1
2/*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
3/*--- The address space manager.              pub_core_aspacemgr.h ---*/
4/*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
5
6/*
7   This file is part of Valgrind, a dynamic binary instrumentation
8   framework.
9
10   Copyright (C) 2000-2015 Julian Seward
11      jseward@acm.org
12
13   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14   modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
15   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
16   License, or (at your option) any later version.
17
18   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
19   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
20   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
21   General Public License for more details.
22
23   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
24   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
25   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
26   02111-1307, USA.
27
28   The GNU General Public License is contained in the file COPYING.
29*/
30
31#ifndef __PUB_CORE_ASPACEMGR_H
32#define __PUB_CORE_ASPACEMGR_H
33
34//--------------------------------------------------------------------
35// PURPOSE: This module deals with management of the entire process
36// address space.  Almost everything depends upon it, including dynamic
37// memory management.  Hence this module is almost completely
38// standalone; the only module it uses is m_debuglog.  DO NOT CHANGE
39// THIS.
40//--------------------------------------------------------------------
41
42#include "pub_tool_aspacemgr.h"
43
44//--------------------------------------------------------------
45// Definition of address-space segments
46
47/* types SegKind, ShrinkMode and NSegment are described in
48   the tool-visible header file, not here. */
49
50
51//--------------------------------------------------------------
52// Initialisation
53
54/* Initialise the address space manager, setting up the initial
55   segment list, and reading /proc/self/maps into it.  This must
56   be called before any other function.
57
58   Takes a pointer to the SP at the time V gained control.  This is
59   taken to be the highest usable address (more or less).  Based on
60   that (and general consultation of tea leaves, etc) return a
61   suggested end address (highest addressable byte) for the client's stack. */
62extern Addr VG_(am_startup) ( Addr sp_at_startup );
63
64/* Check whether ADDR is OK to be used as aspacem_minAddr. If not, *ERRMSG
65   will be set to identify what's wrong. ERRMSG may be NULL. */
66extern Bool VG_(am_is_valid_for_aspacem_minAddr)( Addr addr,
67                                                  const HChar **errmsg );
68
69//--------------------------------------------------------------
70// Querying current status
71
72
73/* Finds an anonymous segment containing 'a'. Returned pointer is read only. */
74extern NSegment const *VG_(am_find_anon_segment) ( Addr a );
75
76/* Find the next segment along from 'here', if it is a file/anon/resvn
77   segment. */
78extern NSegment const* VG_(am_next_nsegment) ( const NSegment* here,
79                                               Bool fwds );
80
81/* Is the area [start .. start+len-1] validly accessible by
82   valgrind with at least the permissions 'prot' ?  To find out
83   simply if said area merely belongs to valgrind, pass
84   VKI_PROT_NONE as 'prot'.  Will return False if any part of the
85   area does not belong to valgrind or does not have at least
86   the stated permissions. */
87extern Bool VG_(am_is_valid_for_valgrind)
88   ( Addr start, SizeT len, UInt prot );
89
90/* Variant of VG_(am_is_valid_for_client) which allows free areas to
91   be consider part of the client's addressable space.  It also
92   considers reservations to be allowable, since from the client's
93   point of view they don't exist. */
94extern Bool VG_(am_is_valid_for_client_or_free_or_resvn)
95   ( Addr start, SizeT len, UInt prot );
96
97/* Checks if a piece of memory consists of either free or reservation
98   segments. */
99extern Bool VG_(am_is_free_or_resvn)( Addr start, SizeT len );
100
101/* Check whether ADDR looks like an address or address-to-be located in an
102   extensible client stack segment. */
103extern Bool VG_(am_addr_is_in_extensible_client_stack)( Addr addr );
104
105/* Trivial fn: return the total amount of space in anonymous mappings,
106   both for V and the client.  Is used for printing stats in
107   out-of-memory messages. */
108extern ULong VG_(am_get_anonsize_total)( void );
109
110/* Show the segment array on the debug log, at given loglevel. */
111extern void VG_(am_show_nsegments) ( Int logLevel, const HChar* who );
112
113/* VG_(am_get_segment_starts) is also part of this section, but its
114   prototype is tool-visible, hence not in this header file. */
115
116/* Sanity check: check that Valgrind and the kernel agree on the
117   address space layout.  Prints offending segments and call point if
118   a discrepancy is detected, but does not abort the system.  Returned
119   Bool is False if a discrepancy was found. */
120
121extern Bool VG_(am_do_sync_check) ( const HChar* fn,
122                                    const HChar* file, Int line );
123
124//--------------------------------------------------------------
125// Functions pertaining to the central query-notify mechanism
126// used to handle mmap/munmap/mprotect resulting from client
127// syscalls.
