AndroidRuntime.cpp revision c0f494403873435d463c4817066f9c68d57310a7 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19#define LOG_NDEBUG 1
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22
23#include <android-base/properties.h>
24#include <binder/IBinder.h>
25#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
26#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
27#include <utils/Log.h>
28#include <utils/misc.h>
29#include <utils/Trace.h>
30#include <binder/Parcel.h>
31#include <utils/threads.h>
32#include <cutils/properties.h>
33
34#include <SkGraphics.h>
35
36#include "jni.h"
37#include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
38#include <nativehelper/JniInvocation.h>
39#include "android_util_Binder.h"
40
41#include <stdio.h>
42#include <signal.h>
43#include <sys/stat.h>
44#include <sys/types.h>
45#include <signal.h>
46#include <dirent.h>
47#include <assert.h>
48
49#include <string>
50#include <vector>
51
52using namespace android;
53using android::base::GetProperty;
54
55extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
57extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
60extern int register_android_graphics_ByteBufferStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_ImageDecoder(JNIEnv*);
66extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedImageDrawable(JNIEnv*);
67extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
68extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
70extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
71extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
72extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
73extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
75
76extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
83extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
84extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
85extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
86extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
87extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
88extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32(JNIEnv* env);
89
90extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_HardwareBuffer(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
97extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
98extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
99extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
100extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
101extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
103
104extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
105extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
106extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
107extern int register_android_media_MicrophoneInfo(JNIEnv *env);
108extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
109extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
110
111namespace android {
112
113/*
114 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
115 * namespace android.
116 */
117extern int register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_util_StatsLog(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
122extern int register_android_util_MemoryIntArray(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_util_PathParser(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
126extern int register_android_content_res_ApkAssets(JNIEnv* env);
127extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
131extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
132extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
137extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
147extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
150extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
153extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
155extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
157extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
158extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
159extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
160extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
161extern int register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment(JNIEnv* env);
162extern int register_android_os_HidlSupport(JNIEnv* env);
163extern int register_android_os_HwBinder(JNIEnv *env);
164extern int register_android_os_HwBlob(JNIEnv *env);
165extern int register_android_os_HwParcel(JNIEnv *env);
166extern int register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder(JNIEnv *env);
167extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
168extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
169extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
170extern int register_android_os_VintfObject(JNIEnv *env);
171extern int register_android_os_VintfRuntimeInfo(JNIEnv *env);
172extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
173extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
174extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
175extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
176extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
177extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
178extern int register_android_os_SharedMemory(JNIEnv* env);
179extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
180extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
181extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
182extern int register_android_text_Hyphenator(JNIEnv *env);
183extern int register_android_text_MeasuredParagraph(JNIEnv* env);
184extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
185extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
186extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
187extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
188extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
189extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
190extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
191extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
192extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
193extern int register_android_app_Activity(JNIEnv *env);
194extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
195extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
196extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
197extern int register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile(JNIEnv* env);
198extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
199extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
200extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
201extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
202extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
203extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
204extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
205extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
206extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
207extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
208extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
209extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
210extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
211extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
212extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
213extern int register_com_android_internal_os_ClassLoaderFactory(JNIEnv* env);
214extern int register_com_android_internal_os_FuseAppLoop(JNIEnv* env);
215extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
216extern int register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit(JNIEnv *env);
217extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
218
219static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
220
221/*
222 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
223 */
224static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
225{
226    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
227}
228
229static void com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
230{
231    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
232}
233
234static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
235        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
236{
237    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
238}
239
240/*
241 * JNI registration.
