1/* Capstone Disassembler Engine */ 2/* By Nguyen Anh Quynh <aquynh@gmail.com>, 2013> */ 3 4// This sample code demonstrates the APIs cs_malloc() & cs_disasm_iter(). 5#include <stdio.h> 6#include <stdlib.h> 7 8#include <platform.h> 9#include <capstone.h> 10 11struct platform { 12 cs_arch arch; 13 cs_mode mode; 14 unsigned char *code; 15 size_t size; 16 char *comment; 17 cs_opt_type opt_type; 18 cs_opt_value opt_value; 19}; 20 21static void print_string_hex(unsigned char *str, size_t len) 22{ 23 unsigned char *c; 24 25 printf("Code: "); 26 for (c = str; c < str + len; c++) { 27 printf("0x%02x ", *c & 0xff); 28 } 29 printf("\n"); 30} 31 32static void test() 33{ 34#define X86_CODE16 "\x8d\x4c\x32\x08\x01\xd8\x81\xc6\x34\x12\x00\x00" 35#define X86_CODE32 "\x8d\x4c\x32\x08\x01\xd8\x81\xc6\x34\x12\x00\x00" 36//#define X86_CODE32 "\x0f\xa7\xc0" // xstorerng 37#define X86_CODE64 "\x55\x48\x8b\x05\xb8\x13\x00\x00" 38//#define ARM_CODE "\x04\xe0\x2d\xe5" 39#define ARM_CODE "\xED\xFF\xFF\xEB\x04\xe0\x2d\xe5\x00\x00\x00\x00\xe0\x83\x22\xe5\xf1\x02\x03\x0e\x00\x00\xa0\xe3\x02\x30\xc1\xe7\x00\x00\x53\xe3" 40#define ARM_CODE2 "\x10\xf1\x10\xe7\x11\xf2\x31\xe7\xdc\xa1\x2e\xf3\xe8\x4e\x62\xf3" 41#define THUMB_CODE "\x70\x47\xeb\x46\x83\xb0\xc9\x68" 42#define THUMB_CODE2 "\x4f\xf0\x00\x01\xbd\xe8\x00\x88\xd1\xe8\x00\xf0" 43#define MIPS_CODE "\x0C\x10\x00\x97\x00\x00\x00\x00\x24\x02\x00\x0c\x8f\xa2\x00\x00\x34\x21\x34\x56\x00\x80\x04\x08" 44//#define MIPS_CODE "\x21\x38\x00\x01" 45//#define MIPS_CODE "\x21\x30\xe6\x70" 46//#define MIPS_CODE "\x1c\x00\x40\x14" 47#define MIPS_CODE2 "\x56\x34\x21\x34\xc2\x17\x01\x00" 48//#define ARM64_CODE "\xe1\x0b\x40\xb9" // ldr w1, [sp, #0x8] 49//#define ARM64_CODE "\x00\x40\x21\x4b" // sub w0, w0, w1, uxtw 50//#define ARM64_CODE "\x21\x7c\x02\x9b" // mul x1, x1, x2 51//#define ARM64_CODE "\x20\x74\x0b\xd5" // dc zva, x0 52//#define ARM64_CODE "\x20\xfc\x02\x9b" // mneg x0, x1, x2 53//#define ARM64_CODE "\x21\x7c\x02\x9b\x21\x7c\x00\x53\x00\x40\x21\x4b\xe1\x0b\x40\xb9\x10\x20\x21\x1e" 54//#define ARM64_CODE "\x21\x7c\x00\x53" 55#define ARM64_CODE "\x09\x00\x38\xd5\xbf\x40\x00\xd5\x0c\x05\x13\xd5\x20\x50\x02\x0e\x20\xe4\x3d\x0f\x00\x18\xa0\x5f\xa2\x00\xae\x9e\x9f\x37\x03\xd5\xbf\x33\x03\xd5\xdf\x3f\x03\xd5\x21\x7c\x02\x9b\x21\x7c\x00\x53\x00\x40\x21\x4b\xe1\x0b\x40\xb9\x20\x04\x81\xda\x20\x08\x02\x8b\x10\x5b\xe8\x3c" 56//#define THUMB_CODE "\x0a\xbf" // itet eq 57//#define X86_CODE32 "\x77\x04" // ja +6 58#define PPC_CODE "\x80\x20\x00\x00\x80\x3f\x00\x00\x10\x43\x23\x0e\xd0\x44\x00\x80\x4c\x43\x22\x02\x2d\x03\x00\x80\x7c\x43\x20\x14\x7c\x43\x20\x93\x4f\x20\x00\x21\x4c\xc8\x00\x21\x40\x82\x00\x14" 59#define