extern int register_android_graphics_PorterDuff(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_Rasterizer(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
131extern int register_android_graphics_Xfermode(JNIEnv* env);
132extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
137extern int register_android_view_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
147extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
150extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
153extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
155extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
157extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
158extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
159extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
160extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
161extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
162extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
163extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
164extern int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env);
165extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
166extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
167extern int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv *env);
168extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
169extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
170extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
171extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
172extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
173extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
174extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
175extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
176extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
177extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
178extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
179extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
180extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
181extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
182extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
183extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
184extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
185extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
186extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
187extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
188extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
189extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
190extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
191extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
192extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
193extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
194extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
195extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
196
197static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
198
199/*
200 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
201 */
202static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
203{
204    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
205}
206
207static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
208{
209    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
210}
211
212static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
213        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
214{
215    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
216}
217
218/*
219 * JNI registration.
220 */
221static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
222    { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
223        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
224    { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
225        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit },
226    { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
227        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
228};
229
230int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
231{
232    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
233        gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
234}
235
236// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
237
238/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
239
240AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
241        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
242        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
243        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
244{
245    SkGraphics::Init();
246    // There is also a global font cache, but its budget is specified by
247    // SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_COUNT_LIMIT and SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_LIMIT.
248
249    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
250    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
251
252    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
253    gCurRuntime = this;
254}
255
256AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
257{
258    SkGraphics::Term();
259}
260
261/*
262 * Register native methods using JNI.
263 */
264/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
265    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
266{
267    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
268}
269
270void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0) {
271    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
272    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
273}
274
275status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
276    const Vector<String8>& args)
277{
278    JNIEnv* env;
279    jmethodID methodId;
280
281    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
282
283    env = getJNIEnv();
284    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
285        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
286    }
287
288    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
289    if (methodId == NULL) {
290        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
291        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
292    }
293
294    /*
295     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
296     * Create an array and populate it.
297     */
298    jclass stringClass;
299    jobjectArray strArray;
300
301    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
302    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
303    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
304
305    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
306        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
307        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
308    }
309
310    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
311    return NO_ERROR;
312}
313
314/*
315 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
316 */
317static void runtime_exit(int code)
318{
319    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
320}
321
322/*
323 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
324 *
325 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
326 */
327static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
328{
329    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
330}
331
332/**
333 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
334 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
335 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
336 *
337 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
338 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
339 * into us)
340 */
341static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
342    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
343    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
344}
345
346static int hasDir(const char* dir)
347{
348    struct stat s;
349    int res = stat(dir, &s);
350    if (res == 0) {
351        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
352    }
353    return 0;
354}
355
356static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
357    struct stat s;
358    int res = stat(file, &s);
359    if (res == 0) {
360        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
361    }
362    return false;
363}
364
365// Convenience wrapper over the property API that returns an
366// std::string.
367std::string getProperty(const char* key, const char* defaultValue) {
368    std::vector<char> temp(PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
369    const int len = property_get(key, &temp[0], defaultValue);
370    if (len < 0) {
371        return "";
372    }
373    return std::string(&temp[0], len);
374}
375
376/*
377 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
378 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
379 *
380 * (1) persist.sys.locale
381 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
382 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
383 * (3) ro.product.locale
384 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
385 *
386 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
387 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
388 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
389 */
390const std::string readLocale()
391{
392    const std::string locale = getProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
393    if (!locale.empty()) {
394        return locale;
395    }
396
397    const std::string language = getProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
398    if (!language.empty()) {
399        const std::string country = getProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
400        const std::string variant = getProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
401
402        std::string out = language;
403        if (!country.empty()) {
404            out = out + "-" + country;
405        }
406
407        if (!variant.empty()) {
408            out = out + "-" + variant;
409        }
410
411        return out;
412    }
413
414    const std::string productLocale = getProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
415    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
416        return productLocale;
417    }
418
419    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
420    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
421    const std::string productLanguage = getProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
422    const std::string productRegion = getProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
423
424    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
425}
426
427void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
428{
429    JavaVMOption opt;
430    opt.optionString = optionString;
431    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
432    mOptions.add(opt);
433}
434
435/*
436 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
437 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
438 *
439 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
440 *
441 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
442 *
443 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
444 */
445void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
446{
447    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
448    char* end = NULL;
449    while (*start != '\0') {
450        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
451            start++;
452        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
453            break;
454
455        end = start+1;
456        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
457            end++;
458        if (*end == ' ')
459            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
460
461        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
462            addOption(quotingArg);
463        }
464        addOption(start);
465        start = end;
466    }
467}
468
469/*
470 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
471 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
472 * as "-Xmx32m".