128
129/* Describes a request for VG_(am_get_advisory). */
130typedef
131   struct {
132      /* Note: if rkind == MAlign then start specifies alignment. This is
133         Solaris specific. */
134      enum { MFixed, MHint, MAny, MAlign } rkind;
135      Addr start;
136      Addr len;
137   }
138   MapRequest;
139
140/* Query aspacem to ask where a mapping should go.  On success, the
141   advised placement is returned, and *ok is set to True.  On failure,
142   zero is returned and *ok is set to False.  Note that *ok must be
143   consulted by the caller to establish success or failure; that
144   cannot be established reliably from the returned value.  If *ok is
145   set to False, it means aspacem has vetoed the mapping, and so the
146   caller should not proceed with it. */
147extern Addr VG_(am_get_advisory)
148   ( const MapRequest* req, Bool forClient, /*OUT*/Bool* ok );
149
150/* Convenience wrapper for VG_(am_get_advisory) for client floating or
151   fixed requests.  If start is zero, a floating request is issued; if
152   nonzero, a fixed request at that address is issued.  Same comments
153   about return values apply. */
154extern Addr VG_(am_get_advisory_client_simple)
155   ( Addr start, SizeT len, /*OUT*/Bool* ok );
156
157/* Returns True if [start, start + len - 1] is covered by a single
158   free segment, otherwise returns False.
159   This allows to check the following case:
160   VG_(am_get_advisory_client_simple) (first arg == 0, meaning
161   this-or-nothing) is too lenient, and may allow us to trash
162   the next segment along.  So make very sure that the proposed
163   new area really is free.  This is perhaps overly
164   conservative, but it fixes #129866. */
165extern Bool VG_(am_covered_by_single_free_segment)
166   ( Addr start, SizeT len);
167
168/* Notifies aspacem that the client completed an mmap successfully.
169   The segment array is updated accordingly.  If the returned Bool is
170   True, the caller should immediately discard translations from the
171   specified address range. */
172extern Bool VG_(am_notify_client_mmap)
173   ( Addr a, SizeT len, UInt prot, UInt flags, Int fd, Off64T offset );
174
175/* Notifies aspacem that the client completed a shmat successfully.
176   The segment array is updated accordingly.  If the returned Bool is
177   True, the caller should immediately discard translations from the
178   specified address range. */
179extern Bool VG_(am_notify_client_shmat)( Addr a, SizeT len, UInt prot );
180
181/* Notifies aspacem that an mprotect was completed successfully.  The
182   segment array is updated accordingly.  Note, as with
183   VG_(am_notify_munmap), it is not the job of this function to reject
184   stupid mprotects, for example the client doing mprotect of
185   non-client areas.  Such requests should be intercepted earlier, by
186   the syscall wrapper for mprotect.  This function merely records
187   whatever it is told.  If the returned Bool is True, the caller
188   should immediately discard translations from the specified address
189   range. */
190extern Bool VG_(am_notify_mprotect)( Addr start, SizeT len, UInt prot );
191
192/* Notifies aspacem that an munmap completed successfully.  The
193   segment array is updated accordingly.  As with
194   VG_(am_notify_mprotect), we merely record the given info, and don't
195   check it for sensibleness.  If the returned Bool is True, the
196   caller should immediately discard translations from the specified
197   address range. */
198extern Bool VG_(am_notify_munmap)( Addr start, SizeT len );
199
200/* Hand a raw mmap to the kernel, without aspacem updating the segment
201   array.  THIS FUNCTION IS DANGEROUS -- it will cause aspacem's view
202   of the address space to diverge from that of the kernel.  DO NOT
203   USE IT UNLESS YOU UNDERSTAND the request-notify model used by
204   aspacem.  In short, DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION. */
205extern SysRes VG_(am_do_mmap_NO_NOTIFY)
206   ( Addr start, SizeT length, UInt prot, UInt flags, Int fd, Off64T offset);
207
208
209//--------------------------------------------------------------
210// Dealing with mappings which do not arise directly from the
211// simulation of the client.  These are typically used for
212// loading the client and building its stack/data segment, before
213// execution begins.  Also for V's own administrative use.
