AndroidRuntime.cpp revision fde0a41065ebd5ed0adbe20f4135ca657c6cf271 
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3 *
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7 *
8 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9 *
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
15 */
16
17#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_DALVIK
18#define LOG_TAG "AndroidRuntime"
19//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
20
21#include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
22#include <binder/IBinder.h>
23#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
24#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
25#include <utils/Log.h>
26#include <utils/misc.h>
27#include <utils/Trace.h>
28#include <binder/Parcel.h>
29#include <utils/threads.h>
30#include <cutils/properties.h>
31
32#include <SkGraphics.h>
33#include <SkImageDecoder.h>
34
35#include "jni.h"
36#include "JNIHelp.h"
37#include "JniInvocation.h"
38#include "android_util_Binder.h"
39
40#include <stdio.h>
41#include <signal.h>
42#include <sys/stat.h>
43#include <sys/types.h>
44#include <signal.h>
45#include <dirent.h>
46#include <assert.h>
47
48#include <string>
49#include <vector>
50
51
52using namespace android;
53
54extern int register_android_os_Binder(JNIEnv* env);
55extern int register_android_os_Process(JNIEnv* env);
56extern int register_android_graphics_Bitmap(JNIEnv*);
57extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory(JNIEnv*);
58extern int register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder(JNIEnv*);
59extern int register_android_graphics_Camera(JNIEnv* env);
60extern int register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor(JNIEnv* env);
61extern int register_android_graphics_Graphics(JNIEnv* env);
62extern int register_android_graphics_Interpolator(JNIEnv* env);
63extern int register_android_graphics_MaskFilter(JNIEnv* env);
64extern int register_android_graphics_Movie(JNIEnv* env);
65extern int register_android_graphics_NinePatch(JNIEnv*);
66extern int register_android_graphics_PathEffect(JNIEnv* env);
67extern int register_android_graphics_Shader(JNIEnv* env);
68extern int register_android_graphics_Typeface(JNIEnv* env);
69extern int register_android_graphics_YuvImage(JNIEnv* env);
70
71extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
72extern int register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl(JNIEnv* env);
73extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14(JNIEnv* env);
74extern int register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt(JNIEnv* env);
75extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10(JNIEnv* env);
76extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext(JNIEnv* env);
77extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11(JNIEnv* env);
78extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext(JNIEnv* env);
79extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20(JNIEnv* env);
80extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30(JNIEnv* env);
81extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31(JNIEnv* env);
82extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext(JNIEnv* env);
83extern int register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32(JNIEnv* env);
84
85extern int register_android_hardware_Camera(JNIEnv *env);
86extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata(JNIEnv *env);
87extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice(JNIEnv *env);
88extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement(JNIEnv *env);
89extern int register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator(JNIEnv *env);
90extern int register_android_hardware_Radio(JNIEnv *env);
91extern int register_android_hardware_SensorManager(JNIEnv *env);
92extern int register_android_hardware_SerialPort(JNIEnv *env);
93extern int register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger(JNIEnv *env);
94extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDevice(JNIEnv *env);
95extern int register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection(JNIEnv *env);
96extern int register_android_hardware_UsbRequest(JNIEnv *env);
97extern int register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware(JNIEnv* env);
98extern int register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService(JNIEnv* env);
99
100extern int register_android_media_AudioRecord(JNIEnv *env);
101extern int register_android_media_AudioSystem(JNIEnv *env);
102extern int register_android_media_AudioTrack(JNIEnv *env);
103extern int register_android_media_JetPlayer(JNIEnv *env);
104extern int register_android_media_ToneGenerator(JNIEnv *env);
105
106namespace android {
107
108/*
109 * JNI-based registration functions.  Note these are properly contained in
110 * namespace android.
111 */
112extern int register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog(JNIEnv* env);
113extern int register_android_content_AssetManager(JNIEnv* env);
114extern int register_android_util_EventLog(JNIEnv* env);
115extern int register_android_util_Log(JNIEnv* env);
116extern int register_android_util_MemoryIntArray(JNIEnv* env);
117extern int register_android_util_PathParser(JNIEnv* env);
118extern int register_android_content_StringBlock(JNIEnv* env);
119extern int register_android_content_XmlBlock(JNIEnv* env);
120extern int register_android_graphics_Canvas(JNIEnv* env);
121extern int register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty(JNIEnv* env);
122extern int register_android_graphics_ColorFilter(JNIEnv* env);
123extern int register_android_graphics_DrawFilter(JNIEnv* env);
124extern int register_android_graphics_FontFamily(JNIEnv* env);
125extern int register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer(JNIEnv*);
126extern int register_android_graphics_Matrix(JNIEnv* env);
127extern int register_android_graphics_Paint(JNIEnv* env);
128extern int register_android_graphics_Path(JNIEnv* env);
129extern int register_android_graphics_PathMeasure(JNIEnv* env);
130extern int register_android_graphics_Picture(JNIEnv*);
131extern int register_android_graphics_PorterDuff(JNIEnv* env);
132extern int register_android_graphics_Rasterizer(JNIEnv* env);
133extern int register_android_graphics_Region(JNIEnv* env);
134extern int register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture(JNIEnv* env);
135extern int register_android_graphics_Xfermode(JNIEnv* env);
136extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
137extern int register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable(JNIEnv* env);
138extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument(JNIEnv* env);
139extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor(JNIEnv* env);
140extern int register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
141extern int register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
142extern int register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas(JNIEnv* env);
143extern int register_android_view_GraphicBuffer(JNIEnv* env);
144extern int register_android_view_HardwareLayer(JNIEnv* env);
145extern int register_android_view_RenderNode(JNIEnv* env);
146extern int register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator(JNIEnv* env);
147extern int register_android_view_Surface(JNIEnv* env);
148extern int register_android_view_SurfaceControl(JNIEnv* env);
149extern int register_android_view_SurfaceSession(JNIEnv* env);
150extern int register_android_view_TextureView(JNIEnv* env);
151extern int register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer(JNIEnv* env);
152extern int register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
153extern int register_android_database_CursorWindow(JNIEnv* env);
154extern int register_android_database_SQLiteConnection(JNIEnv* env);
155extern int register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal(JNIEnv* env);
156extern int register_android_database_SQLiteDebug(JNIEnv* env);
157extern int register_android_nio_utils(JNIEnv* env);
158extern int register_android_os_Debug(JNIEnv* env);
159extern int register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment(JNIEnv* env);
