AndroidRuntime.cpp revision 50546a98ed18eb74ba2a19a720fb9026cb0302af 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22#include <binder/IBinder.h>
23#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
24#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
25#include <utils/Log.h>
26#include <utils/misc.h>
27#include <utils/Trace.h>
28#include <binder/Parcel.h>
29#include <utils/threads.h>
30#include <cutils/properties.h>
31
32#include <SkGraphics.h>
33#include <SkImageDecoder.h>
34
35#include "jni.h"
36#include "JNIHelp.h"
37#include "JniInvocation.h"
38#include "android_util_Binder.h"
39
40#include <stdio.h>
41#include <signal.h>
42#include <sys/stat.h>
43#include <sys/types.h>
44#include <signal.h>
45#include <dirent.h>
46#include <assert.h>
47
48#include <string>
49#include <vector>
50
51
52using namespace android;
53
54extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
55extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
57extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
60extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
66extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
67extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
68extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
70
71extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
72extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
73extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
75extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
76extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
83extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32(JNIEnv* env);
84
85extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
86extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
87extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
88extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
89extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
90extern int register_android_hardware_Radio(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
97extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
98extern int register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService(JNIEnv* env);
99
100extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
101extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
103extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
104extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
105
106namespace android {
107
108/*
109 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
110 * namespace android.
111 */
112extern int register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog(JNIEnv* env);
113extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
114extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
115extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
116extern int register_android_util_MemoryIntArray(JNIEnv* env);
117extern int register_android_util_PathParser(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
122extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer(JNIEnv*);
126extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
127extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
131extern int register_android_graphics_PorterDuff(JNIEnv* env);
132extern int register_android_graphics_Rasterizer(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_graphics_Xfermode(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
137extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_view_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
147extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
150extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
153extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
155extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
157extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
158extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
159extern int register_android_os_HwBinder(JNIEnv *env);
160extern int register_android_os_HwBlob(JNIEnv *env);
161extern int register_android_os_HwParcel(JNIEnv *env);
162extern int register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder(JNIEnv *env);
163extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
164extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
165extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
166extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
167extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
168extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
169extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
170extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
171extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
172extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
173extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
174extern int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env);
175extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
176extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
177extern int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv *env);
178extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
179extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
180extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
181extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
182extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
183extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
184extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
185extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
186extern int register_android_app_Activity(JNIEnv *env);
187extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
188extern int register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders(JNIEnv *env);
189extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
190extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
191extern int register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile(JNIEnv* env);
192extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
193extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
194extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
195extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
196extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
197extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
198extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
199extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
200extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
201extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
202extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
203extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
204extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
205extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
206extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
207extern int register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory(JNIEnv* env);
208extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
209extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
210
211static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
212
213/*
214 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
215 */
216static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
217{
218    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
219}
220
221static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
222{
223    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
224}
225
226static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
227        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
228{
229    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
230}
231
232/*
233 * JNI registration.
234 */
235static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
236    { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
237        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
238    { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
239        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit },
240    { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
241        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
242};
243
244int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
245{
246    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
247        gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
248}
249
250// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
251
252/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
253
254AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
255        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
256        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
257        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
258{
259    SkGraphics::Init();
260    // There is also a global font cache, but its budget is specified by
261    // SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_COUNT_LIMIT and SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_LIMIT.
262
263    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
264    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
265
266    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
267    gCurRuntime = this;
268}
269
270AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
271{
272    SkGraphics::Term();
273}
274
275/*
276 * Register native methods using JNI.
277 */
278/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
279    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
280{
281    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
282}
283
284void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0, bool setProcName) {
285    if (setProcName) {
286        int len = strlen(argv0);
287        if (len < 15) {
288            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0);
289        } else {
290            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0 + len - 15);
291        }
292    }
293    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
294    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
295}
296
297status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
298    const Vector<String8>& args)
299{
300    JNIEnv* env;
301    jmethodID methodId;
302
303    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
304
305    env = getJNIEnv();
306    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
307        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
308    }
309
310    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
311    if (methodId == NULL) {
312        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
313        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
314    }
315
316    /*
317     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
318     * Create an array and populate it.
