1// RUN: %clang_cc1 -fsyntax-only -std=c++11 -pedantic -verify -fcxx-exceptions %s -fconstexpr-depth 128 -triple i686-pc-linux-gnu 2 3// A conditional-expression is a core constant expression unless it involves one 4// of the following as a potentially evaluated subexpression [...]: 5 6// - this (5.1.1 [expr.prim.general]) [Note: when evaluating a constant 7// expression, function invocation substitution (7.1.5 [dcl.constexpr]) 8// replaces each occurrence of this in a constexpr member function with a 9// pointer to the class object. -end note]; 10struct This { 11 int this1 : this1; // expected-error {{undeclared}} 12 int this2 : this->this1; // expected-error {{invalid}} 13 void this3() { 14 int n1[this->this1]; // expected-warning {{variable length array}} 15 int n2[this1]; // expected-warning {{variable length array}} 16 (void)n1, (void)n2; 17 } 18}; 19 20// - an invocation of a function other than a constexpr constructor for a 21// literal class or a constexpr function [ Note: Overload resolution (13.3) 22// is applied as usual - end note ]; 23struct NonConstexpr1 { 24 static int f() { return 1; } // expected-note {{here}} 25 int n : f(); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{non-constexpr function 'f' cannot be used in a constant expression}} 26}; 27struct NonConstexpr2 { 28 constexpr NonConstexpr2(); // expected-note {{here}} 29 int n; 30}; 31struct NonConstexpr3 { 32 NonConstexpr3(); 33 int m : NonConstexpr2().n; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{undefined constructor 'NonConstexpr2'}} 34}; 35struct NonConstexpr4 { 36 NonConstexpr4(); // expected-note {{declared here}} 37 int n; 38}; 39struct NonConstexpr5 { 40 int n : NonConstexpr4().n; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{non-constexpr constructor 'NonConstexpr4' cannot be used in a constant expression}} 41}; 42 43// - an invocation of an undefined constexpr function or an undefined 44// constexpr constructor; 45struct UndefinedConstexpr { 46 constexpr UndefinedConstexpr(); 47 static constexpr int undefinedConstexpr1(); // expected-note {{here}} 48 int undefinedConstexpr2 : undefinedConstexpr1(); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{undefined function 'undefinedConstexpr1' cannot be used in a constant expression}} 49}; 50 51// - an invocation of a constexpr function with arguments that, when substituted 52// by function invocation substitution (7.1.5), do not produce a core constant 53// expression; 54namespace NonConstExprReturn { 55 static constexpr const int &id_ref(const int &n) { 56 return n; 57 } 58 struct NonConstExprFunction { 59 int n : id_ref(16); // ok 60 }; 61 constexpr const int *address_of(const int &a) { 62 return &a; 63 } 64 constexpr const int *return_param(int n) { // expected-note {{declared here}} 65 return address_of(n); 66 } 67 struct S { 68 int n : *return_param(0); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of variable whose lifetime has ended}} 69 }; 70} 71 72// - an invocation of a constexpr constructor with arguments that, when 73// substituted by function invocation substitution (7.1.5), do not produce all 74// constant expressions for the constructor calls and full-expressions in the 75// mem-initializers (including conversions); 76namespace NonConstExprCtor { 77 struct T { 78 constexpr T(const int &r) : 79 r(r) { 80 } 81 const int &r; 82 }; 83 constexpr int n = 0; 84 constexpr T t1(n); // ok 85 constexpr T t2(0); // expected-error {{must be initialized by a constant expression}} expected-note {{temporary created here}} expected-note {{reference to temporary is not a constant expression}} 86 87 struct S { 88 int n : T(4).r; // ok 89 }; 90} 91 92// - an invocation of a constexpr function or a constexpr constructor that would 93// exceed the implementation-defined recursion limits (see Annex B); 94namespace RecursionLimits { 95 constexpr int RecurseForever(int n) { 96 return n + RecurseForever(n+1); // expected-note {{constexpr evaluation exceeded maximum depth of 128 calls}} expected-note 9{{in call to 'RecurseForever(}} expected-note {{skipping 118 calls}} 97 } 98 struct AlsoRecurseForever { 99 constexpr AlsoRecurseForever(int n) : 100 n(AlsoRecurseForever(n+1).n) // expected-note {{constexpr evaluation exceeded maximum depth of 128 calls}} expected-note 9{{in call to 'AlsoRecurseForever(}} expected-note {{skipping 118 calls}} 101 {} 102 int n; 103 }; 104 struct S { 105 int k : RecurseForever(0); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{in call to}} 106 int l : AlsoRecurseForever(0).n; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{in call to}} 107 }; 108} 109 110// DR1458: taking the address of an object of incomplete class type 111namespace IncompleteClassTypeAddr { 112 struct S; 113 extern S s; 114 constexpr S *p = &s; // ok 115 static_assert(p, ""); 116 117 extern S sArr[]; 118 constexpr S (*p2)[] = &sArr; // ok 119 120 struct S { 121 constexpr S *operator&() const { return nullptr; } 122 }; 123 constexpr S *q = &s; // ok 124 static_assert(!q, ""); 125} 126 127// - an operation that would have undefined behavior [Note: including, for 128// example, signed integer overflow (Clause 5 [expr]), certain pointer 129// arithmetic (5.7 [expr.add]), division by zero (5.6 [expr.mul]), or certain 130// shift operations (5.8 [expr.shift]) -end note]; 131namespace UndefinedBehavior { 132 void f(int n) { 133 switch (n) { 134 case (int)4.4e9: // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 4.4E+9 is outside the range of representable values of type 'int'}} 135 case (int)0x80000000u: // ok 136 case (int)10000000000ll: // expected-note {{here}} 137 case (unsigned int)10000000000ll: // expected-error {{duplicate case value}} 138 case (int)(unsigned)(long long)4.4e9: // ok 139 case (int)(float)1e300: // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 1.0E+300 is outside the range of representable values of type 'float'}} 140 case (int)((float)1e37 / 1e30): // ok 141 case (int)(__fp16)65536: // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 65536 is outside the range of representable values of type '__fp16'}} 142 break; 143 } 144 } 145 146 constexpr int int_min = ~0x7fffffff; 147 constexpr int minus_int_min = -int_min; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 2147483648 is outside the range}} 148 constexpr int div0 = 3 / 0; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{division by zero}} expected-warning {{undefined}} 149 constexpr int mod0 = 3 % 0; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{division by zero}} expected-warning {{undefined}} 150 constexpr int int_min_div_minus_1 = int_min / -1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 2147483648 is outside the range}} 151 constexpr int int_min_mod_minus_1 = int_min % -1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 2147483648 is outside the range}} 152 153 constexpr int shl_m1 = 0 << -1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{negative shift count -1}} expected-warning {{negative}} 154 constexpr int shl_0 = 0 << 0; // ok 155 constexpr int shl_31 = 0 << 31; // ok 156 constexpr int shl_32 = 0 << 32; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{shift count 32 >= width of type 'int' (32}} expected-warning {{>= width of type}} 157 constexpr int shl_unsigned_negative = unsigned(-3) << 1; // ok 158 constexpr int shl_unsigned_into_sign = 1u << 31; // ok 159 constexpr int shl_unsigned_overflow = 1024u << 31; // ok 160 constexpr int shl_signed_negative = (-3) << 1; // expected-warning {{shifting a negative signed value is undefined}} // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{left shift of negative value -3}} 161 constexpr int shl_signed_ok = 1 << 30; // ok 162 constexpr int shl_signed_into_sign = 1 << 31; // ok (DR1457) 163 constexpr int shl_signed_into_sign_2 = 0x7fffffff << 1; // ok (DR1457) 164 constexpr int shl_signed_off_end = 2 << 31; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{signed left shift discards bits}} expected-warning {{signed shift result (0x100000000) requires 34 bits to represent, but 'int' only has 32 bits}} 165 constexpr int shl_signed_off_end_2 = 0x7fffffff << 2; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{signed left shift discards bits}} expected-warning {{signed shift result (0x1FFFFFFFC) requires 34 bits to represent, but 'int' only has 32 bits}} 166 constexpr int shl_signed_overflow = 1024 << 31; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{signed left shift discards bits}} expected-warning {{requires 43 bits to represent}} 167 constexpr int shl_signed_ok2 = 1024 << 20; // ok 168 169 constexpr int shr_m1 = 0 >> -1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{negative shift count -1}} expected-warning {{negative}} 170 constexpr int shr_0 = 0 >> 0; // ok 171 constexpr int shr_31 = 0 >> 31; // ok 172 constexpr int shr_32 = 0 >> 32; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{shift count 32 >= width of type}} expected-warning {{>= width of type}} 173 174 struct S { 175 int m; 176 }; 177 constexpr S s = { 5 }; 178 constexpr const int *p = &s.m + 1; 179 constexpr const int &f(const int *q) { 180 return q[0]; 181 } 182 constexpr int n = (f(p), 0); // ok 183 struct T { 184 int n : f(p); // expected-error {{not an integral constant expression}} expected-note {{read of dereferenced one-past-the-end pointer}} 185 }; 186 187 namespace Ptr { 188 struct A {}; 189 struct B : A { int n; }; 190 B a[3][3]; 191 constexpr B *p = a[0] + 4; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{element 4 of array of 3 elements}} 192 B b = {}; 193 constexpr A *pa = &b + 1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{base class of pointer past the end}} 194 constexpr B *pb = (B*)((A*)&b + 1); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{derived class of pointer past the end}} 195 constexpr const int *pn = &(&b + 1)->n; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{field of pointer past the end}} 196 constexpr B *parr = &a[3][0]; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{array element of pointer past the end}} 197 198 constexpr A *na = nullptr; 199 constexpr B *nb = nullptr; 200 constexpr A &ra = *nb; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{cannot access base class of null pointer}} 201 constexpr B &rb = (B&)*na; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{cannot access derived class of null pointer}} 202 static_assert((A*)nb == 0, ""); 203 static_assert((B*)na == 0, ""); 204 constexpr const int &nf = nb->n; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{cannot access field of null pointer}} 205 constexpr const int *np1 = (int*)nullptr + 0; // ok 206 constexpr const int *np2 = &(*(int(*)[4])nullptr)[0]; // ok 207 constexpr const int *np3 = &(*(int(*)[4])nullptr)[2]; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{cannot perform pointer arithmetic on null pointer}} 208 209 struct C { 210 constexpr int f() const { return 0; } 211 } constexpr c = C(); 212 constexpr int k1 = c.f(); // ok 213 constexpr int k2 = ((C*)nullptr)->f(); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{cannot call member function on null pointer}} 214 constexpr int k3 = (&c)[1].f(); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{cannot call member function on pointer past the end of object}} 215 C c2; 216 constexpr int k4 = c2.f(); // ok! 217 218 constexpr int diff1 = &a[2] - &a[0]; 219 constexpr int diff2 = &a[1][3] - &a[1][0]; 220 constexpr int diff3 = &a[2][0] - &a[1][0]; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{subtracted pointers are not elements of the same array}} 221 static_assert(&a[2][0] == &a[1][3], ""); 222 constexpr int diff4 = (&b + 1) - &b; 223 constexpr int diff5 = &a[1][2].n - &a[1][0].n; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{subtracted pointers are not elements of the same array}} 224 constexpr int diff6 = &a[1][2].n - &a[1][2].n; 225 constexpr int diff7 = (A*)&a[0][1] - (A*)&a[0][0]; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{subtracted pointers are not elements of the same array}} 226 } 227 228 namespace Overflow { 229 // Signed int overflow. 