1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#include "runtime.h"
18
19// sys/mount.h has to come before linux/fs.h due to redefinition of MS_RDONLY, MS_BIND, etc
20#include <sys/mount.h>
21#ifdef __linux__
22#include <linux/fs.h>
23#endif
24
25#include <signal.h>
26#include <sys/syscall.h>
27#include <valgrind.h>
28
29#include <cstdio>
30#include <cstdlib>
31#include <limits>
32#include <memory>
33#include <vector>
34#include <fcntl.h>
35
36#include "arch/arm/quick_method_frame_info_arm.h"
37#include "arch/arm/registers_arm.h"
38#include "arch/arm64/quick_method_frame_info_arm64.h"
39#include "arch/arm64/registers_arm64.h"
40#include "arch/mips/quick_method_frame_info_mips.h"
41#include "arch/mips/registers_mips.h"
42#include "arch/x86/quick_method_frame_info_x86.h"
43#include "arch/x86/registers_x86.h"
44#include "arch/x86_64/quick_method_frame_info_x86_64.h"
45#include "arch/x86_64/registers_x86_64.h"
46#include "atomic.h"
47#include "class_linker.h"
48#include "debugger.h"
49#include "elf_file.h"
50#include "fault_handler.h"
51#include "gc/accounting/card_table-inl.h"
52#include "gc/heap.h"
53#include "gc/space/image_space.h"
54#include "gc/space/space.h"
55#include "image.h"
56#include "instrumentation.h"
57#include "intern_table.h"
58#include "jni_internal.h"
59#include "mirror/art_field-inl.h"
60#include "mirror/art_method-inl.h"
61#include "mirror/array.h"
62#include "mirror/class-inl.h"
63#include "mirror/class_loader.h"
64#include "mirror/stack_trace_element.h"
65#include "mirror/throwable.h"
66#include "monitor.h"
67#include "native_bridge_art_interface.h"
68#include "parsed_options.h"
69#include "oat_file.h"
70#include "os.h"
71#include "quick/quick_method_frame_info.h"
72#include "reflection.h"
73#include "ScopedLocalRef.h"
74#include "scoped_thread_state_change.h"
75#include "sigchain.h"
76#include "signal_catcher.h"
77#include "signal_set.h"
78#include "handle_scope-inl.h"
79#include "thread.h"
80#include "thread_list.h"
81#include "trace.h"
82#include "transaction.h"
83#include "profiler.h"
84#include "verifier/method_verifier.h"
85#include "well_known_classes.h"
86
87#include "JniConstants.h"  // Last to avoid LOG redefinition in ics-mr1-plus-art.
88
89#ifdef HAVE_ANDROID_OS
90#include "cutils/properties.h"
91#endif
92
93namespace art {
94
95static constexpr bool kEnableJavaStackTraceHandler = false;
96const char* Runtime::kDefaultInstructionSetFeatures =
97    STRINGIFY(ART_DEFAULT_INSTRUCTION_SET_FEATURES);
98Runtime* Runtime::instance_ = NULL;
99
100Runtime::Runtime()
101    : instruction_set_(kNone),
102      compiler_callbacks_(nullptr),
103      is_zygote_(false),
104      must_relocate_(false),
105      is_concurrent_gc_enabled_(true),
106      is_explicit_gc_disabled_(false),
107      dex2oat_enabled_(true),
108      image_dex2oat_enabled_(true),
109      default_stack_size_(0),
110      heap_(nullptr),
111      max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_(Monitor::kDefaultMaxSpinsBeforeThinLockInflation),
112      monitor_list_(nullptr),
113      monitor_pool_(nullptr),
114      thread_list_(nullptr),
115      intern_table_(nullptr),
116      class_linker_(nullptr),
117      signal_catcher_(nullptr),
118      java_vm_(nullptr),
119      fault_message_lock_("Fault message lock"),
120      fault_message_(""),
121      method_verifier_lock_("Method verifiers lock"),
122      threads_being_born_(0),
123      shutdown_cond_(new ConditionVariable("Runtime shutdown", *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_)),
124      shutting_down_(false),
125      shutting_down_started_(false),
126      started_(false),
127      finished_starting_(false),
128      vfprintf_(nullptr),
129      exit_(nullptr),
130      abort_(nullptr),
131      stats_enabled_(false),
132      running_on_valgrind_(RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND > 0),
133      profiler_started_(false),
134      method_trace_(false),
135      method_trace_file_size_(0),
136      instrumentation_(),
137      use_compile_time_class_path_(false),
138      main_thread_group_(nullptr),
139      system_thread_group_(nullptr),
140      system_class_loader_(nullptr),
141      dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_(false),
142      preinitialization_transaction_(nullptr),
143      null_pointer_handler_(nullptr),
144      suspend_handler_(nullptr),
145      stack_overflow_handler_(nullptr),
146      verify_(false),
147      target_sdk_version_(0),
148      implicit_null_checks_(false),
149      implicit_so_checks_(false),
150      implicit_suspend_checks_(false),
151      is_native_bridge_loaded_(false) {
152}
153
154Runtime::~Runtime() {
155  if (is_native_bridge_loaded_) {
156    UnloadNativeBridge();
157  }
158  if (dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_) {
159    // This can't be called from the Heap destructor below because it
160    // could call RosAlloc::InspectAll() which needs the thread_list
161    // to be still alive.
162    heap_->DumpGcPerformanceInfo(LOG(INFO));
163  }
164
165  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
166  {
167    MutexLock mu(self, *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
168    shutting_down_started_ = true;
169    while (threads_being_born_ > 0) {
170      shutdown_cond_->Wait(self);
171    }
172    shutting_down_ = true;
173  }
174  // Shut down background profiler before the runtime exits.
175  if (profiler_started_) {
176    BackgroundMethodSamplingProfiler::Shutdown();
177  }
178
179  Trace::Shutdown();
180
181  // Make sure to let the GC complete if it is running.
182  heap_->WaitForGcToComplete(gc::kGcCauseBackground, self);
183  heap_->DeleteThreadPool();
184
185  // Make sure our internal threads are dead before we start tearing down things they're using.
186  Dbg::StopJdwp();
187  delete signal_catcher_;
188
189  // Make sure all other non-daemon threads have terminated, and all daemon threads are suspended.
190  delete thread_list_;
191
192  // Shutdown the fault manager if it was initialized.
193  fault_manager.Shutdown();
194
195  delete monitor_list_;
196  delete monitor_pool_;
197  delete class_linker_;
198  delete heap_;
199  delete intern_table_;
200  delete java_vm_;
201  Thread::Shutdown();
202  QuasiAtomic::Shutdown();
203  verifier::MethodVerifier::Shutdown();
204  MemMap::Shutdown();
205  // TODO: acquire a static mutex on Runtime to avoid racing.
