1/*
2** 2001 September 15
3**
4** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6**
7**    May you do good and not evil.
8**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10**
11*************************************************************************
12** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17**
18** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23**
24** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27**
28** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31** part of the build process.
32*/
33#ifndef SQLITE3_H
34#define SQLITE3_H
35#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36
37/*
38** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39*/
40#ifdef __cplusplus
41extern "C" {
42#endif
43
44
45/*
46** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47*/
48#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50#endif
51#ifndef SQLITE_API
52# define SQLITE_API
53#endif
54#ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55# define SQLITE_CDECL
56#endif
57#ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58# define SQLITE_APICALL
59#endif
60#ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61# define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62#endif
63#ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64# define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65#endif
66#ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67# define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68#endif
69
70/*
71** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76**
77** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81** noop macros.
82*/
83#define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84#define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85
86/*
87** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88*/
89#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90# undef SQLITE_VERSION
91#endif
92#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94#endif
95
96/*
97** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98**
99** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109** and Z will be reset to zero.
110**
111** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.
119**
120** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
121** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
122** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
123*/
124#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.18.2"
125#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3018002
126#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2017-06-17 09:59:36 036ebf729e4b21035d7f4f8e35a6f705e6bf99887889e2dc14ebf2242e7930dd"
127
128/*
129** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
130** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
131**
132** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
133** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
134** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
135** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
136** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
137** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
138** compiled with matching library and header files.
139**
140** <blockquote><pre>
141** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
142** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID)==0 );
143** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
144** </pre></blockquote>)^
145**
146** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
147** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
148** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
149** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
150** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
151** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
152** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
153** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
154** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.
155**
156** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
157*/
158SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
159SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
160SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
161SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
162
163/*
164** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
165**
166** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
167** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
168** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
169** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
170**
171** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
172** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
173** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
174** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
175** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
176** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
177**
178** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
179** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
180** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
181**
182** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
183** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
184*/
185#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
186SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
187SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
188#endif
189
190/*
191** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
192**
193** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
194** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
195** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
196**
197** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
198** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
199** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
200** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
201** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
202** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
203**
204** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
205** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
206** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
207** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
208**
209** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
210** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
211** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
212**
213** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
214** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
215** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
216** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
217** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
218** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
219** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
220** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
221** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
222** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
223**
224** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
225*/
226SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
227
228/*
229** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
230** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
231**
232** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
233** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
234** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
235** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
236** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
237** interfaces (such as
238** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
239** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
240** sqlite3 object.
241*/
242typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
243
244/*
245** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
246** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
247**
248** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
249** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
250**
251** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
252** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
253** compatibility only.
254**
255** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
256** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
257** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
258** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
259*/
260#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
261  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
262# ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
263    typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
264# else
265    typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
266# endif
267#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
268  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
269  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
270#else
271  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
272  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
273#endif
274typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
275typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
276
277/*
278** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
279** substitute integer for floating-point.
280*/
281#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
282# define double sqlite3_int64
283#endif
284
285/*
286** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
287** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
288**
289** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
290** for the [sqlite3] object.
291** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
292** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
293** resources are deallocated.
294**
295** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
296** statements or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then sqlite3_close()
297** will leave the database connection open and return [SQLITE_BUSY].
298** ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared statements
299** and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups, then the database connection becomes
300** an unusable "zombie" which will automatically be deallocated when the
301** last prepared statement is finalized or the last sqlite3_backup is
302** finished.  The sqlite3_close_v2() interface is intended for use with
303** host languages that are garbage collected, and where the order in which
304** destructors are called is arbitrary.
305**
306** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all [prepared statements],
307** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
308** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
309** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.  ^If
310** sqlite3_close_v2() is called on a [database connection] that still has
311** outstanding [prepared statements], [BLOB handles], and/or
312** [sqlite3_backup] objects then it returns [SQLITE_OK] and the deallocation
313** of resources is deferred until all [prepared statements], [BLOB handles],
314** and [sqlite3_backup] objects are also destroyed.
315**
316** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
317** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
318**
319** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
320** must be either a NULL
321** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
322** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
323** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
324** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
325** argument is a harmless no-op.
326*/
327SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
328SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
329
330/*
331** The type for a callback function.
332** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
333** compatibility and is not documented.
334*/
335typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
336
337/*
338** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
339** METHOD: sqlite3
340**
341** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
342** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
343** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
344** without having to use a lot of C code.
345**
346** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
347** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
348** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
349** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
350** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
351** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
352** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
353** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
354** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
355** ignored.
356**
357** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
358** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
359** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
360** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
361** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
362** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
363** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
364** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
365** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
366** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
367** NULL before returning.
368**
369** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
370** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
371** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
372**
373** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
374** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
375** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
376** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
377** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
378** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
379** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
380** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
381** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
382**
383** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
384** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
385** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
386** is not changed.
387**
388** Restrictions:
389**
390** <ul>
391** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
392**      is a valid and open [database connection].
393** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
394**      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
395** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
396**      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
397** </ul>
398*/
399SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
400  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
401  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
402  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
403  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
404  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
405);
406
407/*
408** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
409** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
410**
411** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
412** here in order to indicate success or failure.
413**
414** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
415**
416** See also: [extended result code definitions]
417*/
418#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
419/* beginning-of-error-codes */
420#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
421#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
422#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
423#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
424#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
425#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
426#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
427#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
428#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
429#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
430#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
431#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
432#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
433#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
434#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
435#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
436#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
437#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
438#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
439#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
440#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
441#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
442#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
443#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
444#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
445#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
446#define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
447#define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
448#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
449#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
450/* end-of-error-codes */
451
452/*
453** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
454** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
455**
456** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
457** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
458** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
459** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
460** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
461** and later) include
462** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
463** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
464** on a per database connection basis using the
465** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
466** the most recent error can be obtained using
467** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
468*/
469#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
470#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
471#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
472#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
473#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
474#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
475#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
476#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
477#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
478#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
479#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
480#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
481#define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
482#define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
483#define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
484#define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
485#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
486#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
487#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
488#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
489#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
490#define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
491#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
492#define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
493#define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
494#define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
495#define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
496#define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
497#define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
498#define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
499#define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
500#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
501#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
502#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
503#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
504#define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
505#define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
506#define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
507#define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
508#define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
509#define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
510#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
511#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
512#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
513#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
514#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
515#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
516#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
517#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
518#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
519#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
520#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
521#define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
522#define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
523#define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
524#define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
525
526/*
527** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
528**
529** These bit values are intended for use in the
530** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
531** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
532*/
533#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
534#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
535#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
536#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
537#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
538#define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
539#define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
540#define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
541#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
542#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
543#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
544#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
545#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
546#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
547#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
548#define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
549#define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
550#define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
551#define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
552#define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
553
554/* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
555
556/*
557** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
558**
559** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
560** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
561** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
562** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
563** refers to.
564**
565** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
566** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
567** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
568** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
569** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
570** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
571** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
572** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
573** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
574** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
575** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
576** file that were written at the application level might have changed
577** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
578** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
579** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
580** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
581** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
582** elevated privileges.
583*/
584#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
585#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
586#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
587#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
588#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
589#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
590#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
591#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
592#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
593#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
594#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
595#define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
596#define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
597#define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
598
599/*
600** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
601**
602** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
603** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
604** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
605*/
606#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
607#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
608#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
609#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
610#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
611
612/*
613** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
614**
615** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
616** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
617** these integer values as the second argument.
618**
619** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
620** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
621** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
622** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
623** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
624** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
625**
626** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
627** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
628** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
629** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
630** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
631** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
632** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
633** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
634** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
635** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
636** cares about the difference.)
637*/
638#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
639#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
640#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
641
642/*
643** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
644**
645** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
646** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
647** implementations will
648** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
649** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
650** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
651** I/O operations on the open file.
652*/
653typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
654struct sqlite3_file {
655  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
656};
657
658/*
659** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
660**
661** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
662** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
663** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
664** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
665** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
666**
667** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
668** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
669** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
670** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
671** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
672** to NULL.
673**
674** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
675** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
676** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
677** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
678** and not its inode needs to be synced.
679**
680** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
681** <ul>
682** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
683** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
684** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
685** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
686** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
687** </ul>
688** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
689** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
690** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
691** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
692** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
693**
694** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
695** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
696** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
697** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
698** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
699** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
700** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
701** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
702** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
703** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
704** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
705** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
706** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
707** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
708** recognize.
709**
710** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
711** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
712** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
713** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
714** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
715** underlying device:
716**
717** <ul>
718** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
719** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
720** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
721** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
722** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
723** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
724** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
725** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
726** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
727** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
728** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
729** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
730** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
731** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
732** </ul>
733**
734** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
735** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
736** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
737** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
738** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
739** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
740** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
741** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
742** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
743** to xWrite().
744**
745** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
746** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
747** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
748** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
749** database corruption.
750*/
751typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
752struct sqlite3_io_methods {
753  int iVersion;
754  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
755  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
756  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
757  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
758  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
759  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
760  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
761  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
762  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
763  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
764  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
765  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
766  /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
767  int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
768  int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
769  void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
770  int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
771  /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
772  int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
773  int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
774  /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
775  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
776};
777
778/*
779** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
780** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
781**
782** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
783** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
784** interface.
785**
786** <ul>
787** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
788** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
789** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
790** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
791** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
792** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
793** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
794** compile-time option is used.
795**
796** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
797** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
798** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
799** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
800** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
801** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
802** file run faster.
803**
804** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
805** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
806** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
807** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
808** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
809** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
810** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
811** improve performance on some systems.
812**
813** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
814** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
815** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
816** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
817**
818** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
819** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
820** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
821** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
822** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
823**
824** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
825** No longer in use.
826**
827** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
828** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
829** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
830** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
831** because the user has configured SQLite with
832** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
833** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
834** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
835** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
836** string containing the transactions master-journal file name. VFSes that
837** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
838** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
839** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
840**
841** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
842** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
843** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
844** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
845** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
846** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
847** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
848**
849** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
850** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
851** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
852** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
853** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
854** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
855** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
856** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
857** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
858** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
859** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
860** integers where the first integer i the new retry count and the second
861** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
862** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
863** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
864** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
865**
866** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
867** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
868** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
869** write ahead log and shared memory files used for transaction control
870** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
871** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
872** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
873** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
874** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
875** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
876** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
877** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
878** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
879** WAL persistence setting.
880**
881** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
882** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
883** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
884** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
885** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
886** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
887** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
888** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
889** zero-damage mode setting.
890**
891** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
892** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
893** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
894** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
895** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
896**
897** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
898** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
899** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
900** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
901** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
902** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
903** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
904** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
905** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
906** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
907** is intended for diagnostic use only.
908**
909** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
910** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
911** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
912** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
913** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
914** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
915** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
916** upper-most shim only.
917**
918** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
919** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
920** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
921** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
922** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
923** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
924** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
925** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
926** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
927** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
928** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
929** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
930** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
931** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
932** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
933** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
934** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
935** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
936** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
937** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
938** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
939** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
940** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
941** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
942**
943** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
944** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
945** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
946** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
947** to the connections busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void **)
948** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
949** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connections
950** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
951** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
952** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
953** current operation.
954**
955** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
956** ^Application can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
957** to have SQLite generate a
958** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
959** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
960** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
961** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
962** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
963**
964** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
965** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
966** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
967** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
968** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
969** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
970** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
971** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
972** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
973**
974** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
975** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
976** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
977** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
978** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
979** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
980** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
981**
982** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
983** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
984** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
985** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
986** was first opened.
987**
988** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
989** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
990** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
991** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
992** writes the resulting value there.
993**
994** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
995** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
996** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
997** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
998** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
999**
1000** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1001** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1002** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1003** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1004** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1005** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1006**
1007** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1008** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1009** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1010**
1011** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1012** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1013** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1014** this opcode.
1015** </ul>
1016*/
1017#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1018#define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1019#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1020#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1021#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1022#define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1023#define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1024#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1025#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1026#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1027#define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1028#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1029#define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1030#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1031#define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1032#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1033#define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1034#define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1035#define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1036#define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1037#define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1038#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1039#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1040#define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1041#define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1042#define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1043#define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1044#define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1045#define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1046
1047/* deprecated names */
1048#define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1049#define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1050#define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1051
1052
1053/*
1054** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1055**
1056** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1057** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1058** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1059** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1060**
1061** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1062*/
1063typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1064
1065/*
1066** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1067**
1068** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1069** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1070** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1071** on some platforms.
1072*/
1073typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1074
1075/*
1076** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1077**
1078** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1079** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1080** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1081** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1082**
1083** The value of the iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger in
1084** future versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
1085** object when the iVersion value is increased.  Note that the structure
1086** of the sqlite3_vfs object changes in the transaction between
1087** SQLite version 3.5.9 and 3.6.0 and yet the iVersion field was not
1088** modified.
1089**
1090** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1091** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1092** a pathname in this VFS.
1093**
1094** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1095** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1096** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1097** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1098** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1099** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1100**
1101** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1102** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1103** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1104** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1105** object once the object has been registered.
1106**
1107** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1108** be unique across all VFS modules.
1109**
1110** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1111** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1112** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1113** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1114** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1115** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1116** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1117** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1118** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1119** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1120** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1121** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1122** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1123** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1124** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1125** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1126**
1127** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1128** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1129** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1130** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1131** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1132** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1133**
1134** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1135** call, depending on the object being opened:
1136**
1137** <ul>
1138** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1139** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1140** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1141** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1142** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1143** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1144** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
1145** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1146** </ul>)^
1147**
1148** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1149** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1150** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1151** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1152** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1153** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1154** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1155** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1156**
1157** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1158**
1159** <ul>
1160** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1161** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1162** </ul>
1163**
1164** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1165** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1166** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1167** databases, and subjournals.
1168**
1169** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1170** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1171** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1172** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1173** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1174** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1175** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1176** for exclusive access.
1177**
1178** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1179** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1180** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1181** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1182** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1183** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1184** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1185** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1186** or failure of the xOpen call.
1187**
1188** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1189** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1190** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1191** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1192** to test whether a file is at least readable.   The file can be a
1193** directory.
1194**
1195** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1196** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1197** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1198** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1199** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1200** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1201**
1202** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1203** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1204** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1205** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1206** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1207** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1208** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1209** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1210** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1211** a floating point value.
1212** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1213** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1214** a 24-hour day).
1215** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1216** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1217** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1218** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1219**
1220** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1221** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1222** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1223** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1224** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1225** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1226** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1227** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1228** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1229** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1230** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1231*/
1232typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1233typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1234struct sqlite3_vfs {
1235  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1236  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1237  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1238  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1239  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1240  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1241  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1242               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1243  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1244  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1245  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1246  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1247  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1248  void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1249  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1250  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1251  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1252  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1253  int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1254  /*
1255  ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1256  ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1257  */
1258  int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1259  /*
1260  ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1261  ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1262  */
1263  int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1264  sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1265  const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1266  /*
1267  ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1268  ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1269  ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1270  */
1271};
1272
1273/*
1274** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1275**
1276** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1277** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1278** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1279** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1280** simply checks whether the file exists.
1281** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1282** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1283** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1284** the directory).
1285** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1286** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1287** release of SQLite.
1288** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1289** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1290** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1291** SQLite.
1292*/
1293#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1294#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1295#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1296
1297/*
1298** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1299**
1300** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1301** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1302** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1303** xShmLock method:
1304**
1305** <ul>
1306** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1307** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1308** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1309** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1310** </ul>
1311**
1312** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1313** was given on the corresponding lock.
1314**
1315** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1316** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1317** and EXCLUSIVE.
1318*/
1319#define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1320#define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1321#define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1322#define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1323
1324/*
1325** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1326**
1327** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1328** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1329** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1330** lock outside of this range
1331*/
1332#define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1333
1334
1335/*
1336** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1337**
1338** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1339** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1340** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1341** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1342** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1343** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1344**
1345** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1346** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1347** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1348** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1349** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1350** are harmless no-ops.)^
1351**
1352** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1353** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1354** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1355** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1356**
1357** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1358** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1359** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1360** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1361** sqlite3_shutdown().
1362**
1363** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1364** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1365** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1366**
1367** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1368** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1369** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1370** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1371**
1372** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1373** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1374** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1375** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1376** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1377** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1378** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1379** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1380** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1381** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1382** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1383** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1384** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1385** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1386**
1387** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1388** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1389** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1390** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1391** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1392** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1393** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1394**
1395** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1396** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1397** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1398** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1399** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1400** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1401** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1402** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1403** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1404** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1405** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1406** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1407** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1408** failure.
1409*/
1410SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1411SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1412SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1413SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1414
1415/*
1416** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1417**
1418** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1419** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1420** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1421** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1422** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1423**
1424** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1425** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1426** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1427**
1428** The sqlite3_config() interface
1429** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1430** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1431** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1432** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1433** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1434** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1435**
1436** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1437** [configuration option] that determines
1438** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1439** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1440** in the first argument.
1441**
1442** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1443** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1444** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1445*/
1446SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1447
1448/*
1449** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1450** METHOD: sqlite3
1451**
1452** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1453** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1454** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1455** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1456**
1457** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1458** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1459** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1460** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1461**
1462** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1463** the call is considered successful.
1464*/
1465SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1466
1467/*
1468** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1469**
1470** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1471** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1472**
1473** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1474** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1475** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1476** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1477** By creating an instance of this object
1478** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1479** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1480** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1481** dynamic memory needs.
1482**
1483** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1484** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1485** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1486** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1487** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1488** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1489** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1490** conditions.
1491**
1492** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1493** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1494** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1495** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1496**
1497** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1498** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1499** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1500**
1501** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1502** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1503** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1504** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1505** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1506** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1507** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1508**
1509** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1510** it might allocate any require mutexes or initialize internal data
1511** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1512** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1513** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1514** xInit and xShutdown.
1515**
1516** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER] mutex when it invokes
1517** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1518** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1519** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1520** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1521** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1522** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1523** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1524** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1525** serialization.
1526**
1527** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1528** call to xShutdown().
1529*/
1530typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1531struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1532  void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1533  void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1534  void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1535  int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1536  int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1537  int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1538  void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1539  void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1540};
1541
1542/*
1543** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1544** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1545**
1546** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1547** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1548**
1549** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1550** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1551** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1552** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1553** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1554** is invoked.
