1/*
2 * Written by Doug Lea and Josh Bloch with assistance from members of JCP
3 * JSR-166 Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
4 * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
5 */
6
7package java.util;
8
9// BEGIN android-note
10// removed link to collections framework docs
11// END android-note
12
13/**
14 * A {@link SortedSet} extended with navigation methods reporting
15 * closest matches for given search targets. Methods {@code lower},
16 * {@code floor}, {@code ceiling}, and {@code higher} return elements
17 * respectively less than, less than or equal, greater than or equal,
18 * and greater than a given element, returning {@code null} if there
19 * is no such element.  A {@code NavigableSet} may be accessed and
20 * traversed in either ascending or descending order.  The {@code
21 * descendingSet} method returns a view of the set with the senses of
22 * all relational and directional methods inverted. The performance of
23 * ascending operations and views is likely to be faster than that of
24 * descending ones.  This interface additionally defines methods
25 * {@code pollFirst} and {@code pollLast} that return and remove the
26 * lowest and highest element, if one exists, else returning {@code
27 * null}.  Methods {@code subSet}, {@code headSet},
28 * and {@code tailSet} differ from the like-named {@code
29 * SortedSet} methods in accepting additional arguments describing
30 * whether lower and upper bounds are inclusive versus exclusive.
31 * Subsets of any {@code NavigableSet} must implement the {@code
32 * NavigableSet} interface.
33 *
34 * <p> The return values of navigation methods may be ambiguous in
35 * implementations that permit {@code null} elements. However, even
36 * in this case the result can be disambiguated by checking
37 * {@code contains(null)}. To avoid such issues, implementations of
38 * this interface are encouraged to <em>not</em> permit insertion of
39 * {@code null} elements. (Note that sorted sets of {@link
40 * Comparable} elements intrinsically do not permit {@code null}.)
41 *
42 * <p>Methods
43 * {@link #subSet(Object, Object) subSet(E, E)},
44 * {@link #headSet(Object) headSet(E)}, and
45 * {@link #tailSet(Object) tailSet(E)}
46 * are specified to return {@code SortedSet} to allow existing
47 * implementations of {@code SortedSet} to be compatibly retrofitted to
48 * implement {@code NavigableSet}, but extensions and implementations
49 * of this interface are encouraged to override these methods to return
50 * {@code NavigableSet}.
51 *
52 * @author Doug Lea
53 * @author Josh Bloch
54 * @param <E> the type of elements maintained by this set
55 * @since 1.6
56 */
57public interface NavigableSet<E> extends SortedSet<E> {
58    /**
59     * Returns the greatest element in this set strictly less than the
60     * given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
61     *
62     * @param e the value to match
63     * @return the greatest element less than {@code e},
64     *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
65     * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
66     *         compared with the elements currently in the set
67     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
68     *         and this set does not permit null elements
69     */
70    E lower(E e);
71
72    /**
73     * Returns the greatest element in this set less than or equal to
74     * the given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
75     *
76     * @param e the value to match
77     * @return the greatest element less than or equal to {@code e},
78     *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
79     * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
80     *         compared with the elements currently in the set
81     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
82     *         and this set does not permit null elements
83     */
84    E floor(E e);
85
86    /**
87     * Returns the least element in this set greater than or equal to
88     * the given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
89     *
90     * @param e the value to match
91     * @return the least element greater than or equal to {@code e},
92     *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
93     * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
94     *         compared with the elements currently in the set
95     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
96     *         and this set does not permit null elements
97     */
98    E ceiling(E e);
99
100    /**
101     * Returns the least element in this set strictly greater than the
102     * given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
103     *
104     * @param e the value to match
105     * @return the least element greater than {@code e},
106     *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
107     * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
108     *         compared with the elements currently in the set
109     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
110     *         and this set does not permit null elements
111     */
112    E higher(E e);
113
114    /**
115     * Retrieves and removes the first (lowest) element,
116     * or returns {@code null} if this set is empty.
117     *
118     * @return the first element, or {@code null} if this set is empty
119     */
120    E pollFirst();
121
122    /**
123     * Retrieves and removes the last (highest) element,
124     * or returns {@code null} if this set is empty.
125     *
126     * @return the last element, or {@code null} if this set is empty
127     */
128    E pollLast();
129
130    /**
131     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this set, in ascending order.
132     *
133     * @return an iterator over the elements in this set, in ascending order
134     */
135    Iterator<E> iterator();
136
137    /**
138     * Returns a reverse order view of the elements contained in this set.
139     * The descending set is backed by this set, so changes to the set are
140     * reflected in the descending set, and vice-versa.  If either set is
141     * modified while an iteration over either set is in progress (except
142     * through the iterator's own {@code remove} operation), the results of
143     * the iteration are undefined.
144     *
145     * <p>The returned set has an ordering equivalent to
146     * <tt>{@link Collections#reverseOrder(Comparator) Collections.reverseOrder}(comparator())</tt>.
147     * The expression {@code s.descendingSet().descendingSet()} returns a
148     * view of {@code s} essentially equivalent to {@code s}.
149     *
150     * @return a reverse order view of this set
151     */
152    NavigableSet<E> descendingSet();
153
154    /**
155     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this set, in descending order.
156     * Equivalent in effect to {@code descendingSet().iterator()}.
