1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2008, The Android Open Source Project
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
12 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13 *    distribution.
14 *  * Neither the name of Google, Inc. nor the names of its contributors
15 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
16 *    software without specific prior written permission.
17 *
18 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
19 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
20 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
21 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
22 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
23 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
24 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
25 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
26 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
27 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
28 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * SUCH DAMAGE.
30 */
31
32#include <ctype.h>
33#include <dirent.h>
34#include <grp.h>
35#include <pwd.h>
36#include <stdio.h>
37#include <stdlib.h>
38#include <string.h>
39#include <sys/types.h>
40#include <unistd.h>
41
42#include <cutils/sched_policy.h>
43
44struct cpu_info {
45    long unsigned utime, ntime, stime, itime;
46    long unsigned iowtime, irqtime, sirqtime;
47};
48
49#define PROC_NAME_LEN 64
50#define THREAD_NAME_LEN 32
51
52struct proc_info {
53    struct proc_info *next;
54    pid_t pid;
55    pid_t tid;
56    uid_t uid;
57    gid_t gid;
58    char name[PROC_NAME_LEN];
59    char tname[THREAD_NAME_LEN];
60    char state;
61    long unsigned utime;
62    long unsigned stime;
63    long unsigned delta_utime;
64    long unsigned delta_stime;
65    long unsigned delta_time;
66    long vss;
67    long rss;
68    int num_threads;
69    char policy[32];
70};
71
72struct proc_list {
73    struct proc_info **array;
74    int size;
75};
76
77#define die(...) { fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }
78
79#define INIT_PROCS 50
80#define THREAD_MULT 8
81static struct proc_info **old_procs, **new_procs;
82static int num_old_procs, num_new_procs;
83static struct proc_info *free_procs;
84static int num_used_procs, num_free_procs;
85
86static int max_procs, delay, iterations, threads;
87
88static struct cpu_info old_cpu, new_cpu;
89
90static struct proc_info *alloc_proc(void);
91static void free_proc(struct proc_info *proc);
92static void read_procs(void);
93static int read_stat(char *filename, struct proc_info *proc);
94static void read_policy(int pid, struct proc_info *proc);
95static void add_proc(int proc_num, struct proc_info *proc);
96static int read_cmdline(char *filename, struct proc_info *proc);
97static int read_status(char *filename, struct proc_info *proc);
98static void print_procs(void);
99static struct proc_info *find_old_proc(pid_t pid, pid_t tid);
100static void free_old_procs(void);
101static int (*proc_cmp)(const void *a, const void *b);
102static int proc_cpu_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
103static int proc_vss_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
104static int proc_rss_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
105static int proc_thr_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
106static int numcmp(long long a, long long b);
107static void usage(char *cmd);
108
109int top_main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
110    int i;
111
112    num_used_procs = num_free_procs = 0;
113
114    max_procs = 0;
115    delay = 3;
116    iterations = -1;
117    proc_cmp = &proc_cpu_cmp;
118    for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
119        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-m")) {
120            if (i + 1 >= argc) {
121                fprintf(stderr, "Option -m expects an argument.\n");
122                usage(argv[0]);
123                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
124            }
125            max_procs = atoi(argv[++i]);
126            continue;
127        }
128        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n")) {
129            if (i + 1 >= argc) {
130                fprintf(stderr, "Option -n expects an argument.\n");
131                usage(argv[0]);
132                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
133            }
134            iterations = atoi(argv[++i]);
135            continue;
136        }
137        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-d")) {
138            if (i + 1 >= argc) {
139                fprintf(stderr, "Option -d expects an argument.\n");
140                usage(argv[0]);
141                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
142            }
143            delay = atoi(argv[++i]);
144            continue;
145        }
146        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-s")) {