1555**
1556** <dl>
1557** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1558** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1559** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1560** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1561** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1562** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1563** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1564** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1565** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1566** configuration option.</dd>
1567**
1568** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1569** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1570** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1571** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1572** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1573** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1574** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1575** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1576** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1577** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1578** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1579** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1580** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1581**
1582** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1583** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1584** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1585** all mutexes including the recursive
1586** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1587** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1588** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1589** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1590** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1591** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1592** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1593** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1594** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1595** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1596** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1597**
1598** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1599** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1600** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1601** The argument specifies
1602** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1603** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1604** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1605** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1606**
1607** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1608** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1609** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1610** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1611** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1612** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1613** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1614** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1615**
1616** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1617** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1618** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1619** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1620** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1621**   <ul>
1622**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1623**   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1624**   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1625**   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1626**   </ul>)^
1627** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1628** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1629** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1630** </dd>
1631**
1632** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1633** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option specifies a static memory buffer
1634** that SQLite can use for scratch memory.  ^(There are three arguments
1635** to SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH:  A pointer an 8-byte
1636** aligned memory buffer from which the scratch allocations will be
1637** drawn, the size of each scratch allocation (sz),
1638** and the maximum number of scratch allocations (N).)^
1639** The first argument must be a pointer to an 8-byte aligned buffer
1640** of at least sz*N bytes of memory.
1641** ^SQLite will not use more than one scratch buffers per thread.
1642** ^SQLite will never request a scratch buffer that is more than 6
1643** times the database page size.
1644** ^If SQLite needs needs additional
1645** scratch memory beyond what is provided by this configuration option, then
1646** [sqlite3_malloc()] will be used to obtain the memory needed.<p>
1647** ^When the application provides any amount of scratch memory using
1648** SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH, SQLite avoids unnecessary large
1649** [sqlite3_malloc|heap allocations].
1650** This can help [Robson proof|prevent memory allocation failures] due to heap
1651** fragmentation in low-memory embedded systems.
1652** </dd>
1653**
1654** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1655** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1656** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1657** cache implementation.
1658** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-define page
1659** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1660** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1661** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1662** and the number of cache lines (N).
1663** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1664** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1665** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1666** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1667** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1668** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1669** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1670** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1671** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1672** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1673** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1674** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1675** is exhausted.
1676** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1677** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1678** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1679** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1680** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1681** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1682** additional cache line. </dd>
1683**
1684** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1685** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1686** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1687** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and
1688** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1689** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1690** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1691** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1692** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1693** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1694** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1695** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1696** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1697** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1698** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1699** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1700** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1701** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1702** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1703** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1704**
1705** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1706** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1707** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1708** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1709** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1710** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1711** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1712** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1713** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1714** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1715** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1716**
1717** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1718** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1719** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1720** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1721** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1722** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1723** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1724** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1725** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1726** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1727** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1728** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1729**
1730** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1731** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1732** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1733** The first argument is the
1734** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1735** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1736** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1737** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1738** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1739**
1740** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1741** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1742** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1743** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1744** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1745**
1746** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1747** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1748** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1749** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1750**
1751** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1752** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1753** global [error log].
1754** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1755** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1756** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1757** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1758** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1759** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1760** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1761** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1762** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1763** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1764** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1765** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1766** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1767** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1768** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1769** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1770**
1771** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1772** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1773** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1774** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1775** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1776** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1777** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1778** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1779** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1780** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1781** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1782** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1783** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1784**
1785** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1786** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1787** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1788** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1789** ^The default setting is determined
1790** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1791** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1792** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1793** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1794** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1795** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1796** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1797**
1798** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1799** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1800** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1801** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1802** </dd>
1803**
1804** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1805** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1806** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1807** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1808** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1809** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1810** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1811** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1812** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1813** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1814** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1815** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1816** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1817** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1818** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1819** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1820**
1821** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1822** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1823** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1824** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1825** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1826** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1827** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1828** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1829** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1830** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1831** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1832** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1833** changed to its compile-time default.
1834**
1835** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1836** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1837** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1838** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1839** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1840** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1841**
1842** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1843** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1844** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1845** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1846** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1847** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1848** target platform, and SQLite version.
1849**
1850** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1851** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1852** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1853** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1854** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1855** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1856** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1857** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1858** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1859** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1860**
1861** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1862** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1863** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1864** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1865** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1866** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1867** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1868** exclusively in memory.
1869** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1870** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1871** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1872** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
1873** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
1874** </dl>
1875*/
1876#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
1877#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
1878#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
1879#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1880#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
1881#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1882#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
1883#define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
1884#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
1885#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1886#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
1887/* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
1888#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
1889#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
1890#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
1891#define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
1892#define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
1893#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1894#define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
1895#define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
1896#define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
1897#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
1898#define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
1899#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
1900#define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
1901#define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
1902
1903/*
1904** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
1905**
1906** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1907** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
1908**
1909** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1910** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1911** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
1912** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
1913** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1914** is invoked.
1915**
1916** <dl>
1917** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1918** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
1919** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
1920** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
1921** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
1922** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
1923** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
1924** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
1925** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
1926** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
1927** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
1928** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
1929** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
1930** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
1931** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
1932** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
1933** when the "current value" returned by
1934** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
1935** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
1936** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
1937** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
1938**
1939** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
1940** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
1941** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
1942** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
1943** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
1944** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1945** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
1946** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1947** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
1948**
1949** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
1950** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
1951** There should be two additional arguments.
1952** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
1953** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
1954** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1955** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
1956** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1957** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
1958**
1959** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
1960** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the two-argument
1961** version of the [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
1962** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
1963** There should be two additional arguments.
1964** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
1965** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
1966** unchanged.
1967** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1968** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
1969** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
1970** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
1971**
1972** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
1973** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
1974** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
1975** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
1976** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
1977** There should be two additional arguments.
1978** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
1979** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
1980** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
1981** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
1982** C-API or the SQL function.
1983** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
1984** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
1985** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
1986** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
1987** </dd>
1988**
1989** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
1990** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
1991** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
1992** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
1993** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
1994** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
1995** until after the database connection closes.
1996** </dd>
1997**
1998** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
1999** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2000** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2001** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2002** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2003** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2004** is an integer - non-zero to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2005** default) to enable them. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2006** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2007** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2008** </dd>
2009**
2010** </dl>
2011*/
2012#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2013#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2014#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2015#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2016#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2017#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2018#define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2019
2020
2021/*
2022** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2023** METHOD: sqlite3
2024**
2025** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2026** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2027** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2028*/
2029SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2030
2031/*
2032** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2033** METHOD: sqlite3
2034**
2035** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2036** has a unique 64-bit signed
2037** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2038** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2039** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2040** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2041** is another alias for the rowid.
2042**
2043** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2044** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2045** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2046** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2047** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2048** zero.
2049**
2050** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2051** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2052** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2053**
2054** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2055** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2056** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2057** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2058** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2059** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2060** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2061** control to the user.
2062**
2063** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2064** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2065** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2066** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2067**
2068** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2069** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2070** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2071** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2072** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2073** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2074** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2075** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2076** the return value of this interface.)^
2077**
2078** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2079** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2080**
2081** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2082** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2083**
2084** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2085** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2086** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2087** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2088** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2089** last insert [rowid].
2090*/
2091SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2092
2093/*
2094** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2095** METHOD: sqlite3
2096**
2097** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2098** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2099** without inserting a row into the database.
2100*/
2101SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2102
2103/*
2104** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2105** METHOD: sqlite3
2106**
2107** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2108** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2109** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2110** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2111** returned by this function.
2112**
2113** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2114** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2115** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2116**
2117** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2118** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2119** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2120** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2121** tables are counted.
2122**
2123** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2124** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2125** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2126** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2127**
2128** <ul>
2129**   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2130**        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2131**        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2132**
2133**   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2134**        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2135**        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2136**        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2137**        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2138** </ul>
2139**
2140** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2141** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2142** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2143** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2144** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2145** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2146**
2147** See also the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface, the
2148** [count_changes pragma], and the [changes() SQL function].
2149**
2150** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2151** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2152** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2153*/
2154SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2155
2156/*
2157** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2158** METHOD: sqlite3
2159**
2160** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2161** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2162** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2163** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2164** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2165**
2166** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2167** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2168** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2169** are not counted.
2170**
2171** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface, the
2172** [count_changes pragma], and the [total_changes() SQL function].
2173**
2174** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2175** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2176** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2177*/
2178SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2179
2180/*
2181** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2182** METHOD: sqlite3
2183**
2184** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2185** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2186** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2187** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2188** immediately.
2189**
2190** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2191** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2192** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2193** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2194**
2195** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2196** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2197** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2198**
2199** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2200** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2201** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2202** will be rolled back automatically.
2203**
2204** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2205** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2206** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2207** running statements reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2208** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2209** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2210** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2211** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2212** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2213** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2214**
2215** If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
2216** is running then bad things will likely happen.
2217*/
2218SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2219
2220/*
2221** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2222**
2223** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2224** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2225** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2226** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2227** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2228** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2229** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2230** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2231** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2232** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2233** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2234**
2235** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2236** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2237**
2238** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2239** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2240**
2241** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2242** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2243** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2244** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2245** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2246**
2247** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2248** UTF-8 string.
2249**
2250** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2251** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2252*/
2253SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2254SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2255
2256/*
2257** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2258** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2259** METHOD: sqlite3
2260**
2261** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2262** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2263** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2264** [database connection] D when another thread
2265** or process has the table locked.
2266** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2267** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2268**
2269** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2270** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2271** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2272**
2273** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2274** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2275** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2276** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2277** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2278** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2279** to the application.
2280** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2281** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2282**
2283** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2284** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2285** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2286** to the application instead of invoking the
2287** busy handler.
2288** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2289** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2290** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2291** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2292** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2293** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2294** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2295** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2296** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2297** the second process to proceed.
2298**
2299** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2300**
2301** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2302** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2303** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2304** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2305** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2306**
2307** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2308** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2309** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2310** result in undefined behavior.
2311**
2312** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2313** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2314*/
2315SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2316
2317/*
2318** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2319** METHOD: sqlite3
2320**
2321** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2322** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2323** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2324** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2325** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2326** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2327**
2328** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2329** turns off all busy handlers.
2330**
2331** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2332** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2333** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2334** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2335**
2336** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2337*/
2338SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2339
2340/*
2341** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2342** METHOD: sqlite3
2343**
2344** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2345** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2346**
2347** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2348** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2349** complete query results from one or more queries.
2350**
2351** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2352** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2353** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2354** and M be the number of columns.
2355**
2356** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2357** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2358** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2359** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2360** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2361** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2362**
2363** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2364** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2365** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2366**
2367** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2368** is as follows:
2369**
2370** <blockquote><pre>
2371**        Name        | Age
2372**        -----------------------
2373**        Alice       | 43
2374**        Bob         | 28
2375**        Cindy       | 21
2376** </pre></blockquote>
2377**
2378** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2379** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2380** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2381**
2382** <blockquote><pre>
2383**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2384**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2385**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2386**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2387**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2388**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2389**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2390**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2391** </pre></blockquote>)^
2392**
2393** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2394** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2395** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2396** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2397**
2398** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2399** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2400** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2401** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2402** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2403** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2404**
2405** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2406** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2407** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2408** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2409** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2410** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2411** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2412*/
2413SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
2414  sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2415  const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2416  char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2417  int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2418  int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2419  char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2420);
2421SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2422
2423/*
2424** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2425**
2426** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2427** from the standard C library.
2428** These routines understand most of the common K&R formatting options,
2429** plus some additional non-standard formats, detailed below.
2430** Note that some of the more obscure formatting options from recent
2431** C-library standards are omitted from this implementation.
2432**
2433** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2434** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
2435** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2436** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2437** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
2438** memory to hold the resulting string.
2439**
2440** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2441** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2442** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2443** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2444** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2445** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2446** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2447** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2448** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2449** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2450** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2451** now without breaking compatibility.
2452**
2453** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2454** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2455** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2456** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2457** written will be n-1 characters.
2458**
2459** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2460**
2461** These routines all implement some additional formatting
2462** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
2463** All of the usual printf() formatting options apply.  In addition, there
2464** is are "%q", "%Q", "%w" and "%z" options.
2465**
2466** ^(The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a nul-terminated
2467** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
2468** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.)^  By doubling each '\''
2469** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
2470** the string.
2471**
2472** For example, assume the string variable zText contains text as follows:
2473**
2474** <blockquote><pre>
2475**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
2476** </pre></blockquote>
2477**
2478** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
2479**
2480** <blockquote><pre>
2481**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
2482**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2483**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2484** </pre></blockquote>
2485**
2486** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
2487** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
2488**
2489** <blockquote><pre>
2490**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
2491** </pre></blockquote>
2492**
2493** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
2494** would have looked like this:
2495**
2496** <blockquote><pre>
2497**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
2498** </pre></blockquote>
2499**
2500** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you should
2501** always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string literal.
2502**
2503** ^(The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
2504** the outside of the total string.  Additionally, if the parameter in the
2505** argument list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without
2506** single quotes).)^  So, for example, one could say:
2507**
2508** <blockquote><pre>
2509**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
2510**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
2511**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
2512** </pre></blockquote>
2513**
2514** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
2515** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
2516**
2517** ^(The "%w" formatting option is like "%q" except that it expects to
2518** be contained within double-quotes instead of single quotes, and it
2519** escapes the double-quote character instead of the single-quote
2520** character.)^  The "%w" formatting option is intended for safely inserting
2521** table and column names into a constructed SQL statement.
2522**
2523** ^(The "%z" formatting option works like "%s" but with the
2524** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
2525** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string.)^
2526*/
2527SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2528SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2529SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2530SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2531
2532/*
2533** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2534**
2535** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2536** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2537** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
2538** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2539**
2540** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2541** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2542** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2543** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2544** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2545** a NULL pointer.
2546**
2547** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2548** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2549** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2550**
2551** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2552** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2553** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2554** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2555** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2556** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2557** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2558** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2559** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2560** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2561**
2562** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2563** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2564** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2565** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2566** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2567** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2568** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2569** sqlite3_free(X).
2570** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2571** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2572** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2573** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2574** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2575** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2576** prior allocation is not freed.
2577**
2578** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2579** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2580** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2581**
2582** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2583** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2584** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2585** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2586** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2587** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2588** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2589** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2590** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2591**
2592** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2593** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2594** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2595** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2596** option is used.
2597**
2598** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
2599** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
2600** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
2601** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be used.
2602**
2603** Prior to SQLite version 3.7.10, the Windows OS interface layer called
2604** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
2605** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
2606** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular Windows
2607** installation.  Memory allocation errors were detected, but
2608** they were reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
2609** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
2610**
2611** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2612** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2613** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2614** not yet been released.
2615**
2616** The application must not read or write any part of
2617** a block of memory after it has been released using
2618** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2619*/
2620SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2621SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2622SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2623SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2624SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
2625SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2626
2627/*
2628** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2629**
2630** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2631** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2632** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2633**
2634** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2635** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2636** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2637** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2638** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2639** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2640** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2641** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2642** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2643**
2644** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2645** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2646** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2647** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2648** prior to the reset.
2649*/
2650SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2651SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2652
2653/*
2654** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2655**
2656** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2657** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2658** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2659** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2660** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2661**
2662** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2663** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2664**
2665** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2666** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2667** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2668** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2669** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2670** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2671** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2672** method.
2673*/
2674SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2675
2676/*
2677** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2678** METHOD: sqlite3
2679**
2680** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2681** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2682** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2683** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2684** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  ^At various
2685** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2686** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2687** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2688** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2689** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2690** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2691** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2692** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2693** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2694** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2695**
2696** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2697** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2698** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2699** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2700** access is denied.
2701**
2702** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2703** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2704** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2705** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2706** to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain additional
2707** details about the action to be authorized.
2708**
2709** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2710** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2711** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2712** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2713** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2714** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2715** columns of a table.
2716** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2717** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2718** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2719**
2720** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2721** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2722** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2723** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2724** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2725** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
2726** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
2727** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
2728** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
2729** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
2730**
2731** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
2732** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
2733** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
2734** in addition to using an authorizer.
2735**
2736** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
2737** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
2738** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
2739** The authorizer is disabled by default.
2740**
2741** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
2742** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
2743** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2744** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2745**
2746** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
2747** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
2748** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
2749** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
2750**
2751** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
2752** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
2753** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
2754** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
2755** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
2756*/
2757SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
2758  sqlite3*,
2759  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
2760  void *pUserData
2761);
2762
2763/*
2764** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
2765**
2766** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
2767** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
2768** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
2769** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
2770** information.
2771**
2772** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
2773** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
2774*/
2775#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
2776#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
2777
2778/*
2779** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
2780**
2781** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
2782** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
2783** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
2784** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
2785** the authorizer callback may be passed.
2786**
2787** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
2788** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
2789** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
2790** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
2791** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
2792** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
2793** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
2794** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
2795** top-level SQL code.
2796*/
2797/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
2798#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2799#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2800#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2801#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2802#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2803#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
2804#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2805#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
2806#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2807#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2808#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2809#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
2810#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2811#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2812#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
2813#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
2814#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
2815#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2816#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
2817#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2818#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
2819#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
2820#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
2821#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
2822#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
2823#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
2824#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
2825#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
2826#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2827#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
2828#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
2829#define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
2830#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
2831#define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
2832
2833/*
2834** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
2835** METHOD: sqlite3
2836**
2837** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
2838** instead of the routines described here.
2839**
2840** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
2841** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
2842**
2843** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
2844** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
2845** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
2846** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
2847** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
2848** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
2849** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
2850**
2851** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
2852** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
2853**
2854** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
2855** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
2856** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
2857** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
2858** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
2859** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
2860** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
2861** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  The
2862** sqlite3_profile() function is considered experimental and is
2863** subject to change in future versions of SQLite.
2864*/
2865SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
2866   void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
2867SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
2868   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
2869
2870/*
2871** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
2872** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
2873**
2874** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
2875** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The third argument
2876** to [sqlite3_trace_v2()] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
2877** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
2878** is one of the following constants.
2879**
2880** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
2881**
2882** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
2883** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
2884** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
2885** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
2886** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2887**
2888** <dl>
2889** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
2890** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
2891** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
2892** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
2893** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
2894** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
2895** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
2896** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
2897** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
2898** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
2899** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
2900**
2901** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
2902** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
2903** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
2904** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2905** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
2906** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
2907** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
2908**
2909** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
2910** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
2911** statement generates a single row of result.