319     */
320    jclass stringClass;
321    jobjectArray strArray;
322
323    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
324    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
325    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
326
327    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
328        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
329        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
330    }
331
332    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
333    return NO_ERROR;
334}
335
336/*
337 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
338 */
339static void runtime_exit(int code)
340{
341    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
342}
343
344/*
345 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
346 *
347 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
348 */
349static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
350{
351    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
352}
353
354/**
355 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
356 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
357 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
358 *
359 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
360 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
361 * into us)
362 */
363static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
364    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
365    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
366}
367
368static int hasDir(const char* dir)
369{
370    struct stat s;
371    int res = stat(dir, &s);
372    if (res == 0) {
373        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
374    }
375    return 0;
376}
377
378static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
379    struct stat s;
380    int res = stat(file, &s);
381    if (res == 0) {
382        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
383    }
384    return false;
385}
386
387// Convenience wrapper over the property API that returns an
388// std::string.
389std::string getProperty(const char* key, const char* defaultValue) {
390    std::vector<char> temp(PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
391    const int len = property_get(key, &temp[0], defaultValue);
392    if (len < 0) {
393        return "";
394    }
395    return std::string(&temp[0], len);
396}
397
398/*
399 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
400 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
401 *
402 * (1) persist.sys.locale
403 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
404 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
405 * (3) ro.product.locale
406 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
407 *
408 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
409 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
410 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
411 */
412const std::string readLocale()
413{
414    const std::string locale = getProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
415    if (!locale.empty()) {
416        return locale;
417    }
418
419    const std::string language = getProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
420    if (!language.empty()) {
421        const std::string country = getProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
422        const std::string variant = getProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
423
424        std::string out = language;
425        if (!country.empty()) {
426            out = out + "-" + country;
427        }
428
429        if (!variant.empty()) {
430            out = out + "-" + variant;
431        }
432
433        return out;
434    }
435
436    const std::string productLocale = getProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
437    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
438        return productLocale;
439    }
440
441    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
442    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
443    const std::string productLanguage = getProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
444    const std::string productRegion = getProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
445
446    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
447}
448
449void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
450{
451    JavaVMOption opt;
452    opt.optionString = optionString;
453    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
454    mOptions.add(opt);
455}
456
457/*
458 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
459 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
460 *
461 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
462 *
463 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
464 *
465 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
466 */
467void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
468{
469    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
470    char* end = NULL;
471    while (*start != '\0') {
472        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
473            start++;
474        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
475            break;
476
477        end = start+1;
478        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
479            end++;
480        if (*end == ' ')
481            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
482
483        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
484            addOption(quotingArg);
485        }
486        addOption(start);
487        start = end;
488    }
489}
490
491/*
492 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
493 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
494 * as "-Xmx32m".
495 *
496 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
497 *
498 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
499 *
500 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
501 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
502 */
503bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
504                                        char* buffer,
505                                        const char* runtimeArg,
506                                        const char* defaultArg)
507{
508    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
509    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
510    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
511    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
512        return false;
513    }
514    addOption(buffer);
515    return true;
516}
517
518/*
519 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
520 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
521 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=verify-none".
522 *
523 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
524 *
525 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
526 *
527 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
528 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
529 */
530bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
531                                         char* buffer,
532                                         const char* compilerArg,
533                                         const char* quotingArg)
534{
535    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
536    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
537    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
538    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
539        return false;
540    }
541    addOption(quotingArg);
542    addOption(buffer);
543    return true;
544}
545
546/*
547 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
548 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
549 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
550 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
551 *
552 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
553 *
554 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
555 *
556 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
557 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
558 */
559bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
560                                                char* buffer,
561                                                const char* runtimeArg,
562                                                const char* quotingArg)
563{
564    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
565    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
566    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
567    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
568        return false;
569    }
570    addOption(quotingArg);
571    addOption("--runtime-arg");
572    addOption(quotingArg);
573    addOption(buffer);
574    return true;
575}
576
577/*
578 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
579 *
580 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
581 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
582 *
583 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
584 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
585 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
586 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
587 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
588 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
589 * and thus introduce a bug.