242 */
243
244int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
245{
246    const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
247        { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
248            (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
249        { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
250            (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
251    };
252    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
253        methods, NELEM(methods));
254}
255
256int register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env)
257{
258    const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
259        { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
260            (void*) com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit },
261    };
262    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit",
263        methods, NELEM(methods));
264}
265
266// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
267
268/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
269
270AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
271        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
272        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
273        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
274{
275    SkGraphics::Init();
276
277    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
278    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
279
280    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
281    gCurRuntime = this;
282}
283
284AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
285{
286}
287
288/*
289 * Register native methods using JNI.
290 */
291/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
292    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
293{
294    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
295}
296
297void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0, bool setProcName) {
298    if (setProcName) {
299        int len = strlen(argv0);
300        if (len < 15) {
301            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0);
302        } else {
303            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0 + len - 15);
304        }
305    }
306    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
307    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
308}
309
310status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
311    const Vector<String8>& args)
312{
313    JNIEnv* env;
314    jmethodID methodId;
315
316    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
317
318    env = getJNIEnv();
319    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
320        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
321    }
322
323    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
324    if (methodId == NULL) {
325        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
326        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
327    }
328
329    /*
330     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
331     * Create an array and populate it.
332     */
333    jclass stringClass;
334    jobjectArray strArray;
335
336    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
337    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
338    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
339
340    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
341        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
342        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
343    }
344
345    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
346    return NO_ERROR;
347}
348
349/*
350 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
351 */
352static void runtime_exit(int code)
353{
354    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
355}
356
357/*
358 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
359 *
360 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
361 */
362static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
363{
364    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
365}
366
367/**
368 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
369 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
370 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
371 *
372 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
373 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
374 * into us)
375 */
376static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
377    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
378    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
379}
380
381static int hasDir(const char* dir)
382{
383    struct stat s;
384    int res = stat(dir, &s);
385    if (res == 0) {
386        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
387    }
388    return 0;
389}
390
391static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
392    struct stat s;
393    int res = stat(file, &s);
394    if (res == 0) {
395        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
396    }
397    return false;
398}
399
400/*
401 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
402 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
403 *
404 * (1) persist.sys.locale
405 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
406 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
407 * (3) ro.product.locale
408 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
409 *
410 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
411 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
412 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
413 */
414const std::string readLocale()
415{
416    const std::string locale = GetProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
417    if (!locale.empty()) {
418        return locale;
419    }
420
421    const std::string language = GetProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
422    if (!language.empty()) {
423        const std::string country = GetProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
424        const std::string variant = GetProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
425
426        std::string out = language;
427        if (!country.empty()) {
428            out = out + "-" + country;
429        }
430
431        if (!variant.empty()) {
432            out = out + "-" + variant;
433        }
434
435        return out;
436    }
437
438    const std::string productLocale = GetProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
439    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
440        return productLocale;
441    }
442
443    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
444    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
445    const std::string productLanguage = GetProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
446    const std::string productRegion = GetProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
447
448    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
449}
450
451void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
452{
453    JavaVMOption opt;
454    opt.optionString = optionString;
455    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
456    mOptions.add(opt);
457}
458
459/*
460 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
461 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
462 *
463 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
464 *
465 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
466 *
467 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
468 */
469void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
470{
471    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
472    char* end = NULL;
473    while (*start != '\0') {
474        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
475            start++;
476        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
477            break;
478
479        end = start+1;
480        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
481            end++;
482        if (*end == ' ')
483            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
484
485        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
486            addOption(quotingArg);
487        }
488        addOption(start);
489        start = end;
490    }
491}
492
493/*
494 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
495 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
496 * as "-Xmx32m".
497 *
498 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
499 *
500 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
501 *
502 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
503 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
504 */
505bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
506                                        char* buffer,
507                                        const char* runtimeArg,
508                                        const char* defaultArg)
509{
510    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
511    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
512    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
513    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
514        return false;
515    }
516    addOption(buffer);
517    return true;
518}
519
520/*
521 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
522 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
523 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=assume-verified".