2912** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
2913** X argument is unused.
2914**
2915** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
2916** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
2917** connection closes.
2918** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
2919** and the X argument is unused.
2920** </dl>
2921*/
2922#define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
2923#define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
2924#define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
2925#define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
2926
2927/*
2928** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
2929** METHOD: sqlite3
2930**
2931** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
2932** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
2933** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
2934** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
2935** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
2936** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
2937**
2938** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
2939** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
2940**
2941** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
2942** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
2943** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
2944** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
2945**
2946** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
2947** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
2948** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
2949** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
2950** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
2951**
2952** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
2953** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
2954** are deprecated.
2955*/
2956SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
2957  sqlite3*,
2958  unsigned uMask,
2959  int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
2960  void *pCtx
2961);
2962
2963/*
2964** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
2965** METHOD: sqlite3
2966**
2967** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
2968** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
2969** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
2970** database connection D.  An example use for this
2971** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
2972**
2973** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
2974** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
2975** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
2976** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
2977** handler is disabled.
2978**
2979** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
2980** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
2981** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
2982** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
2983** than 1.
2984**
2985** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
2986** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
2987** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
2988**
2989** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
2990** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
2991** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
2992** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
2993**
2994*/
2995SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
2996
2997/*
2998** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
2999** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3000**
3001** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3002** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3003** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3004** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3005** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3006** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3007** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3008** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3009** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3010** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3011** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3012** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3013**
3014** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3015** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3016** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3017**
3018** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3019** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3020** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3021**
3022** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3023** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3024** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3025** sqlite3_open_v2() can take one of
3026** the following three values, optionally combined with the
3027** [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX], [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE],
3028** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE], and/or [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flags:)^
3029**
3030** <dl>
3031** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3032** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3033** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3034**
3035** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3036** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3037** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3038** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3039**
3040** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3041** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3042** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3043** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3044** </dl>
3045**
3046** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3047** combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3048** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3049** then the behavior is undefined.
3050**
3051** ^If the [SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX] flag is set, then the database connection
3052** opens in the multi-thread [threading mode] as long as the single-thread
3053** mode has not been set at compile-time or start-time.  ^If the
3054** [SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX] flag is set then the database connection opens
3055** in the serialized [threading mode] unless single-thread was
3056** previously selected at compile-time or start-time.
3057** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag causes the database connection to be
3058** eligible to use [shared cache mode], regardless of whether or not shared
3059** cache is enabled using [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].  ^The
3060** [SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE] flag causes the database connection to not
3061** participate in [shared cache mode] even if it is enabled.
3062**
3063** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3064** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3065** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3066** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3067**
3068** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3069** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3070** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3071** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3072** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3073** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3074** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3075**
3076** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3077** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3078** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3079**
3080** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3081**
3082** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3083** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3084** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3085** set in the fourth argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3086** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3087** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3088** As of SQLite version 3.7.7, URI filename interpretation is turned off
3089** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3090** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3091** information.
3092**
3093** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3094** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3095** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3096** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3097** present, is ignored.
3098**
3099** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3100** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3101** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3102** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3103** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3104** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3105** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3106**
3107** [[core URI query parameters]]
3108** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3109** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3110** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3111** following query parameters:
3112**
3113** <ul>
3114**   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3115**     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3116**     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3117**     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3118**     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3119**     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3120**     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3121**
3122**   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3123**     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3124**     an error)^.
3125**     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3126**     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3127**     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3128**     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3129**     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3130**     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3131**     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3132**     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3133**     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3134**     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3135**     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3136**
3137**   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3138**     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3139**     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3140**     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3141**     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3142**     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3143**     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3144**     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3145**
3146**  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3147**     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3148**     storage media on which the database file resides.
3149**
3150**  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3151**     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3152**     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3153**     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3154**     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3155**     processes uses nolock=1.
3156**
3157**  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3158**     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3159**     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3160**     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3161**     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3162**     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3163**     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3164**     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3165**     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3166**
3167** </ul>
3168**
3169** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3170** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3171** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3172** additional information.
3173**
3174** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3175**
3176** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3177** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3178** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3179**          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3180** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3181**          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3182**          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3183**          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3184** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3185**          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3186** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3187**          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3188**     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3189**          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3190**          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3191**          in URI filenames.
3192** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3193**          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3194**          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3195**          default, use a private cache.
3196** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3197**          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3198**          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3199** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3200**          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3201** </table>
3202**
3203** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3204** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3205** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3206** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3207** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3208** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3209** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3210** the results are undefined.
3211**
3212** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3213** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3214** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3215** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3216** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3217**
3218** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3219** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3220** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3221**
3222** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3223*/
3224SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3225  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3226  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3227);
3228SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3229  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3230  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3231);
3232SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3233  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3234  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3235  int flags,              /* Flags */
3236  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3237);
3238
3239/*
3240** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3241**
3242** These are utility routines, useful to VFS implementations, that check
3243** to see if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3244** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3245**
3246** If F is the database filename pointer passed into the xOpen() method of
3247** a VFS implementation when the flags parameter to xOpen() has one or
3248** more of the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] or [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB] bits set and
3249** P is the name of the query parameter, then
3250** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3251** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3252** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F
3253** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3254** a pointer to an empty string.
3255**
3256** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3257** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3258** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3259** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3260** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3261** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3262** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3263** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3264** parameter on F or if the value of P is does not match any of the
3265** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3266**
3267** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3268** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3269** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3270** zero is returned.
3271**
3272** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3273** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3274** is not a database file pathname pointer that SQLite passed into the xOpen
3275** VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined and probably
3276** undesirable.
3277*/
3278SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3279SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3280SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3281
3282
3283/*
3284** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3285** METHOD: sqlite3
3286**
3287** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3288** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3289** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3290** API call.
3291** If the most recent API call was successful,
3292** then the return value from sqlite3_errcode() is undefined.
3293** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3294** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3295** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3296** disabled.
3297**
3298** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3299** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3300** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3301** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3302** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3303** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3304**
3305** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3306** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3307** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3308** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3309**
3310** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3311** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3312** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3313** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3314** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3315** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3316** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3317** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3318** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3319**
3320** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3321** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3322** error code and message may or may not be set.
3323*/
3324SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3325SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3326SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3327SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3328SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3329
3330/*
3331** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3332** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3333**
3334** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3335** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3336**
3337** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3338** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3339** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3340** prepared statement before it can be run.
3341**
3342** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3343**
3344** <ol>
3345** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3346** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3347**      interfaces.
3348** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3349** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3350**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3351** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3352** </ol>
3353*/
3354typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3355
3356/*
3357** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3358** METHOD: sqlite3
3359**
3360** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3361** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3362** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3363** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3364** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3365** new limit for that construct.)^
3366**
3367** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3368** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3369** [limits | hard upper bound]
3370** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3371** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3372** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3373** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3374** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3375**
3376** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3377** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3378** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3379** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3380**
3381** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3382** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3383** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3384** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3385** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3386** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3387** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3388** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3389** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3390** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3391** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3392** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3393**
3394** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3395*/
3396SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3397
3398/*
3399** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3400** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3401**
3402** These constants define various performance limits
3403** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3404** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3405** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3406**
3407** <dl>
3408** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3409** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3410**
3411** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3412** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3413**
3414** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3415** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3416** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3417** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3418**
3419** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3420** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3421**
3422** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3423** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3424**
3425** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3426** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3427** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3428** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3429** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3430**
3431** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3432** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3433**
3434** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3435** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3436**
3437** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3438** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3439** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3440** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3441**
3442** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3443** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3444** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3445**
3446** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3447** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3448**
3449** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3450** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3451** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3452** </dl>
3453*/
3454#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3455#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3456#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3457#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3458#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3459#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3460#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3461#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3462#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3463#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3464#define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3465#define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3466
3467
3468/*
3469** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3470** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3471** METHOD: sqlite3
3472** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3473**
3474** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3475** program using one of these routines.
3476**
3477** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3478** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3479** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3480**
3481** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3482** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
3483** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
3484** use UTF-16.
3485**
3486** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3487** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3488** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3489** statement is generated.
3490** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3491** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3492** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3493** the nul-terminator.
3494**
3495** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3496** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3497** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3498** what remains uncompiled.
3499**
3500** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3501** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3502** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3503** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3504** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3505** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3506** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3507**
3508** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
3509** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
3510**
3511** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
3512** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
3513** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
3514** ^In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
3515** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
3516** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
3517** behave differently in three ways:
3518**
3519** <ol>
3520** <li>
3521** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
3522** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
3523** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
3524** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
3525** </li>
3526**
3527** <li>
3528** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
3529** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
3530** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
3531** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
3532** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
3533** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
3534** </li>
3535**
3536** <li>
3537** ^If the specific value bound to [parameter | host parameter] in the
3538** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
3539** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
3540** a schema change, on the first  [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
3541** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
3542** ^The specific value of WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
3543** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
3544** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
3545** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT3] compile-time option is enabled.
3546** </li>
3547** </ol>
3548*/
3549SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
3550  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3551  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3552  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3553  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3554  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3555);
3556SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
3557  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3558  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
3559  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3560  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3561  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3562);
3563SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
3564  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3565  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3566  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3567  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3568  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3569);
3570SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
3571  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
3572  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
3573  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
3574  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
3575  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
3576);
3577
3578/*
3579** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
3580** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3581**
3582** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
3583** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
3584** created by either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3585** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
3586** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
3587** [bound parameters] expanded.
3588**
3589** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
3590** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
3591** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
3592** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
3593** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
3594**
3595** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
3596** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
3597** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
3598**
3599** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
3600** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
3601** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
3602**
3603** ^The string returned by sqlite3_sql(P) is managed by SQLite and is
3604** automatically freed when the prepared statement is finalized.
3605** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
3606** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
3607** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
3608*/
3609SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3610SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3611
3612/*
3613** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
3614** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3615**
3616** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
3617** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
3618** the content of the database file.
3619**
3620** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
3621** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
3622** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
3623** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
3624** change the database file through side-effects:
3625**
3626** <blockquote><pre>
3627**    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
3628** </pre></blockquote>
3629**
3630** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
3631** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
3632**
3633** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
3634** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
3635** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
3636** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
3637** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
3638** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
3639** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
3640** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
3641** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
3642** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
3643** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
3644** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
3645*/
3646SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3647
3648/*
3649** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
3650** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3651**
3652** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
3653** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
3654** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
3655** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
3656** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
3657** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
3658** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
3659** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
3660**
3661** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
3662** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
3663** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
3664** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
3665** statements that are holding a transaction open.
3666*/
3667SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
3668
3669/*
3670** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
3671** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
3672**
3673** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
3674** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
3675** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
3676** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
3677**
3678** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
3679** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
3680** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3681** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
3682** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
3683** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
3684** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
3685**
3686** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
3687** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
3688** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
3689** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
3690** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
3691** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
3692** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
3693** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
3694** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
3695** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
3696** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
3697** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
3698**
3699** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
3700** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
3701** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
3702** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
3703** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
3704** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].
3705** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
3706** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
3707*/
3708typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
3709
3710/*
3711** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
3712**
3713** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
3714** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
3715** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
3716** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
3717** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
3718** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
3719** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
3720** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
3721*/
3722typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
3723
3724/*
3725** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
3726** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
3727** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
3728** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3729**
3730** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
3731** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
3732** templates:
3733**
3734** <ul>
3735** <li>  ?
3736** <li>  ?NNN
3737** <li>  :VVV
3738** <li>  @VVV
3739** <li>  $VVV
3740** </ul>
3741**
3742** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
3743** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
3744** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
3745** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
3746**
3747** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
3748** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
3749** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
3750**
3751** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
3752** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
3753** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
3754** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
3755** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
3756** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
3757** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
3758** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
3759** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 999).
3760**
3761** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
3762** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3763** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
3764** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
3765**
3766** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
3767** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
3768** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
3769** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
3770** is negative, then the length of the string is
3771** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
3772** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
3773** the behavior is undefined.
3774** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
3775** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
3776** that parameter must be the byte offset
3777** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
3778** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
3779** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
3780** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
3781** with embedded NULs is undefined.
3782**
3783** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
3784** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
3785** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
3786** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to bind API fails.
3787** ^If the fifth argument is
3788** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
3789** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
3790** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
3791** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
3792** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
3793**
3794** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
3795** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
3796** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
3797** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
3798** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
3799** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
3800** is undefined.
3801**
3802** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
3803** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
3804** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
3805** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
3806** content is later written using
3807** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
3808** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
3809**
3810** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
3811** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
3812** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
3813** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
3814** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
3815** result is undefined and probably harmful.
3816**
3817** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
3818** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
3819**
3820** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
3821** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
3822** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
3823** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
3824** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
3825** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
3826** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
3827**
3828** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
3829** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3830*/
3831SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
3832SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
3833                        void(*)(void*));
3834SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
3835SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
3836SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
3837SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3838SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
3839SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
3840SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
3841                         void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
3842SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
3843SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
3844SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
3845
3846/*
3847** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
3848** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3849**
3850** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
3851** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
3852** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
3853** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
3854** to the parameters at a later time.
3855**
3856** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
3857** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
3858** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
3859** there may be gaps in the list.)^
3860**
3861** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3862** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
3863** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3864*/
3865SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
3866
3867/*
3868** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
3869** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3870**
3871** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
3872** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
3873** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3874** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
3875** respectively.
3876** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
3877** is included as part of the name.)^
3878** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
3879** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
3880**
3881** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
3882**
3883** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
3884** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
3885** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
3886** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
3887** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3888**
3889** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3890** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3891** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
3892*/
3893SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
3894
3895/*
3896** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
3897** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3898**
3899** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
3900** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
3901** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
3902** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
3903** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
3904** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
3905**
3906** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
3907** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
3908** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
3909*/
3910SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
3911
3912/*
3913** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
3914** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3915**
3916** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
3917** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
3918** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
3919*/
3920SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
3921
3922/*
3923** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
3924** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3925**
3926** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
3927** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
3928** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
3929** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
3930** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
3931** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
3932** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
3933**
3934** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
3935*/
3936SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
3937
3938/*
3939** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
3940** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3941**
3942** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
3943** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
3944** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
3945** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
3946** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
3947** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
3948** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
3949**
3950** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
3951** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3952** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3953** or until the next call to
3954** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
3955**
3956** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
3957** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
3958** NULL pointer is returned.
3959**
3960** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
3961** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
3962** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
3963** one release of SQLite to the next.
3964*/
3965SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3966SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
3967
3968/*
3969** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
3970** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
3971**
3972** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
3973** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
3974** [SELECT] statement.
3975** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
3976** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
3977** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
3978** the origin_ routines return the column name.
3979** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
3980** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
3981** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
3982** or until the same information is requested
3983** again in a different encoding.
3984**
3985** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
3986** database, table, and column.
3987**
3988** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
3989** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
3990** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
3991** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
3992**
3993** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
3994** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
3995** NULL.  ^These routine might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
3996** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
3997** or column that query result column was extracted from.
3998**
3999** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4000** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4001**
4002** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4003** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4004**
4005** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
4006** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
4007** undefined.
4008**
4009** If two or more threads call one or more
4010** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4011** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4012** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4013*/
4014SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4015SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4016SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4017SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4018SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4019SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4020
4021/*
4022** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4023** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4024**
4025** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4026** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4027** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4028** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4029** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4030** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4031** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4032**
4033** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4034**
4035** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4036**
4037** and the following statement to be compiled:
4038**
4039** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4040**
4041** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4042** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4043**
4044** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4045** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4046** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4047** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4048** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4049** used to hold those values.
4050*/
4051SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4052SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4053
4054/*
4055** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4056** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4057**
4058** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using either
4059** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or one of the legacy
4060** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4061** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4062**
4063** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4064** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
4065** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4066** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4067** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4068** interface will continue to be supported.
4069**
4070** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4071** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4072** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4073** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4074**
4075** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4076** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4077** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4078** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4079** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4080** continuing.
4081**
4082** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4083** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4084** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4085** machine back to its initial state.
4086**
4087** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4088** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4089** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4090** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4091**
4092** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4093** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4094** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4095** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4096** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4097** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4098** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4099** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4100**
4101** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4102** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4103** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4104** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4105** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4106** more threads at the same moment in time.
4107**
4108** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4109** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4110** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4111** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4112** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4113** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4114** sqlite3_step() began
4115** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4116** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4117** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4118** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4119** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4120**
4121** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4122** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4123** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4124** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4125** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4126** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4127** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4128** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
4129** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4130** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4131** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
4132*/
4133SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4134
4135/*
4136** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4137** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4138**
4139** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4140** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4141** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4142** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column_*()] of
4143** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4144** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4145** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4146** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4147** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4148** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4149** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4150** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4151**
4152** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4153*/
4154SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4155
4156/*
4157** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4158** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4159**
4160** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4161**
4162** <ul>
4163** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4164** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4165** <li> string
4166** <li> BLOB
4167** <li> NULL
4168** </ul>)^
4169**
4170** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4171**
4172** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4173** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4174** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4175** SQLITE_TEXT.
4176*/
4177#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4178#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4179#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4180#define SQLITE_NULL     5
4181#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4182# undef SQLITE_TEXT
4183#else
4184# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4185#endif
4186#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4187
4188/*
4189** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4190** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4191** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4192**
4193** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4194** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4195** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4196** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4197** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4198** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4199** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4200** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4201**
4202** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4203** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4204** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4205** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4206** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4207** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4208** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4209** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4210** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4211** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4212** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4213**
4214** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4215** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4216** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4217** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
4218** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
4219** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
4220** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
4221** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4222** following a type conversion.
4223**
4224** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4225** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4226** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4227** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4228** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4229** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4230** the number of bytes in that string.
4231** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4232**
4233** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4234** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4235** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4236** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4237** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4238** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4239** the number of bytes in that string.
