1// Set implementation -*- C++ -*-
2
3// Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
4// Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5//
6// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
7// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
8// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
9// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10// any later version.
11
12// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15// GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
18// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
19// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
20
21// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
22// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
23// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
24// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25
26/*
27 *
28 * Copyright (c) 1994
29 * Hewlett-Packard Company
30 *
31 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
32 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
33 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
34 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
35 * in supporting documentation.  Hewlett-Packard Company makes no
36 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
37 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
38 *
39 *
40 * Copyright (c) 1996,1997
41 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
42 *
43 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
44 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
45 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
46 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
47 * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
48 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
49 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
50 */
51
52/** @file stl_set.h
53 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
54 *  You should not attempt to use it directly.
55 */
56
57#ifndef _STL_SET_H
58#define _STL_SET_H 1
59
60#include <bits/concept_check.h>
61#include <initializer_list>
62
63_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NESTED_NAMESPACE(std, _GLIBCXX_STD_D)
64
65  /**
66   *  @brief A standard container made up of unique keys, which can be
67   *  retrieved in logarithmic time.
68   *
69   *  @ingroup associative_containers
70   *
71   *  Meets the requirements of a <a href="tables.html#65">container</a>, a
72   *  <a href="tables.html#66">reversible container</a>, and an
73   *  <a href="tables.html#69">associative container</a> (using unique keys).
74   *
75   *  Sets support bidirectional iterators.
76   *
77   *  @param  Key  Type of key objects.
78   *  @param  Compare  Comparison function object type, defaults to less<Key>.
79   *  @param  Alloc  Allocator type, defaults to allocator<Key>.
80   *
81   *  The private tree data is declared exactly the same way for set and
82   *  multiset; the distinction is made entirely in how the tree functions are
83   *  called (*_unique versus *_equal, same as the standard).
84  */
85  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare = std::less<_Key>,
86	   typename _Alloc = std::allocator<_Key> >
87    class set
88    {
89      // concept requirements
90      typedef typename _Alloc::value_type                   _Alloc_value_type;
91      __glibcxx_class_requires(_Key, _SGIAssignableConcept)
92      __glibcxx_class_requires4(_Compare, bool, _Key, _Key,
93				_BinaryFunctionConcept)
94      __glibcxx_class_requires2(_Key, _Alloc_value_type, _SameTypeConcept)
95
96    public:
97      // typedefs:
98      //@{
99      /// Public typedefs.
100      typedef _Key     key_type;
101      typedef _Key     value_type;
102      typedef _Compare key_compare;
103      typedef _Compare value_compare;
104      typedef _Alloc   allocator_type;
105      //@}
106
107    private:
108      typedef typename _Alloc::template rebind<_Key>::other _Key_alloc_type;
109
110      typedef _Rb_tree<key_type, value_type, _Identity<value_type>,
111		       key_compare, _Key_alloc_type> _Rep_type;
112      _Rep_type _M_t;  // Red-black tree representing set.
113
114    public:
115      //@{
116      ///  Iterator-related typedefs.
117      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::pointer             pointer;
118      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::const_pointer       const_pointer;
119      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::reference           reference;
120      typedef typename _Key_alloc_type::const_reference     const_reference;
121      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
122      // DR 103. set::iterator is required to be modifiable,
123      // but this allows modification of keys.
124      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_iterator            iterator;
125      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_iterator            const_iterator;
126      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_reverse_iterator    reverse_iterator;
127      typedef typename _Rep_type::const_reverse_iterator    const_reverse_iterator;
128      typedef typename _Rep_type::size_type                 size_type;
129      typedef typename _Rep_type::difference_type           difference_type;
130      //@}
131
132      // allocation/deallocation
133      /**
134       *  @brief  Default constructor creates no elements.
135       */
136      set()
137      : _M_t() { }
138
139      /**
140       *  @brief  Creates a %set with no elements.
141       *  @param  comp  Comparator to use.
142       *  @param  a  An allocator object.
143       */
144      explicit
145      set(const _Compare& __comp,
146	  const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
147      : _M_t(__comp, __a) { }
148
149      /**
150       *  @brief  Builds a %set from a range.
151       *  @param  first  An input iterator.