206  CHECK(instance_ == nullptr || instance_ == this);
207  instance_ = nullptr;
208
209  delete null_pointer_handler_;
210  delete suspend_handler_;
211  delete stack_overflow_handler_;
212}
213
214struct AbortState {
215  void Dump(std::ostream& os) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
216    if (gAborting > 1) {
217      os << "Runtime aborting --- recursively, so no thread-specific detail!\n";
218      return;
219    }
220    gAborting++;
221    os << "Runtime aborting...\n";
222    if (Runtime::Current() == NULL) {
223      os << "(Runtime does not yet exist!)\n";
224      return;
225    }
226    Thread* self = Thread::Current();
227    if (self == nullptr) {
228      os << "(Aborting thread was not attached to runtime!)\n";
229      DumpKernelStack(os, GetTid(), "  kernel: ", false);
230      DumpNativeStack(os, GetTid(), "  native: ", nullptr);
231    } else {
232      os << "Aborting thread:\n";
233      if (Locks::mutator_lock_->IsExclusiveHeld(self) || Locks::mutator_lock_->IsSharedHeld(self)) {
234        DumpThread(os, self);
235      } else {
236        if (Locks::mutator_lock_->SharedTryLock(self)) {
237          DumpThread(os, self);
238          Locks::mutator_lock_->SharedUnlock(self);
239        }
240      }
241    }
242    DumpAllThreads(os, self);
243  }
244
245  void DumpThread(std::ostream& os, Thread* self) SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
246    self->Dump(os);
247    if (self->IsExceptionPending()) {
248      ThrowLocation throw_location;
249      mirror::Throwable* exception = self->GetException(&throw_location);
250      os << "Pending exception " << PrettyTypeOf(exception)
251          << " thrown by '" << throw_location.Dump() << "'\n"
252          << exception->Dump();
253    }
254  }
255
256  void DumpAllThreads(std::ostream& os, Thread* self) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
257    Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
258    if (runtime != nullptr) {
259      ThreadList* thread_list = runtime->GetThreadList();
260      if (thread_list != nullptr) {
261        bool tll_already_held = Locks::thread_list_lock_->IsExclusiveHeld(self);
262        bool ml_already_held = Locks::mutator_lock_->IsSharedHeld(self);
263        if (!tll_already_held || !ml_already_held) {
264          os << "Dumping all threads without appropriate locks held:"
265              << (!tll_already_held ? " thread list lock" : "")
266              << (!ml_already_held ? " mutator lock" : "")
267              << "\n";
268        }
269        os << "All threads:\n";
270        thread_list->DumpLocked(os);
271      }
272    }
273  }
274};
275
276void Runtime::Abort() {
277  gAborting++;  // set before taking any locks
278
279  // Ensure that we don't have multiple threads trying to abort at once,
280  // which would result in significantly worse diagnostics.
281  MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), *Locks::abort_lock_);
282
283  // Get any pending output out of the way.
284  fflush(NULL);
285
286  // Many people have difficulty distinguish aborts from crashes,
287  // so be explicit.
288  AbortState state;
289  LOG(INTERNAL_FATAL) << Dumpable<AbortState>(state);
290
291  // Call the abort hook if we have one.
292  if (Runtime::Current() != NULL && Runtime::Current()->abort_ != NULL) {
293    LOG(INTERNAL_FATAL) << "Calling abort hook...";
294    Runtime::Current()->abort_();
295    // notreached
296    LOG(INTERNAL_FATAL) << "Unexpectedly returned from abort hook!";
297  }
298
299#if defined(__GLIBC__)
300  // TODO: we ought to be able to use pthread_kill(3) here (or abort(3),
301  // which POSIX defines in terms of raise(3), which POSIX defines in terms
302  // of pthread_kill(3)). On Linux, though, libcorkscrew can't unwind through
303  // libpthread, which means the stacks we dump would be useless. Calling
304  // tgkill(2) directly avoids that.
305  syscall(__NR_tgkill, getpid(), GetTid(), SIGABRT);
306  // TODO: LLVM installs it's own SIGABRT handler so exit to be safe... Can we disable that in LLVM?
307  // If not, we could use sigaction(3) before calling tgkill(2) and lose this call to exit(3).
308  exit(1);
309#else
310  abort();
311#endif
312  // notreached
313}
314
315void Runtime::PreZygoteFork() {
316  heap_->PreZygoteFork();
317}
318
319void Runtime::CallExitHook(jint status) {
320  if (exit_ != NULL) {
321    ScopedThreadStateChange tsc(Thread::Current(), kNative);
322    exit_(status);
323    LOG(WARNING) << "Exit hook returned instead of exiting!";
324  }
325}
326
327void Runtime::SweepSystemWeaks(IsMarkedCallback* visitor, void* arg) {
328  GetInternTable()->SweepInternTableWeaks(visitor, arg);
329  GetMonitorList()->SweepMonitorList(visitor, arg);
330  GetJavaVM()->SweepJniWeakGlobals(visitor, arg);
331}
332
333bool Runtime::Create(const RuntimeOptions& options, bool ignore_unrecognized) {
334  // TODO: acquire a static mutex on Runtime to avoid racing.
335  if (Runtime::instance_ != NULL) {
336    return false;
337  }
338  InitLogging(NULL);  // Calls Locks::Init() as a side effect.
339  instance_ = new Runtime;
340  if (!instance_->Init(options, ignore_unrecognized)) {
341    delete instance_;
342    instance_ = NULL;
343    return false;
344  }
345  return true;
346}
347
348jobject CreateSystemClassLoader() {
349  if (Runtime::Current()->UseCompileTimeClassPath()) {
350    return NULL;
351  }
352
353  ScopedObjectAccess soa(Thread::Current());
354  ClassLinker* cl = Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker();
355
356  StackHandleScope<3> hs(soa.Self());
357  Handle<mirror::Class> class_loader_class(
358      hs.NewHandle(soa.Decode<mirror::Class*>(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ClassLoader)));
359  CHECK(cl->EnsureInitialized(class_loader_class, true, true));
360
361  mirror::ArtMethod* getSystemClassLoader =
362      class_loader_class->FindDirectMethod("getSystemClassLoader", "()Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;");
363  CHECK(getSystemClassLoader != NULL);
364
365  JValue result = InvokeWithJValues(soa, nullptr, soa.EncodeMethod(getSystemClassLoader), nullptr);
366  Handle<mirror::ClassLoader> class_loader(
367      hs.NewHandle(down_cast<mirror::ClassLoader*>(result.GetL())));
368  CHECK(class_loader.Get() != nullptr);
369  JNIEnv* env = soa.Self()->GetJniEnv();
370  ScopedLocalRef<jobject> system_class_loader(env,
371                                              soa.AddLocalReference<jobject>(class_loader.Get()));
372  CHECK(system_class_loader.get() != nullptr);
373
374  soa.Self()->SetClassLoaderOverride(class_loader.Get());
375
376  Handle<mirror::Class> thread_class(
377      hs.NewHandle(soa.Decode<mirror::Class*>(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Thread)));
378  CHECK(cl->EnsureInitialized(thread_class, true, true));
379
380  mirror::ArtField* contextClassLoader =
381      thread_class->FindDeclaredInstanceField("contextClassLoader", "Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;");
382  CHECK(contextClassLoader != NULL);
383
384  // We can't run in a transaction yet.