230 constexpr int n1 = 2 * 3 * 3 * 7 * 11 * 31 * 151 * 331; // ok 231 constexpr int n2 = 65536 * 32768; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 2147483648 is outside the range of }} 232 constexpr int n3 = n1 + 1; // ok 233 constexpr int n4 = n3 + 1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 2147483648 is outside the range of }} 234 constexpr int n5 = -65536 * 32768; // ok 235 constexpr int n6 = 3 * -715827883; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value -2147483649 is outside the range of }} 236 constexpr int n7 = -n3 + -1; // ok 237 constexpr int n8 = -1 + n7; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value -2147483649 is outside the range of }} 238 constexpr int n9 = n3 - 0; // ok 239 constexpr int n10 = n3 - -1; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 2147483648 is outside the range of }} 240 constexpr int n11 = -1 - n3; // ok 241 constexpr int n12 = -2 - n3; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value -2147483649 is outside the range of }} 242 constexpr int n13 = n5 + n5; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value -4294967296 is outside the range of }} 243 constexpr int n14 = n3 - n5; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 4294967295 is outside the range of }} 244 constexpr int n15 = n5 * n5; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{value 4611686018427387904 is outside the range of }} 245 constexpr signed char c1 = 100 * 2; // ok 246 constexpr signed char c2 = '\x64' * '\2'; // also ok 247 constexpr long long ll1 = 0x7fffffffffffffff; // ok 248 constexpr long long ll2 = ll1 + 1; // expected-error {{constant}} expected-note {{ 9223372036854775808 }} 249 constexpr long long ll3 = -ll1 - 1; // ok 250 constexpr long long ll4 = ll3 - 1; // expected-error {{constant}} expected-note {{ -9223372036854775809 }} 251 constexpr long long ll5 = ll3 * ll3; // expected-error {{constant}} expected-note {{ 85070591730234615865843651857942052864 }} 252 253 // Yikes. 254 char melchizedek[2200000000]; 255 typedef decltype(melchizedek[1] - melchizedek[0]) ptrdiff_t; 256 constexpr ptrdiff_t d1 = &melchizedek[0x7fffffff] - &melchizedek[0]; // ok 257 constexpr ptrdiff_t d2 = &melchizedek[0x80000000u] - &melchizedek[0]; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{ 2147483648 }} 258 constexpr ptrdiff_t d3 = &melchizedek[0] - &melchizedek[0x80000000u]; // ok 259 constexpr ptrdiff_t d4 = &melchizedek[0] - &melchizedek[0x80000001u]; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{ -2147483649 }} 260 261 // Unsigned int overflow. 262 static_assert(65536u * 65536u == 0u, ""); // ok 263 static_assert(4294967295u + 1u == 0u, ""); // ok 264 static_assert(0u - 1u == 4294967295u, ""); // ok 265 static_assert(~0u * ~0u == 1u, ""); // ok 266 267 // Floating-point overflow and NaN. 268 constexpr float f1 = 1e38f * 3.4028f; // ok 269 constexpr float f2 = 1e38f * 3.4029f; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{floating point arithmetic produces an infinity}} 270 constexpr float f3 = 1e38f / -.2939f; // ok 271 constexpr float f4 = 1e38f / -.2938f; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{floating point arithmetic produces an infinity}} 272 constexpr float f5 = 2e38f + 2e38f; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{floating point arithmetic produces an infinity}} 273 constexpr float f6 = -2e38f - 2e38f; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{floating point arithmetic produces an infinity}} 274 constexpr float f7 = 0.f / 0.f; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{floating point arithmetic produces a NaN}} 275 } 276} 277 278// - a lambda-expression (5.1.2); 279struct Lambda { 280 int n : []{ return 1; }(); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-error {{integral constant expression}} expected-note {{non-literal type}} 281}; 282 283// - an lvalue-to-rvalue conversion (4.1) unless it is applied to 284namespace LValueToRValue { 285 // - a non-volatile glvalue of integral or enumeration type that refers to a 286 // non-volatile const object with a preceding initialization, initialized 287 // with a constant expression [Note: a string literal (2.14.5 [lex.string]) 288 // corresponds to an array of such objects. -end note], or 289 volatile const int vi = 1; // expected-note 2{{here}} 290 const int ci = 1; 291 volatile const int &vrci = ci; 292 static_assert(vi, ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile-qualified type}} 293 static_assert(const_cast<int&>(vi), ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile object 'vi'}} 294 static_assert(vrci, ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile-qualified type}} 295 296 // - a non-volatile glvalue of literal