152       *  @param  last  An input iterator.
153       *
154       *  Create a %set consisting of copies of the elements from [first,last).
155       *  This is linear in N if the range is already sorted, and NlogN
156       *  otherwise (where N is distance(first,last)).
157       */
158      template<typename _InputIterator>
159        set(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
160	: _M_t()
161        { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__first, __last); }
162
163      /**
164       *  @brief  Builds a %set from a range.
165       *  @param  first  An input iterator.
166       *  @param  last  An input iterator.
167       *  @param  comp  A comparison functor.
168       *  @param  a  An allocator object.
169       *
170       *  Create a %set consisting of copies of the elements from [first,last).
171       *  This is linear in N if the range is already sorted, and NlogN
172       *  otherwise (where N is distance(first,last)).
173       */
174      template<typename _InputIterator>
175        set(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
176	    const _Compare& __comp,
177	    const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
178	: _M_t(__comp, __a)
179        { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__first, __last); }
180
181      /**
182       *  @brief  %Set copy constructor.
183       *  @param  x  A %set of identical element and allocator types.
184       *
185       *  The newly-created %set uses a copy of the allocation object used
186       *  by @a x.
187       */
188      set(const set& __x)
189      : _M_t(__x._M_t) { }
190
191#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
192     /**
193       *  @brief %Set move constructor
194       *  @param x  A %set of identical element and allocator types.
195       *
196       *  The newly-created %set contains the exact contents of @a x.
197       *  The contents of @a x are a valid, but unspecified %set.
198       */
199      set(set&& __x)
200      : _M_t(std::forward<_Rep_type>(__x._M_t)) { }
201
202      /**
203       *  @brief  Builds a %set from an initializer_list.
204       *  @param  l  An initializer_list.
205       *  @param  comp  A comparison functor.
206       *  @param  a  An allocator object.
207       *
208       *  Create a %set consisting of copies of the elements in the list.
209       *  This is linear in N if the list is already sorted, and NlogN
210       *  otherwise (where N is @a l.size()).
211       */
212      set(initializer_list<value_type> __l,
213	  const _Compare& __comp = _Compare(),
214	  const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
215      : _M_t(__comp, __a)
216      { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__l.begin(), __l.end()); }
217#endif
218
219      /**
220       *  @brief  %Set assignment operator.
221       *  @param  x  A %set of identical element and allocator types.
222       *
223       *  All the elements of @a x are copied, but unlike the copy constructor,
224       *  the allocator object is not copied.
225       */
226      set&
227      operator=(const set& __x)
228      {
229	_M_t = __x._M_t;
230	return *this;
231      }
232
233#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
234      /**
235       *  @brief %Set move assignment operator.
236       *  @param x  A %set of identical element and allocator types.
237       *
238       *  The contents of @a x are moved into this %set (without copying).
239       *  @a x is a valid, but unspecified %set.
240       */
241      set&
242      operator=(set&& __x)
243      {
244	// NB: DR 675.
245	this->clear();
246	this->swap(__x);
247	return *this;
248      }
249
250      /**
251       *  @brief  %Set list assignment operator.
252       *  @param  l  An initializer_list.
253       *
254       *  This function fills a %set with copies of the elements in the
255       *  initializer list @a l.
256       *
257       *  Note that the assignment completely changes the %set and
258       *  that the resulting %set's size is the same as the number
259       *  of elements assigned.  Old data may be lost.
260       */
261      set&
262      operator=(initializer_list<value_type> __l)
263      {
264	this->clear();
265	this->insert(__l.begin(), __l.end());
266	return *this;
267      }
268#endif
269
270      // accessors:
271
272      ///  Returns the comparison object with which the %set was constructed.
273      key_compare
274      key_comp() const
275      { return _M_t.key_comp(); }
276      ///  Returns the comparison object with which the %set was constructed.
277      value_compare
278      value_comp() const
279      { return _M_t.key_comp(); }
280      ///  Returns the allocator object with which the %set was constructed.
281      allocator_type
282      get_allocator() const
283      { return _M_t.get_allocator(); }
284
285      /**
286       *  Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the first
287       *  element in the %set.  Iteration is done in ascending order according
288       *  to the keys.