4240** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4241**
4242** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4243** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4244** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4245** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4246** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4247**
4248** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4249** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4250** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4251**
4252** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4253** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4254** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4255** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4256** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4257** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4258** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4259** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4260**
4261** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  ^For
4262** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4263** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4264** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4265** that are applied:
4266**
4267** <blockquote>
4268** <table border="1">
4269** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4270**
4271** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4272** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4273** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4274** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4275** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4276** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4277** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4278** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4279** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4280** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4281** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4282** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4283** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4284** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4285** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4286** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4287** </table>
4288** </blockquote>)^
4289**
4290** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4291** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4292** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4293** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4294** in the following cases:
4295**
4296** <ul>
4297** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4298**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4299**      need to be added to the string.</li>
4300** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4301**      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4302**      to UTF-16.</li>
4303** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4304**      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4305**      to UTF-8.</li>
4306** </ul>
4307**
4308** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4309** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4310** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4311** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4312** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4313**
4314** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4315** in one of the following ways:
4316**
4317** <ul>
4318**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4319**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4320**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4321** </ul>
4322**
4323** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4324** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4325** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4326** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4327** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4328** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4329** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4330**
4331** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4332** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4333** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4334** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do <em>not</em> pass the pointers returned
4335** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4336** [sqlite3_free()].
4337**
4338** ^(If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
4339** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
4340** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
4341** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
4342** [SQLITE_NOMEM].)^
4343*/
4344SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4345SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4346SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4347SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4348SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4349SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4350SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4351SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4352SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4353SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4354
4355/*
4356** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4357** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4358**
4359** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4360** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4361** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4362** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4363** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4364** [extended error code].
4365**
4366** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4367** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4368** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4369** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4370** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4371** completed execution.
4372**
4373** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4374**
4375** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4376** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4377** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4378** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4379** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4380*/
4381SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4382
4383/*
4384** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
4385** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4386**
4387** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
4388** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
4389** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
4390** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
4391** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
4392**
4393** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
4394** back to the beginning of its program.
4395**
4396** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4397** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
4398** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
4399** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
4400**
4401** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
4402** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
4403** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
4404**
4405** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
4406** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
4407*/
4408SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4409
4410/*
4411** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
4412** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
4413** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL function}
4414** KEYWORDS: {application-defined SQL functions}
4415** METHOD: sqlite3
4416**
4417** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
4418** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
4419** of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The only differences between
4420** these routines are the text encoding expected for
4421** the second parameter (the name of the function being created)
4422** and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
4423** the application data pointer.
4424**
4425** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
4426** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
4427** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
4428** to each database connection separately.
4429**
4430** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
4431** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
4432** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
4433** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
4434** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
4435** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
4436**
4437** ^The third parameter (nArg)
4438** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
4439** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
4440** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
4441** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
4442** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
4443** undefined.
4444**
4445** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
4446** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
4447** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
4448** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
4449** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
4450** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
4451** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
4452** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
4453** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
4454** each encoding.
4455** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
4456** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
4457**
4458** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
4459** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
4460** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
4461** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
4462** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
4463** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
4464** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
4465**
4466** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
4467** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
4468**
4469** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
4470** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
4471** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
4472** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
4473** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
4474** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
4475** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
4476** callbacks.
4477**
4478** ^(If the ninth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() is not NULL,
4479** then it is destructor for the application data pointer.
4480** The destructor is invoked when the function is deleted, either by being
4481** overloaded or when the database connection closes.)^
4482** ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
4483** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.
4484** ^When the destructor callback of the tenth parameter is invoked, it
4485** is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application data
4486** pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
4487**
4488** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
4489** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
4490** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
4491** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
4492** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
4493** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
4494** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
4495** matches the database encoding is a better
4496** match than a function where the encoding is different.
4497** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
4498** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
4499** between UTF8 and UTF16.
4500**
4501** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
4502**
4503** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
4504** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
4505** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
4506** statement in which the function is running.
4507*/
4508SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
4509  sqlite3 *db,
4510  const char *zFunctionName,
4511  int nArg,
4512  int eTextRep,
4513  void *pApp,
4514  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4515  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4516  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4517);
4518SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
4519  sqlite3 *db,
4520  const void *zFunctionName,
4521  int nArg,
4522  int eTextRep,
4523  void *pApp,
4524  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4525  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4526  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
4527);
4528SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
4529  sqlite3 *db,
4530  const char *zFunctionName,
4531  int nArg,
4532  int eTextRep,
4533  void *pApp,
4534  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4535  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
4536  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
4537  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
4538);
4539
4540/*
4541** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
4542**
4543** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
4544** text encodings supported by SQLite.
4545*/
4546#define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
4547#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
4548#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
4549#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
4550#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
4551#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
4552
4553/*
4554** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
4555**
4556** These constants may be ORed together with the
4557** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
4558** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
4559** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
4560*/
4561#define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x800
4562
4563/*
4564** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
4565** DEPRECATED
4566**
4567** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
4568** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
4569** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
4570** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
4571** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
4572*/
4573#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
4574SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
4575SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
4576SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
4577SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
4578SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
4579SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
4580                      void*,sqlite3_int64);
4581#endif
4582
4583/*
4584** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
4585** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4586**
4587** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
4588** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
4589** the function or aggregate.
4590**
4591** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
4592** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4593** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
4594** The 3rd parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
4595** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
4596** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
4597** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
4598**
4599** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
4600** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
4601** object results in undefined behavior.
4602**
4603** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
4604** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
4605** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
4606**
4607** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
4608** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
4609** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
4610** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
4611**
4612** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
4613** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
4614** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
4615** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
4616** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
4617** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
4618** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
4619**
4620** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
4621** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
4622** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
4623** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4624** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
4625**
4626** These routines must be called from the same thread as
4627** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
4628*/
4629SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
4630SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
4631SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
4632SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
4633SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
4634SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
4635SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
4636SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
4637SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
4638SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
4639SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
4640SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
4641
4642/*
4643** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
4644** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4645**
4646** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
4647** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
4648** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
4649** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
4650** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
4651**
4652** SQLite makes no use of subtype itself.  It merely passes the subtype
4653** from the result of one [application-defined SQL function] into the
4654** input of another.
4655*/
4656SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
4657
4658/*
4659** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
4660** METHOD: sqlite3_value
4661**
4662** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4663** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
4664** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
4665** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
4666** memory allocation fails.
4667**
4668** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
4669** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
4670** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
4671*/
4672SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
4673SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
4674
4675/*
4676** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
4677** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4678**
4679** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
4680** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
4681**
4682** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
4683** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite
4684** allocates N of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
4685** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
4686** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
4687** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
4688** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
4689** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
4690** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
4691** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
4692** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
4693** first time from within xFinal().)^
4694**
4695** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
4696** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
4697** allocate error occurs.
4698**
4699** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
4700** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
4701** value of N in subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
4702** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
4703** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
4704** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
4705** pointless memory allocations occur.
4706**
4707** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
4708** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
4709**
4710** The first parameter must be a copy of the
4711** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
4712** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
4713** function.
4714**
4715** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4716** the aggregate SQL function is running.
4717*/
4718SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
4719
4720/*
4721** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
4722** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4723**
4724** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
4725** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
4726** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4727** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4728** registered the application defined function.
4729**
4730** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
4731** the application-defined function is running.
4732*/
4733SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
4734
4735/*
4736** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
4737** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4738**
4739** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
4740** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
4741** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
4742** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
4743** registered the application defined function.
4744*/
4745SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
4746
4747/*
4748** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
4749** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4750**
4751** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
4752** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
4753** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
4754** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
4755** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
4756** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
4757** metadata associated with the pattern string.
4758** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
4759** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
4760** invocations of the same function.
4761**
4762** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the metadata
4763** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
4764** value to the application-defined function. ^If there is no metadata
4765** associated with the function argument, this sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface
4766** returns a NULL pointer.
4767**
4768** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
4769** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
4770** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
4771** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
4772** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
4773** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
4774** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
4775** once, when the metadata is discarded.
4776** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
4777** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
4778** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
4779**      SQL statement)^, or
4780** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
4781**       parameter)^, or
4782** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
4783**      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
4784**
4785** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
4786** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
4787** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
4788** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
4789** function implementation should not make any use of P after
4790** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
4791**
4792** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
4793** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
4794** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
4795**
4796** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
4797** the SQL function is running.
4798*/
4799SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
4800SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
4801
4802
4803/*
4804** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
4805**
4806** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
4807** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
4808** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
4809** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
4810** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
4811** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
4812** the content before returning.
4813**
4814** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
4815** C++ compilers.
4816*/
4817typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
4818#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
4819#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
4820
4821/*
4822** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
4823** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4824**
4825** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
4826** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
4827** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
4828** for additional information.
4829**
4830** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
4831** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
4832** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
4833**
4834** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
4835** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
4836** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
4837** third parameter.
4838**
4839** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
4840** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
4841** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
4842**
4843** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
4844** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
4845** by its 2nd argument.
4846**
4847** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
4848** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
4849** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
4850** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
4851** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
4852** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
4853** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 in native
4854** byte order.  ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
4855** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
4856** message all text up through the first zero character.
4857** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
4858** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
4859** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
4860** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
4861** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
4862** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
4863** modify the text after they return without harm.
4864** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
4865** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
4866** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
4867** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
4868**
4869** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4870** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
4871**
4872** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
4873** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
4874**
4875** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
4876** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
4877** value given in the 2nd argument.
4878** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
4879** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
4880** value given in the 2nd argument.
4881**
4882** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
4883** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
4884**
4885** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
4886** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
4887** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
4888** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
4889** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
4890** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
4891** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
4892** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
4893** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
4894** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
4895** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
4896** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4897** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
4898** through the first zero character.
4899** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4900** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
4901** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
4902** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
4903** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
4904** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
4905** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
4906** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
4907** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
4908** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4909** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
4910** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
4911** finished using that result.
4912** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
4913** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
4914** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
4915** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
4916** when it has finished using that result.
4917** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
4918** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
4919** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
4920** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
4921**
4922** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
4923** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
4924** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
4925** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
4926** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
4927** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
4928** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
4929** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
4930** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
4931**
4932** If these routines are called from within the different thread
4933** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
4934** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
4935*/
4936SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4937SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
4938                           sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
4939SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
4940SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
4941SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
4942SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
4943SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
4944SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
4945SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
4946SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
4947SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
4948SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
4949SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
4950                           void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4951SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4952SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4953SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
4954SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
4955SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
4956SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
4957
4958
4959/*
4960** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
4961** METHOD: sqlite3_context
4962**
4963** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
4964** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
4965** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
4966** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
4967** higher order bits are discarded.
4968** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
4969** in future releases of SQLite.
4970*/
4971SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
4972
4973/*
4974** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
4975** METHOD: sqlite3
4976**
4977** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
4978** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
4979**
4980** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
4981** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
4982** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
4983** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
4984** considered to be the same name.
4985**
4986** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
4987** <ul>
4988** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
4989** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
4990** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4991** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
4992** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
4993** </ul>)^
4994** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
4995** to the collating function callback, xCallback.
4996** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
4997** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
4998** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
4999** on an even byte address.
5000**
5001** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5002** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5003**
5004** ^The fifth argument, xCallback, is a pointer to the collating function.
5005** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5006** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5007** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5008** ^If the xCallback argument is NULL then the collating function is
5009** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5010** that collation is no longer usable.
5011**
5012** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5013** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5014** by the eTextRep argument.  The collating function must return an
5015** integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5016** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5017** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5018** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5019** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5020** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5021** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5022** strings A, B, and C:
5023**
5024** <ol>
5025** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5026** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5027** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5028** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5029** </ol>
5030**
5031** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5032** collating function is  registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5033** is undefined.
5034**
5035** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5036** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5037** the collating function is deleted.
5038** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5039** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5040** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5041**
5042** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5043** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5044** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5045** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5046** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5047** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5048** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5049** compatibility.
5050**
5051** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5052*/
5053SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
5054  sqlite3*,
5055  const char *zName,
5056  int eTextRep,
5057  void *pArg,
5058  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5059);
5060SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5061  sqlite3*,
5062  const char *zName,
5063  int eTextRep,
5064  void *pArg,
5065  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5066  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5067);
5068SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5069  sqlite3*,
5070  const void *zName,
5071  int eTextRep,
5072  void *pArg,
5073  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5074);
5075
5076/*
5077** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5078** METHOD: sqlite3
5079**
5080** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5081** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5082** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5083** sequence is required.
5084**
5085** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5086** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5087** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5088** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5089** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5090**
5091** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5092** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5093** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5094** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5095** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5096** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5097** required collation sequence.)^
5098**
5099** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5100** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5101** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5102*/
5103SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5104  sqlite3*,
5105  void*,
5106  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5107);
5108SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5109  sqlite3*,
5110  void*,
5111  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5112);
5113
5114#ifdef SQLITE_HAS_CODEC
5115/*
5116** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
5117** called right after sqlite3_open().
5118**
5119** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5120** of SQLite.
5121*/
5122SQLITE_API int sqlite3_key(
5123  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5124  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5125);
5126SQLITE_API int sqlite3_key_v2(
5127  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5128  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5129  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
5130);
5131
5132/*
5133** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
5134** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
5135** database is decrypted.
5136**
5137** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
5138** of SQLite.
5139*/
5140SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rekey(
5141  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5142  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5143);
5144SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rekey_v2(
5145  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
5146  const char *zDbName,           /* Name of the database */
5147  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
5148);
5149
5150/*
5151** Specify the activation key for a SEE database.  Unless
5152** activated, none of the SEE routines will work.
5153*/
5154SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_see(
5155  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5156);
5157#endif
5158
5159#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5160/*
5161** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5162** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5163*/
5164SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5165  const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5166);
5167#endif
5168
5169/*
5170** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5171**
5172** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5173** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5174**
5175** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5176** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5177** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5178** requested from the operating system is returned.
5179**
5180** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5181** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5182** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5183** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5184** in the previous paragraphs.
5185*/
5186SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5187
5188/*
5189** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5190**
5191** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5192** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5193** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5194** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5195** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5196** temporary file directory.
5197**
5198** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5199** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5200** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5201** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5202** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5203** be avoided in new projects.
5204**
5205** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5206** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5207** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5208** thread.
5209** It is intended that this variable be set once
5210** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5211** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5212** thereafter.
5213**
5214** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5215** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5216** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5217** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5218** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5219** using [sqlite3_free].
5220** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5221** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5222** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5223** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
5224** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
5225** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
5226** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
5227** objects have been destroyed.
5228**
5229** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
5230** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
5231** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
5232** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
5233**
5234** <blockquote><pre>
5235** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
5236** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
5237** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
5238** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
5239** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
5240** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
5241** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
5242** </pre></blockquote>
5243*/
5244SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
5245
5246/*
5247** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
5248**
5249** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5250** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
5251** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
5252** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
5253** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
5254** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
5255** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
5256** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
5257** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
5258**
5259** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
5260** open can result in a corrupt database.
5261**
5262** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5263** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5264** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
5265** thread.
5266** It is intended that this variable be set once
5267** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
5268** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
5269** thereafter.
5270**
5271** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
5272** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
5273** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
5274** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
5275** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
5276** using [sqlite3_free].
5277** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
5278** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
5279** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
5280*/
5281SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
5282
5283/*
5284** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
5285** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
5286** METHOD: sqlite3
5287**
5288** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
5289** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
5290** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
5291** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
5292** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
5293**
5294** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
5295** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
5296** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
5297** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
5298** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
5299** an error is to use this function.
5300**
5301** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
5302** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
5303** is undefined.
5304*/
5305SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
5306
5307/*
5308** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
5309** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5310**
5311** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
5312** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
5313** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
5314** that was the first argument
5315** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
5316** create the statement in the first place.
5317*/
5318SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
5319
5320/*
5321** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
5322** METHOD: sqlite3
5323**
5324** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to a filename
5325** associated with database N of connection D.  ^The main database file
5326** has the name "main".  If there is no attached database N on the database
5327** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
5328** a NULL pointer is returned.
5329**
5330** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
5331** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
5332** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
5333** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
5334*/
5335SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5336
5337/*
5338** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
5339** METHOD: sqlite3
5340**
5341** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
5342** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
5343** the name of a database on connection D.
5344*/
5345SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
5346
5347/*
5348** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
5349** METHOD: sqlite3
5350**
5351** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
5352** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
5353** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
5354** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
5355** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
5356**
5357** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
5358** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
5359** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
5360*/
5361SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5362
5363/*
5364** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
5365** METHOD: sqlite3
5366**
5367** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
5368** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
5369** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
5370** for the same database connection is overridden.
5371** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
5372** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
5373** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
5374** for the same database connection is overridden.
5375** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
5376** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
5377** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
5378**
5379** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
5380** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
5381** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5382** the first call for each function on D.
5383**
5384** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
5385** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
5386** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
5387** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5388** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
5389** or rollback hook in the first place.
5390** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
5391** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
5392** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5393**
5394** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
5395**
5396** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
5397** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
5398** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
5399** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
5400** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
5401**
5402** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
5403** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
5404** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
5405** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
5406** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
5407**
5408** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
5409*/
5410SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
5411SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
5412
5413/*
5414** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
5415** METHOD: sqlite3
5416**
5417** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
5418** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
5419** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
5420** a [rowid table].
5421** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
5422** for the same database connection is overridden.
5423**
5424** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
5425** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
5426** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
5427** to sqlite3_update_hook().
5428** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
5429** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
5430** to be invoked.
5431** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
5432** database and table name containing the affected row.
5433** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
5434** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
5435**
5436** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
5437** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).)^
5438** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
5439**
5440** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
5441** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
5442** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
5443** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
5444** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
5445** release of SQLite.
5446**
5447** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
5448** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
5449** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
5450** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
5451** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
5452** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
5453**
5454** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
5455** returns the P argument from the previous call
5456** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
5457** the first call on D.
5458**
5459** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
5460** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
5461*/
5462SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
5463  sqlite3*,
5464  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
5465  void*
5466);
5467
5468/*
5469** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
5470**
5471** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
5472** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
5473** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
5474** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
5475**
5476** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
5477** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
5478** In prior versions of SQLite,
5479** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
5480**
5481** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
5482** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
5483** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
5484** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
5485**
5486** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
5487** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
5488**
5489** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
5490** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
5491** cache setting should set it explicitly.
5492**
5493** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
5494** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
5495** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
5496** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
5497**
5498** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
5499** 32-bit integer is atomic.
5500**
5501** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
5502*/
5503SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
5504
5505/*
5506** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
5507**
5508** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
5509** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
5510** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
5511** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
5512** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
5513** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
5514** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
5515** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5516**
5517** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
5518*/
5519SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
5520
5521/*
5522** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
5523** METHOD: sqlite3
5524**
5525** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
5526** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
5527** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
5528** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
5529** omitted.