160extern int register_android_os_HwBinder(JNIEnv *env);
161extern int register_android_os_HwBlob(JNIEnv *env);
162extern int register_android_os_HwParcel(JNIEnv *env);
163extern int register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder(JNIEnv *env);
164extern int register_android_os_MessageQueue(JNIEnv* env);
165extern int register_android_os_Parcel(JNIEnv* env);
166extern int register_android_os_SELinux(JNIEnv* env);
167extern int register_android_os_seccomp(JNIEnv* env);
168extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
169extern int register_android_os_SystemClock(JNIEnv* env);
170extern int register_android_os_Trace(JNIEnv* env);
171extern int register_android_os_FileObserver(JNIEnv *env);
172extern int register_android_os_UEventObserver(JNIEnv* env);
173extern int register_android_os_MemoryFile(JNIEnv* env);
174extern int register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl(JNIEnv* env);
175extern int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env);
176extern int register_android_net_TrafficStats(JNIEnv* env);
177extern int register_android_text_AndroidCharacter(JNIEnv *env);
178extern int register_android_text_StaticLayout(JNIEnv *env);
179extern int register_android_text_AndroidBidi(JNIEnv *env);
180extern int register_android_opengl_classes(JNIEnv *env);
181extern int register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap(JNIEnv *env);
182extern int register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger(JNIEnv* env);
183extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataInput(JNIEnv *env);
184extern int register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput(JNIEnv *env);
185extern int register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase(JNIEnv *env);
186extern int register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher(JNIEnv *env);
187extern int register_android_app_backup_FullBackup(JNIEnv *env);
188extern int register_android_app_Activity(JNIEnv *env);
189extern int register_android_app_ActivityThread(JNIEnv *env);
190extern int register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders(JNIEnv *env);
191extern int register_android_app_NativeActivity(JNIEnv *env);
192extern int register_android_media_RemoteDisplay(JNIEnv *env);
193extern int register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile(JNIEnv* env);
194extern int register_android_view_InputChannel(JNIEnv* env);
195extern int register_android_view_InputDevice(JNIEnv* env);
196extern int register_android_view_InputEventReceiver(JNIEnv* env);
197extern int register_android_view_InputEventSender(JNIEnv* env);
198extern int register_android_view_InputQueue(JNIEnv* env);
199extern int register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap(JNIEnv *env);
200extern int register_android_view_KeyEvent(JNIEnv* env);
201extern int register_android_view_MotionEvent(JNIEnv* env);
202extern int register_android_view_PointerIcon(JNIEnv* env);
203extern int register_android_view_VelocityTracker(JNIEnv* env);
204extern int register_android_content_res_ObbScanner(JNIEnv* env);
205extern int register_android_content_res_Configuration(JNIEnv* env);
206extern int register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder(JNIEnv *env);
207extern int register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper(JNIEnv *env);
208extern int register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory(JNIEnv *env);
209extern int register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory(JNIEnv* env);
210extern int register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote(JNIEnv *env);
211extern int register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr(JNIEnv *env);
212
213static AndroidRuntime* gCurRuntime = NULL;
214
215/*
216 * Code written in the Java Programming Language calls here from main().
217 */
218static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
219{
220    gCurRuntime->onStarted();
221}
222
223static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz)
224{
225    gCurRuntime->onZygoteInit();
226}
227
228static void com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup(JNIEnv* env,
229        jobject clazz, jboolean exitWithoutCleanup)
230{
231    gCurRuntime->setExitWithoutCleanup(exitWithoutCleanup);
232}
233
234/*
235 * JNI registration.
236 */
237static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
238    { "nativeFinishInit", "()V",
239        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeFinishInit },
240    { "nativeZygoteInit", "()V",
241        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeZygoteInit },
242    { "nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup", "(Z)V",
243        (void*) com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit_nativeSetExitWithoutCleanup },
244};
245
246int register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit(JNIEnv* env)
247{
248    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit",
249        gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
250}
251
252// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
253
254/*static*/ JavaVM* AndroidRuntime::mJavaVM = NULL;
255
256AndroidRuntime::AndroidRuntime(char* argBlockStart, const size_t argBlockLength) :
257        mExitWithoutCleanup(false),
258        mArgBlockStart(argBlockStart),
259        mArgBlockLength(argBlockLength)
260{
261    SkGraphics::Init();
262    // There is also a global font cache, but its budget is specified by
263    // SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_COUNT_LIMIT and SK_DEFAULT_FONT_CACHE_LIMIT.
264
265    // Pre-allocate enough space to hold a fair number of options.
266    mOptions.setCapacity(20);
267
268    assert(gCurRuntime == NULL);        // one per process
269    gCurRuntime = this;
270}
271
272AndroidRuntime::~AndroidRuntime()
273{
274    SkGraphics::Term();
275}
276
277/*
278 * Register native methods using JNI.
279 */
280/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env,
281    const char* className, const JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
282{
283    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, className, gMethods, numMethods);
284}
285
286void AndroidRuntime::setArgv0(const char* argv0, bool setProcName) {
287    if (setProcName) {
288        int len = strlen(argv0);
289        if (len < 15) {
290            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0);
291        } else {
292            pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), argv0 + len - 15);
293        }
294    }
295    memset(mArgBlockStart, 0, mArgBlockLength);
296    strlcpy(mArgBlockStart, argv0, mArgBlockLength);
297}
298
299status_t AndroidRuntime::callMain(const String8& className, jclass clazz,
300    const Vector<String8>& args)
301{
302    JNIEnv* env;
303    jmethodID methodId;
304
305    ALOGD("Calling main entry %s", className.string());
306
307    env = getJNIEnv();
308    if (clazz == NULL || env == NULL) {
309        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
310    }
311
312    methodId = env->GetStaticMethodID(clazz, "main", "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
313    if (methodId == NULL) {
314        ALOGE("ERROR: could not find method %s.main(String[])\n", className.string());
315        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
316    }
317
318    /*
319     * We want to call main() with a String array with our arguments in it.
320     * Create an array and populate it.
321     */
322    jclass stringClass;
323    jobjectArray strArray;
324
325    const size_t numArgs = args.size();
326    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
327    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(numArgs, stringClass, NULL);
328
329    for (size_t i = 0; i < numArgs; i++) {
330        jstring argStr = env->NewStringUTF(args[i].string());
331        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i, argStr);
332    }
333
334    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(clazz, methodId, strArray);
335    return NO_ERROR;
336}
337
338/*
339 * The VM calls this through the "exit" hook.