289       */
290      iterator
291      begin() const
292      { return _M_t.begin(); }
293
294      /**
295       *  Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the last
296       *  element in the %set.  Iteration is done in ascending order according
297       *  to the keys.
298       */
299      iterator
300      end() const
301      { return _M_t.end(); }
302
303      /**
304       *  Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the last
305       *  element in the %set.  Iteration is done in descending order according
306       *  to the keys.
307       */
308      reverse_iterator
309      rbegin() const
310      { return _M_t.rbegin(); }
311
312      /**
313       *  Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points to the
314       *  last pair in the %set.  Iteration is done in descending order
315       *  according to the keys.
316       */
317      reverse_iterator
318      rend() const
319      { return _M_t.rend(); }
320
321#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
322      /**
323       *  Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the first
324       *  element in the %set.  Iteration is done in ascending order according
325       *  to the keys.
326       */
327      iterator
328      cbegin() const
329      { return _M_t.begin(); }
330
331      /**
332       *  Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points one past the last
333       *  element in the %set.  Iteration is done in ascending order according
334       *  to the keys.
335       */
336      iterator
337      cend() const
338      { return _M_t.end(); }
339
340      /**
341       *  Returns a read-only (constant) iterator that points to the last
342       *  element in the %set.  Iteration is done in descending order according
343       *  to the keys.
344       */
345      reverse_iterator
346      crbegin() const
347      { return _M_t.rbegin(); }
348
349      /**
350       *  Returns a read-only (constant) reverse iterator that points to the
351       *  last pair in the %set.  Iteration is done in descending order
352       *  according to the keys.
353       */
354      reverse_iterator
355      crend() const
356      { return _M_t.rend(); }
357#endif
358
359      ///  Returns true if the %set is empty.
360      bool
361      empty() const
362      { return _M_t.empty(); }
363
364      ///  Returns the size of the %set.
365      size_type
366      size() const
367      { return _M_t.size(); }
368
369      ///  Returns the maximum size of the %set.
370      size_type
371      max_size() const
372      { return _M_t.max_size(); }
373
374      /**
375       *  @brief  Swaps data with another %set.
376       *  @param  x  A %set of the same element and allocator types.
377       *
378       *  This exchanges the elements between two sets in constant time.
379       *  (It is only swapping a pointer, an integer, and an instance of
380       *  the @c Compare type (which itself is often stateless and empty), so it
381       *  should be quite fast.)
382       *  Note that the global std::swap() function is specialized such that
383       *  std::swap(s1,s2) will feed to this function.
384       */
385      void
386#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
387      swap(set&& __x)
388#else
389      swap(set& __x)
390#endif
391      { _M_t.swap(__x._M_t); }
392
393      // insert/erase
394      /**
395       *  @brief Attempts to insert an element into the %set.
396       *  @param  x  Element to be inserted.
397       *  @return  A pair, of which the first element is an iterator that points
398       *           to the possibly inserted element, and the second is a bool
399       *           that is true if the element was actually inserted.
400       *
401       *  This function attempts to insert an element into the %set.  A %set
402       *  relies on unique keys and thus an element is only inserted if it is
403       *  not already present in the %set.
404       *
405       *  Insertion requires logarithmic time.
406       */
407      std::pair<iterator, bool>
408      insert(const value_type& __x)
409      {
410	std::pair<typename _Rep_type::iterator, bool> __p =
411	  _M_t._M_insert_unique(__x);
412	return std::pair<iterator, bool>(__p.first, __p.second);
413      }
414
415      /**
416       *  @brief Attempts to insert an element into the %set.
417       *  @param  position  An iterator that serves as a hint as to where the
418       *                    element should be inserted.
419       *  @param  x  Element to be inserted.
420       *  @return  An iterator that points to the element with key of @a x (may
421       *           or may not be the element passed in).
422       *
423       *  This function is not concerned about whether the insertion took place,
424       *  and thus does not return a boolean like the single-argument insert()
425       *  does.  Note that the first parameter is only a hint and can
426       *  potentially improve the performance of the insertion process.  A bad
427       *  hint would cause no gains in efficiency.
428       *
429       *  For more on "hinting", see:
430       *  http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/bk01pt07ch17.html
431       *
432       *  Insertion requires logarithmic time (if the hint is not taken).