473 *
474 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
475 *
476 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
477 *
478 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
479 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
480 */
481bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
482                                        char* buffer,
483                                        const char* runtimeArg,
484                                        const char* defaultArg)
485{
486    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
487    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
488    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
489    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
490        return false;
491    }
492    addOption(buffer);
493    return true;
494}
495
496/*
497 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
498 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
499 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=verify-none".
500 *
501 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
502 *
503 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
504 *
505 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
506 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
507 */
508bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
509                                         char* buffer,
510                                         const char* compilerArg,
511                                         const char* quotingArg)
512{
513    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
514    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
515    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
516    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
517        return false;
518    }
519    addOption(quotingArg);
520    addOption(buffer);
521    return true;
522}
523
524/*
525 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
526 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
527 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
528 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
529 *
530 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
531 *
532 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
533 *
534 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
535 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
536 */
537bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
538                                                char* buffer,
539                                                const char* runtimeArg,
540                                                const char* quotingArg)
541{
542    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
543    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
544    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
545    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
546        return false;
547    }
548    addOption(quotingArg);
549    addOption("--runtime-arg");
550    addOption(quotingArg);
551    addOption(buffer);
552    return true;
553}
554
555/*
556 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
557 *
558 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
559 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
560 *
561 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
562 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
563 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
564 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
565 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
566 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
567 * and thus introduce a bug.
568 *
569 * Returns 0 on success.
570 */
571int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
572{
573    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
574    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
575    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
576    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
577    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
578    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
579    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
580    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
581    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
582    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
583    char jitcodecachesizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitcodecachesize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
584    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
585    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
586    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
587    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
588    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
589    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
590    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
591    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
592    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
593    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
594    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
595    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
596    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
597    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
598    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
599    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
600    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
601    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
602    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
603    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
604    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
605    enum {
606      kEMDefault,
607      kEMIntPortable,
608      kEMIntFast,
609      kEMJitCompiler,
610    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
611    char profilePeriod[sizeof("-Xprofile-period:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char profileDuration[sizeof("-Xprofile-duration:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char profileInterval[sizeof("-Xprofile-interval:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char profileBackoff[sizeof("-Xprofile-backoff:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char profileTopKThreshold[sizeof("-Xprofile-top-k-threshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char profileTopKChangeThreshold[sizeof("-Xprofile-top-k-change-threshold:")-1 +
617                                    PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char profileType[sizeof("-Xprofile-type:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
619    char profileMaxStackDepth[sizeof("-Xprofile-max-stack-depth:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
624    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
625    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
626    char fingerprintBuf[sizeof("-Xfingerprint:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
627
628    bool checkJni = false;
629    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
630    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
631        checkJni = true;
632    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
633        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
634        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
635        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
636            checkJni = true;
637        }
638    }
639    ALOGD("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
640    if (checkJni) {
641        /* extended JNI checking */
642        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
643
644        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
645        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
646    }
647
648    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
649    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
650        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
651    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
652        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
653    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
654        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
655    }
656
657    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
658
659    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
660    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
661        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
662    }
663
664    /* route exit() to our handler */
665    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
666
667    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
668    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
669
670    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
671    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
672
673    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
674    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
675    addOption("-verbose:gc");
676    //addOption("-verbose:class");
677
678    /*
679     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
680     * values should be specified in a product property override.