SPARC_CODE "\x80\xa0\x40\x02\x85\xc2\x60\x08\x85\xe8\x20\x01\x81\xe8\x00\x00\x90\x10\x20\x01\xd5\xf6\x10\x16\x21\x00\x00\x0a\x86\x00\x40\x02\x01\x00\x00\x00\x12\xbf\xff\xff\x10\xbf\xff\xff\xa0\x02\x00\x09\x0d\xbf\xff\xff\xd4\x20\x60\x00\xd4\x4e\x00\x16\x2a\xc2\x80\x03" 60#define SPARCV9_CODE "\x81\xa8\x0a\x24\x89\xa0\x10\x20\x89\xa0\x1a\x60\x89\xa0\x00\xe0" 61#define SYSZ_CODE "\xed\x00\x00\x00\x00\x1a\x5a\x0f\x1f\xff\xc2\x09\x80\x00\x00\x00\x07\xf7\xeb\x2a\xff\xff\x7f\x57\xe3\x01\xff\xff\x7f\x57\xeb\x00\xf0\x00\x00\x24\xb2\x4f\x00\x78" 62#define XCORE_CODE "\xfe\x0f\xfe\x17\x13\x17\xc6\xfe\xec\x17\x97\xf8\xec\x4f\x1f\xfd\xec\x37\x07\xf2\x45\x5b\xf9\xfa\x02\x06\x1b\x10" 63 64 struct platform platforms[] = { 65 { 66 CS_ARCH_X86, 67 CS_MODE_16, 68 (unsigned char *)X86_CODE16, 69 sizeof(X86_CODE32) - 1, 70 "X86 16bit (Intel syntax)" 71 }, 72 { 73 CS_ARCH_X86, 74 CS_MODE_32, 75 (unsigned char *)X86_CODE32, 76 sizeof(X86_CODE32) - 1, 77 "X86 32bit (ATT syntax)", 78 CS_OPT_SYNTAX, 79 CS_OPT_SYNTAX_ATT, 80 }, 81 { 82 CS_ARCH_X86, 83 CS_MODE_32, 84 (unsigned char *)X86_CODE32, 85 sizeof(X86_CODE32) - 1, 86 "X86 32 (Intel syntax)" 87 }, 88 { 89 CS_ARCH_X86, 90 CS_MODE_64, 91 (unsigned char *)X86_CODE64, 92 sizeof(X86_CODE64) - 1, 93 "X86 64 (Intel syntax)" 94 }, 95 { 96 CS_ARCH_ARM, 97 CS_MODE_ARM, 98 (unsigned char *)ARM_CODE, 99 sizeof(ARM_CODE) - 1, 100 "ARM" 101 }, 102 { 103 CS_ARCH_ARM, 104 CS_MODE_THUMB, 105 (unsigned char *)THUMB_CODE2, 106 sizeof(THUMB_CODE2) - 1, 107 "THUMB-2" 108 }, 109 { 110 CS_ARCH_ARM, 111 CS_MODE_ARM, 112 (unsigned char *)ARM_CODE2, 113 sizeof(ARM_CODE2) - 1, 114 "ARM: Cortex-A15 + NEON" 115 }, 116 { 117 CS_ARCH_ARM, 118 CS_MODE_THUMB, 119 (unsigned char *)THUMB_CODE, 120 sizeof(THUMB_CODE) - 1, 121 "THUMB" 122 }, 123 { 124 CS_ARCH_MIPS, 125 (cs_mode)(CS_MODE_MIPS32 + CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN), 126 (unsigned char *)MIPS_CODE, 127 sizeof(MIPS_CODE) - 1, 128 "MIPS-32 (Big-endian)" 129 }, 130 { 131 CS_ARCH_MIPS, 132 (cs_mode)(CS_MODE_MIPS64 + CS_MODE_LITTLE_ENDIAN), 133 (unsigned char *)MIPS_CODE2, 134 sizeof(MIPS_CODE2) - 1, 135 "MIPS-64-EL (Little-endian)" 136 }, 137 { 138 CS_ARCH_ARM64, 139 CS_MODE_ARM, 140 (unsigned char *)ARM64_CODE, 141 sizeof(ARM64_CODE) - 1, 142 "ARM-64" 143 }, 144 { 145 CS_ARCH_PPC, 146 CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN, 147 (unsigned char*)PPC_CODE, 148 sizeof(PPC_CODE) - 1, 149 "PPC-64" 150 }, 151 { 152 CS_ARCH_SPARC, 153 CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN, 154 (unsigned char*)SPARC_CODE, 155 sizeof(SPARC_CODE) - 1, 156 "Sparc" 157 }, 158 { 159 CS_ARCH_SPARC, 160 (cs_mode)(CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN + CS_MODE_V9), 161 (unsigned char*)SPARCV9_CODE, 162 sizeof(SPARCV9_CODE) - 1, 163 "SparcV9" 164 }, 165 { 166 CS_ARCH_SYSZ, 167 (cs_mode)0, 168 (unsigned char*)SYSZ_CODE, 169 sizeof(SYSZ_CODE) - 1, 170 "SystemZ" 171 }, 172 { 173 CS_ARCH_XCORE, 174 (cs_mode)0, 175 (unsigned char*)XCORE_CODE, 176 sizeof(XCORE_CODE) - 1, 177 "XCore" 178 }, 179 }; 180 181 csh handle; 182 uint64_t address; 183 cs_insn *insn; 184 cs_detail *detail; 185 int i; 186 cs_err err; 187 const uint8_t *code; 188 size_t size; 189 190 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(platforms)/sizeof(platforms[0]); i++) { 191 printf("****************\n"); 192 printf("Platform: %s\n", platforms[i].comment); 193 err = cs_open(platforms[i].arch, platforms[i].mode, &handle); 194 if (err) { 195 printf("Failed on cs_open() with error returned: %u\n", err); 196 continue; 197 } 198 199 if (platforms[i].opt_type) 200 cs_option(handle, platforms[i].opt_type, platforms[i].opt_value); 201 202 cs_option(handle, CS_OPT_DETAIL, CS_OPT_ON); 203 204 // allocate memory for the cache to be used by cs_disasm_iter() 205 insn = cs_malloc(handle); 206 207 print_string_hex(platforms[i].code, platforms[i].size); 208 printf("Disasm:\n"); 209 210 address = 0x1000; 211 code = platforms[i].code; 212 size = platforms[i].size; 213 while(cs_disasm_iter(handle, &code, &size, &address, insn)) { 214 int n; 215 216 printf("0x%" PRIx64 ":\t%s\t\t%s // insn-ID: %u, insn-mnem: %s\n", 217 insn->address, insn->mnemonic, insn->op_str, 218 insn->id, cs_insn_name(handle, insn->id)); 219 220 // print implicit registers used by this instruction 221 detail = insn->detail; 222 223 if (detail->regs_read_count > 0) { 224 printf("\tImplicit registers read: "); 225 for (n = 0; n < detail->regs_read_count; n++) { 226 printf("%s ", cs_reg_name(handle, detail->regs_read[n])); 227 } 228 printf("\n"); 229 } 230 231 // print implicit registers modified by this instruction 232 if (detail->regs_write_count > 0) { 233 printf("\tImplicit registers modified: "); 234 for (n = 0; n < detail->regs_write_count; n++) { 235 printf("%s ", cs_reg_name(handle, detail->regs_write[n])); 236 } 237 printf("\n"); 238 } 239 240 // print the groups this instruction belong to 241 if (detail->groups_count > 0) { 242 printf("\tThis instruction belongs to groups: "); 243 for (n = 0; n < detail->groups_count; n++) { 244 printf("%s ", cs_group_name(handle, detail->groups[n])); 245 } 246 printf("\n"); 247 } 248 } 249 250 printf("\n"); 251 252 // free memory allocated by cs_malloc() 253 cs_free(insn, 1); 254 255 cs_close(&handle); 256 } 257} 258 259int main() 260{ 261 test(); 262 263 return 0; 264} 265