340 */
341static void runtime_exit(int code)
342{
343    gCurRuntime->exit(code);
344}
345
346/*
347 * The VM calls this through the "vfprintf" hook.
348 *
349 * We ignore "fp" and just write the results to the log file.
350 */
351static void runtime_vfprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, va_list ap)
352{
353    LOG_PRI_VA(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "vm-printf", format, ap);
354}
355
356/**
357 * The VM calls this when mutex contention debugging is enabled to
358 * determine whether or not the blocked thread was a "sensitive thread"
359 * for user responsiveness/smoothess.
360 *
361 * Our policy for this is whether or not we're tracing any StrictMode
362 * events on this thread (which we might've inherited via Binder calls
363 * into us)
364 */
365static bool runtime_isSensitiveThread() {
366    IPCThreadState* state = IPCThreadState::selfOrNull();
367    return state && state->getStrictModePolicy() != 0;
368}
369
370static int hasDir(const char* dir)
371{
372    struct stat s;
373    int res = stat(dir, &s);
374    if (res == 0) {
375        return S_ISDIR(s.st_mode);
376    }
377    return 0;
378}
379
380static bool hasFile(const char* file) {
381    struct stat s;
382    int res = stat(file, &s);
383    if (res == 0) {
384        return S_ISREG(s.st_mode);
385    }
386    return false;
387}
388
389// Convenience wrapper over the property API that returns an
390// std::string.
391std::string getProperty(const char* key, const char* defaultValue) {
392    std::vector<char> temp(PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
393    const int len = property_get(key, &temp[0], defaultValue);
394    if (len < 0) {
395        return "";
396    }
397    return std::string(&temp[0], len);
398}
399
400/*
401 * Read the persistent locale. Inspects the following system properties
402 * (in order) and returns the first non-empty property in the list :
403 *
404 * (1) persist.sys.locale
405 * (2) persist.sys.language/country/localevar (country and localevar are
406 * inspected iff. language is non-empty.
407 * (3) ro.product.locale
408 * (4) ro.product.locale.language/region
409 *
410 * Note that we need to inspect persist.sys.language/country/localevar to
411 * preserve language settings for devices that are upgrading from Lollipop
412 * to M. The same goes for ro.product.locale.language/region as well.
413 */
414const std::string readLocale()
415{
416    const std::string locale = getProperty("persist.sys.locale", "");
417    if (!locale.empty()) {
418        return locale;
419    }
420
421    const std::string language = getProperty("persist.sys.language", "");
422    if (!language.empty()) {
423        const std::string country = getProperty("persist.sys.country", "");
424        const std::string variant = getProperty("persist.sys.localevar", "");
425
426        std::string out = language;
427        if (!country.empty()) {
428            out = out + "-" + country;
429        }
430
431        if (!variant.empty()) {
432            out = out + "-" + variant;
433        }
434
435        return out;
436    }
437
438    const std::string productLocale = getProperty("ro.product.locale", "");
439    if (!productLocale.empty()) {
440        return productLocale;
441    }
442
443    // If persist.sys.locale and ro.product.locale are missing,
444    // construct a locale value from the individual locale components.
445    const std::string productLanguage = getProperty("ro.product.locale.language", "en");
446    const std::string productRegion = getProperty("ro.product.locale.region", "US");
447
448    return productLanguage + "-" + productRegion;
449}
450
451void AndroidRuntime::addOption(const char* optionString, void* extraInfo)
452{
453    JavaVMOption opt;
454    opt.optionString = optionString;
455    opt.extraInfo = extraInfo;
456    mOptions.add(opt);
457}
458
459/*
460 * Parse a property containing space-separated options that should be
461 * passed directly to the VM, e.g. "-Xmx32m -verbose:gc -Xregenmap".
462 *
463 * This will cut up "extraOptsBuf" as we chop it into individual options.
464 *
465 * If "quotingArg" is non-null, it is passed before each extra option in mOptions.
466 *
467 * Adds the strings, if any, to mOptions.
468 */
469void AndroidRuntime::parseExtraOpts(char* extraOptsBuf, const char* quotingArg)
470{
471    char* start = extraOptsBuf;
472    char* end = NULL;
473    while (*start != '\0') {
474        while (*start == ' ')                   /* skip leading whitespace */
475            start++;
476        if (*start == '\0')                     /* was trailing ws, bail */
477            break;
478
479        end = start+1;
480        while (*end != ' ' && *end != '\0')     /* find end of token */
481            end++;
482        if (*end == ' ')
483            *end++ = '\0';          /* mark end, advance to indicate more */
484
485        if (quotingArg != NULL) {
486            addOption(quotingArg);
487        }
488        addOption(start);
489        start = end;
490    }
491}
492
493/*
494 * Reads a "property" into "buffer" with a default of "defaultArg". If
495 * the property is non-empty, it is treated as a runtime option such
496 * as "-Xmx32m".
497 *
498 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
499 *
500 * If an argument is found, it is added to mOptions.
501 *
502 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
503 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
504 */
505bool AndroidRuntime::parseRuntimeOption(const char* property,
506                                        char* buffer,
507                                        const char* runtimeArg,
508                                        const char* defaultArg)
509{
510    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
511    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
512    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, defaultArg);
513    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
514        return false;
515    }
516    addOption(buffer);
517    return true;
518}
519
520/*
521 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
522 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler option that should be
523 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option --compiler-filter=verify-none".
524 *
525 * The "compilerArg" is a prefix for the option such as "--compiler-filter=".
526 *
527 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
528 *
529 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
530 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
531 */
532bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerOption(const char* property,
533                                         char* buffer,
534                                         const char* compilerArg,
535                                         const char* quotingArg)
536{
537    strcpy(buffer, compilerArg);
538    size_t compilerArgLen = strlen(compilerArg);
539    property_get(property, buffer+compilerArgLen, "");
540    if (buffer[compilerArgLen] == '\0') {
541        return false;
542    }
543    addOption(quotingArg);
544    addOption(buffer);
545    return true;
546}
547
548/*
549 * Reads a "property" into "buffer". If the property is non-empty, it
550 * is treated as a dex2oat compiler runtime option that should be
551 * passed as a quoted option, e.g. "-Ximage-compiler-option
552 * --runtime-arg -Ximage-compiler-option -Xmx32m".
553 *
554 * The "runtimeArg" is a prefix for the option such as "-Xms" or "-Xmx".
555 *
556 * The "quotingArg" should be "-Ximage-compiler-option" or "-Xcompiler-option".