433       */
434      iterator
435      insert(iterator __position, const value_type& __x)
436      { return _M_t._M_insert_unique_(__position, __x); }
437
438      /**
439       *  @brief A template function that attempts to insert a range
440       *  of elements.
441       *  @param  first  Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
442       *                 inserted.
443       *  @param  last  Iterator pointing to the end of the range.
444       *
445       *  Complexity similar to that of the range constructor.
446       */
447      template<typename _InputIterator>
448        void
449        insert(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last)
450        { _M_t._M_insert_unique(__first, __last); }
451
452#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
453      /**
454       *  @brief Attempts to insert a list of elements into the %set.
455       *  @param  list  A std::initializer_list<value_type> of elements
456       *                to be inserted.
457       *
458       *  Complexity similar to that of the range constructor.
459       */
460      void
461      insert(initializer_list<value_type> __l)
462      { this->insert(__l.begin(), __l.end()); }
463#endif
464
465      /**
466       *  @brief Erases an element from a %set.
467       *  @param  position  An iterator pointing to the element to be erased.
468       *
469       *  This function erases an element, pointed to by the given iterator,
470       *  from a %set.  Note that this function only erases the element, and
471       *  that if the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not
472       *  touched in any way.  Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
473       */
474      void
475      erase(iterator __position)
476      { _M_t.erase(__position); }
477
478      /**
479       *  @brief Erases elements according to the provided key.
480       *  @param  x  Key of element to be erased.
481       *  @return  The number of elements erased.
482       *
483       *  This function erases all the elements located by the given key from
484       *  a %set.
485       *  Note that this function only erases the element, and that if
486       *  the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not touched
487       *  in any way.  Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
488       */
489      size_type
490      erase(const key_type& __x)
491      { return _M_t.erase(__x); }
492
493      /**
494       *  @brief Erases a [first,last) range of elements from a %set.
495       *  @param  first  Iterator pointing to the start of the range to be
496       *                 erased.
497       *  @param  last  Iterator pointing to the end of the range to be erased.
498       *
499       *  This function erases a sequence of elements from a %set.
500       *  Note that this function only erases the element, and that if
501       *  the element is itself a pointer, the pointed-to memory is not touched
502       *  in any way.  Managing the pointer is the user's responsibility.
503       */
504      void
505      erase(iterator __first, iterator __last)
506      { _M_t.erase(__first, __last); }
507
508      /**
509       *  Erases all elements in a %set.  Note that this function only erases
510       *  the elements, and that if the elements themselves are pointers, the
511       *  pointed-to memory is not touched in any way.  Managing the pointer is
512       *  the user's responsibility.
513       */
514      void
515      clear()
516      { _M_t.clear(); }
517
518      // set operations:
519
520      /**
521       *  @brief  Finds the number of elements.
522       *  @param  x  Element to located.
523       *  @return  Number of elements with specified key.
524       *
525       *  This function only makes sense for multisets; for set the result will
526       *  either be 0 (not present) or 1 (present).
527       */
528      size_type
529      count(const key_type& __x) const
530      { return _M_t.find(__x) == _M_t.end() ? 0 : 1; }
531
532      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
533      // 214.  set::find() missing const overload
534      //@{
535      /**
536       *  @brief Tries to locate an element in a %set.
537       *  @param  x  Element to be located.
538       *  @return  Iterator pointing to sought-after element, or end() if not
539       *           found.
540       *
541       *  This function takes a key and tries to locate the element with which
542       *  the key matches.  If successful the function returns an iterator
543       *  pointing to the sought after element.  If unsuccessful it returns the
544       *  past-the-end ( @c end() ) iterator.
545       */
546      iterator
547      find(const key_type& __x)
548      { return _M_t.find(__x); }
549
550      const_iterator
551      find(const key_type& __x) const
552      { return _M_t.find(__x); }
553      //@}
554
555      //@{
556      /**
557       *  @brief Finds the beginning of a subsequence matching given key.
558       *  @param  x  Key to be located.
559       *  @return  Iterator pointing to first element equal to or greater
560       *           than key, or end().