type that refers to a non-volatile 297 // object defined with constexpr, or that refers to a sub-object of such an 298 // object, or 299 struct V { 300 constexpr V() : v(1) {} 301 volatile int v; // expected-note {{not literal because}} 302 }; 303 constexpr V v; // expected-error {{non-literal type}} 304 struct S { 305 constexpr S(int=0) : i(1), v(const_cast<volatile int&>(vi)) {} 306 constexpr S(const S &s) : i(2), v(const_cast<volatile int&>(vi)) {} 307 int i; 308 volatile int &v; 309 }; 310 constexpr S s; // ok 311 constexpr volatile S vs; // expected-note {{here}} 312 constexpr const volatile S &vrs = s; // ok 313 static_assert(s.i, ""); 314 static_assert(s.v, ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile-qualified type}} 315 static_assert(const_cast<int&>(s.v), ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile object 'vi'}} 316 static_assert(vs.i, ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile-qualified type}} 317 static_assert(const_cast<int&>(vs.i), ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile object 'vs'}} 318 static_assert(vrs.i, ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile-qualified type}} 319 320 // - a non-volatile glvalue of literal type that refers to a non-volatile 321 // temporary object whose lifetime has not ended, initialized with a 322 // constant expression; 323 constexpr volatile S f() { return S(); } 324 static_assert(f().i, ""); // ok! there's no lvalue-to-rvalue conversion here! 325 static_assert(((volatile const S&&)(S)0).i, ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of volatile-qualified type}} 326} 327 328// DR1312: The proposed wording for this defect has issues, so we ignore this 329// bullet and instead prohibit casts from pointers to cv void (see core-20842 330// and core-20845). 331// 332// - an lvalue-to-rvalue conversion (4.1 [conv.lval]) that is applied to a 333// glvalue of type cv1 T that refers to an object of type cv2 U, where T and U 334// are neither the same type nor similar types (4.4 [conv.qual]); 335 336// - an lvalue-to-rvalue conversion (4.1) that is applied to a glvalue that 337// refers to a non-active member of a union or a subobject thereof; 338namespace LValueToRValueUnion { 339 // test/SemaCXX/constant-expression-cxx11.cpp contains more thorough testing 340 // of this. 341 union U { int a, b; } constexpr u = U(); 342 static_assert(u.a == 0, ""); 343 constexpr const int *bp = &u.b; 344 constexpr int b = *bp; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of member 'b' of union with active member 'a'}} 345 346 extern const U pu; 347 constexpr const int *pua = &pu.a; 348 constexpr const int *pub = &pu.b; 349 constexpr U pu = { .b = 1 }; // expected-warning {{C99 feature}} 350 constexpr const int a2 = *pua; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of member 'a' of union with active member 'b'}} 351 constexpr const int b2 = *pub; // ok 352} 353 354// - an id-expression that refers to a variable or data member of reference type 355// unless the reference has a preceding initialization, initialized with a 356// constant expression; 357namespace References { 358 const int a = 2; 359 int &b = *const_cast<int*>(&a); 360 int c = 10; // expected-note 2 {{here}} 361 int &d = c; 362 constexpr int e = 42; 363 int &f = const_cast<int&>(e); 364 extern int &g; 365 constexpr int &h(); // expected-note {{here}} 366 int &i = h(); // expected-note {{here}} 367 constexpr int &j() { return b; } 368 int &k = j(); 369 370 struct S { 371 int A : a; 372 int B : b; 373 int C : c; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of non-const variable 'c'}} 374 int D : d; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{read of non-const variable 'c'}} 375 int D2 : &d - &c + 1; 376 int E : e / 2; 377 int F : f - 11; 378 int G : g; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 379 int H : h(); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{undefined function 'h'}} 380 int I : i; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{initializer of 'i' is not a constant expression}} 381 int J : j(); 382 int K : k; 383 }; 384} 385 386// - a dynamic_cast (5.2.7); 387namespace DynamicCast { 388 struct S { int n; }; 389 