385  contextClassLoader->SetObject<false>(soa.Self()->GetPeer(), class_loader.Get());
386
387  return env->NewGlobalRef(system_class_loader.get());
388}
389
390std::string Runtime::GetPatchoatExecutable() const {
391  if (!patchoat_executable_.empty()) {
392    return patchoat_executable_;
393  }
394  std::string patchoat_executable_(GetAndroidRoot());
395  patchoat_executable_ += (kIsDebugBuild ? "/bin/patchoatd" : "/bin/patchoat");
396  return patchoat_executable_;
397}
398
399std::string Runtime::GetCompilerExecutable() const {
400  if (!compiler_executable_.empty()) {
401    return compiler_executable_;
402  }
403  std::string compiler_executable(GetAndroidRoot());
404  compiler_executable += (kIsDebugBuild ? "/bin/dex2oatd" : "/bin/dex2oat");
405  return compiler_executable;
406}
407
408bool Runtime::Start() {
409  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Start entering";
410
411  // Restore main thread state to kNative as expected by native code.
412  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
413
414  self->TransitionFromRunnableToSuspended(kNative);
415
416  started_ = true;
417
418  if (IsZygote()) {
419    ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
420    gc::space::ImageSpace* image_space = heap_->GetImageSpace();
421    if (image_space != nullptr) {
422      Runtime::Current()->GetInternTable()->AddImageStringsToTable(image_space);
423      Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->MoveImageClassesToClassTable();
424    }
425  }
426
427  if (!IsImageDex2OatEnabled() || !Runtime::Current()->GetHeap()->HasImageSpace()) {
428    ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
429    StackHandleScope<1> hs(soa.Self());
430    auto klass(hs.NewHandle<mirror::Class>(mirror::Class::GetJavaLangClass()));
431    class_linker_->EnsureInitialized(klass, true, true);
432  }
433
434  // InitNativeMethods needs to be after started_ so that the classes
435  // it touches will have methods linked to the oat file if necessary.
436  InitNativeMethods();
437
438  // Initialize well known thread group values that may be accessed threads while attaching.
439  InitThreadGroups(self);
440
441  Thread::FinishStartup();
442
443  system_class_loader_ = CreateSystemClassLoader();
444
445  if (is_zygote_) {
446    if (!InitZygote()) {
447      return false;
448    }
449  } else {
450    if (is_native_bridge_loaded_) {
451      PreInitializeNativeBridge(".");
452    }
453    DidForkFromZygote(self->GetJniEnv(), NativeBridgeAction::kInitialize,
454                      GetInstructionSetString(kRuntimeISA));
455  }
456
457  StartDaemonThreads();
458
459  {
460    ScopedObjectAccess soa(self);
461    self->GetJniEnv()->locals.AssertEmpty();
462  }
463
464  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Start exiting";
465  finished_starting_ = true;
466
467  if (profiler_options_.IsEnabled() && !profile_output_filename_.empty()) {
468    // User has asked for a profile using -Xenable-profiler.
469    // Create the profile file if it doesn't exist.
470    int fd = open(profile_output_filename_.c_str(), O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0660);
471    if (fd >= 0) {
472      close(fd);
473    } else if (errno != EEXIST) {
474      LOG(INFO) << "Failed to access the profile file. Profiler disabled.";
475      return true;
476    }
477    StartProfiler(profile_output_filename_.c_str());
478  }
479
480  return true;
481}
482
483void Runtime::EndThreadBirth() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_) {
484  DCHECK_GT(threads_being_born_, 0U);
485  threads_being_born_--;
486  if (shutting_down_started_ && threads_being_born_ == 0) {
487    shutdown_cond_->Broadcast(Thread::Current());
488  }
489}
490
491// Do zygote-mode-only initialization.
492bool Runtime::InitZygote() {
493#ifdef __linux__
494  // zygote goes into its own process group
495  setpgid(0, 0);
496
497  // See storage config details at http://source.android.com/tech/storage/
498  // Create private mount namespace shared by all children
499  if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) == -1) {
500    PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to unshare()";
501    return false;
502  }
503
504  // Mark rootfs as being a slave so that changes from default
505  // namespace only flow into our children.
506  if (mount("rootfs", "/", NULL, (MS_SLAVE | MS_REC), NULL) == -1) {
507    PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to mount() rootfs as MS_SLAVE";
508    return false;
509  }
510
511  // Create a staging tmpfs that is shared by our children; they will
512  // bind mount storage into their respective private namespaces, which
513  // are isolated from each other.
514  const char* target_base = getenv("EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET");
515  if (target_base != NULL) {
516    if (mount("tmpfs", target_base, "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID | MS_NODEV,
517              "uid=0,gid=1028,mode=0751") == -1) {
518      LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to mount tmpfs to " << target_base;
519      return false;
520    }
521  }
522
523  return true;
524#else
525  UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL);
526  return false;
527#endif
528}
529
530void Runtime::DidForkFromZygote(JNIEnv* env, NativeBridgeAction action, const char* isa) {
531  is_zygote_ = false;
532
533  if (is_native_bridge_loaded_) {
534    switch (action) {
535      case NativeBridgeAction::kUnload:
536        UnloadNativeBridge();
537        is_native_bridge_loaded_ = false;
538        break;
539
540      case NativeBridgeAction::kInitialize:
541        InitializeNativeBridge(env, isa);
542        break;
543    }
544  }
545
546  // Create the thread pool.
547  heap_->CreateThreadPool();
548
549  StartSignalCatcher();
550
551  // Start the JDWP thread. If the command-line debugger flags specified "suspend=y",
552  // this will pause the runtime, so we probably want this to come last.
553  Dbg::StartJdwp();
554}
555
556void Runtime::StartSignalCatcher() {
557  if (!is_zygote_) {
558    signal_catcher_ = new SignalCatcher(stack_trace_file_);
559  }
560}
561
562bool Runtime::IsShuttingDown(Thread* self) {
563  MutexLock mu(self, *Locks::runtime_shutdown_lock_);
564  return IsShuttingDownLocked();
565}
566
567void Runtime::StartDaemonThreads() {
568  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::StartDaemonThreads entering";
569
570  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
571
572  // Must be in the kNative state for calling native methods.
573  CHECK_EQ(self->GetState(), kNative);
574
575  JNIEnv* env = self->GetJniEnv();
576  env->CallStaticVoidMethod(WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Daemons,
577                            WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Daemons_start);
578  if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
579    env->ExceptionDescribe();
580    LOG(FATAL) << "Error starting java.lang.Daemons";
581  }
582
583  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::StartDaemonThreads exiting";
584}
585
586static bool OpenDexFilesFromImage(const std::vector<std::string>& dex_filenames,
587                                  const std::string& image_location,
588                                  std::vector<const DexFile*>& dex_files,
589                                  size_t* failures) {
590  std::string system_filename;
591  bool has_system = false;
592  std::string cache_filename_unused;
593  bool dalvik_cache_exists_unused;
594  bool has_cache_unused;
595  bool is_global_cache_unused;
596  bool found_image = gc::space::ImageSpace::FindImageFilename(image_location.c_str(),
597                                                              kRuntimeISA,
598                                                              &system_filename,
599                                                              &has_system,
600                                                              &cache_filename_unused,
601                                                              &dalvik_cache_exists_unused,
602                                                              &has_cache_unused,
603                                                              &is_global_cache_unused);
604  *failures = 0;
605  if (!found_image || !has_system) {
606    return false;
607  }
608  std::string error_msg;
609  // We are falling back to non-executable use of the oat file because patching failed, presumably
610  // due to lack of space.