524 *
525 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
526 *
527 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
528 *
529 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
530 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
531 */
532bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
533                                         char* buffer,
534                                         const char* compilerArg,
535                                         const char* quotingArg)
536{
537    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
538    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
539    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
540    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
541        return false;
542    }
543    addOption(quotingArg);
544    addOption(buffer);
545    return true;
546}
547
548/*
549 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
550 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
551 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
552 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
553 *
554 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
555 *
556 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
557 *
558 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
559 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
560 */
561bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
562                                                char* buffer,
563                                                const char* runtimeArg,
564                                                const char* quotingArg)
565{
566    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
567    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
568    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
569    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
570        return false;
571    }
572    addOption(quotingArg);
573    addOption("--runtime-arg");
574    addOption(quotingArg);
575    addOption(buffer);
576    return true;
577}
578
579/*
580 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
581 *
582 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
583 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
584 *
585 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
586 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
587 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
588 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
589 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
590 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
591 * and thus introduce a bug.
592 *
593 * Returns 0 on success.
594 */
595int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
596{
597    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
598    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
599    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
600    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
601    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
602    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
603    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
604    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
605    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
606    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
607    char jitmaxsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitmaxsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
608    char jitinitialsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitinitialsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
609    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
610    char useJitProfilesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
611    char jitprithreadweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjitprithreadweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char jittransitionweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjittransitionweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char hotstartupsamplesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xps-hot-startup-method-samples:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char madviseRandomOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:MadviseRandomAccess:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
617    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char foregroundHeapGrowthMultiplierOptsBuf[
619            sizeof("-XX:ForegroundHeapGrowthMultiplier=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
624    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
625    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
626    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
627    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
628    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
629    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
630    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
631    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
632    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
633    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
634    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
635    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
636    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
637    enum {
638      kEMDefault,
639      kEMIntPortable,
640      kEMIntFast,
641      kEMJitCompiler,
642    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
643    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
644    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
645    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
646    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
647    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
648    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
649    std::string fingerprintBuf;
650    char jdwpProviderBuf[sizeof("-XjdwpProvider:") - 1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
651
652    bool checkJni = false;
653    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
654    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
655        checkJni = true;
656    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
657        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
658        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
659        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
660            checkJni = true;
661        }
662    }
663    ALOGV("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
664    if (checkJni) {
665        /* extended JNI checking */
666        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
667
668        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
669        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
670    }
671
672    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
673    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
674        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
675    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
676        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
677    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
678        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
679    }
680
681    // If dalvik.vm.stack-trace-dir is set, it enables the "new" stack trace
682    // dump scheme and a new file is created for each stack dump. If it isn't set,
683    // the old scheme is enabled.
684    property_get("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-dir", propBuf, "");
685    if (strlen(propBuf) > 0) {
686        addOption("-Xusetombstonedtraces");
687    } else {
688        parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
689    }
690
691    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
692    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
693        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
694    }
695
696    /* route exit() to our handler */
697    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
698
699    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
700    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
701
702    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
703    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
704
705    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
706    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
707    addOption("-verbose:gc");
708    //addOption("-verbose:class");
709
710    /*
711     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
712     * values should be specified in a product property override.
713     */
714    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
715    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
716
717    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
718    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
719    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
720    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
721                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
722                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
723
724    /* Foreground heap growth multiplier option */
725    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.foreground-heap-growth-multiplier",
726                       foregroundHeapGrowthMultiplierOptsBuf,
727                       "-XX:ForegroundHeapGrowthMultiplier=");
728
729    /*
730     * JIT related options.
731     */
732    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
733    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitmaxsize", jitmaxsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitmaxsize:");
734    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitinitialsize", jitinitialsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitinitialsize:");
735    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
736    property_get("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "");
737    if (strcmp(useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "true") == 0) {
738        addOption("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo");
739    }
740
741    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitprithreadweight",
742                       jitprithreadweightOptBuf,
743                       "-Xjitprithreadweight:");
744
745    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jittransitionweight",
746                       jittransitionweightOptBuf,
747                       "-Xjittransitionweight:");
748
749    /*
750     * Madvise related options.