681     */
682    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
683    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
684
685    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
686    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
687    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
688    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
689                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
690                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
691
692    /*
693     * JIT related options.
694     */
695    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
696    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitcodecachesize", jitcodecachesizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitcodecachesize:");
697    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
698
699    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
700    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
701      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
702    }
703
704    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
705    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
706
707    /*
708     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
709     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
710     */
711    if (zygote) {
712      addOption("-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_android_adb,suspend=n,server=y");
713    }
714
715    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
716                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
717                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
718
719    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
720        addOption("-Xint:portable");
721    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
722        addOption("-Xint:fast");
723    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
724        addOption("-Xint:jit");
725    }
726
727    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
728    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
729    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
730                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
731
732    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
733    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
734                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
735    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
736                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
737    if (skip_compilation) {
738        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
739        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
740    } else {
741        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
742                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
743    }
744
745    // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
746    if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
747        ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
748              strerror(errno));
749        return -1;
750    }
751    addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
752    addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
753
754    // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
755    if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
756        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
757        addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
758    }
759
760    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
761    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
762
763    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
764    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
765                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
766    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
767                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
768    if (skip_compilation) {
769        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
770        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
771
772        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
773        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
774        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
775        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
776        // directly instead.
777        addOption("--runtime-arg");
778        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
779    } else {
780        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
781                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
782    }
783    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
784    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
785                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
786
787    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
788    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
789    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
790#if defined(__arm__)
791    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
792#elif defined(__aarch64__)
793    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
794#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
795    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
796#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
797    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
798#elif defined(__i386__)
799    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
800#elif defined(__x86_64__)
801    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
802#else
803    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
804#endif
805    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
806    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
807    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
808
809    // Copy the variant.
810    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
811    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
812                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
813    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
814                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
815    // Copy the features.
816    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
817    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
818                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
819    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
820                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
821
822
823    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
824    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
825
826    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
827    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
828    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
829
830    /* Set the properties for locale */
831    {
832        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
833        const std::string locale = readLocale();
834        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
835        addOption(localeOption);
836    }
837
838    /*
839     * Set profiler options
840     */
841    // Whether or not the profiler should be enabled.
842    property_get("dalvik.vm.profiler", propBuf, "0");
843    if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
844        addOption("-Xenable-profiler");
845    }
846
847    // Whether the profile should start upon app startup or be delayed by some random offset
848    // (in seconds) that is bound between 0 and a fixed value.
849    property_get("dalvik.vm.profile.start-immed", propBuf, "0");
850    if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
851        addOption("-Xprofile-start-immediately");
852    }
853
854    // Number of seconds during profile runs.
855    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.period-secs", profilePeriod, "-Xprofile-period:");
856
857    // Length of each profile run (seconds).
858    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.duration-secs",
859                       profileDuration,
860                       "-Xprofile-duration:");
861
862    // Polling interval during profile run (microseconds).
863    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.interval-us", profileInterval, "-Xprofile-interval:");
864
865    // Coefficient for period backoff.  The the period is multiplied
866    // by this value after each profile run.
867    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.backoff-coeff", profileBackoff, "-Xprofile-backoff:");
868
869    // Top K% of samples that are considered relevant when
870    // deciding if the app should be recompiled.
871    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.top-k-thr",
872                       profileTopKThreshold,
873                       "-Xprofile-top-k-threshold:");
874
875    // The threshold after which a change in the structure of the
876    // top K% profiled samples becomes significant and triggers
877    // recompilation. A change in profile is considered
878    // significant if X% (top-k-change-threshold) of the top K%
879    // (top-k-threshold property) samples has changed.