611  std::string oat_filename = ImageHeader::GetOatLocationFromImageLocation(system_filename.c_str());
612  std::string oat_location = ImageHeader::GetOatLocationFromImageLocation(image_location.c_str());
613  std::unique_ptr<File> file(OS::OpenFileForReading(oat_filename.c_str()));
614  if (file.get() == nullptr) {
615    return false;
616  }
617  std::unique_ptr<ElfFile> elf_file(ElfFile::Open(file.release(), false, false, &error_msg));
618  if (elf_file.get() == nullptr) {
619    return false;
620  }
621  std::unique_ptr<OatFile> oat_file(OatFile::OpenWithElfFile(elf_file.release(), oat_location,
622                                                             &error_msg));
623  if (oat_file.get() == nullptr) {
624    LOG(INFO) << "Unable to use '" << oat_filename << "' because " << error_msg;
625    return false;
626  }
627
628  for (const OatFile::OatDexFile* oat_dex_file : oat_file->GetOatDexFiles()) {
629    if (oat_dex_file == nullptr) {
630      *failures += 1;
631      continue;
632    }
633    const DexFile* dex_file = oat_dex_file->OpenDexFile(&error_msg);
634    if (dex_file == nullptr) {
635      *failures += 1;
636    } else {
637      dex_files.push_back(dex_file);
638    }
639  }
640  Runtime::Current()->GetClassLinker()->RegisterOatFile(oat_file.release());
641  return true;
642}
643
644
645static size_t OpenDexFiles(const std::vector<std::string>& dex_filenames,
646                           const std::string& image_location,
647                           std::vector<const DexFile*>& dex_files) {
648  size_t failure_count = 0;
649  if (!image_location.empty() && OpenDexFilesFromImage(dex_filenames, image_location, dex_files,
650                                                       &failure_count)) {
651    return failure_count;
652  }
653  failure_count = 0;
654  for (size_t i = 0; i < dex_filenames.size(); i++) {
655    const char* dex_filename = dex_filenames[i].c_str();
656    std::string error_msg;
657    if (!OS::FileExists(dex_filename)) {
658      LOG(WARNING) << "Skipping non-existent dex file '" << dex_filename << "'";
659      continue;
660    }
661    if (!DexFile::Open(dex_filename, dex_filename, &error_msg, &dex_files)) {
662      LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to open .dex from file '" << dex_filename << "': " << error_msg;
663      ++failure_count;
664    }
665  }
666  return failure_count;
667}
668
669bool Runtime::Init(const RuntimeOptions& raw_options, bool ignore_unrecognized) {
670  CHECK_EQ(sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE), kPageSize);
671
672  MemMap::Init();
673
674  std::unique_ptr<ParsedOptions> options(ParsedOptions::Create(raw_options, ignore_unrecognized));
675  if (options.get() == nullptr) {
676    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to parse options";
677    return false;
678  }
679  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Init -verbose:startup enabled";
680
681  QuasiAtomic::Startup();
682
683  Monitor::Init(options->lock_profiling_threshold_, options->hook_is_sensitive_thread_);
684
685  boot_class_path_string_ = options->boot_class_path_string_;
686  class_path_string_ = options->class_path_string_;
687  properties_ = options->properties_;
688
689  compiler_callbacks_ = options->compiler_callbacks_;
690  patchoat_executable_ = options->patchoat_executable_;
691  must_relocate_ = options->must_relocate_;
692  is_zygote_ = options->is_zygote_;
693  is_explicit_gc_disabled_ = options->is_explicit_gc_disabled_;
694  dex2oat_enabled_ = options->dex2oat_enabled_;
695  image_dex2oat_enabled_ = options->image_dex2oat_enabled_;
696
697  vfprintf_ = options->hook_vfprintf_;
698  exit_ = options->hook_exit_;
699  abort_ = options->hook_abort_;
700
701  default_stack_size_ = options->stack_size_;
702  stack_trace_file_ = options->stack_trace_file_;
703
704  compiler_executable_ = options->compiler_executable_;
705  compiler_options_ = options->compiler_options_;
706  image_compiler_options_ = options->image_compiler_options_;
707  image_location_ = options->image_;
708
709  max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_ = options->max_spins_before_thin_lock_inflation_;
710
711  monitor_list_ = new MonitorList;
712  monitor_pool_ = MonitorPool::Create();
713  thread_list_ = new ThreadList;
714  intern_table_ = new InternTable;
715
716  verify_ = options->verify_;
717
718  if (options->interpreter_only_) {
719    GetInstrumentation()->ForceInterpretOnly();
720  }
721
722  heap_ = new gc::Heap(options->heap_initial_size_,
723                       options->heap_growth_limit_,
724                       options->heap_min_free_,
725                       options->heap_max_free_,
726                       options->heap_target_utilization_,
727                       options->foreground_heap_growth_multiplier_,
728                       options->heap_maximum_size_,
729                       options->heap_non_moving_space_capacity_,
730                       options->image_,
731                       options->image_isa_,
732                       options->collector_type_,
733                       options->background_collector_type_,
734                       options->parallel_gc_threads_,
735                       options->conc_gc_threads_,
736                       options->low_memory_mode_,
737                       options->long_pause_log_threshold_,
738                       options->long_gc_log_threshold_,
739                       options->ignore_max_footprint_,
740                       options->use_tlab_,
741                       options->verify_pre_gc_heap_,
742                       options->verify_pre_sweeping_heap_,
743                       options->verify_post_gc_heap_,
744                       options->verify_pre_gc_rosalloc_,
745                       options->verify_pre_sweeping_rosalloc_,
746                       options->verify_post_gc_rosalloc_,
747                       options->use_homogeneous_space_compaction_for_oom_,
748                       options->min_interval_homogeneous_space_compaction_by_oom_);
749
750  dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_ = options->dump_gc_performance_on_shutdown_;
751
752  BlockSignals();
753  InitPlatformSignalHandlers();
754
755  // Change the implicit checks flags based on runtime architecture.
756  switch (kRuntimeISA) {
757    case kArm:
758    case kThumb2:
759    case kX86:
760    case kArm64:
761    case kX86_64:
762      implicit_null_checks_ = true;
763      implicit_so_checks_ = (RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND == 0);
764      break;
765    default:
766      // Keep the defaults.
767      break;
768  }
769
770  // Always initialize the signal chain so that any calls to sigaction get
771  // correctly routed to the next in the chain regardless of whether we
772  // have claimed the signal or not.
773  InitializeSignalChain();
774
775  if (implicit_null_checks_ || implicit_so_checks_ || implicit_suspend_checks_) {
776    fault_manager.Init();
777
778    // These need to be in a specific order.  The null point check handler must be
779    // after the suspend check and stack overflow check handlers.