557 *
558 * If an option is found, it is added to mOptions and true is
559 * returned. Otherwise false is returned.
560 */
561bool AndroidRuntime::parseCompilerRuntimeOption(const char* property,
562                                                char* buffer,
563                                                const char* runtimeArg,
564                                                const char* quotingArg)
565{
566    strcpy(buffer, runtimeArg);
567    size_t runtimeArgLen = strlen(runtimeArg);
568    property_get(property, buffer+runtimeArgLen, "");
569    if (buffer[runtimeArgLen] == '\0') {
570        return false;
571    }
572    addOption(quotingArg);
573    addOption("--runtime-arg");
574    addOption(quotingArg);
575    addOption(buffer);
576    return true;
577}
578
579/*
580 * Start the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
581 *
582 * Various arguments, most determined by system properties, are passed in.
583 * The "mOptions" vector is updated.
584 *
585 * CAUTION: when adding options in here, be careful not to put the
586 * char buffer inside a nested scope.  Adding the buffer to the
587 * options using mOptions.add() does not copy the buffer, so if the
588 * buffer goes out of scope the option may be overwritten.  It's best
589 * to put the buffer at the top of the function so that it is more
590 * unlikely that someone will surround it in a scope at a later time
591 * and thus introduce a bug.
592 *
593 * Returns 0 on success.
594 */
595int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote)
596{
597    JavaVMInitArgs initArgs;
598    char propBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
599    char stackTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xstacktracefile:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
600    char jniOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjniopts:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
601    char heapstartsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
602    char heapsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
603    char heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
604    char heapminfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMinFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
605    char heapmaxfreeOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapMaxFree=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
606    char usejitOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xusejit:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
607    char jitmaxsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitmaxsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
608    char jitinitialsizeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitinitialsize:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
609    char jitthresholdOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
610    char useJitProfilesOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
611    char jitprithreadweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjitprithreadweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
612    char jittransitionweightOptBuf[sizeof("-Xjittransitionweight:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
613    char gctypeOptsBuf[sizeof("-Xgc:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
614    char backgroundgcOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:BackgroundGC=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
615    char heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf[sizeof("-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
616    char cachePruneBuf[sizeof("-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
617    char dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
618    char dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
619    char dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xms")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
620    char dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf[sizeof("-Xmx")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
621    char dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
622    char dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf[sizeof("--compiler-filter=")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
623    char dex2oatThreadsBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
624    char dex2oatThreadsImageBuf[sizeof("-j")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
625    char dex2oat_isa_variant_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
626    char dex2oat_isa_variant[sizeof("--instruction-set-variant=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
627    char dex2oat_isa_features_key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
628    char dex2oat_isa_features[sizeof("--instruction-set-features=") -1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
629    char dex2oatFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
630    char dex2oatImageFlagsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
631    char extraOptsBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
632    char voldDecryptBuf[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
633    enum {
634      kEMDefault,
635      kEMIntPortable,
636      kEMIntFast,
637      kEMJitCompiler,
638    } executionMode = kEMDefault;
639    char localeOption[sizeof("-Duser.locale=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
640    char lockProfThresholdBuf[sizeof("-Xlockprofthreshold:")-1 + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
641    char nativeBridgeLibrary[sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
642    char cpuAbiListBuf[sizeof("--cpu-abilist=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
643    char methodTraceFileBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
644    char methodTraceFileSizeBuf[sizeof("-Xmethod-trace-file-size:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
645    char fingerprintBuf[sizeof("-Xfingerprint:") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
646
647    bool checkJni = false;
648    property_get("dalvik.vm.checkjni", propBuf, "");
649    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
650        checkJni = true;
651    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "false") != 0) {
652        /* property is neither true nor false; fall back on kernel parameter */
653        property_get("ro.kernel.android.checkjni", propBuf, "");
654        if (propBuf[0] == '1') {
655            checkJni = true;
656        }
657    }
658    ALOGD("CheckJNI is %s\n", checkJni ? "ON" : "OFF");
659    if (checkJni) {
660        /* extended JNI checking */
661        addOption("-Xcheck:jni");
662
663        /* with -Xcheck:jni, this provides a JNI function call trace */
664        //addOption("-verbose:jni");
665    }
666
667    property_get("dalvik.vm.execution-mode", propBuf, "");
668    if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:portable") == 0) {
669        executionMode = kEMIntPortable;
670    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:fast") == 0) {
671        executionMode = kEMIntFast;
672    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "int:jit") == 0) {
673        executionMode = kEMJitCompiler;
674    }
675
676    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file", stackTraceFileBuf, "-Xstacktracefile:");
677
678    strcpy(jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:");
679    if (parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jniopts", jniOptsBuf, "-Xjniopts:")) {
680        ALOGI("JNI options: '%s'\n", jniOptsBuf);
681    }
682
683    /* route exit() to our handler */
684    addOption("exit", (void*) runtime_exit);
685
686    /* route fprintf() to our handler */
687    addOption("vfprintf", (void*) runtime_vfprintf);
688
689    /* register the framework-specific "is sensitive thread" hook */
690    addOption("sensitiveThread", (void*) runtime_isSensitiveThread);
691
692    /* enable verbose; standard options are { jni, gc, class } */
693    //addOption("-verbose:jni");
694    addOption("-verbose:gc");
695    //addOption("-verbose:class");
696
697    /*
698     * The default starting and maximum size of the heap.  Larger
699     * values should be specified in a product property override.
700     */
701    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
702    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");
703
704    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
705    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
706    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=");
707    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heaptargetutilization",
708                       heaptargetutilizationOptsBuf,
709                       "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=");
710
711    /*
712     * JIT related options.
713     */
714    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.usejit", usejitOptsBuf, "-Xusejit:");
715    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitmaxsize", jitmaxsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitmaxsize:");
716    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitinitialsize", jitinitialsizeOptsBuf, "-Xjitinitialsize:");
717    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitthreshold", jitthresholdOptsBuf, "-Xjitthreshold:");
718    property_get("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "");
719    if (strcmp(useJitProfilesOptsBuf, "true") == 0) {
720        addOption("-Xjitsaveprofilinginfo");
721    }
722
723    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jitprithreadweight",
724                       jitprithreadweightOptBuf,
725                       "-Xjitprithreadweight:");
726
727    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.jittransitionweight",
728                       jittransitionweightOptBuf,
729                       "-Xjittransitionweight:");
730
731    property_get("ro.config.low_ram", propBuf, "");
732    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
733      addOption("-XX:LowMemoryMode");
734    }
735
736    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.gctype", gctypeOptsBuf, "-Xgc:");
737    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.backgroundgctype", backgroundgcOptsBuf, "-XX:BackgroundGC=");
738
739    /*
740     * Enable debugging only for apps forked from zygote.