5530**
5531** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
5532*/
5533SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
5534
5535/*
5536** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
5537**
5538** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
5539** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
5540** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
5541** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
5542** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
5543** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
5544** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
5545** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
5546** is advisory only.
5547**
5548** ^The return value from sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() is the size of
5549** the soft heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
5550** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
5551** then no change is made to the soft heap limit.  Hence, the current
5552** size of the soft heap limit can be determined by invoking
5553** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() with a negative argument.
5554**
5555** ^If the argument N is zero then the soft heap limit is disabled.
5556**
5557** ^(The soft heap limit is not enforced in the current implementation
5558** if one or more of following conditions are true:
5559**
5560** <ul>
5561** <li> The soft heap limit is set to zero.
5562** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
5563**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
5564**      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
5565** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
5566**      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
5567** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
5568**      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
5569**      from the heap.
5570** </ul>)^
5571**
5572** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.7.3] ([dateof:3.7.3]),
5573** the soft heap limit is enforced
5574** regardless of whether or not the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT]
5575** compile-time option is invoked.  With [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT],
5576** the soft heap limit is enforced on every memory allocation.  Without
5577** [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT], the soft heap limit is only enforced
5578** when memory is allocated by the page cache.  Testing suggests that because
5579** the page cache is the predominate memory user in SQLite, most
5580** applications will achieve adequate soft heap limit enforcement without
5581** the use of [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
5582**
5583** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the soft heap limit may
5584** changes in future releases of SQLite.
5585*/
5586SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
5587
5588/*
5589** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
5590** DEPRECATED
5591**
5592** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
5593** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
5594** only.  All new applications should use the
5595** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
5596*/
5597SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
5598
5599
5600/*
5601** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
5602** METHOD: sqlite3
5603**
5604** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
5605** information about column C of table T in database D
5606** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
5607** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
5608** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
5609** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
5610** SQLITE_ERROR and if the specified column does not exist.
5611** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
5612** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
5613** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
5614** does not.
5615**
5616** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
5617** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
5618** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
5619** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
5620** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
5621** resolve unqualified table references.
5622**
5623** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
5624** name of the desired column, respectively.
5625**
5626** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
5627** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
5628** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
5629**
5630** ^(<blockquote>
5631** <table border="1">
5632** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
5633**
5634** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
5635** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
5636** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
5637** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
5638** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
5639** </table>
5640** </blockquote>)^
5641**
5642** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
5643** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
5644** call to any SQLite API function.
5645**
5646** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
5647**
5648** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
5649** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
5650** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
5651** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
5652** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
5653** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
5654**
5655** <pre>
5656**     data type: "INTEGER"
5657**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
5658**     not null: 0
5659**     primary key: 1
5660**     auto increment: 0
5661** </pre>)^
5662**
5663** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
5664** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
5665** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
5666*/
5667SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
5668  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
5669  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
5670  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
5671  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
5672  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
5673  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
5674  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
5675  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
5676  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
5677);
5678
5679/*
5680** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
5681** METHOD: sqlite3
5682**
5683** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
5684**
5685** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
5686** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
5687** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
5688** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
5689** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
5690** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
5691** be tried also.
5692**
5693** ^The entry point is zProc.
5694** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
5695** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
5696** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
5697** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
5698** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
5699** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
5700** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
5701** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
5702** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
5703** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
5704** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
5705** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
5706** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
5707**
5708** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
5709** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
5710** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
5711** prior to calling this API,
5712** otherwise an error will be returned.
5713**
5714** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
5715** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
5716** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
5717** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
5718** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5719** access to extension loading capabilities.
5720**
5721** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
5722*/
5723SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
5724  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
5725  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
5726  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
5727  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
5728);
5729
5730/*
5731** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
5732** METHOD: sqlite3
5733**
5734** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
5735** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
5736** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
5737** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
5738**
5739** ^Extension loading is off by default.
5740** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
5741** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
5742** it back off again.
5743**
5744** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
5745** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
5746** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
5747** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
5748**
5749** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
5750** be disabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
5751** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
5752** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
5753** access to extension loading capabilities.
5754*/
5755SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
5756
5757/*
5758** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
5759**
5760** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
5761** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
5762** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
5763** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
5764**
5765** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
5766** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
5767** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
5768** entry point where as follows:
5769**
5770** <blockquote><pre>
5771** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
5772** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
5773** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
5774** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
5775** &nbsp;  );
5776** </pre></blockquote>)^
5777**
5778** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
5779** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
5780** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
5781** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
5782** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
5783** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
5784** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
5785**
5786** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
5787** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
5788** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
5789**
5790** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
5791** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
5792*/
5793SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
5794
5795/*
5796** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
5797**
5798** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
5799** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
5800** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
5801** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
5802** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
5803** routines.
5804*/
5805SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
5806
5807/*
5808** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
5809**
5810** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
5811** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
5812*/
5813SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
5814
5815/*
5816** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
5817** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
5818** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
5819**
5820** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
5821** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
5822*/
5823
5824/*
5825** Structures used by the virtual table interface
5826*/
5827typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
5828typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
5829typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
5830typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
5831
5832/*
5833** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
5834** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
5835**
5836** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
5837** defines the implementation of a [virtual tables].
5838** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
5839**
5840** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
5841** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
5842** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
5843** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
5844** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
5845** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
5846** any database connection.
5847*/
5848struct sqlite3_module {
5849  int iVersion;
5850  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5851               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5852               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5853  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
5854               int argc, const char *const*argv,
5855               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
5856  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
5857  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5858  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5859  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
5860  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5861  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
5862                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
5863  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5864  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
5865  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
5866  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
5867  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
5868  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5869  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5870  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5871  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
5872  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
5873                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5874                       void **ppArg);
5875  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
5876  /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
5877  ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
5878  int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5879  int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5880  int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
5881};
5882
5883/*
5884** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
5885** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
5886**
5887** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
5888** of the [virtual table] interface to
5889** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
5890** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
5891** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
5892** results into the **Outputs** fields.
5893**
5894** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
5895**
5896** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
5897**
5898** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
5899** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
5900** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
5901** ^(The index of the column is stored in
5902** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
5903** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
5904** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
5905**
5906** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
5907** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
5908** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
5909** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
5910** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
5911**
5912** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
5913** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
5914**
5915** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
5916** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
5917** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
5918** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
5919** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
5920** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
5921** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
5922** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
5923** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
5924** non-zero.
5925**
5926** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
5927** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
5928** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
5929** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
5930** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
5931** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.)^
5932**
5933** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
5934** [xFilter] method.
5935** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
5936** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
5937**
5938** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
5939** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
5940** sorting step is required.
5941**
5942** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
5943** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
5944** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
5945** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
5946** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
5947**
5948** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
5949** will be returned by the strategy.
5950**
5951** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
5952** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
5953** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
5954** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
5955**
5956** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
5957** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
5958** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
5959** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
5960** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
5961** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
5962** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
5963** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
5964** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
5965**
5966** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
5967** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
5968** If a virtual table extension is
5969** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
5970** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
5971** to included crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
5972** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
5973** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
5974** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
5975** It may therefore only be used if
5976** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
5977** 3009000.
5978*/
5979struct sqlite3_index_info {
5980  /* Inputs */
5981  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
5982  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
5983     int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
5984     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
5985     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
5986     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
5987  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
5988  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
5989  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
5990     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
5991     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
5992  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
5993  /* Outputs */
5994  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
5995    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
5996    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
5997  } *aConstraintUsage;
5998  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
5999  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6000  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6001  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6002  double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6003  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6004  sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6005  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6006  int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6007  /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6008  sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6009};
6010
6011/*
6012** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6013*/
6014#define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6015
6016/*
6017** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6018**
6019** These macros defined the allowed values for the
6020** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6021** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6022** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6023*/
6024#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ      2
6025#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT      4
6026#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE      8
6027#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT     16
6028#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE     32
6029#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH  64
6030#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE   65
6031#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB   66
6032#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP 67
6033
6034/*
6035** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6036** METHOD: sqlite3
6037**
6038** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6039** ^Module names must be registered before
6040** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6041** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6042**
6043** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6044** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6045** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6046** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6047** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6048** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6049** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6050**
6051** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6052** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6053** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6054** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6055** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6056** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6057** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6058** destructor.
6059*/
6060SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
6061  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6062  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6063  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6064  void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6065);
6066SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6067  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6068  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6069  const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6070  void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6071  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6072);
6073
6074/*
6075** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6076** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6077**
6078** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6079** of this object to describe a particular instance
6080** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6081** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6082** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6083** common to all module implementations.
6084**
6085** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6086** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6087** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6088** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6089** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6090** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6091*/
6092struct sqlite3_vtab {
6093  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6094  int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6095  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
6096  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6097};
6098
6099/*
6100** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
6101** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
6102**
6103** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
6104** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
6105** [virtual table] and are used
6106** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
6107** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
6108** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
6109** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
6110** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
6111** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
6112**
6113** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
6114** are common to all implementations.
6115*/
6116struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
6117  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
6118  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
6119};
6120
6121/*
6122** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
6123**
6124** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
6125** [virtual table module] call this interface
6126** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
6127** the virtual tables they implement.
6128*/
6129SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
6130
6131/*
6132** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
6133** METHOD: sqlite3
6134**
6135** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
6136** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
6137** But global versions of those functions
6138** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
6139**
6140** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
6141** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
6142** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
6143** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
6144** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
6145** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
6146** by a [virtual table].
6147*/
6148SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
6149
6150/*
6151** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
6152** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
6153** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6154** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6155**
6156** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6157** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6158*/
6159
6160/*
6161** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
6162** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
6163**
6164** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
6165** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
6166** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
6167** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6168** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
6169** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
6170** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
6171*/
6172typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
6173
6174/*
6175** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
6176** METHOD: sqlite3
6177** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6178**
6179** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
6180** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
6181** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
6182**
6183** <pre>
6184**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
6185** </pre>)^
6186**
6187** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
6188** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
6189** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
6190** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
6191** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
6192**
6193** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
6194** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
6195** read-only access.
6196**
6197** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
6198** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
6199** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
6200** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
6201** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
6202**
6203** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
6204** <ul>
6205**   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
6206**   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
6207**   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
6208**   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
6209**   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
6210**   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
6211**         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
6212**   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
6213**         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
6214**   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
6215**         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
6216**         being opened for read/write access)^.
6217** </ul>
6218**
6219** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
6220** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6221** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6222**
6223** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
6224** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
6225** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
6226** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
6227** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
6228** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
6229**
6230** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
6231** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
6232** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
6233** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
6234** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
6235** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
6236** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6237** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
6238** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
6239** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
6240**
6241** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
6242** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
6243** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
6244** blob.
6245**
6246** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
6247** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
6248** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
6249**
6250** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
6251** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
6252**
6253** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
6254** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
6255** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6256*/
6257SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
6258  sqlite3*,
6259  const char *zDb,
6260  const char *zTable,
6261  const char *zColumn,
6262  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
6263  int flags,
6264  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
6265);
6266
6267/*
6268** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
6269** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6270**
6271** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
6272** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
6273** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
6274** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
6275** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
6276** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
6277**
6278** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
6279** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
6280** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
6281** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
6282** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
6283** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
6284** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
6285** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
6286** always returns zero.
6287**
6288** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
6289*/
6290SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
6291
6292/*
6293** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
6294** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
6295**
6296** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
6297** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
6298** handle is still closed.)^
6299**
6300** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
6301** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
6302** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
6303** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
6304** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
6305**
6306** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
6307** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
6308** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
6309** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
6310** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
6311** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
6312*/
6313SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
6314
6315/*
6316** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
6317** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6318**
6319** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
6320** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
6321** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
6322** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
6323**
6324** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6325** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6326** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6327** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6328*/
6329SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
6330
6331/*
6332** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
6333** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6334**
6335** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
6336** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
6337** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6338**
6339** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6340** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
6341** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
6342** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
6343** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
6344**
6345** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6346** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
6347**
6348** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
6349** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6350**
6351** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6352** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6353** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6354** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6355**
6356** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
6357*/
6358SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
6359
6360/*
6361** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
6362** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
6363**
6364** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
6365** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
6366** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
6367**
6368** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
6369** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
6370** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
6371** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
6372** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
6373**
6374** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
6375** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
6376** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
6377**
6378** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
6379** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
6380** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
6381** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
6382** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
6383** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
6384** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
6385**
6386** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
6387** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
6388** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
6389** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
6390** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
6391** or by other independent statements.
6392**
6393** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
6394** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
6395** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
6396** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
6397**
6398** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
6399*/
6400SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
6401
6402/*
6403** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
6404**
6405** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
6406** that SQLite uses to interact
6407** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
6408** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
6409** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
6410** The following interfaces are provided.
6411**
6412** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
6413** ^Names are case sensitive.
6414** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
6415** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
6416** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
6417**
6418** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
6419** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
6420** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
6421** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
6422** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
6423** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
6424** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
6425** then the behavior is undefined.
6426**
6427** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
6428** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
6429** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
6430*/
6431SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
6432SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
6433SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
6434
6435/*
6436** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
6437**
6438** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
6439** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
6440** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
6441** permitted to use any of these routines.
6442**
6443** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
6444** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
6445** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
6446** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
6447**
6448** <ul>
6449** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
6450** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
6451** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
6452** </ul>
6453**
6454** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
6455** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
6456** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
6457** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
6458** and Windows.
6459**
6460** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
6461** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
6462** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
6463** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
6464** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
6465** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
6466** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
6467**
6468** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
6469** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6470** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
6471** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
6472** integer constants:
6473**
6474** <ul>
6475** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6476** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6477** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
6478** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
6479** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
6480** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
6481** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
6482** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
6483** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
6484** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
6485** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
6486** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
6487** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
6488** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
6489** </ul>
6490**
6491** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
6492** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
6493** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
6494** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
6495** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
6496** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
6497** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
6498** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
6499** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
6500** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
6501**
6502** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
6503** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
6504** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
6505** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
6506** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
6507** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
6508** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
6509** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
6510**
6511** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
6512** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
6513** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
6514** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
6515** the same type number.
6516**
6517** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
6518** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
6519** mutex results in undefined behavior.
6520**
6521** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
6522** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
6523** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
6524** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
6525** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
6526** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
6527** In such cases, the
6528** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
6529** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
6530** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
6531**
6532** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
6533** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
6534** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
6535** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
6536** behavior.)^
6537**
6538** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
6539** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
6540** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
6541** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
6542**
6543** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
6544** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
6545** behave as no-ops.
6546**
6547** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
6548*/
6549SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
6550SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
6551SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
6552SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
6553SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
6554
6555/*
6556** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
6557**
6558** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
6559** used to allocate and use mutexes.
6560**
6561** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
6562** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
6563** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
6564** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
6565** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
6566** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
6567** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
6568** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
6569** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
6570**
6571** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
6572** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
6573** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
6574** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
6575**
6576** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
6577** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
6578** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
6579** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
6580** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
6581** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
6582**
6583** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
6584** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
6585** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
6586**
6587** <ul>
6588**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
6589**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
6590**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
6591**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
6592**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
6593**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
6594**   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
6595** </ul>)^
6596**
6597** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
6598** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
6599** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
6600** by this structure are not required to handle this case, the results
6601** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
6602** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
6603** it is passed a NULL pointer).
6604**
6605** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
6606** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
6607** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
6608** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
6609**
6610** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
6611** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
6612** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
6613** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
6614**
6615** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
6616** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
6617** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
6618** prior to returning.
6619*/
6620typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
6621struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
6622  int (*xMutexInit)(void);
6623  int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
6624  sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
6625  void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6626  void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6627  int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6628  void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6629  int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6630  int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
6631};
6632
6633/*
6634** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
6635**
6636** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
6637** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
6638** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
6639** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
6640** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
6641** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
6642** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
6643** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
6644**
6645** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
6646** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
6647**
6648** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
6649** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
6650** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
6651** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
6652**
6653** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
6654** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
6655** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
6656** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
6657** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
6658** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
6659** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
6660** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
6661*/
6662#ifndef NDEBUG
6663SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
6664SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
6665#endif
6666
6667/*
6668** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
6669**
6670** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
6671** which is one of these integer constants.
6672**
6673** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
6674** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
6675** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
6676*/
6677#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
6678#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
6679#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
6680#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
6681#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
6682#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
6683#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
6684#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
6685#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
6686#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
6687#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
6688#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
6689#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
6690#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
6691#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
6692#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
6693
6694/*
6695** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
6696** METHOD: sqlite3
6697**
6698** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
6699** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
6700** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
6701** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
6702** routine returns a NULL pointer.
6703*/
6704SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
6705
6706/*
6707** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
6708** METHOD: sqlite3
6709**
6710** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
6711** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
6712** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
6713** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
6714** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
6715** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
6716** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
6717** main database file.
6718** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
6719** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
6720** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
6721** method becomes the return value of this routine.
6722**
6723** ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER value for the op parameter causes
6724** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
6725** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  ^The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER
6726** case is a short-circuit path which does not actually invoke the
6727** underlying sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
6728**
6729** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
6730** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
6731** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
6732** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
6733** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
6734** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
6735** xFileControl method.
6736**
6737** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
6738*/
6739SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
6740
6741/*
6742** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
6743**
6744** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
6745** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
6746** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
6747** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
6748**
6749** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
6750** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
6751** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
6752**
6753** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
6754** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
6755** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
6756** operate consistently from one release to the next.
