11da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds/* Driver for USB Mass Storage compliant devices 21da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Debugging Functions Source Code File 31da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 41da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Current development and maintenance by: 51da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * (c) 1999-2002 Matthew Dharm (mdharm-usb@one-eyed-alien.net) 61da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 71da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Developed with the assistance of: 81da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * (c) 2002 Alan Stern <stern@rowland.org> 91da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 101da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Initial work by: 111da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * (c) 1999 Michael Gee (michael@linuxspecific.com) 121da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 131da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * This driver is based on the 'USB Mass Storage Class' document. This 141da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * describes in detail the protocol used to communicate with such 151da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * devices. Clearly, the designers had SCSI and ATAPI commands in 161da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * mind when they created this document. The commands are all very 171da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * similar to commands in the SCSI-II and ATAPI specifications. 181da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 191da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * It is important to note that in a number of cases this class 201da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * exhibits class-specific exemptions from the USB specification. 211da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Notably the usage of NAK, STALL and ACK differs from the norm, in 221da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * that they are used to communicate wait, failed and OK on commands. 231da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 241da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Also, for certain devices, the interrupt endpoint is used to convey 251da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * status of a command. 261da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 271da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Please see http://www.one-eyed-alien.net/~mdharm/linux-usb for more 281da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * information about this driver. 291da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 301da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 311da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the 321da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any 331da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * later version. 341da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 351da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but 361da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 371da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU 381da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * General Public License for more details. 391da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 401da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 411da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 421da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds * 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 431da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds */ 441da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 451da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds#include <linux/cdrom.h> 461da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds#include <scsi/scsi.h> 471da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds#include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h> 48e2e66446e08a7a365a59e25bbc8dd320ab3da0a6Matthew Dharm#include <scsi/scsi_dbg.h> 491da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 501da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds#include "debug.h" 511da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds#include "scsi.h" 521da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 531da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 541da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvaldsvoid usb_stor_show_command(struct scsi_cmnd *srb) 551da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds{ 561da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds char *what = NULL; 571da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds int i; 581da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 591da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds switch (srb->cmnd[0]) { 601da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case TEST_UNIT_READY: what = "TEST_UNIT_READY"; break; 611da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case REZERO_UNIT: what = "REZERO_UNIT"; break; 621da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case REQUEST_SENSE: what = "REQUEST_SENSE"; break; 631da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case FORMAT_UNIT: what = "FORMAT_UNIT"; break; 641da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_BLOCK_LIMITS: what = "READ_BLOCK_LIMITS"; break; 651da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case REASSIGN_BLOCKS: what = "REASSIGN_BLOCKS"; break; 661da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_6: what = "READ_6"; break; 671da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_6: what = "WRITE_6"; break; 681da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEEK_6: what = "SEEK_6"; break; 691da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_REVERSE: what = "READ_REVERSE"; break; 701da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_FILEMARKS: what = "WRITE_FILEMARKS"; break; 711da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SPACE: what = "SPACE"; break; 721da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case INQUIRY: what = "INQUIRY"; break; 731da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case RECOVER_BUFFERED_DATA: what = "RECOVER_BUFFERED_DATA"; break; 741da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case MODE_SELECT: what = "MODE_SELECT"; break; 751da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case RESERVE: what = "RESERVE"; break; 761da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case RELEASE: what = "RELEASE"; break; 771da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case COPY: what = "COPY"; break; 781da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case ERASE: what = "ERASE"; break; 791da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case MODE_SENSE: what = "MODE_SENSE"; break; 801da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case START_STOP: what = "START_STOP"; break; 811da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case RECEIVE_DIAGNOSTIC: what = "RECEIVE_DIAGNOSTIC"; break; 821da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEND_DIAGNOSTIC: what = "SEND_DIAGNOSTIC"; break; 831da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL: what = "ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL"; break; 841da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SET_WINDOW: what = "SET_WINDOW"; break; 851da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_CAPACITY: what = "READ_CAPACITY"; break; 861da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_10: what = "READ_10"; break; 871da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_10: what = "WRITE_10"; break; 881da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEEK_10: what = "SEEK_10"; break; 891da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_VERIFY: what = "WRITE_VERIFY"; break; 901da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case VERIFY: what = "VERIFY"; break; 911da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEARCH_HIGH: what = "SEARCH_HIGH"; break; 