880    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.top-k-ch-thr",
881                       profileTopKChangeThreshold,
882                       "-Xprofile-top-k-change-threshold:");
883
884    // Type of profile data.
885    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profiler.type", profileType, "-Xprofile-type:");
886
887    // Depth of bounded stack data
888    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.profile.stack-depth",
889                       profileMaxStackDepth,
890                       "-Xprofile-max-stack-depth:");
891
892    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
893    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
894    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
895        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
896        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
897            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
898            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
899                               methodTraceFileBuf,
900                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
901            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
902                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
903                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
904            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
905            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
906                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
907            }
908        }
909    }
910
911    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
912    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
913    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
914        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
915    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
916        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
917                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
918        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
919    }
920
921#if defined(__LP64__)
922    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
923#else
924    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
925#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
926    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
927    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
928        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
929        return -1;
930    }
931    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
932    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
933
934    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
935    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
936                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
937
938    /*
939     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
940     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
941     * will include native debugging information.
942     */
943    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
944    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
945        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
946        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
947        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
948        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
949    }
950
951    /*
952     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
953     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
954     */
955    parseRuntimeOption("ro.build.fingerprint", fingerprintBuf, "-Xfingerprint:");
956
957    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
958    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
959    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
960    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
961
962    /*
963     * Initialize the VM.
964     *
965     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
966     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
967     * JNI calls.
968     */
969    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
970        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
971        return -1;
972    }
973
974    return 0;
975}
976
977char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
978{
979    char* result = strdup(className);
980    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
981        if (*cp == '.') {
982            *cp = '/';
983        }
984    }
985    return result;
986}
987
988/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
989jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
990    if (!bytes) return NULL;
991    int length = strlen(bytes);
992    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
993    if (!buffer) return NULL;
994    jchar* chp = buffer;
995    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
996        *chp++ = *bytes++;
997    }
998    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
999}
1000
1001
1002/*
1003 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
1004 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
1005 * named by "className".
1006 *
1007 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
1008 * options string.
1009 */
1010void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
1011{
1012    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
1013            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
1014
1015    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
1016
1017    /*
1018     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
1019     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
1020     */
1021    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1022        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
1023           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1024           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1025           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1026        }
1027    }
1028
1029    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1030    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1031        rootDir = "/system";
1032        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1033            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1034            return;
1035        }
1036        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1037    }
1038
1039    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1040    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1041
1042    /* start the virtual machine */
1043    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1044    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1045    JNIEnv* env;
1046    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1047        return;
1048    }
1049    onVmCreated(env);
1050
1051    /*
1052     * Register android functions.
1053     */
1054    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1055        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1056        return;
1057    }
1058
1059    /*
1060     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1061     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1062     * Create an array to hold them.
1063     */
1064    jclass stringClass;
1065    jobjectArray strArray;
1066    jstring classNameStr;
1067
1068    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1069    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1070    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1071    assert(strArray != NULL);
1072    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1073    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1074    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1075
1076    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1077        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1078        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1079        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1080    }
1081
1082    /*
1083     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1084     * not return until the VM exits.