741     * Set suspend=y to pause during VM init and use android ADB transport.
742     */
743    if (zygote) {
744      addOption("-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_android_adb,suspend=n,server=y");
745    }
746
747    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.lockprof.threshold",
748                       lockProfThresholdBuf,
749                       "-Xlockprofthreshold:");
750
751    if (executionMode == kEMIntPortable) {
752        addOption("-Xint:portable");
753    } else if (executionMode == kEMIntFast) {
754        addOption("-Xint:fast");
755    } else if (executionMode == kEMJitCompiler) {
756        addOption("-Xint:jit");
757    }
758
759    // If we are booting without the real /data, don't spend time compiling.
760    property_get("vold.decrypt", voldDecryptBuf, "");
761    bool skip_compilation = ((strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "trigger_restart_min_framework") == 0) ||
762                             (strcmp(voldDecryptBuf, "1") == 0));
763
764    // Extra options for boot.art/boot.oat image generation.
765    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsImageFlagsBuf,
766                               "-Xms", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
767    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxImageFlagsBuf,
768                               "-Xmx", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
769    if (skip_compilation) {
770        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
771        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
772    } else {
773        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-filter", dex2oatImageCompilerFilterBuf,
774                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
775    }
776
777    // Make sure there is a preloaded-classes file.
778    if (!hasFile("/system/etc/preloaded-classes")) {
779        ALOGE("Missing preloaded-classes file, /system/etc/preloaded-classes not found: %s\n",
780              strerror(errno));
781        return -1;
782    }
783    addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
784    addOption("--image-classes=/system/etc/preloaded-classes");
785
786    // If there is a compiled-classes file, push it.
787    if (hasFile("/system/etc/compiled-classes")) {
788        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
789        addOption("--compiled-classes=/system/etc/compiled-classes");
790    }
791
792    property_get("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-flags", dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "");
793    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatImageFlagsBuf, "-Ximage-compiler-option");
794
795    // Extra options for DexClassLoader.
796    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xms", dex2oatXmsFlagsBuf,
797                               "-Xms", "-Xcompiler-option");
798    parseCompilerRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-Xmx", dex2oatXmxFlagsBuf,
799                               "-Xmx", "-Xcompiler-option");
800    if (skip_compilation) {
801        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
802        addOption("--compiler-filter=verify-none");
803
804        // We skip compilation when a minimal runtime is brought up for decryption. In that case
805        // /data is temporarily backed by a tmpfs, which is usually small.
806        // If the system image contains prebuilts, they will be relocated into the tmpfs. In this
807        // specific situation it is acceptable to *not* relocate and run out of the prebuilts
808        // directly instead.
809        addOption("--runtime-arg");
810        addOption("-Xnorelocate");
811    } else {
812        parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-filter", dex2oatCompilerFilterBuf,
813                            "--compiler-filter=", "-Xcompiler-option");
814    }
815    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsBuf, "-j", "-Xcompiler-option");
816    parseCompilerOption("dalvik.vm.image-dex2oat-threads", dex2oatThreadsImageBuf, "-j",
817                        "-Ximage-compiler-option");
818
819    // The runtime will compile a boot image, when necessary, not using installd. Thus, we need to
820    // pass the instruction-set-features/variant as an image-compiler-option.
821    // TODO: Find a better way for the instruction-set.
822#if defined(__arm__)
823    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm";
824#elif defined(__aarch64__)
825    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "arm64";
826#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
827    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips";
828#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
829    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "mips64";
830#elif defined(__i386__)
831    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86";
832#elif defined(__x86_64__)
833    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "x86_64";
834#else
835    constexpr const char* instruction_set = "unknown";
836#endif
837    // Note: it is OK to reuse the buffer, as the values are exactly the same between
838    //       * compiler-option, used for runtime compilation (DexClassLoader)
839    //       * image-compiler-option, used for boot-image compilation on device
840
841    // Copy the variant.
842    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.variant", instruction_set);
843    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
844                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
845    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_variant_key, dex2oat_isa_variant,
846                        "--instruction-set-variant=", "-Xcompiler-option");
847    // Copy the features.
848    sprintf(dex2oat_isa_features_key, "dalvik.vm.isa.%s.features", instruction_set);
849    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
850                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Ximage-compiler-option");
851    parseCompilerOption(dex2oat_isa_features_key, dex2oat_isa_features,
852                        "--instruction-set-features=", "-Xcompiler-option");
853
854
855    property_get("dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags", dex2oatFlagsBuf, "");
856    parseExtraOpts(dex2oatFlagsBuf, "-Xcompiler-option");
857
858    /* extra options; parse this late so it overrides others */
859    property_get("dalvik.vm.extra-opts", extraOptsBuf, "");
860    parseExtraOpts(extraOptsBuf, NULL);
861
862    /* Set the properties for locale */
863    {
864        strcpy(localeOption, "-Duser.locale=");
865        const std::string locale = readLocale();
866        strncat(localeOption, locale.c_str(), PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
867        addOption(localeOption);
868    }
869
870    // Trace files are stored in /data/misc/trace which is writable only in debug mode.
871    property_get("ro.debuggable", propBuf, "0");
872    if (strcmp(propBuf, "1") == 0) {
873        property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace", propBuf, "false");
874        if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
875            addOption("-Xmethod-trace");
876            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file",
877                               methodTraceFileBuf,
878                               "-Xmethod-trace-file:");
879            parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.method-trace-file-siz",
880                               methodTraceFileSizeBuf,
881                               "-Xmethod-trace-file-size:");
882            property_get("dalvik.vm.method-trace-stream", propBuf, "false");
883            if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
884                addOption("-Xmethod-trace-stream");
885            }
886        }
887    }
888
889    // Native bridge library. "0" means that native bridge is disabled.