590 *
591 * Returns 0 on success.
592 */
593int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
594{
595    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
596    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
597    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
598    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
599    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
600    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
601    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
602    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
603    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
604    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
605    char jitmaxsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitmaxsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
606    char jitinitialsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitinitialsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
607    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
608    char useJitProfilesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
609    char jitprithreadweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjitprithreadweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
610    char jittransitionweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjittransitionweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
611    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
617    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
619    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
624    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
625    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
626    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
627    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
628    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
629    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
630    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
631    enum {
632      kEMDefault,
633      kEMIntPortable,
634      kEMIntFast,
635      kEMJitCompiler,
636    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
637    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
638    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
639    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
640    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
641    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
642    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
643    char fingerprintBuf[sizeof("-Xfingerprint:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
644
645    bool checkJni = false;
646    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
647    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
648        checkJni = true;
649    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
650        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
651        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
652        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
653            checkJni = true;
654        }
655    }
656    ALOGD("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
657    if (checkJni) {
658        /* extended JNI checking */
659        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
660
661        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
662        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
663    }
664
665    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
666    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
667        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
668    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
669        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
670    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
671        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
672    }
673
674    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
675
676    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
677    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
678        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
679    }
680
681    /* route exit() to our handler */
682    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
683
684    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
685    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
686
687    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
688    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
689
690    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
691    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
692    addOption("-verbose:gc");
693    //addOption("-verbose:class");
694
695    /*
696     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
697     * values should be specified in a product property override.
698     */
699    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
700    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
701
702    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
703    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
704    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
705    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
706                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
707                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
708
709    /*
710     * JIT related options.
711     */
712    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
713    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitmaxsize", jitmaxsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitmaxsize:");
714    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitinitialsize", jitinitialsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitinitialsize:");
715    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
716    property_get("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "");
717    if (strcmp(useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "true") == 0) {
718        addOption("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo");
719    }
720
721    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitprithreadweight",
722                       jitprithreadweightOptBuf,
723                       "-Xjitprithreadweight:");
724
725    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jittransitionweight",
726                       jittransitionweightOptBuf,
727                       "-Xjittransitionweight:");
728
729    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
730    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
731      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
732    }
733
734    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
735    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
736
737    /*
738     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
739     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
740     */
741    if (zygote) {
742      addOption("-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_android_adb,suspend=n,server=y");
743    }
744
745    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
746                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
747                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
748
749    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
750        addOption("-Xint:portable");
751    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
752        addOption("-Xint:fast");
753    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
754        addOption("-Xint:jit");
755    }
756
757    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
758    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
759    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
760                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
761
762    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
763    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
764                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
765    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
766                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
767    if (skip_compilation) {
768        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
769        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
770    } else {
771        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
772                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
773    }
774
775    // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
776    if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
777        ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
778              strerror(errno));
779        return -1;
780    }
781    addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
782    addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
783
784    // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
785    if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
786        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
787        addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
788    }
789
790    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
791    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
792
793    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
794    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
795                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
796    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
797                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
798    if (skip_compilation) {
799        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
800        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
801
802        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
803        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
804        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
805        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
806        // directly instead.
807        addOption("--runtime-arg");
808        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
809    } else {
810        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
811                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
812    }
813    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
814    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
815                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
816
817    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
818    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
819    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
820#if defined(__arm__)
821    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
822#elif defined(__aarch64__)
823    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
824#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
825    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
826#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
827    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
828#elif defined(__i386__)
829    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
830#elif defined(__x86_64__)
831    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
832#else
833    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
834#endif
835    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
836    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
837    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
838
839    // Copy the variant.
840    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
841    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
842                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
843    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
844                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
845    // Copy the features.