1085     */
1086    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className);
1087    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1088    if (startClass == NULL) {
1089        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1090        /* keep going */
1091    } else {
1092        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1093            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1094        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1095            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1096            /* keep going */
1097        } else {
1098            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1099
1100#if 0
1101            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1102                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1103#endif
1104        }
1105    }
1106    free(slashClassName);
1107
1108    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1109    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1110        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1111    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1112        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1113}
1114
1115void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1116{
1117    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1118        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1119        ::_exit(code);
1120    } else {
1121        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1122        onExit(code);
1123        ::exit(code);
1124    }
1125}
1126
1127void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1128{
1129    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1130}
1131
1132/*
1133 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1134 *
1135 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1136 */
1137/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1138{
1139    JNIEnv* env;
1140    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1141    assert(vm != NULL);
1142
1143    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1144        return NULL;
1145    return env;
1146}
1147
1148/*
1149 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1150 *
1151 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1152 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1153 */
1154static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1155{
1156    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1157    JavaVM* vm;
1158    jint result;
1159
1160    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1161    assert(vm != NULL);
1162
1163    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1164    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1165    args.group = NULL;
1166
1167    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1168    if (result != JNI_OK)
1169        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1170
1171    return result;
1172}
1173
1174/*
1175 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1176 */
1177static int javaDetachThread(void)
1178{
1179    JavaVM* vm;
1180    jint result;
1181
1182    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1183    assert(vm != NULL);
1184
1185    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1186    if (result != JNI_OK)
1187        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1188    return result;
1189}
1190
1191/*
1192 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1193 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1194 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1195 */
1196/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1197    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1198    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1199    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1200    free(args);
1201    JNIEnv* env;
1202    int result;
1203
1204    /* hook us into the VM */
1205    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1206        return -1;
1207
1208    /* start the thread running */
1209    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1210
1211    /* unhook us */
1212    javaDetachThread();
1213    free(name);
1214
1215    return result;
1216}
1217
1218/*
1219 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1220 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1221 *
1222 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1223 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1224 */
1225/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1226                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1227                                void* userData,
1228                                const char* threadName,
1229                                int32_t threadPriority,
1230                                size_t threadStackSize,
1231                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1232{
1233    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1234    int result;
1235
1236    if (!threadName)
1237        threadName = "unnamed thread";
1238
1239    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1240    args[1] = userData;
1241    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1242
1243    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1244        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1245    return result;
1246}
1247
1248/*
1249 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1250 *
1251 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1252 */
1253/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1254    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1255{
1256    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1257    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1258        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1259    return threadId;
1260}
1261
1262#if 0
1263static void quickTest(void* arg)
1264{
1265    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1266
1267    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1268}
1269#endif
1270
1271#ifdef NDEBUG
1272    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1273    struct RegJNIRec {
1274        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1275    };
1276#else
1277    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1278    struct RegJNIRec {
1279        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1280        const char* mName;
1281    };
1282#endif
1283
1284typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1285
1286static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1287{
1288    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1289        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1290#ifndef NDEBUG
1291            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1292#endif
1293            return -1;
1294        }
1295    }
1296    return 0;
1297}
1298
1299static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1300    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1301    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1302    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1303    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1304    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1305    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1306    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1307    REG_JNI(register_android_emoji_EmojiFactory),
1308    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1309    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1310    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidBidi),
1311    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1312    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1313    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1314    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1315    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1316    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1317    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1318    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1319    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1320    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1321    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1322    REG_JNI(register_android_view_GraphicBuffer),
1323    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1324    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1325    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1326    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1327    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1328    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1329    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1330    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1331    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1332    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1333    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1334    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1342    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1343
1344    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1351    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1352    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1353    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer),
1356    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1360    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1361    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1362    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1365    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PorterDuff),
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Rasterizer),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Xfermode),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1375    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1376
1377    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1378    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1379    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1380    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1381    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_net_TrafficStats),
1390    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1391    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1392    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1396    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1398    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Radio),
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1400    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1402    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1407    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1408    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1409    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1412
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1414    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1415    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1416    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1417    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1420    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1422    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1423    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1424    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1425    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1426    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1427    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1428    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1429    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1430    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1431
1432    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1433    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1434
1435    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1436    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1437    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1438};
1439
1440/*
1441 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1442 */
1443/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1444{
1445    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1446    /*
1447     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1448     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1449     * Attach calls.)
1450     */
1451    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1452
1453    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1454
1455    /*
1456     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1457     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1458     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1459     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1460     */
1461    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1462
1463    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1464        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1465        return -1;
1466    }
1467    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1468
1469    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1470
1471    return 0;
1472}
1473
1474AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1475{
1476    return gCurRuntime;
1477}
1478
1479/**
1480 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1481 * the framework.
1482 */
1483extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1484    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1485}
1486}   // namespace android
1487