561       *
562       *  This function returns the first element of a subsequence of elements
563       *  that matches the given key.  If unsuccessful it returns an iterator
564       *  pointing to the first element that has a greater value than given key
565       *  or end() if no such element exists.
566       */
567      iterator
568      lower_bound(const key_type& __x)
569      { return _M_t.lower_bound(__x); }
570
571      const_iterator
572      lower_bound(const key_type& __x) const
573      { return _M_t.lower_bound(__x); }
574      //@}
575
576      //@{
577      /**
578       *  @brief Finds the end of a subsequence matching given key.
579       *  @param  x  Key to be located.
580       *  @return Iterator pointing to the first element
581       *          greater than key, or end().
582       */
583      iterator
584      upper_bound(const key_type& __x)
585      { return _M_t.upper_bound(__x); }
586
587      const_iterator
588      upper_bound(const key_type& __x) const
589      { return _M_t.upper_bound(__x); }
590      //@}
591
592      //@{
593      /**
594       *  @brief Finds a subsequence matching given key.
595       *  @param  x  Key to be located.
596       *  @return  Pair of iterators that possibly points to the subsequence
597       *           matching given key.
598       *
599       *  This function is equivalent to
600       *  @code
601       *    std::make_pair(c.lower_bound(val),
602       *                   c.upper_bound(val))
603       *  @endcode
604       *  (but is faster than making the calls separately).
605       *
606       *  This function probably only makes sense for multisets.
607       */
608      std::pair<iterator, iterator>
609      equal_range(const key_type& __x)
610      { return _M_t.equal_range(__x); }
611
612      std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
613      equal_range(const key_type& __x) const
614      { return _M_t.equal_range(__x); }
615      //@}
616
617      template<typename _K1, typename _C1, typename _A1>
618        friend bool
619        operator==(const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&, const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&);
620
621      template<typename _K1, typename _C1, typename _A1>
622        friend bool
623        operator<(const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&, const set<_K1, _C1, _A1>&);
624    };
625
626
627  /**
628   *  @brief  Set equality comparison.
629   *  @param  x  A %set.
630   *  @param  y  A %set of the same type as @a x.
631   *  @return  True iff the size and elements of the sets are equal.
632   *
633   *  This is an equivalence relation.  It is linear in the size of the sets.
634   *  Sets are considered equivalent if their sizes are equal, and if
635   *  corresponding elements compare equal.
636  */
637  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
638    inline bool
639    operator==(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
640	       const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
641    { return __x._M_t == __y._M_t; }
642
643  /**
644   *  @brief  Set ordering relation.
645   *  @param  x  A %set.
646   *  @param  y  A %set of the same type as @a x.
647   *  @return  True iff @a x is lexicographically less than @a y.
648   *
649   *  This is a total ordering relation.  It is linear in the size of the
650   *  maps.  The elements must be comparable with @c <.
651   *
652   *  See std::lexicographical_compare() for how the determination is made.
653  */
654  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
655    inline bool
656    operator<(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
657	      const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
658    { return __x._M_t < __y._M_t; }
659
660  ///  Returns !(x == y).
661  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
662    inline bool
663    operator!=(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
664	       const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
665    { return !(__x == __y); }
666
667  ///  Returns y < x.
668  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
669    inline bool
670    operator>(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
671	      const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
672    { return __y < __x; }
673
674  ///  Returns !(y < x)
675  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
676    inline bool
677    operator<=(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
678	       const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
679    { return !(__y < __x); }
680
681  ///  Returns !(x < y)
682  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
683    inline bool
684    operator>=(const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x,
685	       const set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
686    { return !(__x < __y); }
687
688  /// See std::set::swap().
689  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
690    inline void
691    swap(set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x, set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
692    { __x.swap(__y); }
693
694#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
695  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
696    inline void
697    swap(set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>&& __x, set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __y)
698    { __x.swap(__y); }
699
700  template<typename _Key, typename _Compare, typename _Alloc>
701    inline void
702    swap(set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>& __x, set<_Key, _Compare, _Alloc>&& __y)
703    { __x.swap(__y); }
704#endif
705
706_GLIBCXX_END_NESTED_NAMESPACE
707
708#endif /* _STL_SET_H */
709