157     *
158     * @return an iterator over the elements in this set, in descending order
159     */
160    Iterator<E> descendingIterator();
161
162    /**
163     * Returns a view of the portion of this set whose elements range from
164     * {@code fromElement} to {@code toElement}.  If {@code fromElement} and
165     * {@code toElement} are equal, the returned set is empty unless {@code
166     * fromExclusive} and {@code toExclusive} are both true.  The returned set
167     * is backed by this set, so changes in the returned set are reflected in
168     * this set, and vice-versa.  The returned set supports all optional set
169     * operations that this set supports.
170     *
171     * <p>The returned set will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException}
172     * on an attempt to insert an element outside its range.
173     *
174     * @param fromElement low endpoint of the returned set
175     * @param fromInclusive {@code true} if the low endpoint
176     *        is to be included in the returned view
177     * @param toElement high endpoint of the returned set
178     * @param toInclusive {@code true} if the high endpoint
179     *        is to be included in the returned view
180     * @return a view of the portion of this set whose elements range from
181     *         {@code fromElement}, inclusive, to {@code toElement}, exclusive
182     * @throws ClassCastException if {@code fromElement} and
183     *         {@code toElement} cannot be compared to one another using this
184     *         set's comparator (or, if the set has no comparator, using
185     *         natural ordering).  Implementations may, but are not required
186     *         to, throw this exception if {@code fromElement} or
187     *         {@code toElement} cannot be compared to elements currently in
188     *         the set.
189     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} or
190     *         {@code toElement} is null and this set does
191     *         not permit null elements
192     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code fromElement} is
193     *         greater than {@code toElement}; or if this set itself
194     *         has a restricted range, and {@code fromElement} or
195     *         {@code toElement} lies outside the bounds of the range.
196     */
197    NavigableSet<E> subSet(E fromElement, boolean fromInclusive,
198                           E toElement,   boolean toInclusive);
199
200    /**
201     * Returns a view of the portion of this set whose elements are less than
202     * (or equal to, if {@code inclusive} is true) {@code toElement}.  The
203     * returned set is backed by this set, so changes in the returned set are
204     * reflected in this set, and vice-versa.  The returned set supports all
205     * optional set operations that this set supports.
206     *
207     * <p>The returned set will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException}
208     * on an attempt to insert an element outside its range.
209     *
210     * @param toElement high endpoint of the returned set
211     * @param inclusive {@code true} if the high endpoint
212     *        is to be included in the returned view
213     * @return a view of the portion of this set whose elements are less than
214     *         (or equal to, if {@code inclusive} is true) {@code toElement}
215     * @throws ClassCastException if {@code toElement} is not compatible
216     *         with this set's comparator (or, if the set has no comparator,
217     *         if {@code toElement} does not implement {@link Comparable}).
218     *         Implementations may, but are not required to, throw this
219     *         exception if {@code toElement} cannot be compared to elements
220     *         currently in the set.
221     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code toElement} is null and
222     *         this set does not permit null elements
223     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this set itself has a
224     *         restricted range, and {@code toElement} lies outside the
225     *         bounds of the range
226     */
227    NavigableSet<E> headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive);
228
229    /**
230     * Returns a view of the portion of this set whose elements are greater
231     * than (or equal to, if {@code inclusive} is true) {@code fromElement}.
232     * The returned set is backed by this set, so changes in the returned set
233     * are reflected in this set, and vice-versa.  The returned set supports
234     * all optional set operations that this set supports.
235     *
236     * <p>The returned set will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException}
237     * on an attempt to insert an element outside its range.
238     *
239     * @param fromElement low endpoint of the returned set
240     * @param inclusive {@code true} if the low endpoint
241     *        is to be included in the returned view
242     * @return a view of the portion of this set whose elements are greater
243     *         than or equal to {@code fromElement}
244     * @throws ClassCastException if {@code fromElement} is not compatible
245     *         with this set's comparator (or, if the set has no comparator,
246     *         if {@code fromElement} does not implement {@link Comparable}).
247     *         Implementations may, but are not required to, throw this
248     *         exception if {@code fromElement} cannot be compared to elements
249     *         currently in the set.
250     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} is null
251     *         and this set does not permit null elements
252     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this set itself has a
253     *         restricted range, and {@code fromElement} lies outside the
254     *         bounds of the range
255     */
256    NavigableSet<E> tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive);
257
258    /**
259     * {@inheritDoc}
260     *
261     * <p>Equivalent to {@code subSet(fromElement, true, toElement, false)}.
262     *
263     * @throws ClassCastException       {@inheritDoc}
264     * @throws NullPointerException     {@inheritDoc}
265     * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
266     */
267    SortedSet<E> subSet(E fromElement, E toElement);
268
269    /**
270     * {@inheritDoc}
271     *
272     * <p>Equivalent to {@code headSet(toElement, false)}.
273     *
274     * @throws ClassCastException       {@inheritDoc}
275     * @throws NullPointerException     {@inheritDoc}
276     * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
277na     */
278    SortedSet<E> headSet(E toElement);
279
280    /**
281     * {@inheritDoc}
282     *
283     * <p>Equivalent to {@code tailSet(fromElement, true)}.
284     *
285     * @throws ClassCastException       {@inheritDoc}
286     * @throws NullPointerException     {@inheritDoc}
287     * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
288     */
289    SortedSet<E> tailSet(E fromElement);
290}
291