6757*/
6758SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
6759
6760/*
6761** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
6762**
6763** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
6764** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
6765**
6766** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
6767** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
6768** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
6769** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
6770*/
6771#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
6772#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
6773#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
6774#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
6775#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
6776#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
6777#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
6778#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
6779#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
6780#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
6781#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14
6782#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
6783#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16
6784#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17
6785#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
6786#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
6787#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
6788#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
6789#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
6790#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
6791#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
6792#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
6793#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
6794#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    25
6795
6796/*
6797** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
6798**
6799** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
6800** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
6801** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
6802** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
6803** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
6804** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
6805** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
6806** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
6807** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
6808** value.  For those parameters
6809** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
6810** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
6811** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
6812**
6813** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
6814** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
6815**
6816** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
6817** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
6818** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
6819**
6820** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
6821*/
6822SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
6823SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
6824  int op,
6825  sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
6826  sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
6827  int resetFlag
6828);
6829
6830
6831/*
6832** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
6833** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
6834**
6835** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
6836** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
6837**
6838** <dl>
6839** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
6840** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
6841** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
6842** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
6843** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Scratch memory
6844** controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH] and auxiliary page-cache
6845** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
6846** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
6847** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
6848**
6849** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
6850** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6851** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
6852** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
6853** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6854** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6855**
6856** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
6857** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
6858** currently checked out.</dd>)^
6859**
6860** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
6861** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
6862** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
6863** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
6864** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
6865**
6866** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
6867** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
6868** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
6869** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
6870** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
6871** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
6872** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
6873** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
6874** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
6875**
6876** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
6877** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6878** handed to [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6879** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6880** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6881**
6882** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
6883** <dd>This parameter returns the number of allocations used out of the
6884** [scratch memory allocator] configured using
6885** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH].  The value returned is in allocations, not
6886** in bytes.  Since a single thread may only have one scratch allocation
6887** outstanding at time, this parameter also reports the number of threads
6888** using scratch memory at the same time.</dd>)^
6889**
6890** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
6891** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of scratch memory
6892** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]
6893** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The values
6894** returned include overflows because the requested allocation was too
6895** larger (that is, because the requested allocation was larger than the
6896** "sz" parameter to [SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]) and because no scratch buffer
6897** slots were available.
6898** </dd>)^
6899**
6900** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
6901** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
6902** handed to [scratch memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
6903** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
6904** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
6905**
6906** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
6907** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
6908** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
6909** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
6910** </dl>
6911**
6912** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
6913*/
6914#define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
6915#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
6916#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
6917#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3
6918#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4
6919#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
6920#define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
6921#define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
6922#define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8
6923#define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
6924
6925/*
6926** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
6927** METHOD: sqlite3
6928**
6929** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
6930** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
6931** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
6932** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
6933** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
6934** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
6935** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
6936** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
6937**
6938** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
6939** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
6940** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
6941** reset back down to the current value.
6942**
6943** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
6944** non-zero [error code] on failure.
6945**
6946** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
6947*/
6948SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
6949
6950/*
6951** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
6952** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
6953**
6954** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
6955** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
6956**
6957** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
6958** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
6959** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
6960** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
6961** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
6962**
6963** <dl>
6964** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
6965** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
6966** checked out.</dd>)^
6967**
6968** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
6969** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that were
6970** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6971** the current value is always zero.)^
6972**
6973** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
6974** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
6975** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6976** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
6977** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
6978** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6979** the current value is always zero.)^
6980**
6981** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
6982** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
6983** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
6984** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
6985** memory already being in use.
6986** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
6987** the current value is always zero.)^
6988**
6989** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
6990** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
6991** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
6992** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
6993**
6994** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
6995** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
6996** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
6997** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
6998** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
6999** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
7000** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
7001** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
7002** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
7003** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
7004** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
7005**
7006** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
7007** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7008** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
7009** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
7010** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
7011** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
7012** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
7013** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
7014**
7015** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
7016** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
7017** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
7018** the database connection.)^
7019** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
7020** </dd>
7021**
7022** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
7023** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
7024** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
7025** is always 0.
7026** </dd>
7027**
7028** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
7029** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
7030** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
7031** is always 0.
7032** </dd>
7033**
7034** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
7035** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
7036** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
7037** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
7038** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
7039** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
7040** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
7041** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
7042** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
7043** </dd>
7044**
7045** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
7046** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
7047** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
7048** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
7049** </dd>
7050** </dl>
7051*/
7052#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
7053#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
7054#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
7055#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
7056#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
7057#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
7058#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
7059#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
7060#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
7061#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
7062#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
7063#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
7064#define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 11   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
7065
7066
7067/*
7068** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
7069** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
7070**
7071** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
7072** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
7073** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
7074** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
7075** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
7076** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
7077** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
7078** an index.
7079**
7080** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
7081** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
7082** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
7083** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
7084** to be interrogated.)^
7085** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
7086** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
7087** interface call returns.
7088**
7089** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
7090*/
7091SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
7092
7093/*
7094** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
7095** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
7096**
7097** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
7098** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
7099** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
7100**
7101** <dl>
7102** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
7103** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
7104** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
7105** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
7106** careful use of indices.</dd>
7107**
7108** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
7109** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
7110** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7111** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
7112**
7113** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
7114** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
7115** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
7116** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
7117** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
7118** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
7119**
7120** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
7121** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
7122** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
7123** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
7124** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
7125** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
7126** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
7127** </dd>
7128** </dl>
7129*/
7130#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
7131#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
7132#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
7133#define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
7134
7135/*
7136** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7137**
7138** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
7139** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
7140** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
7141** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
7142** to the object.
7143**
7144** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7145*/
7146typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
7147
7148/*
7149** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
7150**
7151** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
7152** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
7153** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
7154** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
7155**
7156** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
7157*/
7158typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
7159struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
7160  void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
7161  void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
7162};
7163
7164/*
7165** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
7166** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
7167**
7168** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
7169** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
7170** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
7171** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
7172** SQLite is used for the page cache.
7173** By implementing a
7174** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
7175** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
7176** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
7177** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
7178** how long.
7179**
7180** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
7181** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
7182** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
7183**
7184** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
7185** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
7186** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
7187** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
7188**
7189** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
7190** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
7191** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
7192** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
7193** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
7194** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
7195** required by the custom page cache implementation.
7196** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
7197** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
7198** page cache.)^
7199**
7200** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
7201** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7202** It can be used to clean up
7203** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
7204** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
7205**
7206** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
7207** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
7208** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
7209** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
7210** in multithreaded applications.
7211**
7212** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
7213** call to xShutdown().
7214**
7215** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
7216** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
7217** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
7218** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
7219** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
7220** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
7221** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
7222** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
7223** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
7224** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
7225** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
7226** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
7227** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
7228** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
7229** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
7230** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
7231** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
7232** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
7233** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
7234** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
7235** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
7236** never contain any unpinned pages.
7237**
7238** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
7239** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
7240** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
7241** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
7242** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
7243** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
7244** value; it is advisory only.
7245**
7246** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
7247** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
7248** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
7249**
7250** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
7251** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
7252** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
7253** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
7254** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
7255** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
7256** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
7257** for each entry in the page cache.
7258**
7259** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
7260** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
7261** to be "pinned".
7262**
7263** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
7264** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
7265** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
7266** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
7267** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
7268**
7269** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
7270** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
7271** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
7272** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
7273**                 Otherwise return NULL.
7274** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
7275**                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
7276** </table>
7277**
7278** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
7279** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
7280** failed.)^  In between the to xFetch() calls, SQLite may
7281** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
7282** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
7283**
7284** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
7285** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
7286** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
7287** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
7288** ^If the discard parameter is
7289** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
7290** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
7291** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
7292**
7293** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
7294** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
7295** to xFetch().
7296**
7297** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
7298** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
7299** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
7300** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
7301** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
7302** to be pinned.
7303**
7304** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
7305** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
7306** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
7307** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
7308** they can be safely discarded.
7309**
7310** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
7311** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
7312** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
7313** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
7314** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
7315** functions.
7316**
7317** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
7318** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
7319** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
7320** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
7321** do their best.
7322*/
7323typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
7324struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
7325  int iVersion;
7326  void *pArg;
7327  int (*xInit)(void*);
7328  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7329  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
7330  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7331  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7332  sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7333  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
7334  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
7335      unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7336  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7337  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7338  void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7339};
7340
7341/*
7342** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
7343** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
7344** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
7345*/
7346typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
7347struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
7348  void *pArg;
7349  int (*xInit)(void*);
7350  void (*xShutdown)(void*);
7351  sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
7352  void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
7353  int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7354  void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
7355  void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
7356  void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
7357  void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
7358  void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
7359};
7360
7361
7362/*
7363** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
7364**
7365** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
7366** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
7367** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
7368** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
7369**
7370** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7371*/
7372typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
7373
7374/*
7375** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
7376**
7377** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
7378** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
7379** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
7380**
7381** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
7382**
7383** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
7384** for the duration of the backup operation.
7385** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
7386** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
7387** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
7388** preventing other database connections from
7389** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
7390**
7391** ^(To perform a backup operation:
7392**   <ol>
7393**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
7394**         backup,
7395**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
7396**         the data between the two databases, and finally
7397**     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
7398**         associated with the backup operation.
7399**   </ol>)^
7400** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
7401** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
7402**
7403** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
7404**
7405** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
7406** [database connection] associated with the destination database
7407** and the database name, respectively.
7408** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
7409** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
7410** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
7411** ^The S and M arguments passed to
7412** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
7413** and database name of the source database, respectively.
7414** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
7415** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
7416** an error.
7417**
7418** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
7419** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
7420** destination database.
7421**
7422** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
7423** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
7424** destination [database connection] D.
7425** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
7426** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
7427** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
7428** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
7429** [sqlite3_backup] object.
7430** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
7431** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
7432** operation.
7433**
7434** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
7435**
7436** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
7437** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
7438** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
7439** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
7440** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
7441** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
7442** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
7443** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
7444** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
7445** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
7446** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
7447** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
7448**
7449** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
7450** <ol>
7451** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
7452** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
7453** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
7454** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
7455** destination and source page sizes differ.
7456** </ol>)^
7457**
7458** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
7459** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
7460** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
7461** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
7462** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
7463** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
7464** [database connection]
7465** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
7466** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
7467** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
7468** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
7469** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
7470** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
7471** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
7472** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
7473** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
7474**
7475** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
7476** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
7477** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
7478** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
7479** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
7480** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
7481** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
7482** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
7483** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
7484** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
7485** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
7486** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
7487** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
7488** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
7489** updated at the same time.
7490**
7491** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
7492**
7493** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
7494** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
7495** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7496** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
7497** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
7498** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
7499** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
7500** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
7501** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
7502**
7503** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
7504** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
7505** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
7506** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
7507** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
7508** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
7509**
7510** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
7511** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
7512** sqlite3_backup_finish().
7513**
7514** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
7515** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
7516**
7517** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
7518** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
7519** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
7520** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
7521** sqlite3_backup_step().
7522** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
7523** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
7524** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
7525** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7526** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
7527** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
7528**
7529** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
7530**
7531** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
7532** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
7533** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
7534** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
7535** from within other threads.
7536**
7537** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
7538** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
7539** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
7540** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
7541** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
7542** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
7543** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
7544** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
7545**
7546** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
7547** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
7548** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
7549** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
7550** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
7551** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
7552**
7553** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
7554** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
7555** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
7556** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
7557** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
7558** possible that they return invalid values.
7559*/
7560SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
7561  sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
7562  const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
7563  sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
7564  const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
7565);
7566SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
7567SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
7568SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
7569SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
7570
7571/*
7572** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
7573** METHOD: sqlite3
7574**
7575** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
7576** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
7577** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
7578** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
7579** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
7580** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
7581** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
7582** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
7583**
7584** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
7585**
7586** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
7587** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
7588**
7589** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
7590** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
7591** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
7592** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
7593** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
7594** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
7595** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
7596** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
7597** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
7598** call that concludes the blocking connections transaction.
7599**
7600** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
7601** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
7602** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
7603** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
7604** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
7605**
7606** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
7607** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
7608** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
7609** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
7610**
7611** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
7612** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
7613** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
7614** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
7615** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
7616** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
7617** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
7618** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
7619**
7620** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
7621** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
7622** crash or deadlock may be the result.
7623**
7624** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
7625** returns SQLITE_OK.
7626**
7627** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
7628**
7629** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
7630** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
7631** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
7632** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
7633** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
7634** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
7635**
7636** When a blocking connections transaction is concluded, there may be
7637** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
7638** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
7639** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
7640** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
7641** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
7642** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
7643** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
7644**
7645** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
7646**
7647** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
7648** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
7649** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
7650** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
7651** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
7652** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
7653** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
7654**
7655** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
7656** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
7657** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
7658** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
7659** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
7660** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
7661** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
7662** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
7663** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
7664** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
7665** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
7666** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
7667**
7668** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
7669**
7670** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
7671** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
7672** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
7673** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
7674** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
7675** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
7676** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
7677** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
7678** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
7679**
7680** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
7681** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
7682** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
7683** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
7684** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
7685*/
7686SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
7687  sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
7688  void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
7689  void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
7690);
7691
7692
7693/*
7694** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
7695**
7696** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
7697** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
7698** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
7699** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
7700*/
7701SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
7702SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
7703
7704/*
7705** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
7706*
7707** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
7708** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
7709** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
7710** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
7711** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
7712** is case sensitive.
7713**
7714** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7715** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7716**
7717** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
7718*/
7719SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
7720
7721/*
7722** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
7723*
7724** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
7725** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
7726** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
7727** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
7728** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
7729** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
7730** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
7731** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
7732** one another.
7733**
7734** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
7735** only ASCII characters are case folded.
7736**
7737** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
7738** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
7739**
7740** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
7741*/
7742SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
7743
7744/*
7745** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
7746**
7747** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
7748** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
7749** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
7750** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
7751**
7752** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
7753** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
7754** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
7755** is considered bad form.
7756**
7757** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
7758**
7759** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
7760** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
7761** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
7762** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
7763** buffer.
7764*/
7765SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
7766
7767/*
7768** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
7769** METHOD: sqlite3
7770**
7771** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
7772** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
7773**
7774** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
7775** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
7776** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
7777**
7778** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
7779** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
7780** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
7781** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
7782** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
7783** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
7784** including those that were just committed.
7785**
7786** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
7787** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
7788** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
7789** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
7790** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
7791** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
7792** are undefined.
7793**
7794** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
7795** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
7796** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
7797** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
7798** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
7799** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
7800*/
7801SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
7802  sqlite3*,
7803  int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
7804  void*
7805);
7806
7807/*
7808** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
7809** METHOD: sqlite3
7810**
7811** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
7812** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
7813** to automatically [checkpoint]
7814** after committing a transaction if there are N or
7815** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
7816** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
7817** checkpoints entirely.
7818**
7819** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
7820** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
7821** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
7822** configured by this function.
7823**
7824** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
7825** from SQL.
7826**
7827** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
7828** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
7829**
7830** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
7831** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
7832** pages.  The use of this interface
7833** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
7834** for a particular application.
7835*/
7836SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
7837
7838/*
7839** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7840** METHOD: sqlite3
7841**
7842** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
7843** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
7844**
7845** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
7846** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
7847** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
7848** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
7849** information.
7850**
7851** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
7852** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
7853** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
7854** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
7855** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
7856** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
7857*/
7858SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
7859
7860/*
7861** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
7862** METHOD: sqlite3
7863**
7864** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
7865** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
7866** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
7867** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
7868**
7869** <dl>
7870** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
7871**   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
7872**   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
7873**   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
7874**   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
7875**   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
7876**   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
7877**
7878** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
7879**   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
7880**   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
7881**   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
7882**   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
7883**   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
7884**   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
7885**
7886** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
7887**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
7888**   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
7889**   [busy-handler callback])
7890**   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
7891**   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
7892**   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
7893**   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
7894**
7895** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
7896**   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
7897**   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
7898**   to a successful return.
7899** </dl>
7900**
7901** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
7902** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
7903** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
7904** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
7905** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
7906** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
7907** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
7908** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
7909** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
7910**
7911** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
7912** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
7913** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
7914** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
7915**
7916** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
7917** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
7918** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
7919** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
7920** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
7921** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
7922** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
7923** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
7924** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
7925** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
7926**
7927** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
7928** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
7929** [database connection] db.  In this case the
7930** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
7931** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
7932** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
7933** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
7934** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
7935** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
7936** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
7937** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
7938**
7939** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
7940** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
7941** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
7942** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
7943**
7944** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
7945** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
7946** sets the error information that is queried by
7947** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
7948**
7949** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
7950** from SQL.
7951*/
7952SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
7953  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
7954  const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
7955  int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
7956  int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
7957  int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
7958);
7959
7960/*
7961** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
7962** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
7963**
7964** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
7965** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
7966** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
7967** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
7968*/
7969#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
7970#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
7971#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
7972#define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
7973
7974/*
7975** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
7976**
7977** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
7978** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
7979** various facets of the virtual table interface.
7980**
7981** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
7982** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
7983**
7984** At present, there is only one option that may be configured using
7985** this function. (See [SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT].)  Further options
7986** may be added in the future.
7987*/
7988SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
7989
7990/*
7991** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
7992**
7993** These macros define the various options to the
7994** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
7995** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
7996**
7997** <dl>
7998** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT
7999** <dd>Calls of the form
8000** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
8001** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
8002** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
8003** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
8004** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
8005** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
8006** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
8007** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
8008**
8009** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
8010** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
8011** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
8012** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
8013** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
8014** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
8015** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
8016** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
8017** had been ABORT.
8018**
8019** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
8020** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
8021** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
8022** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
8023** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
8024** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
8025** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
8026** constraint handling.
8027** </dl>
8028*/
8029#define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
8030
8031/*
8032** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
8033**
8034** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
8035** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
8036** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
8037** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8038** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
8039** [virtual table].
8040*/
8041SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
8042
8043/*
8044** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
8045** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
8046**
8047** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
8048** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
8049** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
8050**
8051** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
8052** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
8053** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
8054*/
8055#define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
8056/* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
8057#define SQLITE_FAIL     3
8058/* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
8059#define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
8060
8061/*
8062** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
8063** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
8064**
8065** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
8066** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
8067** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
8068**
8069** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
8070** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
8071** S is finalized.
8072**
8073** <dl>
8074** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
8075** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be
8076** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
8077**
8078** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
8079** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8080** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
8081**
8082** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
8083** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8084** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
8085** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
8086** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
8087** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
8088** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
8089**
8090** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
8091** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8092** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
8093** used for the X-th loop.
8094**
8095** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
8096** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set
8097** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
8098** description for the X-th loop.
8099**
8100** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
8101** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the T parameter will be set to the
8102** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
8103** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
8104** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
8105** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
8106** </dl>
8107*/
8108#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
8109#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
8110#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
8111#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
8112#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
8113#define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
8114
8115/*
8116** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
8117** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8118**
8119** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
8120** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
8121** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
8122** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
8123**
8124** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
8125** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
8126** compile-time option.
8127**
8128** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
8129** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
8130** of this interface is undefined.
8131** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
8132** the "pOut" parameter.
8133** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
8134** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
8135** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
8136** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
8137** points to is unchanged.
8138**
8139** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
8140** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
8141** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
8142** that pOut points to unchanged.