214
215/* --- --- --- map, unmap, protect  --- --- --- */
216
217/* Map a file at a fixed address for the client, and update the
218   segment array accordingly. */
219extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_file_fixed_client)
220   ( Addr start, SizeT length, UInt prot, Int fd, Off64T offset );
221extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_file_fixed_client_flags)
222   ( Addr start, SizeT length, UInt prot, UInt flags, Int fd, Off64T offset );
223extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_named_file_fixed_client)
224   ( Addr start, SizeT length, UInt prot, Int fd,
225     Off64T offset, const HChar *name );
226extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_named_file_fixed_client_flags)
227   ( Addr start, SizeT length, UInt prot, UInt flags, Int fd,
228     Off64T offset, const HChar *name );
229
230/* Map anonymously at a fixed address for the client, and update
231   the segment array accordingly. */
232extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_anon_fixed_client)
233   ( Addr start, SizeT length, UInt prot );
234
235
236/* Map anonymously at an unconstrained address for the client, and
237   update the segment array accordingly.  */
238extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_anon_float_client) ( SizeT length, Int prot );
239
240/* Map anonymously at an unconstrained address for V, and update the
241   segment array accordingly.  This is fundamentally how V allocates
242   itself more address space when needed. */
243extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_anon_float_valgrind)( SizeT cszB );
244
245/* Map privately a file at an unconstrained address for V, and update the
246   segment array accordingly.  This is used by V for transiently
247   mapping in object files to read their debug info.  */
248extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_file_float_valgrind)
249   ( SizeT length, UInt prot, Int fd, Off64T offset );
250
251/* Map shared a file at an unconstrained address for V, and update the
252   segment array accordingly.  This is used by V for communicating
253   with vgdb.  */
254extern SysRes VG_(am_shared_mmap_file_float_valgrind)
255   ( SizeT length, UInt prot, Int fd, Off64T offset );
256
257/* Convenience wrapper around VG_(am_mmap_anon_float_client) which also
258   marks the segment as containing the client heap. */
259extern SysRes VG_(am_mmap_client_heap) ( SizeT length, Int prot );
260
261/* Unmap the given address range and update the segment array
262   accordingly.  This fails if the range isn't valid for the client.
263   If *need_discard is True after a successful return, the caller
264   should immediately discard translations from the specified address
265   range. */
266extern SysRes VG_(am_munmap_client)( /*OUT*/Bool* need_discard,
267                                     Addr start, SizeT length );
268
269/* Let (start,len) denote an area within a single Valgrind-owned
270  segment (anon or file).  Change the ownership of [start, start+len)
271  to the client instead.  Fails if (start,len) does not denote a
272  suitable segment. */
273extern Bool VG_(am_change_ownership_v_to_c)( Addr start, SizeT len );
274
275/* Set the 'hasT' bit on the segment containing ADDR indicating that
276   translations have or may have been taken from this segment. ADDR is
277   expected to belong to a client segment. */
278extern void VG_(am_set_segment_hasT)( Addr addr );
279
280/* --- --- --- reservations --- --- --- */
281
282/* Create a reservation from START .. START+LENGTH-1, with the given
283   ShrinkMode.  When checking whether the reservation can be created,
284   also ensure that at least abs(EXTRA) extra free bytes will remain
285   above (> 0) or below (< 0) the reservation.