780    if (implicit_suspend_checks_) {
781      suspend_handler_ = new SuspensionHandler(&fault_manager);
782    }
783
784    if (implicit_so_checks_) {
785      stack_overflow_handler_ = new StackOverflowHandler(&fault_manager);
786    }
787
788    if (implicit_null_checks_) {
789      null_pointer_handler_ = new NullPointerHandler(&fault_manager);
790    }
791
792    if (kEnableJavaStackTraceHandler) {
793      new JavaStackTraceHandler(&fault_manager);
794    }
795  }
796
797  java_vm_ = new JavaVMExt(this, options.get());
798
799  Thread::Startup();
800
801  // ClassLinker needs an attached thread, but we can't fully attach a thread without creating
802  // objects. We can't supply a thread group yet; it will be fixed later. Since we are the main
803  // thread, we do not get a java peer.
804  Thread* self = Thread::Attach("main", false, nullptr, false);
805  CHECK_EQ(self->GetThreadId(), ThreadList::kMainThreadId);
806  CHECK(self != nullptr);
807
808  // Set us to runnable so tools using a runtime can allocate and GC by default
809  self->TransitionFromSuspendedToRunnable();
810
811  // Now we're attached, we can take the heap locks and validate the heap.
812  GetHeap()->EnableObjectValidation();
813
814  CHECK_GE(GetHeap()->GetContinuousSpaces().size(), 1U);
815  class_linker_ = new ClassLinker(intern_table_);
816  if (GetHeap()->HasImageSpace()) {
817    class_linker_->InitFromImage();
818    if (kIsDebugBuild) {
819      GetHeap()->GetImageSpace()->VerifyImageAllocations();
820    }
821  } else if (!IsCompiler() || !image_dex2oat_enabled_) {
822    std::vector<std::string> dex_filenames;
823    Split(boot_class_path_string_, ':', dex_filenames);
824    std::vector<const DexFile*> boot_class_path;
825    OpenDexFiles(dex_filenames, options->image_, boot_class_path);
826    class_linker_->InitWithoutImage(boot_class_path);
827    // TODO: Should we move the following to InitWithoutImage?
828    SetInstructionSet(kRuntimeISA);
829    for (int i = 0; i < Runtime::kLastCalleeSaveType; i++) {
830      Runtime::CalleeSaveType type = Runtime::CalleeSaveType(i);
831      if (!HasCalleeSaveMethod(type)) {
832        SetCalleeSaveMethod(CreateCalleeSaveMethod(type), type);
833      }
834    }
835  } else {
836    CHECK(options->boot_class_path_ != nullptr);
837    CHECK_NE(options->boot_class_path_->size(), 0U);
838    class_linker_->InitWithoutImage(*options->boot_class_path_);
839  }
840  CHECK(class_linker_ != nullptr);
841  verifier::MethodVerifier::Init();
842
843  method_trace_ = options->method_trace_;
844  method_trace_file_ = options->method_trace_file_;
845  method_trace_file_size_ = options->method_trace_file_size_;
846
847  profile_output_filename_ = options->profile_output_filename_;
848  profiler_options_ = options->profiler_options_;
849
850  // TODO: move this to just be an Trace::Start argument
851  Trace::SetDefaultClockSource(options->profile_clock_source_);
852
853  if (options->method_trace_) {
854    ScopedThreadStateChange tsc(self, kWaitingForMethodTracingStart);
855    Trace::Start(options->method_trace_file_.c_str(), -1, options->method_trace_file_size_, 0,
856                 false, false, 0);
857  }
858
859  // Pre-allocate an OutOfMemoryError for the double-OOME case.
860  self->ThrowNewException(ThrowLocation(), "Ljava/lang/OutOfMemoryError;",
861                          "OutOfMemoryError thrown while trying to throw OutOfMemoryError; "
862                          "no stack available");
863  pre_allocated_OutOfMemoryError_ = GcRoot<mirror::Throwable>(self->GetException(NULL));
864  self->ClearException();
865
866  // Pre-allocate a NoClassDefFoundError for the common case of failing to find a system class
867  // ahead of checking the application's class loader.
868  self->ThrowNewException(ThrowLocation(), "Ljava/lang/NoClassDefFoundError;",
869                          "Class not found using the boot class loader; no stack available");
870  pre_allocated_NoClassDefFoundError_ = GcRoot<mirror::Throwable>(self->GetException(NULL));
871  self->ClearException();
872
873  // Look for a native bridge.
874  //
875  // The intended flow here is, in the case of a running system:
876  //
877  // Runtime::Init() (zygote):
878  //   LoadNativeBridge -> dlopen from cmd line parameter.
879  //  |
880  //  V
881  // Runtime::Start() (zygote):
882  //   No-op wrt native bridge.
883  //  |
884  //  | start app
885  //  V
886  // DidForkFromZygote(action)
887  //   action = kUnload -> dlclose native bridge.
888  //   action = kInitialize -> initialize library
889  //
890  //
891  // The intended flow here is, in the case of a simple dalvikvm call:
892  //
893  // Runtime::Init():
894  //   LoadNativeBridge -> dlopen from cmd line parameter.
895  //  |
896  //  V
897  // Runtime::Start():
898  //   DidForkFromZygote(kInitialize) -> try to initialize any native bridge given.
899  //   No-op wrt native bridge.
900  is_native_bridge_loaded_ = LoadNativeBridge(options->native_bridge_library_filename_);
901
902  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::Init exiting";
903  return true;
904}
905
906void Runtime::InitNativeMethods() {
907  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::InitNativeMethods entering";
908  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
909  JNIEnv* env = self->GetJniEnv();
910
911  // Must be in the kNative state for calling native methods (JNI_OnLoad code).
912  CHECK_EQ(self->GetState(), kNative);
913
914  // First set up JniConstants, which is used by both the runtime's built-in native
915  // methods and libcore.
916  JniConstants::init(env);
917  WellKnownClasses::Init(env);
918
919  // Then set up the native methods provided by the runtime itself.
920  RegisterRuntimeNativeMethods(env);
921
922  // Then set up libcore, which is just a regular JNI library with a regular JNI_OnLoad.
923  // Most JNI libraries can just use System.loadLibrary, but libcore can't because it's
924  // the library that implements System.loadLibrary!
925  {
926    std::string mapped_name(StringPrintf(OS_SHARED_LIB_FORMAT_STR, "javacore"));
927    std::string reason;
928    self->TransitionFromSuspendedToRunnable();
929    StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
930    auto class_loader(hs.NewHandle<mirror::ClassLoader>(nullptr));
931    if (!instance_->java_vm_->LoadNativeLibrary(mapped_name, class_loader, &reason)) {
932      LOG(FATAL) << "LoadNativeLibrary failed for \"" << mapped_name << "\": " << reason;
933    }
934    self->TransitionFromRunnableToSuspended(kNative);
935  }
936
937  // Initialize well known classes that may invoke runtime native methods.