147            if (i + 1 >= argc) {
148                fprintf(stderr, "Option -s expects an argument.\n");
149                usage(argv[0]);
150                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
151            }
152            ++i;
153            if (!strcmp(argv[i], "cpu")) { proc_cmp = &proc_cpu_cmp; continue; }
154            if (!strcmp(argv[i], "vss")) { proc_cmp = &proc_vss_cmp; continue; }
155            if (!strcmp(argv[i], "rss")) { proc_cmp = &proc_rss_cmp; continue; }
156            if (!strcmp(argv[i], "thr")) { proc_cmp = &proc_thr_cmp; continue; }
157            fprintf(stderr, "Invalid argument \"%s\" for option -s.\n", argv[i]);
158            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
159        }
160        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-t")) { threads = 1; continue; }
161        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-h")) {
162            usage(argv[0]);
163            exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
164        }
165        fprintf(stderr, "Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", argv[i]);
166        usage(argv[0]);
167        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
168    }
169
170    if (threads && proc_cmp == &proc_thr_cmp) {
171        fprintf(stderr, "Sorting by threads per thread makes no sense!\n");
172        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
173    }
174
175    free_procs = NULL;
176
177    num_new_procs = num_old_procs = 0;
178    new_procs = old_procs = NULL;
179
180    read_procs();
181    while ((iterations == -1) || (iterations-- > 0)) {
182        old_procs = new_procs;
183        num_old_procs = num_new_procs;
184        memcpy(&old_cpu, &new_cpu, sizeof(old_cpu));
185        sleep(delay);
186        read_procs();
187        print_procs();
188        free_old_procs();
189    }
190
191    return 0;
192}
193
194static struct proc_info *alloc_proc(void) {
195    struct proc_info *proc;
196
197    if (free_procs) {
198        proc = free_procs;
199        free_procs = free_procs->next;
200        num_free_procs--;
201    } else {
202        proc = malloc(sizeof(*proc));
203        if (!proc) die("Could not allocate struct process_info.\n");
204    }
205
206    num_used_procs++;
207
208    return proc;
209}
210
211static void free_proc(struct proc_info *proc) {
212    proc->next = free_procs;
213    free_procs = proc;
214
215    num_used_procs--;
216    num_free_procs++;
217}
218
219#define MAX_LINE 256
220
221static void read_procs(void) {
222    DIR *proc_dir, *task_dir;
223    struct dirent *pid_dir, *tid_dir;
224    char filename[64];
225    FILE *file;
226    int proc_num;
227    struct proc_info *proc;
228    pid_t pid, tid;
229
230    int i;
231
232    proc_dir = opendir("/proc");
233    if (!proc_dir) die("Could not open /proc.\n");
234
235    new_procs = calloc(INIT_PROCS * (threads ? THREAD_MULT : 1), sizeof(struct proc_info *));
236    num_new_procs = INIT_PROCS * (threads ? THREAD_MULT : 1);
237
238    file = fopen("/proc/stat", "r");
239    if (!file) die("Could not open /proc/stat.\n");
240    fscanf(file, "cpu  %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu", &new_cpu.utime, &new_cpu.ntime, &new_cpu.stime,
241            &new_cpu.itime, &new_cpu.iowtime, &new_cpu.irqtime, &new_cpu.sirqtime);
242    fclose(file);
243
244    proc_num = 0;
245    while ((pid_dir = readdir(proc_dir))) {
246        if (!isdigit(pid_dir->d_name[0]))
247            continue;
248
249        pid = atoi(pid_dir->d_name);
250
251        struct proc_info cur_proc;
252
253        if (!threads) {
254            proc = alloc_proc();
255
256            proc->pid = proc->tid = pid;
257
258            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
259            read_stat(filename, proc);
260
261            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
262            read_cmdline(filename, proc);
263
264            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/status", pid);
265            read_status(filename, proc);
266
267            read_policy(pid, proc);
268
269            proc->num_threads = 0;
270        } else {
271            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
272            read_cmdline(filename, &cur_proc);
273
274            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/status", pid);
275            read_status(filename, &cur_proc);
276
277            proc = NULL;
278        }
279
280        sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/task", pid);
281        task_dir = opendir(filename);
282        if (!task_dir) continue;
283
284        while ((tid_dir = readdir(task_dir))) {
285            if (!isdigit(tid_dir->d_name[0]))
286                continue;
287
288            if (threads) {
289                tid = atoi(tid_dir->d_name);
290
291                proc = alloc_proc();
292
293                proc->pid = pid; proc->tid = tid;
294