constexpr S s { 16 }; 390 struct T { 391 int n : dynamic_cast<const S*>(&s)->n; // expected-warning {{constant expression}} expected-note {{dynamic_cast}} 392 }; 393} 394 395// - a reinterpret_cast (5.2.10); 396namespace ReinterpretCast { 397 struct S { int n; }; 398 constexpr S s { 16 }; 399 struct T { 400 int n : reinterpret_cast<const S*>(&s)->n; // expected-warning {{constant expression}} expected-note {{reinterpret_cast}} 401 }; 402 struct U { 403 int m : (long)(S*)6; // expected-warning {{constant expression}} expected-note {{reinterpret_cast}} 404 }; 405} 406 407// - a pseudo-destructor call (5.2.4); 408namespace PseudoDtor { 409 int k; 410 typedef int I; 411 struct T { 412 int n : (k.~I(), 0); // expected-error {{constant expression}} 413 }; 414} 415 416// - increment or decrement operations (5.2.6, 5.3.2); 417namespace IncDec { 418 int k = 2; 419 struct T { 420 int n : ++k; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 421 int m : --k; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 422 }; 423} 424 425// - a typeid expression (5.2.8) whose operand is of a polymorphic class type; 426namespace std { 427 struct type_info { 428 virtual ~type_info(); 429 const char *name; 430 }; 431} 432namespace TypeId { 433 struct S { virtual void f(); }; 434 constexpr S *p = 0; 435 constexpr const std::type_info &ti1 = typeid(*p); // expected-error {{must be initialized by a constant expression}} expected-note {{typeid applied to expression of polymorphic type 'TypeId::S'}} 436 437 struct T {} t; 438 constexpr const std::type_info &ti2 = typeid(t); 439} 440 441// - a new-expression (5.3.4); 442// - a delete-expression (5.3.5); 443namespace NewDelete { 444 int *p = 0; 445 struct T { 446 int n : *new int(4); // expected-error {{constant expression}} 447 int m : (delete p, 2); // expected-error {{constant expression}} 448 }; 449} 450 451// - a relational (5.9) or equality (5.10) operator where the result is 452// unspecified; 453namespace UnspecifiedRelations { 454 int a, b; 455 constexpr int *p = &a, *q = &b; 456 // C++11 [expr.rel]p2: If two pointers p and q of the same type point to 457 // different objects that are not members of the same array or to different 458 // functions, or if only one of them is null, the results of p<q, p>q, p<=q, 459 // and p>=q are unspecified. 460 constexpr bool u1 = p < q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 461 constexpr bool u2 = p > q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 462 constexpr bool u3 = p <= q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 463 constexpr bool u4 = p >= q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 464 constexpr bool u5 = p < 0; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 465 constexpr bool u6 = p <= 0; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 466 constexpr bool u7 = p > 0; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 467 constexpr bool u8 = p >= 0; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 468 constexpr bool u9 = 0 < q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 469 constexpr bool u10 = 0 <= q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 470 constexpr bool u11 = 0 > q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 471 constexpr bool u12 = 0 >= q; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 472 void f(), g(); 473 474 constexpr void (*pf)() = &f, (*pg)() = &g; 475 constexpr bool u13 = pf < pg; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 476 constexpr bool u14 = pf == pg; 477 478 // If two pointers point to non-static data members of the same object with 479 // different access control, the result is unspecified. 480 struct A { 481 public: 482 constexpr A() : a(0), b(0) {} 483 int a; 484 constexpr bool cmp() const { return &a < &b; } // expected-note {{comparison of address of fields 'a' and 'b' of 'A' with differing access specifiers (public vs private) has unspecified value}} 485 private: 486 int b; 487 }; 488 static_assert(A().cmp(), ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{in call}} 489 class B { 490 public: 491 A a; 492 constexpr bool cmp() const { return &a.a < &b.a; } // expected-note {{comparison of address of fields 'a' and 'b' of 'B' with differing access specifiers (public vs protected) has unspecified value}} 493 protected: 494 A b; 495 }; 496 static_assert(B().cmp(), ""); // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{in call}} 497 498 // If two pointers point to different base sub-objects of the same object, or 499 // one points to a base subobject and the other points to a member, the result 500 // of the comparison is unspecified. This is not explicitly called out by 501 // [expr.rel]p2, but is covered by 'Other pointer comparisons are 502 // unspecified'. 