938  WellKnownClasses::LateInit(env);
939
940  VLOG(startup) << "Runtime::InitNativeMethods exiting";
941}
942
943void Runtime::InitThreadGroups(Thread* self) {
944  JNIEnvExt* env = self->GetJniEnv();
945  ScopedJniEnvLocalRefState env_state(env);
946  main_thread_group_ =
947      env->NewGlobalRef(env->GetStaticObjectField(
948          WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup,
949          WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup_mainThreadGroup));
950  CHECK(main_thread_group_ != NULL || IsCompiler());
951  system_thread_group_ =
952      env->NewGlobalRef(env->GetStaticObjectField(
953          WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup,
954          WellKnownClasses::java_lang_ThreadGroup_systemThreadGroup));
955  CHECK(system_thread_group_ != NULL || IsCompiler());
956}
957
958jobject Runtime::GetMainThreadGroup() const {
959  CHECK(main_thread_group_ != NULL || IsCompiler());
960  return main_thread_group_;
961}
962
963jobject Runtime::GetSystemThreadGroup() const {
964  CHECK(system_thread_group_ != NULL || IsCompiler());
965  return system_thread_group_;
966}
967
968jobject Runtime::GetSystemClassLoader() const {
969  CHECK(system_class_loader_ != NULL || IsCompiler());
970  return system_class_loader_;
971}
972
973void Runtime::RegisterRuntimeNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env) {
974#define REGISTER(FN) extern void FN(JNIEnv*); FN(env)
975  // Register Throwable first so that registration of other native methods can throw exceptions
976  REGISTER(register_java_lang_Throwable);
977  REGISTER(register_dalvik_system_DexFile);
978  REGISTER(register_dalvik_system_VMDebug);
979  REGISTER(register_dalvik_system_VMRuntime);
980  REGISTER(register_dalvik_system_VMStack);
981  REGISTER(register_dalvik_system_ZygoteHooks);
982  REGISTER(register_java_lang_Class);
983  REGISTER(register_java_lang_DexCache);
984  REGISTER(register_java_lang_Object);
985  REGISTER(register_java_lang_Runtime);
986  REGISTER(register_java_lang_String);
987  REGISTER(register_java_lang_System);
988  REGISTER(register_java_lang_Thread);
989  REGISTER(register_java_lang_VMClassLoader);
990  REGISTER(register_java_lang_ref_FinalizerReference);
991  REGISTER(register_java_lang_ref_Reference);
992  REGISTER(register_java_lang_reflect_Array);
993  REGISTER(register_java_lang_reflect_Constructor);
994  REGISTER(register_java_lang_reflect_Field);
995  REGISTER(register_java_lang_reflect_Method);
996  REGISTER(register_java_lang_reflect_Proxy);
997  REGISTER(register_java_util_concurrent_atomic_AtomicLong);
998  REGISTER(register_org_apache_harmony_dalvik_ddmc_DdmServer);
999  REGISTER(register_org_apache_harmony_dalvik_ddmc_DdmVmInternal);
1000  REGISTER(register_sun_misc_Unsafe);
1001#undef REGISTER
1002}
1003
1004void Runtime::DumpForSigQuit(std::ostream& os) {
1005  GetClassLinker()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
1006  GetInternTable()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
1007  GetJavaVM()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
1008  GetHeap()->DumpForSigQuit(os);
1009  TrackedAllocators::Dump(os);
1010  os << "\n";
1011
1012  thread_list_->DumpForSigQuit(os);
1013  BaseMutex::DumpAll(os);
1014}
1015
1016void Runtime::DumpLockHolders(std::ostream& os) {
1017  uint64_t mutator_lock_owner = Locks::mutator_lock_->GetExclusiveOwnerTid();
1018  pid_t thread_list_lock_owner = GetThreadList()->GetLockOwner();
1019  pid_t classes_lock_owner = GetClassLinker()->GetClassesLockOwner();
1020  pid_t dex_lock_owner = GetClassLinker()->GetDexLockOwner();
1021  if ((thread_list_lock_owner | classes_lock_owner | dex_lock_owner) != 0) {
1022    os << "Mutator lock exclusive owner tid: " << mutator_lock_owner << "\n"
1023       << "ThreadList lock owner tid: " << thread_list_lock_owner << "\n"
1024       << "ClassLinker classes lock owner tid: " << classes_lock_owner << "\n"
1025       << "ClassLinker dex lock owner tid: " << dex_lock_owner << "\n";
1026  }
1027}
1028
1029void Runtime::SetStatsEnabled(bool new_state) {
1030  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
1031  MutexLock mu(self, *Locks::instrument_entrypoints_lock_);
1032  if (new_state == true) {
1033    GetStats()->Clear(~0);
1034    // TODO: wouldn't it make more sense to clear _all_ threads' stats?
1035    self->GetStats()->Clear(~0);
1036    if (stats_enabled_ != new_state) {
1037      GetInstrumentation()->InstrumentQuickAllocEntryPointsLocked();
1038    }
1039  } else if (stats_enabled_ != new_state) {
1040    GetInstrumentation()->UninstrumentQuickAllocEntryPointsLocked();
1041  }
1042  stats_enabled_ = new_state;
1043}
1044
1045void Runtime::ResetStats(int kinds) {
1046  GetStats()->Clear(kinds & 0xffff);
1047  // TODO: wouldn't it make more sense to clear _all_ threads' stats?
1048  Thread::Current()->GetStats()->Clear(kinds >> 16);
1049}
1050
1051int32_t Runtime::GetStat(int kind) {
1052  RuntimeStats* stats;
1053  if (kind < (1<<16)) {
1054    stats = GetStats();
1055  } else {
1056    stats = Thread::Current()->GetStats();
1057    kind >>= 16;
1058  }
1059  switch (kind) {
1060  case KIND_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS:
1061    return stats->allocated_objects;
1062  case KIND_ALLOCATED_BYTES:
1063    return stats->allocated_bytes;
1064  case KIND_FREED_OBJECTS:
1065    return stats->freed_objects;
1066  case KIND_FREED_BYTES:
1067    return stats->freed_bytes;
1068  case KIND_GC_INVOCATIONS:
1069    return stats->gc_for_alloc_count;
1070  case KIND_CLASS_INIT_COUNT:
1071    return stats->class_init_count;
1072  case KIND_CLASS_INIT_TIME:
1073    // Convert ns to us, reduce to 32 bits.
1074    return static_cast<int>(stats->class_init_time_ns / 1000);
1075  case KIND_EXT_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS:
1076  case KIND_EXT_ALLOCATED_BYTES:
1077  case KIND_EXT_FREED_OBJECTS:
1078  case KIND_EXT_FREED_BYTES:
1079    return 0;  // backward compatibility
1080  default:
1081    LOG(FATAL) << "Unknown statistic " << kind;
1082    return -1;  // unreachable
1083  }
1084}
1085
1086void Runtime::BlockSignals() {
1087  SignalSet signals;
1088  signals.Add(SIGPIPE);
1089  // SIGQUIT is used to dump the runtime's state (including stack traces).
1090  signals.Add(SIGQUIT);
1091  // SIGUSR1 is used to initiate a GC.