890    property_get("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge", propBuf, "");
891    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
892        ALOGW("ro.dalvik.vm.native.bridge is not expected to be empty");
893    } else if (strcmp(propBuf, "0") != 0) {
894        snprintf(nativeBridgeLibrary, sizeof("-XX:NativeBridge=") + PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX,
895                 "-XX:NativeBridge=%s", propBuf);
896        addOption(nativeBridgeLibrary);
897    }
898
899#if defined(__LP64__)
900    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist64";
901#else
902    const char* cpu_abilist_property_name = "ro.product.cpu.abilist32";
903#endif  // defined(__LP64__)
904    property_get(cpu_abilist_property_name, propBuf, "");
905    if (propBuf[0] == '\0') {
906        ALOGE("%s is not expected to be empty", cpu_abilist_property_name);
907        return -1;
908    }
909    snprintf(cpuAbiListBuf, sizeof(cpuAbiListBuf), "--cpu-abilist=%s", propBuf);
910    addOption(cpuAbiListBuf);
911
912    // Dalvik-cache pruning counter.
913    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.zygote.max-boot-retry", cachePruneBuf,
914                       "-Xzygote-max-boot-retry=");
915
916    /*
917     * When running with debug.generate-debug-info, add --generate-debug-info to
918     * the compiler options so that the boot image, if it is compiled on device,
919     * will include native debugging information.
920     */
921    property_get("debug.generate-debug-info", propBuf, "");
922    if (strcmp(propBuf, "true") == 0) {
923        addOption("-Xcompiler-option");
924        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
925        addOption("-Ximage-compiler-option");
926        addOption("--generate-debug-info");
927    }
928
929    /*
930     * Retrieve the build fingerprint and provide it to the runtime. That way, ANR dumps will
931     * contain the fingerprint and can be parsed.
932     */
933    parseRuntimeOption("ro.build.fingerprint", fingerprintBuf, "-Xfingerprint:");
934
935    initArgs.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
936    initArgs.options = mOptions.editArray();
937    initArgs.nOptions = mOptions.size();
938    initArgs.ignoreUnrecognized = JNI_FALSE;
939
940    /*
941     * Initialize the VM.
942     *
943     * The JavaVM* is essentially per-process, and the JNIEnv* is per-thread.
944     * If this call succeeds, the VM is ready, and we can start issuing
945     * JNI calls.
946     */
947    if (JNI_CreateJavaVM(pJavaVM, pEnv, &initArgs) < 0) {
948        ALOGE("JNI_CreateJavaVM failed\n");
949        return -1;
950    }
951
952    return 0;
953}
954
955char* AndroidRuntime::toSlashClassName(const char* className)
956{
957    char* result = strdup(className);
958    for (char* cp = result; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
959        if (*cp == '.') {
960            *cp = '/';
961        }
962    }
963    return result;
964}
965
966/** Create a Java string from an ASCII or Latin-1 string */
967jstring AndroidRuntime::NewStringLatin1(JNIEnv* env, const char* bytes) {
968    if (!bytes) return NULL;
969    int length = strlen(bytes);
970    jchar* buffer = (jchar *)alloca(length * sizeof(jchar));
971    if (!buffer) return NULL;
972    jchar* chp = buffer;
973    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
974        *chp++ = *bytes++;
975    }
976    return env->NewString(buffer, length);
977}
978
979
980/*
981 * Start the Android runtime.  This involves starting the virtual machine
982 * and calling the "static void main(String[] args)" method in the class
983 * named by "className".
984 *
985 * Passes the main function two arguments, the class name and the specified
986 * options string.
987 */
988void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
989{
990    ALOGD(">>>>>> START %s uid %d <<<<<<\n",
991            className != NULL ? className : "(unknown)", getuid());
992
993    static const String8 startSystemServer("start-system-server");
994
995    /*
996     * 'startSystemServer == true' means runtime is obsolete and not run from
997     * init.rc anymore, so we print out the boot start event here.
998     */
999    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1000        if (options[i] == startSystemServer) {
1001           /* track our progress through the boot sequence */
1002           const int LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START = 3000;
1003           LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_START,  ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));
1004        }
1005    }
1006
1007    const char* rootDir = getenv("ANDROID_ROOT");
1008    if (rootDir == NULL) {
1009        rootDir = "/system";
1010        if (!hasDir("/system")) {
1011            LOG_FATAL("No root directory specified, and /android does not exist.");
1012            return;
1013        }
1014        setenv("ANDROID_ROOT", rootDir, 1);
1015    }
1016
1017    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
1018    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);
1019
1020    /* start the virtual machine */
1021    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
1022    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
1023    JNIEnv* env;
1024    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote) != 0) {
1025        return;
1026    }
1027    onVmCreated(env);
1028
1029    /*
1030     * Register android functions.
1031     */
1032    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
1033        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
1034        return;
1035    }
1036
1037    /*
1038     * We want to call main() with a String array with arguments in it.
1039     * At present we have two arguments, the class name and an option string.
1040     * Create an array to hold them.
1041     */
1042    jclass stringClass;
1043    jobjectArray strArray;
1044    jstring classNameStr;
1045
1046    stringClass = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
1047    assert(stringClass != NULL);
1048    strArray = env->NewObjectArray(options.size() + 1, stringClass, NULL);
1049    assert(strArray != NULL);
1050    classNameStr = env->NewStringUTF(className);
1051    assert(classNameStr != NULL);
1052    env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, 0, classNameStr);
1053
1054    for (size_t i = 0; i < options.size(); ++i) {
1055        jstring optionsStr = env->NewStringUTF(options.itemAt(i).string());
1056        assert(optionsStr != NULL);
1057        env->SetObjectArrayElement(strArray, i + 1, optionsStr);
1058    }
1059
1060    /*
1061     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
1062     * not return until the VM exits.
1063     */
1064    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className);
1065    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
1066    if (startClass == NULL) {
1067        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
1068        /* keep going */
1069    } else {
1070        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
1071            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
1072        if (startMeth == NULL) {
1073            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
1074            /* keep going */
1075        } else {
1076            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);
1077
1078#if 0
1079            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
1080                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
1081#endif
1082        }
1083    }
1084    free(slashClassName);
1085
1086    ALOGD("Shutting down VM\n");
1087    if (mJavaVM->DetachCurrentThread() != JNI_OK)
1088        ALOGW("Warning: unable to detach main thread\n");
1089    if (mJavaVM->DestroyJavaVM() != 0)
1090        ALOGW("Warning: VM did not shut down cleanly\n");
1091}
1092
1093void AndroidRuntime::exit(int code)
1094{
1095    if (mExitWithoutCleanup) {
1096        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d, cleanup skipped.", code);
1097        ::_exit(code);
1098    } else {
1099        ALOGI("VM exiting with result code %d.", code);
1100        onExit(code);
1101        ::exit(code);
1102    }
1103}
1104
1105void AndroidRuntime::onVmCreated(JNIEnv* env)
1106{
1107    // If AndroidRuntime had anything to do here, we'd have done it in 'start'.
