xref: /external/icu/icu4c/source/common/utf_impl.c

/*
******************************************************************************
*
*   Copyright (C) 1999-2012, International Business Machines
*   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
*
******************************************************************************
*   file name:  utf_impl.c
*   encoding:   US-ASCII
*   tab size:   8 (not used)
*   indentation:4
*
*   created on: 1999sep13
*   created by: Markus W. Scherer
*
*   This file provides implementation functions for macros in the utfXX.h
*   that would otherwise be too long as macros.
*/

/* set import/export definitions */
#ifndef U_UTF8_IMPL
#   define U_UTF8_IMPL
#endif

#include "unicode/utypes.h"
#include "unicode/utf.h"
#include "unicode/utf8.h"
#include "unicode/utf_old.h"
#include "uassert.h"

/*
 * This table could be replaced on many machines by
 * a few lines of assembler code using an
 * "index of first 0-bit from msb" instruction and
 * one or two more integer instructions.
 *
 * For example, on an i386, do something like
 * - MOV AL, leadByte
 * - NOT AL         (8-bit, leave b15..b8==0..0, reverse only b7..b0)
 * - MOV AH, 0
 * - BSR BX, AX     (16-bit)
 * - MOV AX, 6      (result)
 * - JZ finish      (ZF==1 if leadByte==0xff)
 * - SUB AX, BX (result)
 * -finish:
 * (BSR: Bit Scan Reverse, scans for a 1-bit, starting from the MSB)
 *
 * In Unicode, all UTF-8 byte sequences with more than 4 bytes are illegal;
 * lead bytes above 0xf4 are illegal.
 * We keep them in this table for skipping long ISO 10646-UTF-8 sequences.
 */
U_EXPORT const uint8_t
utf8_countTrailBytes[256]={
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,

    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,

    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,

    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,

    2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
    3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
    3, 3, 3,    /* illegal in Unicode */
    4, 4, 4, 4, /* illegal in Unicode */
    5, 5,       /* illegal in Unicode */
    0, 0        /* illegal bytes 0xfe and 0xff */
};

static const UChar32
utf8_minLegal[4]={ 0, 0x80, 0x800, 0x10000 };

static const UChar32
utf8_errorValue[6]={
    UTF8_ERROR_VALUE_1, UTF8_ERROR_VALUE_2, UTF_ERROR_VALUE, 0x10ffff,
    0x3ffffff, 0x7fffffff
};

static UChar32
errorValue(int32_t count, int8_t strict) {
    if(strict>=0) {
        return utf8_errorValue[count];
    } else if(strict==-3) {
        return 0xfffd;
    } else {
        return U_SENTINEL;
    }
}

/*
 * Handle the non-inline part of the U8_NEXT() and U8_NEXT_FFFD() macros
 * and their obsolete sibling UTF8_NEXT_CHAR_SAFE().
 *
 * U8_NEXT() supports NUL-terminated strings indicated via length<0.
 *
 * The "strict" parameter controls the error behavior:
 * <0  "Safe" behavior of U8_NEXT():
 *     -1: All illegal byte sequences yield U_SENTINEL=-1.
 *     -2: Same as -1, except for lenient treatment of surrogate code points as legal.
 *         Some implementations use this for roundtripping of
 *         Unicode 16-bit strings that are not well-formed UTF-16, that is, they
 *         contain unpaired surrogates.
 *     -3: All illegal byte sequences yield U+FFFD.
 *  0  Obsolete "safe" behavior of UTF8_NEXT_CHAR_SAFE(..., FALSE):
 *     All illegal byte sequences yield a positive code point such that this
 *     result code point would be encoded with the same number of bytes as
 *     the illegal sequence.
 * >0  Obsolete "strict" behavior of UTF8_NEXT_CHAR_SAFE(..., TRUE):
 *     Same as the obsolete "safe" behavior, but non-characters are also treated
 *     like illegal sequences.
 *
 * Note that a UBool is the same as an int8_t.
 */
U_CAPI UChar32 U_EXPORT2
utf8_nextCharSafeBody(const uint8_t *s, int32_t *pi, int32_t length, UChar32 c, UBool strict) {
    int32_t i=*pi;
    uint8_t count=U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES(c);
    U_ASSERT(count <= 5); /* U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES returns value 0...5 */
    if(i+count<=length || length<0) {
        uint8_t trail;

        U8_MASK_LEAD_BYTE(c, count);
        /* support NUL-terminated strings: do not read beyond the first non-trail byte */
        switch(count) {
        /* each branch falls through to the next one */
        case 0:
            /* count==0 for illegally leading trail bytes and the illegal bytes 0xfe and 0xff */
        case 5:
        case 4:
            /* count>=4 is always illegal: no more than 3 trail bytes in Unicode's UTF-8 */
            break;
        case 3:
            trail=s[i++]-0x80;
            c=(c<<6)|trail;
            /* c>=0x110 would result in code point>0x10ffff, outside Unicode */
            if(c>=0x110 || trail>0x3f) { break; }
        case 2:
            trail=s[i++]-0x80;
            c=(c<<6)|trail;
            /*
             * test for a surrogate d800..dfff unless we are lenient:
             * before the last (c<<6), a surrogate is c=360..37f
             */
            if(((c&0xffe0)==0x360 && strict!=-2) || trail>0x3f) { break; }
        case 1:
            trail=s[i++]-0x80;
            c=(c<<6)|trail;
            if(trail>0x3f) { break; }
            /* correct sequence - all trail bytes have (b7..b6)==(10) */
            if(c>=utf8_minLegal[count] &&
                    /* strict: forbid non-characters like U+fffe */
                    (strict<=0 || !U_IS_UNICODE_NONCHAR(c))) {
                *pi=i;
                return c;
            }
        /* no default branch to optimize switch()  - all values are covered */
        }
    } else {
        /* too few bytes left */
        count=length-i;
    }