8143**
8144** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
8145*/
8146SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
8147  sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
8148  int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
8149  int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
8150  void *pOut                /* Result written here */
8151);
8152
8153/*
8154** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
8155** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8156**
8157** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
8158**
8159** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
8160** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
8161*/
8162SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
8163
8164/*
8165** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
8166**
8167** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
8168** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
8169** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
8170** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
8171** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
8172** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
8173** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
8174** any [attached] databases.
8175**
8176** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
8177** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
8178** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
8179** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
8180** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
8181** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
8182** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
8183** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
8184**
8185** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
8186** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
8187** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
8188**
8189** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
8190**
8191** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
8192** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
8193*/
8194SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
8195
8196/*
8197** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
8198**
8199** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
8200** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
8201**
8202** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
8203** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
8204** on a database table.
8205** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
8206** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
8207** the previous setting.
8208** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
8209** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
8210** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
8211** the first parameter to callbacks.
8212**
8213** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
8214** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
8215** system tables like sqlite_master or sqlite_stat1.
8216**
8217** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
8218** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
8219** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
8220** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
8221** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
8222** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8223** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
8224** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
8225** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
8226** databases.)^
8227** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
8228** table that is being modified.
8229**
8230** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
8231** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
8232** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
8233** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
8234** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
8235** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
8236** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
8237** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
8238** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
8239**
8240** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
8241** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
8242** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
8243** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
8244** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
8245** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
8246** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
8247** behavior.
8248**
8249** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
8250** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
8251**
8252** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8253** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8254** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8255** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8256** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
8257** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
8258** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8259** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8260**
8261** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
8262** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
8263** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
8264** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
8265** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
8266** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
8267** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
8268** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
8269**
8270** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
8271** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
8272** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
8273** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
8274** triggers; and so forth.
8275**
8276** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
8277*/
8278#if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
8279SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
8280  sqlite3 *db,
8281  void(*xPreUpdate)(
8282    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
8283    sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
8284    int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
8285    char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
8286    char const *zName,            /* Table name */
8287    sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
8288    sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
8289  ),
8290  void*
8291);
8292SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8293SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
8294SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
8295SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
8296#endif
8297
8298/*
8299** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
8300**
8301** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
8302** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
8303** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
8304** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
8305** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
8306** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
8307*/
8308SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
8309
8310/*
8311** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
8312** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
8313** EXPERIMENTAL
8314**
8315** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
8316** database for some specific point in history.
8317**
8318** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
8319** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
8320** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
8321** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
8322** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
8323** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
8324** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
8325**
8326** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
8327** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
8328** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
8329** the most recent version.
8330**
8331** The constructor for this object is [sqlite3_snapshot_get()].  The
8332** [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] method causes a fresh read transaction to refer
8333** to an historical snapshot (if possible).  The destructor for
8334** sqlite3_snapshot objects is [sqlite3_snapshot_free()].
8335*/
8336typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
8337  unsigned char hidden[48];
8338} sqlite3_snapshot;
8339
8340/*
8341** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
8342** EXPERIMENTAL
8343**
8344** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
8345** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
8346** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
8347** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
8348** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
8349** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
8350** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
8351**
8352** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
8353** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
8354** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
8355** in this case.
8356**
8357** <ul>
8358**   <li> The database handle must be in [autocommit mode].
8359**
8360**   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
8361**
8362**   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
8363**        connection D.
8364**
8365**   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
8366**        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
8367**        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
8368**        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
8369**        must be written to it first.
8370** </ul>
8371**
8372** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
8373** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
8374** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
8375**
8376** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
8377** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
8378** to avoid a memory leak.
8379**
8380** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
8381** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8382*/
8383SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
8384  sqlite3 *db,
8385  const char *zSchema,
8386  sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
8387);
8388
8389/*
8390** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
8391** EXPERIMENTAL
8392**
8393** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface starts a
8394** read transaction for schema S of
8395** [database connection] D such that the read transaction
8396** refers to historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most
8397** recent change to the database.
8398** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK on success
8399** or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
8400**
8401** ^In order to succeed, a call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] must be
8402** the first operation following the [BEGIN] that takes the schema S
8403** out of [autocommit mode].
8404** ^In other words, schema S must not currently be in
8405** a transaction for [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] to work, but the
8406** database connection D must be out of [autocommit mode].
8407** ^A [snapshot] will fail to open if it has been overwritten by a
8408** [checkpoint].
8409** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
8410** database connection D does not know that the database file for
8411** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
8412** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
8413** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
8414** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
8415** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
8416** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
8417**
8418** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
8419** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8420*/
8421SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
8422  sqlite3 *db,
8423  const char *zSchema,
8424  sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
8425);
8426
8427/*
8428** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
8429** EXPERIMENTAL
8430**
8431** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
8432** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
8433** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
8434**
8435** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
8436** SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT compile-time option is used.
8437*/
8438SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
8439
8440/*
8441** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
8442** EXPERIMENTAL
8443**
8444** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
8445** of two valid snapshot handles.
8446**
8447** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
8448** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
8449**
8450** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
8451** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
8452** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
8453** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
8454** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
8455** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
8456** is undefined.
8457**
8458** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
8459** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
8460** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
8461*/
8462SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
8463  sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
8464  sqlite3_snapshot *p2
8465);
8466
8467/*
8468** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
8469** EXPERIMENTAL
8470**
8471** If all connections disconnect from a database file but do not perform
8472** a checkpoint, the existing wal file is opened along with the database
8473** file the next time the database is opened. At this point it is only
8474** possible to successfully call sqlite3_snapshot_open() to open the most
8475** recent snapshot of the database (the one at the head of the wal file),
8476** even though the wal file may contain other valid snapshots for which
8477** clients have sqlite3_snapshot handles.
8478**
8479** This function attempts to scan the wal file associated with database zDb
8480** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
8481** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
8482** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a wal mode
8483** database.
8484**
8485** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
8486*/
8487SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8488
8489/*
8490** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
8491** builds on processors without floating point support.
8492*/
8493#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
8494# undef double
8495#endif
8496
8497#ifdef __cplusplus
8498}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
8499#endif
8500#endif /* SQLITE3_H */
8501
8502/******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
8503/*
8504** 2010 August 30
8505**
8506** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
8507** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
8508**
8509**    May you do good and not evil.
8510**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
8511**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
8512**
8513*************************************************************************
8514*/
8515
8516#ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
8517#define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
8518
8519
8520#ifdef __cplusplus
8521extern "C" {
8522#endif
8523
8524typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
8525typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
8526
8527/* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
8528** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
8529*/
8530#ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
8531  typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
8532#else
8533  typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
8534#endif
8535
8536/*
8537** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
8538** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
8539**
8540**   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
8541*/
8542SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
8543  sqlite3 *db,
8544  const char *zGeom,
8545  int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
8546  void *pContext
8547);
8548
8549
8550/*
8551** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
8552** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
8553*/
8554struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
8555  void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
8556  int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
8557  sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
8558  void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
8559  void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
8560};
8561
8562/*
8563** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
8564** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
8565**
8566**   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
8567*/
8568SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
8569  sqlite3 *db,
8570  const char *zQueryFunc,
8571  int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
8572  void *pContext,
8573  void (*xDestructor)(void*)
8574);
8575
8576
8577/*
8578** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
8579** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
8580** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
8581**
8582** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
8583** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
8584** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
8585*/
8586struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
8587  void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
8588  int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
8589  sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
8590  void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
8591  void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
8592  sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
8593  unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
8594  int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
8595  int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
8596  int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
8597  sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
8598  sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
8599  int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
8600  int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visiblity */
8601  sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
8602  /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
8603  sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
8604};
8605
8606/*
8607** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
8608*/
8609#define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
8610#define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
8611#define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
8612
8613
8614#ifdef __cplusplus
8615}  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
8616#endif
8617
8618#endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
8619
8620/******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
8621/******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
8622
8623#if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
8624#define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
8625
8626/*
8627** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
8628*/
8629#ifdef __cplusplus
8630extern "C" {
8631#endif
8632
8633
8634/*
8635** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
8636*/
8637typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
8638
8639/*
8640** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
8641*/
8642typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
8643
8644/*
8645** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
8646**
8647** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
8648** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
8649** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
8650** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
8651**
8652** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
8653** database handle.
8654**
8655** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
8656** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
8657** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
8658** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
8659** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
8660** are undefined.
8661**
8662** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
8663** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
8664** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
8665** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
8666** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
8667** either of these things are undefined.
8668**
8669** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
8670** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
8671** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
8672** to the database when the session object is created.
8673*/
8674SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
8675  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
8676  const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
8677  sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
8678);
8679
8680/*
8681** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
8682**
8683** Delete a session object previously allocated using
8684** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
8685** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
8686** function are undefined.
8687**
8688** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
8689** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
8690** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
8691*/
8692SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
8693
8694
8695/*
8696** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
8697**
8698** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
8699** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
8700** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
8701** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
8702** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
8703** the eventual changesets.
8704**
8705** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
8706** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
8707** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
8708**
8709** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
8710** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
8711*/
8712SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
8713
8714/*
8715** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
8716**
8717** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
8718** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
8719**
8720** <ul>
8721**   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
8722**        made, or
8723**   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
8724**        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
8725** </ul>
8726**
8727** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
8728** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
8729** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
8730**
8731** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
8732** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
8733** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
8734** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
8735** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
8736** indirect flag for the specified session object.
8737**
8738** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
8739** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
8740*/
8741SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
8742
8743/*
8744** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
8745**
8746** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
8747** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
8748** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
8749** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
8750**
8751** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
8752** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
8753** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
8754** the new tables are also recorded.
8755**
8756** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
8757** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
8758** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
8759** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
8760**
8761** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
8762** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
8763** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
8764**
8765** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
8766** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
8767**
8768** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
8769** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
8770*/
8771SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
8772  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8773  const char *zTab                /* Table name */
8774);
8775
8776/*
8777** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
8778**
8779** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
8780** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
8781** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
8782** If xFilter returns 0, changes is not tracked. Note that once a table is
8783** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
8784*/
8785SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
8786  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8787  int(*xFilter)(
8788    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
8789    const char *zTab              /* Table name */
8790  ),
8791  void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
8792);
8793
8794/*
8795** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
8796**
8797** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
8798** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
8799** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
8800** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
8801** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
8802** zero and return an SQLite error code.
8803**
8804** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
8805** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
8806** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
8807** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
8808** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
8809** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
8810** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
8811** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
8812** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
8813**
8814** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
8815** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
8816** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
8817** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
8818** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
8819** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
8820** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
8821** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
8822** DELETE change only.
8823**
8824** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
8825** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
8826** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
8827** API.
8828**
8829** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
8830** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
8831** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
8832** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
8833** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
8834** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
8835** a single table are stored is undefined.
8836**
8837** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
8838** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
8839** [sqlite3_free()].
8840**
8841** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
8842**
8843** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
8844** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
8845** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
8846** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
8847** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
8848** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
8849**
8850** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
8851** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
8852** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
8853**
8854** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
8855** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
8856** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
8857** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
8858** or updates a record).
8859**
8860** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
8861** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
8862** file. Specifically:
8863**
8864** <ul>
8865**   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
8866**        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
8867**        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
8868**        is added to the changeset.
8869**
8870**   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
8871**        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
8872**        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
8873**        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
8874**        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
8875**        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
8876**        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
8877**        values, no change is added to the changeset.
8878** </ul>
8879**
8880** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
8881** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
8882** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
8883** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
8884** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
8885** a DELETE and an INSERT.
8886**
8887** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
8888** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
8889** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
8890** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
8891** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
8892** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
8893** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
8894** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is disabled, and
8895** another field of the same row is updated while the session is enabled, the
8896** resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both fields.
8897*/
8898SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
8899  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8900  int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
8901  void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
8902);
8903
8904/*
8905** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
8906**
8907** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
8908** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
8909** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
8910** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
8911** an error).
8912**
8913** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
8914** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
8915** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
8916** A table is considered compatible if it:
8917**
8918** <ul>
8919**   <li> Has the same name,
8920**   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
8921**   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
8922** </ul>
8923**
8924** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
8925** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
8926** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
8927** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
8928**
8929** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
8930** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
8931** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
8932** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
8933**
8934** <ul>
8935**   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
8936**     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
8937**
8938**   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
8939**     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
8940**
8941**   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
8942**     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
8943**     session.
8944** </ul>
8945**
8946** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
8947** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
8948** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
8949** identical.
8950**
8951** It an error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the
8952** required compatible table.
8953**
8954** If the operation successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
8955** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
8956** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
8957** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
8958** sqlite3_free().
8959*/
8960SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
8961  sqlite3_session *pSession,
8962  const char *zFromDb,
8963  const char *zTbl,
8964  char **pzErrMsg
8965);
8966
8967
8968/*
8969** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
8970**
8971** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
8972**
8973** <ul>
8974**   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
8975**        original values of other fields are omitted.
8976**   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
8977**        UPDATE records.
8978** </ul>
8979**
8980** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
8981** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
8982** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
8983** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
8984** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
8985**
8986** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
8987** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
8988** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
8989** in the same way as for changesets.
8990**
8991** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
8992** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
8993** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
8994** they were attached to the session object).
8995*/
8996SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
8997  sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
8998  int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
8999  void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
9000);
9001
9002/*
9003** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
9004**
9005** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
9006** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
9007** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
9008**
9009** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
9010** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
9011** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
9012** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
9013** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
9014** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
9015** changeset containing zero changes.
9016*/
9017SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
9018
9019/*
9020** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
9021**
9022** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
9023** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
9024** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
9025** SQLite error code is returned.
9026**
9027** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
9028** iterator created by this function:
9029**
9030** <ul>
9031**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
9032**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
9033**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
9034**   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
9035** </ul>
9036**
9037** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
9038** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
9039** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
9040** destroyed.
9041**
9042** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
9043** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
9044** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
9045** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
9046** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
9047** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
9048** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
9049** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
9050** another change for table X.
9051*/
9052SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
9053  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
9054  int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
9055  void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
9056);
9057
9058
9059/*
9060** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
9061**
9062** This function may only be used with iterators created by function
9063** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
9064** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
9065** is returned and the call has no effect.
9066**
9067** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
9068** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
9069** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
9070** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
9071** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
9072** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
9073** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
9074** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
9075** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
9076**
9077** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
9078** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
9079** SQLITE_NOMEM.
9080*/
9081SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
9082
9083/*
9084** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
9085**
9086** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9087** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9088** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9089** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
9090** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
9091**
9092** If argument pzTab is not NULL, then *pzTab is set to point to a
9093** nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing the name of the table
9094** affected by the current change. The buffer remains valid until either
9095** sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator or until the
9096** conflict-handler function returns. If pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is
9097** set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change. If
9098** pbIncorrect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
9099** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
9100** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
9101** changes. Finally, if pOp is not NULL, then *pOp is set to one of
9102** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the
9103** type of change that the iterator currently points to.
9104**
9105** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
9106** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
9107** be trusted in this case.
9108*/
9109SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
9110  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
9111  const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
9112  int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
9113  int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
9114  int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
9115);
9116
9117/*
9118** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
9119**
9120** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
9121**
9122** <ul>
9123**   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
9124**   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
9125** </ul>
9126**
9127** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
9128** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
9129** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
9130** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
9131** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
9132** 0x00 if it is not.
9133**
9134** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
9135** in the table.
9136**
9137** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
9138** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
9139** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
9140** above.
9141*/
9142SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
9143  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
9144  unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
9145  int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
9146);
9147
9148/*
9149** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
9150**
9151** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9152** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9153** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9154** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
9155** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
9156** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
9157** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
9158**
9159** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9160** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9161** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9162**
9163** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9164** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
9165** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
9166** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
9167** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
9168**
9169** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9170** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9171*/
9172SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
9173  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9174  int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9175  sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
9176);
9177
9178/*
9179** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
9180**
9181** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
9182** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
9183** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
9184** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
9185** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
9186** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
9187** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
9188**
9189** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9190** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9191** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9192**
9193** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9194** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
9195** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
9196** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
9197** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
9198** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
9199** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
9200** triggers.
9201**
9202** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9203** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9204*/
9205SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
9206  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9207  int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9208  sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
9209);
9210
9211/*
9212** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
9213**
9214** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
9215** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
9216** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
9217** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
9218** is set to NULL.
9219**
9220** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
9221** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
9222** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9223**
9224** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
9225** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
9226** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
9227** and returns SQLITE_OK.
9228**
9229** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
9230** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
9231*/
9232SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
9233  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9234  int iVal,                       /* Column number */
9235  sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
9236);
9237
9238/*
9239** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
9240**
9241** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
9242** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
9243** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
9244** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
9245**
9246** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
9247*/
9248SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
9249  sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
9250  int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
9251);
9252
9253
9254/*
9255** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
9256**
9257** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
9258** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
9259**
9260** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
9261** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
9262** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
9263** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
9264** call has no effect.
9265**
9266** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
9267** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
9268** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
9269** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
9270** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
9271**
9272**   sqlite3changeset_start();
9273**   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
9274**     // Do something with change.
9275**   }
9276**   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
9277**   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
9278**     // An error has occurred
9279**   }
9280*/
9281SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
9282
9283/*
9284** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
9285**
9286** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
9287** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
9288** changeset. Specifically:
9289**
9290** <ul>
9291**   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
9292**   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
9293**   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
9294** </ul>
9295**
9296** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
9297** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
9298**
9299** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
9300** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
9301** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
9302** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
9303**
9304** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
9305** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
9306** call to this function.
9307**
9308** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
9309** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
9310*/
9311SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
9312  int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
9313  int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
9314);
9315
9316/*
9317** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
9318**
9319** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
9320** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
9321** changeset A followed by changeset B.
9322**
9323** This function combines the two input changesets using an
9324** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
9325** following code fragment:
9326**
9327**   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
9328**   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
9329**   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
9330**   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
9331**   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
9332**     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
9333**   }else{
9334**     *ppOut = 0;
9335**     *pnOut = 0;
9336**   }
9337**
9338** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
9339*/
9340SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
9341  int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
9342  void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
9343  int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
9344  void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
9345  int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
9346  void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
9347);
9348
9349
9350/*
9351** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
9352*/
9353typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
9354
9355/*
9356** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
9357**
9358** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
9359** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
9360** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
9361** always in the same format as the input.