751     */
752    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.madvise-random", madviseRandomOptsBuf, "-XX:MadviseRandomAccess:");
753
754    /*
755     * Profile related options.
756     */
757    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.hot-startup-method-samples", hotstartupsamplesOptsBuf,
758            "-Xps-hot-startup-method-samples:");
759
760    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
761    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
762      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
763    }
764
765    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
766    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
767
768    /*
769     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
770     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
771     */
772    if (zygote) {
773      addOption("-XjdwpOptions:suspend=n,server=y");
774    }
775
776    // Set the JDWP provider. By default let the runtime choose.
777    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jdwp-provider",
778                       jdwpProviderBuf,
779                       "-XjdwpProvider:",
780                       "default");
781
782    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
783                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
784                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
785
786    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
787        addOption("-Xint:portable");
788    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
789        addOption("-Xint:fast");
790    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
791        addOption("-Xint:jit");
792    }
793
794    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
795    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
796    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
797                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
798
799    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
800    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
801                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
802    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
803                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
804    if (skip_compilation) {
805        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
806        addOption("--compiler-filter=assume-verified");
807    } else {
808        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
809                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
810    }
811
812    // If there is a boot profile, it takes precedence over the image and preloaded classes.
813    if (hasFile("/system/etc/boot-image.prof")) {
814        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
815        addOption("--profile-file=/system/etc/boot-image.prof");
816        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
817        addOption("--compiler-filter=speed-profile");
818    } else {
819        // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
820        if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
821            ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
822                  strerror(errno));
823            return -1;
824        }
825        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
826        addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
827
828        // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
829        if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
830            addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
831            addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
832        }
833
834        // If there is a dirty-image-objects file, push it.
835        if (hasFile("/system/etc/dirty-image-objects")) {
836            addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
837            addOption("--dirty-image-objects=/system/etc/dirty-image-objects");
838        }
839    }
840
841    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
842    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
843
844    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
845    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
846                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
847    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
848                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
849    if (skip_compilation) {
850        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
851        addOption("--compiler-filter=assume-verified");
852
853        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
854        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
855        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
856        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
857        // directly instead.
858        addOption("--runtime-arg");
859        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
860    } else {
861        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
862                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
863    }
864    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
865    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
866                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
867
868    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
869    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
870    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
871#if defined(__arm__)
872    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
873#elif defined(__aarch64__)
874    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
875#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
876    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
877#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
878    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
879#elif defined(__i386__)
880    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
881#elif defined(__x86_64__)
882    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
883#else
884    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
885#endif
886    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
887    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
888    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
889
890    // Copy the variant.
891    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
892    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
893                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
894    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
895                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
896    // Copy the features.
897    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
898    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
899                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
900    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
901                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
902
903
904    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
905    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
906
907    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
908    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
909    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
910
911    /* Set the properties for locale */
912    {
913        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
914        const std::string locale = readLocale();
915        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
916        addOption(localeOption);
917    }
918
919    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
920    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
921    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
922        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
923        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
924            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
925            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
926                               methodTraceFileBuf,
927                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
928            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
929                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
930                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
931            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
932            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
933                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
934            }
935        }
936    }
937
938    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
939    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
940    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
941        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
942    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
943        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
944                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
945        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
946    }
947
948#if defined(__LP64__)
949    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
950#else
951    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
952#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
953    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
954    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
955        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
956        return -1;
957    }
958    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
959    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
960
961    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
962    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
963                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
964
965    /*
966     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
967     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
968     * will include native debugging information.
969     */
970    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
971    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
972        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
973        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
974        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
975        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
976    }
977
978    /*
979     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
980     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
981     * Fingerprints are potentially longer than PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX, so parseRuntimeOption() cannot
982     * be used here.
983     * Do not ever re-assign fingerprintBuf as its c_str() value is stored in mOptions.