    /* error handling */
    i=*pi;
    while(count>0 && U8_IS_TRAIL(s[i])) {
        ++i;
        --count;
    }
    c=errorValue(i-*pi, strict);
    *pi=i;
    return c;
}

U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
utf8_appendCharSafeBody(uint8_t *s, int32_t i, int32_t length, UChar32 c, UBool *pIsError) {
    if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x7ff) {
        if((i)+1<(length)) {
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>6)|0xc0);
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)&0x3f)|0x80);
            return i;
        }
    } else if((uint32_t)(c)<=0xffff) {
        /* Starting with Unicode 3.2, surrogate code points must not be encoded in UTF-8. */
        if((i)+2<(length) && !U_IS_SURROGATE(c)) {
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>12)|0xe0);
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)((((c)>>6)&0x3f)|0x80);
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)&0x3f)|0x80);
            return i;
        }
    } else if((uint32_t)(c)<=0x10ffff) {
        if((i)+3<(length)) {
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)>>18)|0xf0);
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)((((c)>>12)&0x3f)|0x80);
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)((((c)>>6)&0x3f)|0x80);
            (s)[(i)++]=(uint8_t)(((c)&0x3f)|0x80);
            return i;
        }
    }
    /* c>0x10ffff or not enough space, write an error value */
    if(pIsError!=NULL) {
        *pIsError=TRUE;
    } else {
        length-=i;
        if(length>0) {
            int32_t offset;
            if(length>3) {
                length=3;
            }
            s+=i;
            offset=0;
            c=utf8_errorValue[length-1];
            UTF8_APPEND_CHAR_UNSAFE(s, offset, c);
            i=i+offset;
        }
    }
    return i;
}

U_CAPI UChar32 U_EXPORT2
utf8_prevCharSafeBody(const uint8_t *s, int32_t start, int32_t *pi, UChar32 c, UBool strict) {
    int32_t i=*pi;
    uint8_t b, count=1, shift=6;

    if(!U8_IS_TRAIL(c)) { return errorValue(0, strict); }

    /* extract value bits from the last trail byte */
    c&=0x3f;

    for(;;) {
        if(i<=start) {
            /* no lead byte at all */
            return errorValue(0, strict);
        }

        /* read another previous byte */
        b=s[--i];
        if((uint8_t)(b-0x80)<0x7e) { /* 0x80<=b<0xfe */
            if(b&0x40) {
                /* lead byte, this will always end the loop */
                uint8_t shouldCount=U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES(b);

                if(count==shouldCount) {
                    /* set the new position */
                    *pi=i;
                    U8_MASK_LEAD_BYTE(b, count);
                    c|=(UChar32)b<<shift;
                    if(count>=4 || c>0x10ffff || c<utf8_minLegal[count] || (U_IS_SURROGATE(c) && strict!=-2) || (strict>0 && U_IS_UNICODE_NONCHAR(c))) {
                        /* illegal sequence or (strict and non-character) */
                        if(count>=4) {
                            count=3;
                        }
                        c=errorValue(count, strict);
                    } else {
                        /* exit with correct c */
                    }
                } else {
                    /* the lead byte does not match the number of trail bytes */
                    /* only set the position to the lead byte if it would
                       include the trail byte that we started with */
                    if(count<shouldCount) {
                        *pi=i;
                        c=errorValue(count, strict);
                    } else {
                        c=errorValue(0, strict);
                    }
                }
                break;
            } else if(count<5) {
                /* trail byte */
                c|=(UChar32)(b&0x3f)<<shift;
                ++count;
                shift+=6;
            } else {
                /* more than 5 trail bytes is illegal */
                c=errorValue(0, strict);
                break;
            }
        } else {
            /* single-byte character precedes trailing bytes */
            c=errorValue(0, strict);
            break;
        }
    }
    return c;
}

U_CAPI int32_t U_EXPORT2
utf8_back1SafeBody(const uint8_t *s, int32_t start, int32_t i) {
    /* i had been decremented once before the function call */
    int32_t I=i, Z;
    uint8_t b;

    /* read at most the 6 bytes s[Z] to s[i], inclusively */
    if(I-5>start) {
        Z=I-5;
    } else {
        Z=start;
    }

    /* return I if the sequence starting there is long enough to include i */
    do {
        b=s[I];
        if((uint8_t)(b-0x80)>=0x7e) { /* not 0x80<=b<0xfe */
            break;
        } else if(b>=0xc0) {
            if(U8_COUNT_TRAIL_BYTES(b)>=(i-I)) {
                return I;
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
    } while(Z<=--I);

    /* return i itself to be consistent with the FWD_1 macro */
    return i;
}