295                sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/task/%d/stat", pid, tid);
296                read_stat(filename, proc);
297
298                read_policy(tid, proc);
299
300                strcpy(proc->name, cur_proc.name);
301                proc->uid = cur_proc.uid;
302                proc->gid = cur_proc.gid;
303
304                add_proc(proc_num++, proc);
305            } else {
306                proc->num_threads++;
307            }
308        }
309
310        closedir(task_dir);
311
312        if (!threads)
313            add_proc(proc_num++, proc);
314    }
315
316    for (i = proc_num; i < num_new_procs; i++)
317        new_procs[i] = NULL;
318
319    closedir(proc_dir);
320}
321
322static int read_stat(char *filename, struct proc_info *proc) {
323    FILE *file;
324    char buf[MAX_LINE], *open_paren, *close_paren;
325    int res, idx;
326
327    file = fopen(filename, "r");
328    if (!file) return 1;
329    fgets(buf, MAX_LINE, file);
330    fclose(file);
331
332    /* Split at first '(' and last ')' to get process name. */
333    open_paren = strchr(buf, '(');
334    close_paren = strrchr(buf, ')');
335    if (!open_paren || !close_paren) return 1;
336
337    *open_paren = *close_paren = '\0';
338    strncpy(proc->tname, open_paren + 1, THREAD_NAME_LEN);
339    proc->tname[THREAD_NAME_LEN-1] = 0;
340
341    /* Scan rest of string. */
342    sscanf(close_paren + 1, " %c %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d "
343                 "%lu %lu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %lu %ld",
344                 &proc->state, &proc->utime, &proc->stime, &proc->vss, &proc->rss);
345
346    return 0;
347}
348
349static void add_proc(int proc_num, struct proc_info *proc) {
350    int i;
351
352    if (proc_num >= num_new_procs) {
353        new_procs = realloc(new_procs, 2 * num_new_procs * sizeof(struct proc_info *));
354        if (!new_procs) die("Could not expand procs array.\n");
355        for (i = num_new_procs; i < 2 * num_new_procs; i++)
356            new_procs[i] = NULL;
357        num_new_procs = 2 * num_new_procs;
358    }
359    new_procs[proc_num] = proc;
360}
361
362static int read_cmdline(char *filename, struct proc_info *proc) {
363    FILE *file;
364    char line[MAX_LINE];
365
366    line[0] = '\0';
367    file = fopen(filename, "r");
368    if (!file) return 1;
369    fgets(line, MAX_LINE, file);
370    fclose(file);
371    if (strlen(line) > 0) {
372        strncpy(proc->name, line, PROC_NAME_LEN);
373        proc->name[PROC_NAME_LEN-1] = 0;
374    } else
375        proc->name[0] = 0;
376    return 0;
377}
378
379static void read_policy(int pid, struct proc_info *proc) {
380    SchedPolicy p;
381    if (get_sched_policy(pid, &p) < 0)
382        strcpy(proc->policy, "unk");
383    else {
384        if (p == SP_BACKGROUND)
385            strcpy(proc->policy, "bg");
386        else if (p == SP_FOREGROUND)
387            strcpy(proc->policy, "fg");
388        else
389            strcpy(proc->policy, "er");
390    }
391}
392
393static int read_status(char *filename, struct proc_info *proc) {
394    FILE *file;
395    char line[MAX_LINE];
396    unsigned int uid, gid;
397
398    file = fopen(filename, "r");
399    if (!file) return 1;
400    while (fgets(line, MAX_LINE, file)) {
401        sscanf(line, "Uid: %u", &uid);
402        sscanf(line, "Gid: %u", &gid);
403    }
404    fclose(file);
405    proc->uid = uid; proc->gid = gid;
406    return 0;
407}
408
409static void print_procs(void) {
410    int i;
411    struct proc_info *old_proc, *proc;
412    long unsigned total_delta_time;
413    struct passwd *user;
414    struct group *group;
415    char *user_str, user_buf[20];
416    char *group_str, group_buf[20];
417
418    for (i = 0; i < num_new_procs; i++) {
419        if (new_procs[i]) {
420            old_proc = find_old_proc(new_procs[i]->pid, new_procs[i]->tid);
421            if (old_proc) {
422                new_procs[i]->delta_utime = new_procs[i]->utime - old_proc->utime;
423                new_procs[i]->delta_stime = new_procs[i]->stime - old_proc->stime;
424            } else {
425                new_procs[i]->delta_utime = 0;
426                new_procs[i]->delta_stime = 0;
427            }
428            new_procs[i]->delta_time = new_procs[i]->delta_utime + new_procs[i]->delta_stime;
429        }
430    }
431
432    total_delta_time = (new_cpu.utime + new_cpu.ntime + new_cpu.stime + new_cpu.itime
433                        + new_cpu.iowtime + new_cpu.irqtime + new_cpu.sirqtime)
434                     - (old_cpu.utime + old_cpu.ntime + old_cpu.stime + old_cpu.itime
435                        + old_cpu.iowtime + old_cpu.irqtime + old_cpu.sirqtime);
436
437    qsort(new_procs, num_new_procs, sizeof(struct proc_info *), proc_cmp);
438
439    printf("\n\n\n");
440    printf("User %ld%%, System %ld%%, IOW %ld%%, IRQ %ld%%\n",
441            ((new_cpu.utime + new_cpu.ntime) - (old_cpu.utime + old_cpu.ntime)) * 100  / total_delta_time,