984     */
985    std::string fingerprint = GetProperty("ro.build.fingerprint", "");
986    if (!fingerprint.empty()) {
987        fingerprintBuf = "-Xfingerprint:" + fingerprint;
988        addOption(fingerprintBuf.c_str());
989    }
990
991    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
992    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
993    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
994    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
995
996    /*
997     * Initialize the VM.
998     *
999     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
1000     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
1001     * JNI calls.
1002     */
1003    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
1004        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
1005        return -1;
1006    }
1007
1008    return 0;
1009}
1010
1011char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
1012{
1013    char* result = strdup(className);
1014    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
1015        if (*cp == '.') {
1016            *cp = '/';
1017        }
1018    }
1019    return result;
1020}
1021
1022/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
1023jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
1024    if (!bytes) return NULL;
1025    int length = strlen(bytes);
1026    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
1027    if (!buffer) return NULL;
1028    jchar* chp = buffer;
1029    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
1030        *chp++ = *bytes++;
1031    }
1032    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
1033}
1034
1035
1036/*
1037 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
1038 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
1039 * named by "className".
1040 *
1041 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
1042 * options string.
1043 */
1044void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
1045{
1046    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
1047            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
1048
1049    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
1050
1051    /*
1052     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
1053     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
1054     */
1055    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1056        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
1057           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1058           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1059           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1060        }
1061    }
1062
1063    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1064    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1065        rootDir = "/system";
1066        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1067            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1068            return;
1069        }
1070        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1071    }
1072
1073    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1074    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1075
1076    /* start the virtual machine */
1077    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1078    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1079    JNIEnv* env;
1080    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1081        return;
1082    }
1083    onVmCreated(env);
1084
1085    /*
1086     * Register android functions.
1087     */
1088    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1089        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1090        return;
1091    }
1092
1093    /*
1094     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1095     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1096     * Create an array to hold them.
1097     */
1098    jclass stringClass;
1099    jobjectArray strArray;
1100    jstring classNameStr;
1101
1102    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1103    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1104    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1105    assert(strArray != NULL);
1106    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1107    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1108    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1109
1110    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1111        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1112        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1113        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1114    }
1115
1116    /*
1117     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1118     * not return until the VM exits.
1119     */
1120    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className != NULL ? className : "");
1121    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1122    if (startClass == NULL) {
1123        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1124        /* keep going */
1125    } else {
1126        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1127            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1128        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1129            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1130            /* keep going */
1131        } else {
1132            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1133
1134#if 0
1135            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1136                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1137#endif
1138        }
1139    }
1140    free(slashClassName);
1141
1142    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1143    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1144        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1145    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1146        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1147}
1148
1149void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1150{
1151    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1152        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1153        ::_exit(code);
1154    } else {
1155        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1156        onExit(code);
1157        ::exit(code);
1158    }
1159}
1160
1161void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1162{
1163    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1164}
1165
1166/*
1167 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1168 *
1169 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1170 */
1171/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1172{
1173    JNIEnv* env;
1174    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1175    assert(vm != NULL);
1176
1177    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1178        return NULL;
1179    return env;
1180}
1181
1182/*
1183 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1184 *
1185 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1186 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1187 */
1188static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1189{
1190    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1191    JavaVM* vm;
1192    jint result;
1193
1194    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1195    assert(vm != NULL);
1196
1197    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1198    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1199    args.group = NULL;
1200
1201    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1202    if (result != JNI_OK)
1203        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1204
1205    return result;
1206}
1207
1208/*
1209 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1210 */
1211static int javaDetachThread(void)
1212{
1213    JavaVM* vm;
1214    jint result;
1215
1216    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1217    assert(vm != NULL);
1218
1219    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1220    if (result != JNI_OK)
1221        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1222    return result;
1223}
1224
1225/*
1226 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1227 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1228 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1229 */
1230/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1231    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1232    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1233    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1234    free(args);
1235    JNIEnv* env;
1236    int result;
1237
1238    /* hook us into the VM */
1239    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1240        return -1;
1241
1242    /* start the thread running */
1243    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1244
1245    /* unhook us */
1246    javaDetachThread();
1247    free(name);
1248
1249    return result;
1250}
1251
1252/*
1253 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1254 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1255 *
1256 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1257 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1258 */
1259/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1260                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1261                                void* userData,
1262                                const char* threadName,
1263                                int32_t threadPriority,
1264                                size_t threadStackSize,
1265                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1266{
1267    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1268    int result;
1269
1270    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadName == nullptr, "threadName not provided to javaCreateThreadEtc");
1271
1272    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1273    args[1] = userData;
1274    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1275
1276    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1277        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1278    return result;
1279}
1280
1281/*
1282 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1283 *