1092  signals.Add(SIGUSR1);
1093  signals.Block();
1094}
1095
1096bool Runtime::AttachCurrentThread(const char* thread_name, bool as_daemon, jobject thread_group,
1097                                  bool create_peer) {
1098  return Thread::Attach(thread_name, as_daemon, thread_group, create_peer) != NULL;
1099}
1100
1101void Runtime::DetachCurrentThread() {
1102  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
1103  if (self == NULL) {
1104    LOG(FATAL) << "attempting to detach thread that is not attached";
1105  }
1106  if (self->HasManagedStack()) {
1107    LOG(FATAL) << *Thread::Current() << " attempting to detach while still running code";
1108  }
1109  thread_list_->Unregister(self);
1110}
1111
1112mirror::Throwable* Runtime::GetPreAllocatedOutOfMemoryError() {
1113  mirror::Throwable* oome = pre_allocated_OutOfMemoryError_.Read();
1114  if (oome == nullptr) {
1115    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to return pre-allocated OOME";
1116  }
1117  return oome;
1118}
1119
1120mirror::Throwable* Runtime::GetPreAllocatedNoClassDefFoundError() {
1121  mirror::Throwable* ncdfe = pre_allocated_NoClassDefFoundError_.Read();
1122  if (ncdfe == nullptr) {
1123    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to return pre-allocated NoClassDefFoundError";
1124  }
1125  return ncdfe;
1126}
1127
1128void Runtime::VisitConstantRoots(RootCallback* callback, void* arg) {
1129  // Visit the classes held as static in mirror classes, these can be visited concurrently and only
1130  // need to be visited once per GC since they never change.
1131  mirror::ArtField::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1132  mirror::ArtMethod::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1133  mirror::Class::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1134  mirror::Reference::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1135  mirror::StackTraceElement::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1136  mirror::String::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1137  mirror::Throwable::VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1138  // Visit all the primitive array types classes.
1139  mirror::PrimitiveArray<uint8_t>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);   // BooleanArray
1140  mirror::PrimitiveArray<int8_t>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);    // ByteArray
1141  mirror::PrimitiveArray<uint16_t>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);  // CharArray
1142  mirror::PrimitiveArray<double>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);    // DoubleArray
1143  mirror::PrimitiveArray<float>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);     // FloatArray
1144  mirror::PrimitiveArray<int32_t>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);   // IntArray
1145  mirror::PrimitiveArray<int64_t>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);   // LongArray
1146  mirror::PrimitiveArray<int16_t>::VisitRoots(callback, arg);   // ShortArray
1147}
1148
1149void Runtime::VisitConcurrentRoots(RootCallback* callback, void* arg, VisitRootFlags flags) {
1150  intern_table_->VisitRoots(callback, arg, flags);
1151  class_linker_->VisitRoots(callback, arg, flags);
1152  if ((flags & kVisitRootFlagNewRoots) == 0) {
1153    // Guaranteed to have no new roots in the constant roots.
1154    VisitConstantRoots(callback, arg);
1155  }
1156}
1157
1158void Runtime::VisitNonThreadRoots(RootCallback* callback, void* arg) {
1159  java_vm_->VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1160  pre_allocated_OutOfMemoryError_.VisitRootIfNonNull(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1161  resolution_method_.VisitRoot(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1162  pre_allocated_NoClassDefFoundError_.VisitRootIfNonNull(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1163  imt_conflict_method_.VisitRootIfNonNull(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1164  imt_unimplemented_method_.VisitRootIfNonNull(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1165  default_imt_.VisitRootIfNonNull(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1166  for (int i = 0; i < Runtime::kLastCalleeSaveType; i++) {
1167    callee_save_methods_[i].VisitRootIfNonNull(callback, arg, RootInfo(kRootVMInternal));
1168  }
1169  verifier::MethodVerifier::VisitStaticRoots(callback, arg);
1170  {
1171    MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), method_verifier_lock_);
1172    for (verifier::MethodVerifier* verifier : method_verifiers_) {
1173      verifier->VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1174    }
1175  }
1176  if (preinitialization_transaction_ != nullptr) {
1177    preinitialization_transaction_->VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1178  }
1179  instrumentation_.VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1180}
1181
1182void Runtime::VisitNonConcurrentRoots(RootCallback* callback, void* arg) {
1183  thread_list_->VisitRoots(callback, arg);
1184  VisitNonThreadRoots(callback, arg);
1185}
1186
1187void Runtime::VisitRoots(RootCallback* callback, void* arg, VisitRootFlags flags) {
1188  VisitNonConcurrentRoots(callback, arg);
1189  VisitConcurrentRoots(callback, arg, flags);
1190}
1191
1192mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::ArtMethod>* Runtime::CreateDefaultImt(ClassLinker* cl) {
1193  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
1194  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
1195  Handle<mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::ArtMethod>> imtable(
1196      hs.NewHandle(cl->AllocArtMethodArray(self, 64)));
1197  mirror::ArtMethod* imt_conflict_method = Runtime::Current()->GetImtConflictMethod();
1198  for (size_t i = 0; i < static_cast<size_t>(imtable->GetLength()); i++) {
1199    imtable->Set<false>(i, imt_conflict_method);
1200  }
1201  return imtable.Get();
1202}
1203
1204mirror::ArtMethod* Runtime::CreateImtConflictMethod() {
1205  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
1206  Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
1207  ClassLinker* class_linker = runtime->GetClassLinker();
1208  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
1209  Handle<mirror::ArtMethod> method(hs.NewHandle(class_linker->AllocArtMethod(self)));
1210  method->SetDeclaringClass(mirror::ArtMethod::GetJavaLangReflectArtMethod());
1211  // TODO: use a special method for imt conflict method saves.
1212  method->SetDexMethodIndex(DexFile::kDexNoIndex);
1213  // When compiling, the code pointer will get set later when the image is loaded.
1214  if (runtime->IsCompiler()) {
1215#if defined(ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER)
1216    method->SetEntryPointFromPortableCompiledCode(nullptr);
1217#endif
1218    method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(nullptr);
1219  } else {
1220#if defined(ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER)
1221    method->SetEntryPointFromPortableCompiledCode(class_linker->GetPortableImtConflictTrampoline());
1222#endif
1223    method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(class_linker->GetQuickImtConflictTrampoline());
1224  }
1225  return method.Get();
1226}
1227
1228mirror::ArtMethod* Runtime::CreateResolutionMethod() {
1229  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
1230  Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
1231  ClassLinker* class_linker = runtime->GetClassLinker();
1232  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
1233  Handle<mirror::ArtMethod> method(hs.NewHandle(class_linker->AllocArtMethod(self)));
1234  method->SetDeclaringClass(mirror::ArtMethod::GetJavaLangReflectArtMethod());
1235  // TODO: use a special method for resolution method saves
1236  method->SetDexMethodIndex(DexFile::kDexNoIndex);
1237  // When compiling, the code pointer will get set later when the image is loaded.
