1/*
2 * This file implements decoding of ZeroMQ network protocol(s).
3 *
4 *
5 * Copyright (c) 2013 The TCPDUMP project
6 * All rights reserved.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
18 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
19 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
20 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
21 * COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
22 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
23 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
24 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
25 * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
27 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
28 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29 */
30
31#define NETDISSECT_REWORKED
32#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
33#include "config.h"
34#endif
35
36#include <tcpdump-stdinc.h>
37
38#include "interface.h"
39#include "extract.h"
40
41static const char tstr[] = " [|zmtp1]";
42
43/* Maximum number of ZMTP/1.0 frame body bytes (without the flags) to dump in
44 * hex and ASCII under a single "-v" flag.
45 */
46#define VBYTES 128
47
48/*
49 * Below is an excerpt from the "13/ZMTP" specification:
50 *
51 * A ZMTP message consists of 1 or more frames.
52 *
53 * A ZMTP frame consists of a length, followed by a flags field and a frame
54 * body of (length - 1) octets. Note: the length includes the flags field, so
55 * an empty frame has a length of 1.
56 *
57 * For frames with a length of 1 to 254 octets, the length SHOULD BE encoded
58 * as a single octet. The minimum valid length of a frame is 1 octet, thus a
59 * length of 0 is invalid and such frames SHOULD be discarded silently.
60 *
61 * For frames with lengths of 255 and greater, the length SHALL BE encoded as
62 * a single octet with the value 255, followed by the length encoded as a
63 * 64-bit unsigned integer in network byte order. For frames with lengths of
64 * 1 to 254 octets this encoding MAY be also used.
65 *
66 * The flags field consists of a single octet containing various control
67 * flags. Bit 0 is the least significant bit.
68 *
69 * - Bit 0 (MORE): More frames to follow. A value of 0 indicates that there
70 *   are no more frames to follow. A value of 1 indicates that more frames
71 *   will follow. On messages consisting of a single frame the MORE flag MUST
72 *   be 0.
73 *
74 * - Bits 1-7: Reserved. Bits 1-7 are reserved for future use and SHOULD be
75 *   zero.
76 */
77
78static const u_char *
79zmtp1_print_frame(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *cp, const u_char *ep)
80{
81	uint64_t body_len_declared, body_len_captured, header_len;
82	uint8_t flags;
83
84	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t"));
85	ND_TCHECK2(*cp, 1); /* length/0xFF */
86
87	if (cp[0] != 0xFF) {
88		header_len = 1; /* length */
89		body_len_declared = cp[0];
90		if (body_len_declared == 0)
91			return cp + header_len; /* skip to next frame */
92		ND_PRINT((ndo, " frame flags+body  (8-bit) length %u", cp[0]));
93		ND_TCHECK2(*cp, header_len + 1); /* length, flags */
94		flags = cp[1];
95	} else {
96		header_len = 1 + 8; /* 0xFF, length */
97		ND_PRINT((ndo, " frame flags+body (64-bit) length"));
98		ND_TCHECK2(*cp, header_len); /* 0xFF, length */
99		body_len_declared = EXTRACT_64BITS(cp + 1);
100		if (body_len_declared == 0)
101			return cp + header_len; /* skip to next frame */
102		ND_PRINT((ndo, " %" PRIu64, body_len_declared));
103		ND_TCHECK2(*cp, header_len + 1); /* 0xFF, length, flags */
104		flags = cp[9];
105	}
106
107	body_len_captured = ep - cp - header_len;
108	if (body_len_declared > body_len_captured)
109		ND_PRINT((ndo, " (%" PRIu64 " captured)", body_len_captured));
110	ND_PRINT((ndo, ", flags 0x%02x", flags));
111
112	if (ndo->ndo_vflag) {
113		uint64_t body_len_printed = min(body_len_captured, body_len_declared);