9362**
9363** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
9364** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
9365** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
9366** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
9367** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
9368**
9369** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
9370**
9371** <ul>
9372**   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
9373**
9374**   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
9375**        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
9376**
9377**   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
9378**        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
9379**
9380**   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
9381** </ul>
9382**
9383** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
9384** new() and delete(), and in any order.
9385**
9386** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
9387** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
9388** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
9389*/
9390int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
9391
9392/*
9393** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
9394**
9395** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
9396** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
9397**
9398** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
9399** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
9400** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
9401** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
9402** to the changegroup.
9403**
9404** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
9405** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
9406** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
9407** the two rows have the same primary key.
9408**
9409** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
9410** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
9411** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
9412** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
9413**
9414** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
9415**   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
9416**       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
9417**       <th>Output Change
9418**   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
9419**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9420**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9421**       added to the changegroup.
9422**   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
9423**       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
9424**       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
9425**       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
9426**   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
9427**       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
9428**       not added.
9429**   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
9430**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9431**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9432**       added to the changegroup.
9433**   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
9434**       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
9435**       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
9436**       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
9437**   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
9438**       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
9439**       changegroup.
9440**   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
9441**       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
9442**       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
9443**       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
9444**       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
9445**       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
9446**   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
9447**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9448**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9449**       added to the changegroup.
9450**   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
9451**       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
9452**       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
9453**       added to the changegroup.
9454** </table>
9455**
9456** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
9457** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
9458** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
9459** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
9460** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
9461** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
9462** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the
9463** final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
9464**
9465** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9466*/
9467int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
9468
9469/*
9470** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
9471**
9472** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
9473** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
9474** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
9475** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
9476**
9477** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
9478** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
9479** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
9480** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
9481** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
9482** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
9483** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
9484** which they are first encountered.
9485**
9486** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
9487** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
9488** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
9489** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
9490** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
9491** call to sqlite3_free().
9492*/
9493int sqlite3changegroup_output(
9494  sqlite3_changegroup*,
9495  int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
9496  void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
9497);
9498
9499/*
9500** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
9501*/
9502void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
9503
9504/*
9505** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
9506**
9507** Apply a changeset to a database. This function attempts to update the
9508** "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in the
9509** changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
9510**
9511** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to this function is the "filter
9512** callback". If it is not NULL, then for each table affected by at least one
9513** change in the changeset, the filter callback is invoked with
9514** the table name as the second argument, and a copy of the context pointer
9515** passed as the sixth argument to this function as the first. If the "filter
9516** callback" returns zero, then no attempt is made to apply any changes to
9517** the table. Otherwise, if the return value is non-zero or the xFilter
9518** argument to this function is NULL, all changes related to the table are
9519** attempted.
9520**
9521** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
9522** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
9523** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
9524**
9525** <ul>
9526**   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
9527**        changeset, and
9528**   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
9529**        changeset, and
9530**   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
9531**        recorded in the changeset.
9532** </ul>
9533**
9534** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
9535** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
9536** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
9537** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
9538**
9539** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
9540** to modify the table contents according to the UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
9541** change. If a change cannot be applied cleanly, the conflict handler
9542** function passed as the fifth argument to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be
9543** invoked. A description of exactly when the conflict handler is invoked for
9544** each type of change is below.
9545**
9546** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
9547** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
9548** argument are undefined.
9549**
9550** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
9551** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
9552** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
9553** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
9554** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
9555** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
9556** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
9557** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
9558** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
9559** the documentation for the three
9560** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
9561**
9562** <dl>
9563** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
9564**   For each DELETE change, this function checks if the target database
9565**   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
9566**   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
9567**   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
9568**   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
9569**
9570**   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
9571**   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
9572**   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
9573**   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
9574**   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
9575**   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
9576**   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
9577**   are ignored.
9578**
9579**   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
9580**   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
9581**   passed as the second argument.
9582**
9583**   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
9584**   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
9585**   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
9586**   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
9587**   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
9588**   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9589**
9590** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
9591**   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
9592**   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
9593**   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
9594**   values.
9595**
9596**   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
9597**   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
9598**   function is invoked with the second argument set to
9599**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
9600**
9601**   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
9602**   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
9603**   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
9604**   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
9605**   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
9606**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9607**
9608** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
9609**   For each UPDATE change, this function checks if the target database
9610**   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
9611**   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
9612**   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
9613**   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
9614**
9615**   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
9616**   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
9617**   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
9618**   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
9619**   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
9620**   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
9621**   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
9622**
9623**   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
9624**   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
9625**   passed as the second argument.
9626**
9627**   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
9628**   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
9629**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
9630**   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
9631**   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
9632**   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
9633** </dl>
9634**
9635** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
9636** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
9637** This can be used to further customize the applications conflict
9638** resolution strategy.
9639**
9640** All changes made by this function are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
9641** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
9642** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
9643** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
9644** SQLite error code returned.
9645*/
9646SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
9647  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
9648  int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
9649  void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
9650  int(*xFilter)(
9651    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9652    const char *zTab              /* Table name */
9653  ),
9654  int(*xConflict)(
9655    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9656    int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
9657    sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
9658  ),
9659  void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
9660);
9661
9662/*
9663** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
9664**
9665** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
9666**
9667** <dl>
9668** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
9669**   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
9670**   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
9671**   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
9672**   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
9673**   expected "before" values.
9674**
9675**   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
9676**   primary key.
9677**
9678** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
9679**   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
9680**   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
9681**   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
9682**
9683**   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
9684**   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
9685**
9686** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
9687**   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
9688**   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
9689**   in duplicate primary key values.
9690**
9691**   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
9692**   primary key.
9693**
9694** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
9695**   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
9696**   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
9697**   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
9698**   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
9699**   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
9700**   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
9701**   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
9702**
9703**   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
9704**   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
9705**   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
9706**
9707** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
9708**   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
9709**   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
9710**   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
9711**
9712**   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
9713**   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
9714**
9715** </dl>
9716*/
9717#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
9718#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
9719#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
9720#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
9721#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
9722
9723/*
9724** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
9725**
9726** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
9727**
9728** <dl>
9729** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
9730**   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
9731**   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
9732**   continues to the next change in the changeset.
9733**
9734** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
9735**   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
9736**   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
9737**   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
9738**   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
9739**
9740**   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
9741**   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
9742**   on the type of change.
9743**
9744**   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
9745**   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
9746**   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
9747**   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
9748**
9749** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
9750**   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
9751**   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
9752** </dl>
9753*/
9754#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
9755#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
9756#define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
9757
9758/*
9759** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
9760**
9761** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
9762** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
9763**
9764** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
9765**   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
9766**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
9767**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
9768**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
9769**   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_str<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
9770**   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_str<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
9771**   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_str<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
9772** </table>
9773**
9774** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
9775** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
9776** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
9777** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
9778** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
9779** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
9780** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
9781**
9782** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
9783** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
9784** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
9785** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
9786**
9787**  <pre>
9788**  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
9789**  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
9790**  </pre>
9791**
9792** Is replaced by:
9793**
9794**  <pre>
9795**  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9796**  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
9797**  </pre>
9798**
9799** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
9800** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
9801** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
9802** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
9803** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
9804** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
9805** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
9806** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
9807** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
9808** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
9809**
9810** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
9811** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
9812** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
9813** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
9814** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
9815**
9816** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
9817** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
9818** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
9819** as:
9820**
9821**  <pre>
9822**  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
9823**  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
9824**  </pre>
9825**
9826** Is replaced by:
9827**
9828**  <pre>
9829**  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9830**  &nbsp;     void *pOut
9831**  </pre>
9832**
9833** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
9834** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
9835** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
9836** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
9837** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
9838** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
9839** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
9840** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
9841** of the xOutput error code to the application.
9842**
9843** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
9844** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
9845** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
9846*/
9847SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
9848  sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
9849  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
9850  void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
9851  int(*xFilter)(
9852    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9853    const char *zTab              /* Table name */
9854  ),
9855  int(*xConflict)(
9856    void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
9857    int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
9858    sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
9859  ),
9860  void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
9861);
9862SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
9863  int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9864  void *pInA,
9865  int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9866  void *pInB,
9867  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9868  void *pOut
9869);
9870SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
9871  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9872  void *pIn,
9873  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9874  void *pOut
9875);
9876SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
9877  sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
9878  int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9879  void *pIn
9880);
9881SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
9882  sqlite3_session *pSession,
9883  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9884  void *pOut
9885);
9886SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
9887  sqlite3_session *pSession,
9888  int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9889  void *pOut
9890);
9891int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
9892    int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
9893    void *pIn
9894);
9895int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
9896    int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
9897    void *pOut
9898);
9899
9900
9901/*
9902** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
9903*/
9904#ifdef __cplusplus
9905}
9906#endif
9907
9908#endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
9909
9910/******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
9911/******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
9912/*
9913** 2014 May 31
9914**
9915** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
9916** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
9917**
9918**    May you do good and not evil.
9919**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9920**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
9921**
9922******************************************************************************
9923**
9924** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
9925** FTS5 may be extended with:
9926**
9927**     * custom tokenizers, and
9928**     * custom auxiliary functions.
9929*/
9930
9931
9932#ifndef _FTS5_H
9933#define _FTS5_H
9934
9935
9936#ifdef __cplusplus
9937extern "C" {
9938#endif
9939
9940/*************************************************************************
9941** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
9942**
9943** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
9944** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
9945*/
9946
9947typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
9948typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
9949typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
9950
9951typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
9952  const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
9953  Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
9954  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
9955  int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
9956  sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
9957);
9958
9959struct Fts5PhraseIter {
9960  const unsigned char *a;
9961  const unsigned char *b;
9962};
9963
9964/*
9965** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
9966**
9967** xUserData(pFts):
9968**   Return a copy of the context pointer the extension function was
9969**   registered with.
9970**
9971** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
9972**   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
9973**   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
9974**   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
9975**   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
9976**   the FTS5 table.
9977**
9978**   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
9979**   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
9980**   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
9981**   returned.
9982**
9983** xColumnCount(pFts):
9984**   Return the number of columns in the table.
9985**
9986** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
9987**   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
9988**   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
9989**   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
9990**   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
9991**
9992**   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
9993**   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
9994**   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
9995**   returned.
9996**
9997**   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
9998**   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
9999**
10000** xColumnText:
10001**   This function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of the
10002**   current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
10003**   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
10004**   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
10005**   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
10006**   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
10007**
10008** xPhraseCount:
10009**   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
10010**
10011** xPhraseSize:
10012**   Returns the number of tokens in phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases
10013**   are numbered starting from zero.
10014**
10015** xInstCount:
10016**   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
10017**   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
10018**   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
10019**
10020**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10021**   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
10022**   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
10023**   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
10024**
10025** xInst:
10026**   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
10027**   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
10028**   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
10029**   output by xInstCount().
10030**
10031**   Usually, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
10032**   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
10033**   first token of the phrase. The exception is if the table was created
10034**   with the offsets=0 option specified. In this case *piOff is always
10035**   set to -1.
10036**
10037**   Returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM)
10038**   if an error occurs.
10039**
10040**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10041**   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
10042**
10043** xRowid:
10044**   Returns the rowid of the current row.
10045**
10046** xTokenize:
10047**   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
10048**
10049** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
10050**   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
10051**   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
10052**
10053**       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
10054**
10055**   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
10056**   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
10057**   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
10058**   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
10059**   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
10060**   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
10061**   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
10062**   the third argument to pUserData.
10063**
10064**   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
10065**   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
10066**   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
10067**   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
10068**
10069**   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10070**   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
10071**   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
10072**
10073**
10074** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
10075**
10076**   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension functions
10077**   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
10078**   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
10079**   of the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
10080**
10081**   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
10082**   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
10083**   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
10084**   single auxiliary data context.
10085**
10086**   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
10087**   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
10088**   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
10089**   point.
10090**
10091**   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
10092**   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
10093**
10094**   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function, an
10095**   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
10096**   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
10097**   pointer before returning.
10098**
10099**
10100** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
10101**
10102**   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
10103**   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
10104**
10105**   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
10106**   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
10107**   if any, is not invoked.
10108**
10109**
10110** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
10111**
10112**   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
10113**   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
10114**
10115**        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
10116**
10117** xPhraseFirst()
10118**   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
10119**   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
10120**   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
10121**   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
10122**   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
10123**   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
10124**
10125**       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
10126**       int iCol, iOff;
10127**       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
10128**           iCol>=0;
10129**           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
10130**       ){
10131**         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
10132**       }
10133**
10134**   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
10135**   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
10136**   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
10137**   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
10138**
10139**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10140**   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
10141**   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
10142**   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
10143**   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
10144**
10145** xPhraseNext()
10146**   See xPhraseFirst above.
10147**
10148** xPhraseFirstColumn()
10149**   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
10150**   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
10151**   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
10152**   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
10153**   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
10154**
10155**       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
10156**       int iCol;
10157**       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
10158**           iCol>=0;
10159**           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
10160**       ){
10161**         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
10162**       }
10163**
10164**   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
10165**   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
10166**   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
10167**   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
10168**   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
10169**
10170**   The information accessed using this API and its companion
10171**   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
10172**   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
10173**   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
10174**   "detail=column" tables.
10175**
10176** xPhraseNextColumn()
10177**   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
10178*/
10179struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
10180  int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
10181
10182  void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
10183
10184  int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
10185  int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
10186  int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
10187
10188  int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
10189    const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
10190    void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
10191    int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
10192  );
10193
10194  int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
10195  int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
10196
10197  int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
10198  int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
10199
10200  sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
10201  int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
10202  int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
10203
10204  int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
10205    int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
10206  );
10207  int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
10208  void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
10209
10210  int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
10211  void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
10212
10213  int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
10214  void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
10215};
10216
10217/*
10218** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
10219*************************************************************************/
10220
10221/*************************************************************************
10222** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
10223**
10224** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
10225** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
10226** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
10227** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
10228** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
10229**
10230** xCreate:
10231**   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
10232**   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
10233**
10234**   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
10235**   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer object
10236**   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
10237**   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
10238**   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
10239**   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
10240**   to create the FTS5 table.
10241**
10242**   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
10243**   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
10244**   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
10245**   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
10246**   is undefined.
10247**
10248** xDelete:
10249**   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
10250**   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
10251**   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
10252**
10253** xTokenize:
10254**   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
10255**   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
10256**   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
10257**   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
10258**
10259**   The second argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
10260**   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
10261**   four values:
10262**
10263**   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
10264**            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
10265**            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
10266**            FTS index.
10267**
10268**       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
10269**            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
10270**            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
10271**
10272**       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
10273**            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
10274**            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
10275**            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
10276**
10277**       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
10278**            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
10279**            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
10280**            on a columnsize=0 database.
10281**   </ul>
10282**
10283**   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
10284**   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
10285**   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
10286**   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
10287**   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
10288**   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
10289**   which the token is derived within the input.
10290**
10291**   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
10292**   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
10293**   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
10294**
10295**   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
10296**   order that they occur within the input text.
10297**
10298**   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
10299**   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
10300**   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
10301**   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
10302**   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
10303**   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
10304**   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
10305**
10306** SYNONYM SUPPORT
10307**
10308**   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
10309**   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
10310**   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
10311**   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
10312**   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
10313**   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
10314**   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
10315**
10316**   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
10317**
10318**   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, the
10319**            In the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
10320**            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
10321**            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
10322**            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
10323**            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
10324**            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
10325**            as expected.
10326**
10327**       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
10328**            In this case, when tokenizing query text, the tokenizer may
10329**            provide multiple synonyms for a single term within the document.
10330**            FTS5 then queries the index for each synonym individually. For
10331**            example, faced with the query:
10332**
10333**   <codeblock>
10334**     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
10335**
10336**            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
10337**            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
10338**            similar to:
10339**
10340**   <codeblock>
10341**     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
10342**
10343**            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
10344**            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
10345**            being treated as a single phrase.
10346**
10347**       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
10348**            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
10349**            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
10350**            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
10351**            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
10352**            "place".
10353**
10354**            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
10355**            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do would be
10356**            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
10357**            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entires in the
10358**            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
10359**   </ol>
10360**
10361**   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
10362**   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
10363**   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
10364**   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
10365**   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
10366**
10367**   <codeblock>
10368**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
10369**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
10370**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
10371**       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
10372**       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
10373**</codeblock>
10374**
10375**   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
10376**   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
10377**   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
10378**   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
10379**   single token.
10380**
10381**   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
10382**   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
10383**   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
10384**   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
10385**   token "first" is subsituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
10386**
10387**   <codeblock>
10388**     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
10389**
10390**   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
10391**   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
10392**
10393**   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
10394**   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
10395**   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
10396**   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
10397**   within the database.
10398**
10399**   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
10400**   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
10401**   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
10402**   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
10403**   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
10404**   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
10405**   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
10406**   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
10407**
10408**   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
10409**   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
10410**   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
10411**   inefficient.
10412*/
10413typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
10414typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
10415struct fts5_tokenizer {
10416  int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
10417  void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
10418  int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
10419      void *pCtx,
10420      int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
10421      const char *pText, int nText,
10422      int (*xToken)(
10423        void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
10424        int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
10425        const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
10426        int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
10427        int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
10428        int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
10429      )
10430  );
10431};
10432
10433/* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
10434#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
10435#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
10436#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
10437#define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
10438
10439/* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
10440** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
10441#define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
10442
10443/*
10444** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
10445*************************************************************************/
10446
10447/*************************************************************************
10448** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
10449*/
10450typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
10451struct fts5_api {
10452  int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
10453
10454  /* Create a new tokenizer */
10455  int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
10456    fts5_api *pApi,
10457    const char *zName,
10458    void *pContext,
10459    fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
10460    void (*xDestroy)(void*)
10461  );
10462
10463  /* Find an existing tokenizer */
10464  int (*xFindTokenizer)(
10465    fts5_api *pApi,
10466    const char *zName,
10467    void **ppContext,
10468    fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
10469  );
10470
10471  /* Create a new auxiliary function */
10472  int (*xCreateFunction)(
10473    fts5_api *pApi,
10474    const char *zName,
10475    void *pContext,
10476    fts5_extension_function xFunction,
10477    void (*xDestroy)(void*)
10478  );
10479};
10480
10481/*
10482** END OF REGISTRATION API
10483*************************************************************************/
10484
10485#ifdef __cplusplus
10486}  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
10487#endif
10488
10489#endif /* _FTS5_H */
10490
10491/******** End of fts5.h *********/
10492