1284 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1285 */
1286/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1287    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1288{
1289    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1290    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1291        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1292    return threadId;
1293}
1294
1295#if 0
1296static void quickTest(void* arg)
1297{
1298    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1299
1300    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1301}
1302#endif
1303
1304#ifdef NDEBUG
1305    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1306    struct RegJNIRec {
1307        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1308    };
1309#else
1310    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1311    struct RegJNIRec {
1312        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1313        const char* mName;
1314    };
1315#endif
1316
1317typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1318
1319static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1320{
1321    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1322        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1323#ifndef NDEBUG
1324            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1325#endif
1326            return -1;
1327        }
1328    }
1329    return 0;
1330}
1331
1332static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1333    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1334    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit_nativeZygoteInit),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_util_MemoryIntArray),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_util_PathParser),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_util_StatsLog),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog),
1342    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1343    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1344    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ApkAssets),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_text_Hyphenator),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_text_MeasuredParagraph),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1351    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1352    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1353    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1356    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HidlSupport),
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBinder),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBlob),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwParcel),
1360    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder),
1361    REG_JNI(register_android_os_VintfObject),
1362    REG_JNI(register_android_os_VintfRuntimeInfo),
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1365    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1375    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1376    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1377    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1378    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1379    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1380    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1381    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32),
1390
1391    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1392    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ByteBufferStreamAdaptor),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1396    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1398    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1400    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_GraphicBuffer),
1402    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ImageDecoder),
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedImageDrawable),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1407    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1408    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1409    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1412    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1414    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1415    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1416    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1417    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable),
1420    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable),
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1422    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1423    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1424
1425    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1426    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1427    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1428    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1429    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1430    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1431    REG_JNI(register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment),
1432    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1433    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1434    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1435    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1436    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1437    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1438    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1439    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SharedMemory),
1440    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ClassLoaderFactory),
1441    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1442    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_ZygoteInit),
1443    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1444    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1445    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1446    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1447    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1448    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1449    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_HardwareBuffer),
1450    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1451    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1452    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1453    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1454    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1455    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1456    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1457    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1458    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1459    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1460    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1461    REG_JNI(register_android_media_MicrophoneInfo),
1462    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1463    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1464
1465    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1466    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1467    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1468    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1469    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1470    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1471    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1472    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1473    REG_JNI(register_android_app_Activity),
1474    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1475    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1476    REG_JNI(register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile),
1477    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1478    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1479    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1480    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1481    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1482    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1483    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1484    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1485
1486    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1487    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1488
1489    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1490    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1491    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1492    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_FuseAppLoop),
1493};
1494
1495/*
1496 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1497 */
1498/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1499{
1500    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1501    /*
1502     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1503     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1504     * Attach calls.)
1505     */
1506    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1507
1508    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1509
1510    /*
1511     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1512     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1513     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1514     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1515     */
1516    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1517
1518    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1519        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1520        return -1;
1521    }
1522    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1523
1524    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1525
1526    return 0;
1527}
1528
1529AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1530{
1531    return gCurRuntime;
1532}
1533
1534/**
1535 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1536 * the framework.
1537 */
1538extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1539    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1540}
1541}   // namespace android
1542