114
115		ND_PRINT((ndo, " (%s|%s|%s|%s|%s|%s|%s|%s)",
116			flags & 0x80 ? "MBZ" : "-",
117			flags & 0x40 ? "MBZ" : "-",
118			flags & 0x20 ? "MBZ" : "-",
119			flags & 0x10 ? "MBZ" : "-",
120			flags & 0x08 ? "MBZ" : "-",
121			flags & 0x04 ? "MBZ" : "-",
122			flags & 0x02 ? "MBZ" : "-",
123			flags & 0x01 ? "MORE" : "-"));
124
125		if (ndo->ndo_vflag == 1)
126			body_len_printed = min(VBYTES + 1, body_len_printed);
127		if (body_len_printed > 1) {
128			ND_PRINT((ndo, ", first %" PRIu64 " byte(s) of body:", body_len_printed - 1));
129			hex_and_ascii_print(ndo, "\n\t ", cp + header_len + 1, body_len_printed - 1);
130			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n"));
131		}
132	}
133
134	ND_TCHECK2(*cp, header_len + body_len_declared); /* Next frame within the buffer ? */
135	return cp + header_len + body_len_declared;
136
137trunc:
138	ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tstr));
139	return ep;
140}
141
142void
143zmtp1_print(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *cp, u_int len)
144{
145	const u_char *ep = min(ndo->ndo_snapend, cp + len);
146
147	ND_PRINT((ndo, ": ZMTP/1.0"));
148	while (cp < ep)
149		cp = zmtp1_print_frame(ndo, cp, ep);
150}
151
152/* The functions below decode a ZeroMQ datagram, supposedly stored in the "Data"
153 * field of an ODATA/RDATA [E]PGM packet. An excerpt from zmq_pgm(7) man page
154 * follows.
155 *
156 * In order for late joining consumers to be able to identify message
157 * boundaries, each PGM datagram payload starts with a 16-bit unsigned integer
158 * in network byte order specifying either the offset of the first message frame
159 * in the datagram or containing the value 0xFFFF if the datagram contains
160 * solely an intermediate part of a larger message.
161 *
162 * Note that offset specifies where the first message begins rather than the
163 * first message part. Thus, if there are trailing message parts at the
164 * beginning of the packet the offset ignores them and points to first initial
165 * message part in the packet.
166 */
167
168static const u_char *
169zmtp1_print_intermediate_part(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *cp, const u_int len)
170{
171	u_int frame_offset;
172	uint64_t remaining_len;
173
174	ND_TCHECK2(*cp, 2);
175	frame_offset = EXTRACT_16BITS(cp);
176	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t frame offset 0x%04x", frame_offset));
177	cp += 2;
178	remaining_len = ndo->ndo_snapend - cp; /* without the frame length */
179
180	if (frame_offset == 0xFFFF)
181		frame_offset = len - 2; /* always within the declared length */
182	else if (2 + frame_offset > len) {
183		ND_PRINT((ndo, " (exceeds datagram declared length)"));
184		goto trunc;
185	}
186
187	/* offset within declared length of the datagram */
188	if (frame_offset) {
189		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t frame intermediate part, %u bytes", frame_offset));
190		if (frame_offset > remaining_len)
191			ND_PRINT((ndo, " (%"PRIu64" captured)", remaining_len));
192		if (ndo->ndo_vflag) {
193			uint64_t len_printed = min(frame_offset, remaining_len);
194
195			if (ndo->ndo_vflag == 1)
196				len_printed = min(VBYTES, len_printed);
197			if (len_printed > 1) {
198				ND_PRINT((ndo, ", first %"PRIu64" byte(s):", len_printed));
199				hex_and_ascii_print(ndo, "\n\t ", cp, len_printed);
200				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n"));
201			}
202		}
203	}
204	return cp + frame_offset;
205
206trunc:
207	ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tstr));
208	return cp + len;
209}
210
211void
212zmtp1_print_datagram(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *cp, const u_int len)
213{
214	const u_char *ep = min(ndo->ndo_snapend, cp + len);
215
216	cp = zmtp1_print_intermediate_part(ndo, cp, len);
217	while (cp < ep)
218		cp = zmtp1_print_frame(ndo, cp, ep);
219}
220