1108}
1109
1110/*
1111 * Get the JNIEnv pointer for this thread.
1112 *
1113 * Returns NULL if the slot wasn't allocated or populated.
1114 */
1115/*static*/ JNIEnv* AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv()
1116{
1117    JNIEnv* env;
1118    JavaVM* vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1119    assert(vm != NULL);
1120
1121    if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK)
1122        return NULL;
1123    return env;
1124}
1125
1126/*
1127 * Makes the current thread visible to the VM.
1128 *
1129 * The JNIEnv pointer returned is only valid for the current thread, and
1130 * thus must be tucked into thread-local storage.
1131 */
1132static int javaAttachThread(const char* threadName, JNIEnv** pEnv)
1133{
1134    JavaVMAttachArgs args;
1135    JavaVM* vm;
1136    jint result;
1137
1138    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1139    assert(vm != NULL);
1140
1141    args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
1142    args.name = (char*) threadName;
1143    args.group = NULL;
1144
1145    result = vm->AttachCurrentThread(pEnv, (void*) &args);
1146    if (result != JNI_OK)
1147        ALOGI("NOTE: attach of thread '%s' failed\n", threadName);
1148
1149    return result;
1150}
1151
1152/*
1153 * Detach the current thread from the set visible to the VM.
1154 */
1155static int javaDetachThread(void)
1156{
1157    JavaVM* vm;
1158    jint result;
1159
1160    vm = AndroidRuntime::getJavaVM();
1161    assert(vm != NULL);
1162
1163    result = vm->DetachCurrentThread();
1164    if (result != JNI_OK)
1165        ALOGE("ERROR: thread detach failed\n");
1166    return result;
1167}
1168
1169/*
1170 * When starting a native thread that will be visible from the VM, we
1171 * bounce through this to get the right attach/detach action.
1172 * Note that this function calls free(args)
1173 */
1174/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell(void* args) {
1175    void* start = ((void**)args)[0];
1176    void* userData = ((void **)args)[1];
1177    char* name = (char*) ((void **)args)[2];        // we own this storage
1178    free(args);
1179    JNIEnv* env;
1180    int result;
1181
1182    /* hook us into the VM */
1183    if (javaAttachThread(name, &env) != JNI_OK)
1184        return -1;
1185
1186    /* start the thread running */
1187    result = (*(android_thread_func_t)start)(userData);
1188
1189    /* unhook us */
1190    javaDetachThread();
1191    free(name);
1192
1193    return result;
1194}
1195
1196/*
1197 * This is invoked from androidCreateThreadEtc() via the callback
1198 * set with androidSetCreateThreadFunc().
1199 *
1200 * We need to create the new thread in such a way that it gets hooked
1201 * into the VM before it really starts executing.
1202 */
1203/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::javaCreateThreadEtc(
1204                                android_thread_func_t entryFunction,
1205                                void* userData,
1206                                const char* threadName,
1207                                int32_t threadPriority,
1208                                size_t threadStackSize,
1209                                android_thread_id_t* threadId)
1210{
1211    void** args = (void**) malloc(3 * sizeof(void*));   // javaThreadShell must free
1212    int result;
1213
1214    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(threadName == nullptr, "threadName not provided to javaCreateThreadEtc");
1215
1216    args[0] = (void*) entryFunction;
1217    args[1] = userData;
1218    args[2] = (void*) strdup(threadName);   // javaThreadShell must free
1219
1220    result = androidCreateRawThreadEtc(AndroidRuntime::javaThreadShell, args,
1221        threadName, threadPriority, threadStackSize, threadId);
1222    return result;
1223}
1224
1225/*
1226 * Create a thread that is visible from the VM.
1227 *
1228 * This is called from elsewhere in the library.
1229 */
1230/*static*/ android_thread_id_t AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(const char* name,
1231    void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
1232{
1233    android_thread_id_t threadId = 0;
1234    javaCreateThreadEtc((android_thread_func_t) start, arg, name,
1235        ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0, &threadId);
1236    return threadId;
1237}
1238
1239#if 0
1240static void quickTest(void* arg)
1241{
1242    const char* str = (const char*) arg;
1243
1244    printf("In quickTest: %s\n", str);
1245}
1246#endif
1247
1248#ifdef NDEBUG
1249    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name }
1250    struct RegJNIRec {
1251        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1252    };
1253#else
1254    #define REG_JNI(name)      { name, #name }
1255    struct RegJNIRec {
1256        int (*mProc)(JNIEnv*);
1257        const char* mName;
1258    };
1259#endif
1260
1261typedef void (*RegJAMProc)();
1262
1263static int register_jni_procs(const RegJNIRec array[], size_t count, JNIEnv* env)
1264{
1265    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1266        if (array[i].mProc(env) < 0) {
1267#ifndef NDEBUG
1268            ALOGD("----------!!! %s failed to load\n", array[i].mName);
1269#endif
1270            return -1;
1271        }
1272    }
1273    return 0;
1274}
1275
1276static const RegJNIRec gRegJNI[] = {
1277    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_RuntimeInit),
1278    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemClock),
1279    REG_JNI(register_android_util_EventLog),
1280    REG_JNI(register_android_util_Log),
1281    REG_JNI(register_android_util_MemoryIntArray),
1282    REG_JNI(register_android_util_PathParser),
1283    REG_JNI(register_android_app_admin_SecurityLog),
1284    REG_JNI(register_android_content_AssetManager),
1285    REG_JNI(register_android_content_StringBlock),
1286    REG_JNI(register_android_content_XmlBlock),
1287    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidCharacter),
1288    REG_JNI(register_android_text_StaticLayout),
1289    REG_JNI(register_android_text_AndroidBidi),
1290    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputDevice),
1291    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyCharacterMap),
1292    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Process),
1293    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SystemProperties),
1294    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Binder),
1295    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Parcel),
1296    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBinder),
1297    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwBlob),
1298    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwParcel),
1299    REG_JNI(register_android_os_HwRemoteBinder),
1300    REG_JNI(register_android_nio_utils),
1301    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Canvas),
1302    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Graphics),
1303    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayEventReceiver),
1304    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNode),
1305    REG_JNI(register_android_view_RenderNodeAnimator),
1306    REG_JNI(register_android_view_GraphicBuffer),
1307    REG_JNI(register_android_view_DisplayListCanvas),
1308    REG_JNI(register_android_view_HardwareLayer),
1309    REG_JNI(register_android_view_ThreadedRenderer),
1310    REG_JNI(register_android_view_Surface),
1311    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceControl),
1312    REG_JNI(register_android_view_SurfaceSession),
1313    REG_JNI(register_android_view_TextureView),
1314    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_view_animation_NativeInterpolatorFactoryHelper),
1315    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_EGLImpl),
1316    REG_JNI(register_com_google_android_gles_jni_GLImpl),
1317    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGL14),
1318    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_EGLExt),
1319    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10),
1320    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES10Ext),
1321    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11),
1322    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES11Ext),
1323    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES20),
1324    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES30),
1325    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31),