846    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
847    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
848                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
849    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
850                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
851
852
853    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
854    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
855
856    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
857    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
858    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
859
860    /* Set the properties for locale */
861    {
862        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
863        const std::string locale = readLocale();
864        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
865        addOption(localeOption);
866    }
867
868    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
869    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
870    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
871        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
872        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
873            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
874            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
875                               methodTraceFileBuf,
876                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
877            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
878                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
879                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
880            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
881            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
882                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
883            }
884        }
885    }
886
887    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
888    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
889    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
890        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
891    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
892        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
893                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
894        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
895    }
896
897#if defined(__LP64__)
898    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
899#else
900    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
901#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
902    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
903    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
904        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
905        return -1;
906    }
907    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
908    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
909
910    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
911    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
912                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
913
914    /*
915     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
916     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
917     * will include native debugging information.
918     */
919    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
920    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
921        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
922        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
923        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
924        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
925    }
926
927    /*
928     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
929     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
930     */
931    parseRuntimeOption("ro.build.fingerprint", fingerprintBuf, "-Xfingerprint:");
932
933    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
934    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
935    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
936    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
937
938    /*
939     * Initialize the VM.
940     *
941     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
942     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
943     * JNI calls.
944     */
945    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
946        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
947        return -1;
948    }
949
950    return 0;
951}
952
953char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
954{
955    char* result = strdup(className);
956    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
957        if (*cp == '.') {
958            *cp = '/';
959        }
960    }
961    return result;
962}
963
964/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
965jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
966    if (!bytes) return NULL;
967    int length = strlen(bytes);
968    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
969    if (!buffer) return NULL;
970    jchar* chp = buffer;
971    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
972        *chp++ = *bytes++;
973    }
974    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
975}
976
977
978/*
979 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
980 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
981 * named by "className".
982 *
983 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
984 * options string.
985 */
986void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
987{
988    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
989            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
990
991    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
992
993    /*
994     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
995     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
996     */
997    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
998        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
999           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1000           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1001           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1002        }
1003    }
1004
1005    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1006    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1007        rootDir = "/system";
1008        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1009            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1010            return;
1011        }
1012        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1013    }
1014
1015    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1016    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1017
1018    /* start the virtual machine */
1019    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1020    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1021    JNIEnv* env;
1022    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1023        return;
1024    }
1025    onVmCreated(env);
1026
1027    /*
1028     * Register android functions.
1029     */
1030    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1031        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1032        return;
1033    }
1034
1035    /*
1036     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1037     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1038     * Create an array to hold them.
1039     */
1040    jclass stringClass;
1041    jobjectArray strArray;
1042    jstring classNameStr;
1043
1044    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1045    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1046    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1047    assert(strArray != NULL);
1048    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1049    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1050    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1051
1052    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1053        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1054        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1055        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1056    }
1057
1058    /*
1059     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1060     * not return until the VM exits.