442            ((new_cpu.stime ) - (old_cpu.stime)) * 100 / total_delta_time,
443            ((new_cpu.iowtime) - (old_cpu.iowtime)) * 100 / total_delta_time,
444            ((new_cpu.irqtime + new_cpu.sirqtime)
445                    - (old_cpu.irqtime + old_cpu.sirqtime)) * 100 / total_delta_time);
446    printf("User %ld + Nice %ld + Sys %ld + Idle %ld + IOW %ld + IRQ %ld + SIRQ %ld = %ld\n",
447            new_cpu.utime - old_cpu.utime,
448            new_cpu.ntime - old_cpu.ntime,
449            new_cpu.stime - old_cpu.stime,
450            new_cpu.itime - old_cpu.itime,
451            new_cpu.iowtime - old_cpu.iowtime,
452            new_cpu.irqtime - old_cpu.irqtime,
453            new_cpu.sirqtime - old_cpu.sirqtime,
454            total_delta_time);
455    printf("\n");
456    if (!threads)
457        printf("%5s %4s %1s %5s %7s %7s %3s %-8s %s\n", "PID", "CPU%", "S", "#THR", "VSS", "RSS", "PCY", "UID", "Name");
458    else
459        printf("%5s %5s %4s %1s %7s %7s %3s %-8s %-15s %s\n", "PID", "TID", "CPU%", "S", "VSS", "RSS", "PCY", "UID", "Thread", "Proc");
460
461    for (i = 0; i < num_new_procs; i++) {
462        proc = new_procs[i];
463
464        if (!proc || (max_procs && (i >= max_procs)))
465            break;
466        user  = getpwuid(proc->uid);
467        group = getgrgid(proc->gid);
468        if (user && user->pw_name) {
469            user_str = user->pw_name;
470        } else {
471            snprintf(user_buf, 20, "%d", proc->uid);
472            user_str = user_buf;
473        }
474        if (group && group->gr_name) {
475            group_str = group->gr_name;
476        } else {
477            snprintf(group_buf, 20, "%d", proc->gid);
478            group_str = group_buf;
479        }
480        if (!threads)
481            printf("%5d %3ld%% %c %5d %6ldK %6ldK %3s %-8.8s %s\n", proc->pid, proc->delta_time * 100 / total_delta_time, proc->state, proc->num_threads,
482                proc->vss / 1024, proc->rss * getpagesize() / 1024, proc->policy, user_str, proc->name[0] != 0 ? proc->name : proc->tname);
483        else
484            printf("%5d %5d %3ld%% %c %6ldK %6ldK %3s %-8.8s %-15s %s\n", proc->pid, proc->tid, proc->delta_time * 100 / total_delta_time, proc->state,
485                proc->vss / 1024, proc->rss * getpagesize() / 1024, proc->policy, user_str, proc->tname, proc->name);
486    }
487}
488
489static struct proc_info *find_old_proc(pid_t pid, pid_t tid) {
490    int i;
491
492    for (i = 0; i < num_old_procs; i++)
493        if (old_procs[i] && (old_procs[i]->pid == pid) && (old_procs[i]->tid == tid))
494            return old_procs[i];
495
496    return NULL;
497}
498
499static void free_old_procs(void) {
500    int i;
501
502    for (i = 0; i < num_old_procs; i++)
503        if (old_procs[i])
504            free_proc(old_procs[i]);
505
506    free(old_procs);
507}
508
509static int proc_cpu_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
510    struct proc_info *pa, *pb;
511
512    pa = *((struct proc_info **)a); pb = *((struct proc_info **)b);
513
514    if (!pa && !pb) return 0;
515    if (!pa) return 1;
516    if (!pb) return -1;
517
518    return -numcmp(pa->delta_time, pb->delta_time);
519}
520
521static int proc_vss_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
522    struct proc_info *pa, *pb;
523
524    pa = *((struct proc_info **)a); pb = *((struct proc_info **)b);
525
526    if (!pa && !pb) return 0;
527    if (!pa) return 1;
528    if (!pb) return -1;
529
530    return -numcmp(pa->vss, pb->vss);
531}
532
533static int proc_rss_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
534    struct proc_info *pa, *pb;
535
536    pa = *((struct proc_info **)a); pb = *((struct proc_info **)b);
537
538    if (!pa && !pb) return 0;
539    if (!pa) return 1;
540    if (!pb) return -1;
541
542    return -numcmp(pa->rss, pb->rss);
543}
544
545static int proc_thr_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
546    struct proc_info *pa, *pb;
547
548    pa = *((struct proc_info **)a); pb = *((struct proc_info **)b);
549
550    if (!pa && !pb) return 0;
551    if (!pa) return 1;
552    if (!pb) return -1;
553
554    return -numcmp(pa->num_threads, pb->num_threads);
555}
556
557static int numcmp(long long a, long long b) {
558    if (a < b) return -1;
559    if (a > b) return 1;
560    return 0;
561}
562
563static void usage(char *cmd) {
564    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [ -m max_procs ] [ -n iterations ] [ -d delay ] [ -s sort_column ] [ -t ] [ -h ]\n"
565                    "    -m num  Maximum number of processes to display.\n"
566                    "    -n num  Updates to show before exiting.\n"
567                    "    -d num  Seconds to wait between updates.\n"
568                    "    -s col  Column to sort by (cpu,vss,rss,thr).\n"
569                    "    -t      Show threads instead of processes.\n"
570                    "    -h      Display this help screen.\n",
571        cmd);
572}
573