1326    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES31Ext),
1327    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_jni_GLES32),
1328
1329    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Bitmap),
1330    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapFactory),
1331    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_BitmapRegionDecoder),
1332    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Camera),
1333    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CreateJavaOutputStreamAdaptor),
1334    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_CanvasProperty),
1335    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_ColorFilter),
1336    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_DrawFilter),
1337    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_FontFamily),
1338    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Interpolator),
1339    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_LayerRasterizer),
1340    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_MaskFilter),
1341    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Matrix),
1342    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Movie),
1343    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_NinePatch),
1344    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Paint),
1345    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Path),
1346    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathMeasure),
1347    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PathEffect),
1348    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Picture),
1349    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_PorterDuff),
1350    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Rasterizer),
1351    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Region),
1352    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Shader),
1353    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_SurfaceTexture),
1354    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Typeface),
1355    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_Xfermode),
1356    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_YuvImage),
1357    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_AnimatedVectorDrawable),
1358    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_drawable_VectorDrawable),
1359    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfDocument),
1360    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfEditor),
1361    REG_JNI(register_android_graphics_pdf_PdfRenderer),
1362
1363    REG_JNI(register_android_database_CursorWindow),
1364    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteConnection),
1365    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteGlobal),
1366    REG_JNI(register_android_database_SQLiteDebug),
1367    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Debug),
1368    REG_JNI(register_android_os_FileObserver),
1369    REG_JNI(register_android_os_GraphicsEnvironment),
1370    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MessageQueue),
1371    REG_JNI(register_android_os_SELinux),
1372    REG_JNI(register_android_os_seccomp),
1373    REG_JNI(register_android_os_Trace),
1374    REG_JNI(register_android_os_UEventObserver),
1375    REG_JNI(register_android_net_LocalSocketImpl),
1376    REG_JNI(register_android_net_NetworkUtils),
1377    REG_JNI(register_android_net_TrafficStats),
1378    REG_JNI(register_android_os_MemoryFile),
1379    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_PathClassLoaderFactory),
1380    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_os_Zygote),
1381    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_util_VirtualRefBasePtr),
1382    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Camera),
1383    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_CameraMetadata),
1384    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_LegacyCameraDevice),
1385    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_legacy_PerfMeasurement),
1386    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_camera2_DngCreator),
1387    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_Radio),
1388    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SensorManager),
1389    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SerialPort),
1390    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_SoundTrigger),
1391    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDevice),
1392    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbDeviceConnection),
1393    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_UsbRequest),
1394    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ActivityRecognitionHardware),
1395    REG_JNI(register_android_hardware_location_ContextHubService),
1396    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioRecord),
1397    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioSystem),
1398    REG_JNI(register_android_media_AudioTrack),
1399    REG_JNI(register_android_media_JetPlayer),
1400    REG_JNI(register_android_media_RemoteDisplay),
1401    REG_JNI(register_android_media_ToneGenerator),
1402
1403    REG_JNI(register_android_opengl_classes),
1404    REG_JNI(register_android_server_NetworkManagementSocketTagger),
1405    REG_JNI(register_android_ddm_DdmHandleNativeHeap),
1406    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataInput),
1407    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupDataOutput),
1408    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_FileBackupHelperBase),
1409    REG_JNI(register_android_backup_BackupHelperDispatcher),
1410    REG_JNI(register_android_app_backup_FullBackup),
1411    REG_JNI(register_android_app_Activity),
1412    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ActivityThread),
1413    REG_JNI(register_android_app_ApplicationLoaders),
1414    REG_JNI(register_android_app_NativeActivity),
1415    REG_JNI(register_android_util_jar_StrictJarFile),
1416    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputChannel),
1417    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventReceiver),
1418    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputEventSender),
1419    REG_JNI(register_android_view_InputQueue),
1420    REG_JNI(register_android_view_KeyEvent),
1421    REG_JNI(register_android_view_MotionEvent),
1422    REG_JNI(register_android_view_PointerIcon),
1423    REG_JNI(register_android_view_VelocityTracker),
1424
1425    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_ObbScanner),
1426    REG_JNI(register_android_content_res_Configuration),
1427
1428    REG_JNI(register_android_animation_PropertyValuesHolder),
1429    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_content_NativeLibraryHelper),
1430    REG_JNI(register_com_android_internal_net_NetworkStatsFactory),
1431
1432};
1433
1434/*
1435 * Register android native functions with the VM.
1436 */
1437/*static*/ int AndroidRuntime::startReg(JNIEnv* env)
1438{
1439    ATRACE_NAME("RegisterAndroidNatives");
1440    /*
1441     * This hook causes all future threads created in this process to be
1442     * attached to the JavaVM.  (This needs to go away in favor of JNI
1443     * Attach calls.)
1444     */
1445    androidSetCreateThreadFunc((android_create_thread_fn) javaCreateThreadEtc);
1446
1447    ALOGV("--- registering native functions ---\n");
1448
1449    /*
1450     * Every "register" function calls one or more things that return
1451     * a local reference (e.g. FindClass).  Because we haven't really
1452     * started the VM yet, they're all getting stored in the base frame
1453     * and never released.  Use Push/Pop to manage the storage.
1454     */
1455    env->PushLocalFrame(200);
1456
1457    if (register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env) < 0) {
1458        env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1459        return -1;
1460    }
1461    env->PopLocalFrame(NULL);
1462
1463    //createJavaThread("fubar", quickTest, (void*) "hello");
1464
1465    return 0;
1466}
1467
1468AndroidRuntime* AndroidRuntime::getRuntime()
1469{
1470    return gCurRuntime;
1471}
1472
1473/**
1474 * Used by surface flinger's DdmConnection to register native methods from
1475 * the framework.
1476 */
1477extern "C" jint registerFrameworkNatives(JNIEnv* env) {
1478    return register_jni_procs(gRegJNI, NELEM(gRegJNI), env);
1479}
1480}   // namespace android
1481