1dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// Ceres Solver - A fast non-linear least squares minimizer
2dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// Copyright 2010, 2011, 2012 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
3dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// http://code.google.com/p/ceres-solver/
4dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//
5dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
7dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//
8dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
9dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
11dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
12dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may be
14dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//   used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
15dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//   specific prior written permission.
16dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//
17dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
18dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
21dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
22dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
23dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
24dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
25dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
26dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
27dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com//
29dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com// Author: sameeragarwal@google.com (Sameer Agarwal)
30dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
31dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include "ceres/graph_algorithms.h"
32dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
33dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include <algorithm>
34dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include "gtest/gtest.h"
35dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include "ceres/collections_port.h"
36dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include "ceres/graph.h"
37dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include "ceres/internal/port.h"
38dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com#include "ceres/internal/scoped_ptr.h"
39dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
40dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comnamespace ceres {
41dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comnamespace internal {
42dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
43dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comTEST(IndependentSetOrdering, Chain) {
44dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  Graph<int> graph;
45dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(0);
46dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(1);
47dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(2);
48dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(3);
49dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(4);
50dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
51dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 1);
52dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(1, 2);
53dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(2, 3);
54dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(3, 4);
55dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
56dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  // 0-1-2-3-4
57dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  // 0, 2, 4 should be in the independent set.
58dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  vector<int> ordering;
59dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  int independent_set_size = IndependentSetOrdering(graph, &ordering);
60dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
61dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  sort(ordering.begin(), ordering.begin() + 3);
62dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  sort(ordering.begin() + 3, ordering.end());
63dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
64dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(independent_set_size, 3);
65dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering.size(), 5);
66dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[0], 0);
67dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[1], 2);
68dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[2], 4);
69dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[3], 1);
70dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[4], 3);
71dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com}
72dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
73dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comTEST(IndependentSetOrdering, Star) {
74dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  Graph<int> graph;
75dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(0);
76dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(1);
77dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(2);
78dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(3);
79dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(4);
80dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
81dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 1);
82dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 2);
83dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 3);
84dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 4);
85dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
86dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  //      1
87dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  //      |
88dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  //    4-0-2
89dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  //      |
90dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  //      3
91dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  // 1, 2, 3, 4 should be in the indepdendent set.
92dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  vector<int> ordering;
93dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  int independent_set_size = IndependentSetOrdering(graph, &ordering);
94dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(independent_set_size, 4);
95dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering.size(), 5);
96dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[4], 0);
97dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  sort(ordering.begin(), ordering.begin() + 4);
98dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[0], 1);
99dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[1], 2);
100dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[2], 3);
101dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(ordering[3], 4);
102dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com}
103dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
104dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comTEST(Degree2MaximumSpanningForest, PreserveWeights) {
105dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  Graph<int> graph;
106dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(0, 1.0);
107dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(1, 2.0);
108dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 1, 0.5);
109dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(1, 0, 0.5);
110dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
111dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  scoped_ptr<Graph<int> > forest(Degree2MaximumSpanningForest(graph));
112dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
113dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  const HashSet<int>& vertices = forest->vertices();
114dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(vertices.size(), 2);
115dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(forest->VertexWeight(0), 1.0);
116dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(forest->VertexWeight(1), 2.0);
117dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(forest->Neighbors(0).size(), 1.0);
118dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(forest->EdgeWeight(0, 1), 0.5);
119dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com}
120dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
121dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comTEST(Degree2MaximumSpanningForest, StarGraph) {
122dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  Graph<int> graph;
123dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(0);
124dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(1);
125dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(2);
126dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(3);
127dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(4);
128dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
129dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 1, 1.0);
130dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 2, 2.0);
131dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 3, 3.0);
132dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 4, 4.0);
133dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
134dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  scoped_ptr<Graph<int> > forest(Degree2MaximumSpanningForest(graph));
135dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  const HashSet<int>& vertices = forest->vertices();
136dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  EXPECT_EQ(vertices.size(), 5);
137dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
138dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  {
139dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    const HashSet<int>& neighbors = forest->Neighbors(0);
140dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_EQ(neighbors.size(), 2);
141dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_TRUE(neighbors.find(4) != neighbors.end());
142dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_TRUE(neighbors.find(3) != neighbors.end());
143dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
144dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
145dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  {
146dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    const HashSet<int>& neighbors = forest->Neighbors(3);
147dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_EQ(neighbors.size(), 1);
148dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_TRUE(neighbors.find(0) != neighbors.end());
149dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
150dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
151dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  {
152dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    const HashSet<int>& neighbors = forest->Neighbors(4);
153dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_EQ(neighbors.size(), 1);
154dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_TRUE(neighbors.find(0) != neighbors.end());
155dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
156dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
157dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  {
158dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    const HashSet<int>& neighbors = forest->Neighbors(1);
159dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_EQ(neighbors.size(), 0);
160dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
161dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
162dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  {
163dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    const HashSet<int>& neighbors = forest->Neighbors(2);
164dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_EQ(neighbors.size(), 0);
165dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
166dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com}
167dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
168dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comTEST(VertexTotalOrdering, TotalOrdering) {
169dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  Graph<int> graph;
170dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(0);
171dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(1);
172dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(2);
173dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(3);
174dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
175dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  // 0-1
176dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  //   |
177dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  // 2-3
178dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  // 0,1 and 2 have degree 1 and 3 has degree 2.
179dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 1, 1.0);
180dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(2, 3, 1.0);
181dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  VertexTotalOrdering<int> less_than(graph);
182dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
183dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
184dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_FALSE(less_than(i, i)) << "Failing vertex: " << i;
185dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j) {
186dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com      if (i != j) {
187dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com        EXPECT_TRUE(less_than(i, j) ^ less_than(j, i))
188dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com            << "Failing vertex pair: " << i << " " << j;
189dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com      }
190dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    }
191dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
192dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
193dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
194dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_TRUE(less_than(i, 3));
195dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com    EXPECT_FALSE(less_than(3, i));
196dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  }
197dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com}
198dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
199dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
200dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.comTEST(StableIndependentSet, BreakTies) {
201dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  Graph<int> graph;
202dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(0);
203dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(1);
204dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(2);
205dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddVertex(3);
206dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com
207dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 1);
208dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 2);
209dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(0, 3);
210dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(1, 2);
211dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(1, 3);
212dff7e11c2000d6745261de046d76b1500a05ece9reed@google.com  graph.AddEdge(2, 3);
213
214  // Since this is a completely connected graph, the independent set
215  // contains exactly one vertex. StableIndependentSetOrdering
216  // guarantees that it will always be the first vertex in the
217  // ordering vector.
218  {
219    vector<int> ordering;
220    ordering.push_back(0);
221    ordering.push_back(1);
222    ordering.push_back(2);
223    ordering.push_back(3);
224    const int independent_set_size =
225        StableIndependentSetOrdering(graph, &ordering);
226    EXPECT_EQ(independent_set_size, 1);
227    EXPECT_EQ(ordering[0], 0);
228  }
229
230  {
231    vector<int> ordering;
232    ordering.push_back(1);
233    ordering.push_back(0);
234    ordering.push_back(2);
235    ordering.push_back(3);
236    const int independent_set_size =
237        StableIndependentSetOrdering(graph, &ordering);
238    EXPECT_EQ(independent_set_size, 1);
239    EXPECT_EQ(ordering[0], 1);
240  }
241
242}
243}  // namespace internal
244}  // namespace ceres
245