1238  if (runtime->IsCompiler()) {
1239#if defined(ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER)
1240    method->SetEntryPointFromPortableCompiledCode(nullptr);
1241#endif
1242    method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(nullptr);
1243  } else {
1244#if defined(ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER)
1245    method->SetEntryPointFromPortableCompiledCode(class_linker->GetPortableResolutionTrampoline());
1246#endif
1247    method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(class_linker->GetQuickResolutionTrampoline());
1248  }
1249  return method.Get();
1250}
1251
1252mirror::ArtMethod* Runtime::CreateCalleeSaveMethod(CalleeSaveType type) {
1253  Thread* self = Thread::Current();
1254  Runtime* runtime = Runtime::Current();
1255  ClassLinker* class_linker = runtime->GetClassLinker();
1256  StackHandleScope<1> hs(self);
1257  Handle<mirror::ArtMethod> method(hs.NewHandle(class_linker->AllocArtMethod(self)));
1258  method->SetDeclaringClass(mirror::ArtMethod::GetJavaLangReflectArtMethod());
1259  // TODO: use a special method for callee saves
1260  method->SetDexMethodIndex(DexFile::kDexNoIndex);
1261#if defined(ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER)
1262  method->SetEntryPointFromPortableCompiledCode(nullptr);
1263#endif
1264  method->SetEntryPointFromQuickCompiledCode(nullptr);
1265  DCHECK_NE(instruction_set_, kNone);
1266  return method.Get();
1267}
1268
1269void Runtime::DisallowNewSystemWeaks() {
1270  monitor_list_->DisallowNewMonitors();
1271  intern_table_->DisallowNewInterns();
1272  java_vm_->DisallowNewWeakGlobals();
1273}
1274
1275void Runtime::AllowNewSystemWeaks() {
1276  monitor_list_->AllowNewMonitors();
1277  intern_table_->AllowNewInterns();
1278  java_vm_->AllowNewWeakGlobals();
1279}
1280
1281void Runtime::SetInstructionSet(InstructionSet instruction_set) {
1282  instruction_set_ = instruction_set;
1283  if ((instruction_set_ == kThumb2) || (instruction_set_ == kArm)) {
1284    for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
1285      CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
1286      callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = arm::ArmCalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
1287    }
1288  } else if (instruction_set_ == kMips) {
1289    for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
1290      CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
1291      callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = mips::MipsCalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
1292    }
1293  } else if (instruction_set_ == kX86) {
1294    for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
1295      CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
1296      callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = x86::X86CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
1297    }
1298  } else if (instruction_set_ == kX86_64) {
1299    for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
1300      CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
1301      callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = x86_64::X86_64CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
1302    }
1303  } else if (instruction_set_ == kArm64) {
1304    for (int i = 0; i != kLastCalleeSaveType; ++i) {
1305      CalleeSaveType type = static_cast<CalleeSaveType>(i);
1306      callee_save_method_frame_infos_[i] = arm64::Arm64CalleeSaveMethodFrameInfo(type);
1307    }
1308  } else {
1309    UNIMPLEMENTED(FATAL) << instruction_set_;
1310  }
1311}
1312
1313void Runtime::SetCalleeSaveMethod(mirror::ArtMethod* method, CalleeSaveType type) {
1314  DCHECK_LT(static_cast<int>(type), static_cast<int>(kLastCalleeSaveType));
1315  callee_save_methods_[type] = GcRoot<mirror::ArtMethod>(method);
1316}
1317
1318const std::vector<const DexFile*>& Runtime::GetCompileTimeClassPath(jobject class_loader) {
1319  if (class_loader == NULL) {
1320    return GetClassLinker()->GetBootClassPath();
1321  }
1322  CHECK(UseCompileTimeClassPath());
1323  CompileTimeClassPaths::const_iterator it = compile_time_class_paths_.find(class_loader);
1324  CHECK(it != compile_time_class_paths_.end());
1325  return it->second;
1326}
1327
1328void Runtime::SetCompileTimeClassPath(jobject class_loader,
1329                                      std::vector<const DexFile*>& class_path) {
1330  CHECK(!IsStarted());
1331  use_compile_time_class_path_ = true;
1332  compile_time_class_paths_.Put(class_loader, class_path);
1333}
1334
1335void Runtime::AddMethodVerifier(verifier::MethodVerifier* verifier) {
1336  DCHECK(verifier != nullptr);
1337  MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), method_verifier_lock_);
1338  method_verifiers_.insert(verifier);
1339}
1340
1341void Runtime::RemoveMethodVerifier(verifier::MethodVerifier* verifier) {
1342  DCHECK(verifier != nullptr);
1343  MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), method_verifier_lock_);
1344  auto it = method_verifiers_.find(verifier);
1345  CHECK(it != method_verifiers_.end());
1346  method_verifiers_.erase(it);
1347}
1348
1349void Runtime::StartProfiler(const char* profile_output_filename) {
1350  profile_output_filename_ = profile_output_filename;
1351  profiler_started_ =
1352    BackgroundMethodSamplingProfiler::Start(profile_output_filename_, profiler_options_);
1353}
1354
1355// Transaction support.
1356void Runtime::EnterTransactionMode(Transaction* transaction) {
1357  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1358  DCHECK(transaction != nullptr);
1359  DCHECK(!IsActiveTransaction());
1360  preinitialization_transaction_ = transaction;
1361}
1362
1363void Runtime::ExitTransactionMode() {
1364  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1365  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1366  preinitialization_transaction_ = nullptr;
1367}
1368
1369void Runtime::RecordWriteField32(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
1370                                 uint32_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
1371  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1372  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1373  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteField32(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
1374}
1375
1376void Runtime::RecordWriteField64(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
1377                                 uint64_t value, bool is_volatile) const {
1378  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1379  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1380  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteField64(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
1381}
1382
1383void Runtime::RecordWriteFieldReference(mirror::Object* obj, MemberOffset field_offset,
1384                                        mirror::Object* value, bool is_volatile) const {
1385  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1386  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1387  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteFieldReference(obj, field_offset, value, is_volatile);
1388}
1389
1390void Runtime::RecordWriteArray(mirror::Array* array, size_t index, uint64_t value) const {
1391  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1392  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1393  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWriteArray(array, index, value);
1394}
1395
1396void Runtime::RecordStrongStringInsertion(mirror::String* s) const {
1397  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1398  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1399  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordStrongStringInsertion(s);
1400}
1401
1402void Runtime::RecordWeakStringInsertion(mirror::String* s) const {
1403  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1404  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1405  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWeakStringInsertion(s);
1406}
1407
1408void Runtime::RecordStrongStringRemoval(mirror::String* s) const {
1409  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1410  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1411  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordStrongStringRemoval(s);
1412}
1413
1414void Runtime::RecordWeakStringRemoval(mirror::String* s) const {
1415  DCHECK(IsCompiler());
1416  DCHECK(IsActiveTransaction());
1417  preinitialization_transaction_->RecordWeakStringRemoval(s);
1418}
1419
1420void Runtime::SetFaultMessage(const std::string& message) {
1421  MutexLock mu(Thread::Current(), fault_message_lock_);
1422  fault_message_ = message;
1423}
1424
1425void Runtime::AddCurrentRuntimeFeaturesAsDex2OatArguments(std::vector<std::string>* argv)
1426    const {
1427  if (GetInstrumentation()->InterpretOnly()) {
1428    argv->push_back("--compiler-filter=interpret-only");
1429  }
1430
1431  // Make the dex2oat instruction set match that of the launching runtime. If we have multiple
1432  // architecture support, dex2oat may be compiled as a different instruction-set than that
1433  // currently being executed.
1434  std::string instruction_set("--instruction-set=");
1435  instruction_set += GetInstructionSetString(kRuntimeISA);
1436  argv->push_back(instruction_set);
1437
1438  std::string features("--instruction-set-features=");
1439  features += GetDefaultInstructionSetFeatures();
1440  argv->push_back(features);
1441}
1442
1443void Runtime::UpdateProfilerState(int state) {
1444  VLOG(profiler) << "Profiler state updated to " << state;
1445}
1446}  // namespace art
1447