1061     */
1062    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className);
1063    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1064    if (startClass == NULL) {
1065        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1066        /* keep going */
1067    } else {
1068        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1069            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1070        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1071            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1072            /* keep going */
1073        } else {
1074            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1075
1076#if 0
1077            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1078                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1079#endif
1080        }
1081    }
1082    free(slashClassName);
1083
1084    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1085    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1086        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1087    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1088        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1089}
1090
1091void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1092{
1093    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1094        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1095        ::_exit(code);
1096    } else {
1097        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1098        onExit(code);
1099        ::exit(code);
1100    }
1101}
1102
1103void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1104{
1105    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1106}
1107
1108/*
1109 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1110 *
1111 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1112 */
1113/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1114{
1115    JNIEnv* env;
1116    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1117    assert(vm != NULL);
1118
1119    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1120        return NULL;
1121    return env;
1122}
1123
1124/*
1125 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1126 *
1127 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1128 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1129 */
1130static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1131{
1132    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1133    JavaVM* vm;
1134    jint result;
1135
1136    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1137    assert(vm != NULL);
1138
1139    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1140    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1141    args.group = NULL;
1142
1143    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1144    if (result != JNI_OK)
1145        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1146
1147    return result;
1148}
1149
1150/*
1151 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1152 */
1153static int javaDetachThread(void)
1154{
1155    JavaVM* vm;
1156    jint result;
1157
1158    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1159    assert(vm != NULL);
1160
1161    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1162    if (result != JNI_OK)
1163        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1164    return result;
1165}
1166
1167/*
1168 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1169 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1170 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1171 */
1172/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1173    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1174    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1175    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1176    free(args);
1177    JNIEnv* env;
1178    int result;
1179
1180    /* hook us into the VM */
1181    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1182        return -1;
1183
1184    /* start the thread running */
1185    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1186
1187    /* unhook us */
1188    javaDetachThread();
1189    free(name);
1190
1191    return result;
1192}
1193
1194/*
1195 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1196 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1197 *
1198 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1199 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1200 */
1201/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1202                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1203                                void* userData,
1204                                const char* threadName,
1205                                int32_t threadPriority,
1206                                size_t threadStackSize,
1207                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1208{
1209    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1210    int result;
1211
1212    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadName == nullptr, "threadName not provided to javaCreateThreadEtc");
1213
1214    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1215    args[1] = userData;
1216    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1217
1218    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1219        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1220    return result;
1221}
1222
1223/*
1224 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1225 *
1226 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1227 */
1228/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1229    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1230{
1231    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1232    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1233        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1234    return threadId;
1235}
1236
1237#if 0
1238static void quickTest(void* arg)
1239{
1240    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1241
1242    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1243}
1244#endif
1245
1246#ifdef NDEBUG
1247    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1248    struct RegJNIRec {
1249        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1250    };
1251#else
1252    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1253    struct RegJNIRec {
1254        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1255        const char* mName;
1256    };
1257#endif
1258
1259typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1260
1261static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1262{
1263    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1264        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1265#ifndef NDEBUG
1266            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1267#endif
1268            return -1;
1269        }
1270    }
1271    return 0;
1272}
1273
1274static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1275    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1276    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1277    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1278    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1279    REG_JNI(register_android_util_MemoryIntArray),
1280    REG_JNI(register_android_util_PathParser),
1281    REG_JNI(register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog),
1282    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1283    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1284    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1285    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1286    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1287    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidBidi),
1288    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1289    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1290    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1291    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1292    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1293    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1294    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBinder),
1295    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBlob),
1296    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwParcel),
1297    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder),
1298    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1299    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1300    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1301    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1302    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1303    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1304    REG_JNI(register_android_view_GraphicBuffer),
1305    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1306    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1307    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1308    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1309    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1310    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1311    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1312    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1313    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1314    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1315    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1316    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1317    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1318    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1319    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1320    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1321    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1322    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1323    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1324    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1325    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32),
1326
1327    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1328    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1329    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1330    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1331    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1332    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1333    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1334    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1342    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1343    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1344    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PorterDuff),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Rasterizer),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1351    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1352    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1353    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Xfermode),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable),
1356    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable),
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1360
1361    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1362    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1365    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_net_TrafficStats),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1375    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory),
1376    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1377    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1378    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1379    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1380    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1381    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Radio),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1390    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1391    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService),
1392    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1396    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1398
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1400    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1402    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1407    REG_JNI(register_android_app_Activity),
1408    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1409    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile),
1412    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1414    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1415    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1416    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1417    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1420
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1422    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1423
1424    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1425    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1426    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1427
1428};
1429
1430/*
1431 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1432 */
1433/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1434{
1435    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1436    /*
1437     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1438     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1439     * Attach calls.)
1440     */
1441    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1442
1443    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1444
1445    /*
1446     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1447     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1448     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1449     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1450     */
1451    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1452
1453    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1454        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1455        return -1;
1456    }
1457    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1458
1459    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1460
1461    return 0;
1462}
1463
1464AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1465{
1466    return gCurRuntime;
1467}
1468
1469/**
1470 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1471 * the framework.
1472 */
1473extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1474    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1475}
1476}   // namespace android
1477