921da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEARCH_EQUAL: what = "SEARCH_EQUAL"; break; 931da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEARCH_LOW: what = "SEARCH_LOW"; break; 941da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SET_LIMITS: what = "SET_LIMITS"; break; 951da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_POSITION: what = "READ_POSITION"; break; 961da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE: what = "SYNCHRONIZE_CACHE"; break; 971da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case LOCK_UNLOCK_CACHE: what = "LOCK_UNLOCK_CACHE"; break; 981da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_DEFECT_DATA: what = "READ_DEFECT_DATA"; break; 991da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case MEDIUM_SCAN: what = "MEDIUM_SCAN"; break; 1001da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case COMPARE: what = "COMPARE"; break; 1011da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case COPY_VERIFY: what = "COPY_VERIFY"; break; 1021da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_BUFFER: what = "WRITE_BUFFER"; break; 1031da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_BUFFER: what = "READ_BUFFER"; break; 1041da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case UPDATE_BLOCK: what = "UPDATE_BLOCK"; break; 1051da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_LONG: what = "READ_LONG"; break; 1061da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_LONG: what = "WRITE_LONG"; break; 1071da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case CHANGE_DEFINITION: what = "CHANGE_DEFINITION"; break; 1081da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_SAME: what = "WRITE_SAME"; break; 1091da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_READ_SUBCHANNEL: what = "READ SUBCHANNEL"; break; 1101da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_TOC: what = "READ_TOC"; break; 1111da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_READ_HEADER: what = "READ HEADER"; break; 1121da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_PLAY_AUDIO_10: what = "PLAY AUDIO (10)"; break; 1131da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_PLAY_AUDIO_MSF: what = "PLAY AUDIO MSF"; break; 1141da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_GET_EVENT_STATUS_NOTIFICATION: 1151da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds what = "GET EVENT/STATUS NOTIFICATION"; break; 1161da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_PAUSE_RESUME: what = "PAUSE/RESUME"; break; 1171da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case LOG_SELECT: what = "LOG_SELECT"; break; 1181da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case LOG_SENSE: what = "LOG_SENSE"; break; 1191da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_STOP_PLAY_SCAN: what = "STOP PLAY/SCAN"; break; 1201da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_READ_DISC_INFO: what = "READ DISC INFORMATION"; break; 1211da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_READ_TRACK_RZONE_INFO: 1221da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds what = "READ TRACK INFORMATION"; break; 1231da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_RESERVE_RZONE_TRACK: what = "RESERVE TRACK"; break; 1241da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_SEND_OPC: what = "SEND OPC"; break; 1251da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case MODE_SELECT_10: what = "MODE_SELECT_10"; break; 1261da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_REPAIR_RZONE_TRACK: what = "REPAIR TRACK"; break; 1271da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case 0x59: what = "READ MASTER CUE"; break; 1281da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case MODE_SENSE_10: what = "MODE_SENSE_10"; break; 1291da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_CLOSE_TRACK: what = "CLOSE TRACK/SESSION"; break; 1301da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case 0x5C: what = "READ BUFFER CAPACITY"; break; 1311da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case 0x5D: what = "SEND CUE SHEET"; break; 1321da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_BLANK: what = "BLANK"; break; 1333717f2952bd0aab30fe2a6af80657abbeb065461Paul Walmsley case REPORT_LUNS: what = "REPORT LUNS"; break; 1341da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case MOVE_MEDIUM: what = "MOVE_MEDIUM or PLAY AUDIO (12)"; break; 1351da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_12: what = "READ_12"; break; 1361da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_12: what = "WRITE_12"; break; 1371da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_VERIFY_12: what = "WRITE_VERIFY_12"; break; 1381da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEARCH_HIGH_12: what = "SEARCH_HIGH_12"; break; 1391da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEARCH_EQUAL_12: what = "SEARCH_EQUAL_12"; break; 1401da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEARCH_LOW_12: what = "SEARCH_LOW_12"; break; 1411da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case SEND_VOLUME_TAG: what = "SEND_VOLUME_TAG"; break; 1421da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case READ_ELEMENT_STATUS: what = "READ_ELEMENT_STATUS"; break; 1431da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_READ_CD_MSF: what = "READ CD MSF"; break; 1441da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_SCAN: what = "SCAN"; break; 1451da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_SET_SPEED: what = "SET CD SPEED"; break; 1461da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_MECHANISM_STATUS: what = "MECHANISM STATUS"; break; 1471da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case GPCMD_READ_CD: what = "READ CD"; break; 1481da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case 0xE1: what = "WRITE CONTINUE"; break; 1491da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds case WRITE_LONG_2: what = "WRITE_LONG_2"; break; 1501da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds default: what = "(unknown command)"; break; 1511da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds } 1521da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGP("Command %s (%d bytes)\n", what, srb->cmd_len); 1531da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGP(""); 1541da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds for (i = 0; i < srb->cmd_len && i < 16; i++) 1551da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGPX(" %02x", srb->cmnd[i]); 1561da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGPX("\n"); 1571da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds} 1581da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 1591da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvaldsvoid usb_stor_show_sense( 1601da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds unsigned char key, 1611da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds unsigned char asc, 1621da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds unsigned char ascq) { 1631da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 1641da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds const char *what, *keystr; 1651da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 1661da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds keystr = scsi_sense_key_string(key); 1671da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds what = scsi_extd_sense_format(asc, ascq); 1681da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 1691da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds if (keystr == NULL) 1701da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds keystr = "(Unknown Key)"; 1711da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds if (what == NULL) 1721da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds what = "(unknown ASC/ASCQ)"; 1731da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds 1741da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGP("%s: ", keystr); 1751da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGPX(what, ascq); 1761da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds US_DEBUGPX("\n"); 1771da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cacLinus Torvalds} 178