503 struct C { 504 int c[2]; 505 }; 506 struct D { 507 int d; 508 }; 509 struct E : C, D { 510 struct Inner { 511 int f; 512 } e; 513 } e; 514 constexpr bool base1 = &e.c[0] < &e.d; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{comparison of addresses of subobjects of different base classes has unspecified value}} 515 constexpr bool base2 = &e.c[1] < &e.e.f; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{comparison of address of base class subobject 'C' of class 'E' to field 'e' has unspecified value}} 516 constexpr bool base3 = &e.e.f < &e.d; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{comparison of address of base class subobject 'D' of class 'E' to field 'e' has unspecified value}} 517 518 // [expr.rel]p3: Pointers to void can be compared [...] if both pointers 519 // represent the same address or are both the null pointer [...]; otherwise 520 // the result is unspecified. 521 struct S { int a, b; } s; 522 constexpr void *null = 0; 523 constexpr void *pv = (void*)&s.a; 524 constexpr void *qv = (void*)&s.b; 525 constexpr bool v1 = null < 0; 526 constexpr bool v2 = null < pv; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 527 constexpr bool v3 = null == pv; // ok 528 constexpr bool v4 = qv == pv; // ok 529 constexpr bool v5 = qv >= pv; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{unequal pointers to void}} 530 constexpr bool v6 = qv > null; // expected-error {{constant expression}} 531 constexpr bool v7 = qv <= (void*)&s.b; // ok 532 constexpr bool v8 = qv > (void*)&s.a; // expected-error {{constant expression}} expected-note {{unequal pointers to void}} 533} 534 535// - an assignment or a compound assignment (5.17); or 536namespace Assignment { 537 int k; 538 struct T { 539 int n : (k = 9); // expected-error {{constant expression}} 540 int m : (k *= 2); // expected-error {{constant expression}} 541 }; 542 543 struct Literal { 544 constexpr Literal(const char *name) : name(name) {} 545 const char *name; 546 }; 547 struct Expr { 548 constexpr Expr(Literal l) : IsLiteral(true), l(l) {} 549 bool IsLiteral; 550 union { 551 Literal l; 552 // ... 553 }; 554 }; 555 struct MulEq { 556 constexpr MulEq(Expr a, Expr b) : LHS(a), RHS(b) {} 557 Expr LHS; 558 Expr RHS; 559 }; 560 constexpr MulEq operator*=(Expr a, Expr b) { return MulEq(a, b); } 561 Literal a("a"); 562 Literal b("b"); 563 MulEq c = a *= b; // ok 564} 565 566// - a throw-expression (15.1) 567namespace Throw { 568 struct S { 569 int n : (throw "hello", 10); // expected-error {{constant expression}} 570 }; 571} 572 573// PR9999 574template<unsigned int v> 575class bitWidthHolding { 576public: 577 static const 578 unsigned int width = (v == 0 ? 0 : bitWidthHolding<(v >> 1)>::width + 1); 579}; 580 581static const int width=bitWidthHolding<255>::width; 582 583template<bool b> 584struct always_false { 585 static const bool value = false; 586}; 587 588template<bool b> 589struct and_or { 590 static const bool and_value = b && and_or<always_false<b>::value>::and_value; 591 static const bool or_value = !b || and_or<always_false<b>::value>::or_value; 592}; 593 594static const bool and_value = and_or<true>::and_value; 595static const bool or_value = and_or<true>::or_value; 596 597static_assert(and_value == false, ""); 598static_assert(or_value == true, ""); 599 600namespace rdar13090123 { 601 typedef __INTPTR_TYPE__ intptr_t; 602 603 constexpr intptr_t f(intptr_t x) { 604 return (((x) >> 21) * 8); 605 } 606 607 extern "C" int foo; 608 609 constexpr intptr_t i = f((intptr_t)&foo - 10); // expected-error{{constexpr variable 'i' must be initialized by a constant expression}} \ 610 // expected-note{{reinterpret_cast}} 611} 612