286
287   The reservation will only be created if it, plus the extra-zone,
288   falls entirely within a single free segment.  The returned Bool
289   indicates whether the creation succeeded. */
290extern Bool VG_(am_create_reservation)
291   ( Addr start, SizeT length, ShrinkMode smode, SSizeT extra );
292
293/* ADDR is the start address of an anonymous client mapping.  This fn extends
294   the mapping by DELTA bytes, taking the space from a reservation section
295   which must be adjacent.  If DELTA is positive, the segment is
296   extended forwards in the address space, and the reservation must be
297   the next one along.  If DELTA is negative, the segment is extended
298   backwards in the address space and the reservation must be the
299   previous one.  DELTA must be page aligned.  abs(DELTA) must not
300   exceed the size of the reservation segment minus one page, that is,
301   the reservation segment after the operation must be at least one
302   page long. The function returns a pointer to the resized segment. */
303extern const NSegment *VG_(am_extend_into_adjacent_reservation_client)
304   ( Addr addr, SSizeT delta, /*OUT*/Bool *overflow );
305
306/* --- --- --- resizing/move a mapping --- --- --- */
307
308/* This function grows a client mapping in place into an adjacent free segment.
309   ADDR is the client mapping's start address and DELTA, which must be page
310   aligned, is the growth amount. The function returns a pointer to the
311   resized segment. The function is used in support of mremap. */
312extern const NSegment *VG_(am_extend_map_client)( Addr addr, SizeT delta );
313
314/* Remap the old address range to the new address range.  Fails if any
315   parameter is not page aligned, if the either size is zero, if any
316   wraparound is implied, if the old address range does not fall
317   entirely within a single segment, if the new address range overlaps
318   with the old one, or if the old address range is not a valid client
319   mapping.  If *need_discard is True after a successful return, the
320   caller should immediately discard translations from both specified
321   address ranges.  */
322extern Bool VG_(am_relocate_nooverlap_client)( /*OUT*/Bool* need_discard,
323                                               Addr old_addr, SizeT old_len,
324                                               Addr new_addr, SizeT new_len );
325
326//--------------------------------------------------------------
327// Valgrind (non-client) thread stacks.  V itself runs on such
328// stacks.  The address space manager provides and suitably
329// protects such stacks.
330
331// VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB is the default size of a Valgrind stack.
332// The effectively used size is controlled by the command line options
333// --valgrind-stack-size=xxxx (which must be page aligned).
334// Note that m_main.c needs an interim stack (just to startup), before
335// any command line option can be processed. This interim stack
336// (declared in m_main.c) will use the size VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB.
337#if defined(VGP_ppc32_linux) \
338    || defined(VGP_ppc64be_linux) || defined(VGP_ppc64le_linux)	\
339    || defined(VGP_mips32_linux) || defined(VGP_mips64_linux) \
340    || defined(VGP_arm64_linux) || defined(VGP_tilegx_linux)
341# define VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB  65536  // 1 or 16 pages
342#else
343# define VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB  8192   // 2 pages
344#endif
345# define VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB 1048576 // (4096 * 256) = 1Mb
346
347typedef struct _VgStack VgStack;
348
349
350/* Allocate and initialise a VgStack (anonymous valgrind space).
351   Protect the stack active area and the guard areas appropriately.
352   Returns NULL on failure, else the address of the bottom of the
353   stack.  On success, also sets *initial_sp to what the stack pointer
354   should be set to. */
355
356extern VgStack* VG_(am_alloc_VgStack)( /*OUT*/Addr* initial_sp );
357
358/* Figure out how many bytes of the stack's active area have not been
359   used.  Used for estimating if we are close to overflowing it.  If
360   the free area is larger than 'limit', just return 'limit'. */
361extern SizeT VG_(am_get_VgStack_unused_szB)( const VgStack* stack,
362                                             SizeT limit );
363
364// DDD: this is ugly
365#if defined(VGO_darwin)
366typedef
367   struct {
368      Bool   is_added;  // Added or removed seg?
369      Addr   start;
370      SizeT  end;
371      UInt   prot;      // Not used for removed segs.
372      Off64T offset;    // Not used for removed segs.
373   }
374   ChangedSeg;
375
376extern Bool VG_(get_changed_segments)(
377      const HChar* when, const HChar* where, /*OUT*/ChangedSeg* css,
378      Int css_size, /*OUT*/Int* css_used);
379#endif
380
381#endif   // __PUB_CORE_ASPACEMGR_H
382
383/*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
384/*--- end                                                          ---*/
385/*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
386